CN115055497A - Mechanochemical method for decomposing polychlorinated biphenyl in soil - Google Patents
Mechanochemical method for decomposing polychlorinated biphenyl in soil Download PDFInfo
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- CN115055497A CN115055497A CN202210521770.5A CN202210521770A CN115055497A CN 115055497 A CN115055497 A CN 115055497A CN 202210521770 A CN202210521770 A CN 202210521770A CN 115055497 A CN115055497 A CN 115055497A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
- B09C1/08—Reclamation of contaminated soil chemically
Abstract
The application provides a mechanochemical method for decomposing polychlorinated biphenyl in soil, which comprises the following steps: collecting polychlorinated biphenyl polluted soil; air-drying and crushing the polychlorinated biphenyl polluted soil to obtain soil to be repaired; and putting the soil to be repaired, cerium oxide and grinding balls into a ball milling tank, and putting the ball milling tank on a ball mill for ball milling to decompose polychlorinated biphenyl in the soil to be repaired. The mechanochemical method for decomposing polychlorinated biphenyl in soil provided by the embodiment of the application has the advantages of simplicity and safety in operation, lower cost of cerium oxide, no toxicity, no secondary pollution, high degradation efficiency of polychlorinated biphenyl and the like, thereby having better practical application prospect.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of soil remediation, in particular to a mechanochemical method for decomposing polychlorinated biphenyl in soil.
Background
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs for short) are artificially synthesized organic chlorides, have stable chemical properties, do not react with chemical reagents such as acid, alkali, oxidants and the like, have extremely low solubility in water, enter the environment through the processes of waste discharge, leakage, volatilization, sedimentation and the like of an oil storage tank, enter the circulation of a food chain through plants and aquatic organisms, are accumulated and concentrated in a human body, damage the functions and nervous systems of metabolic organs, and seriously threaten the health of the human body. In 2001, the international convention entitled "control of persistent organic pollutants" signed in stockholm, sweden, identified polychlorinated biphenyls as one of the first 12 organic pollutants to be controlled.
The research shows that the environment pollution range is wide, polychlorinated biphenyl exists from the atmosphere to soil, from rain to marine life, from crops to food, and the polychlorinated biphenyl continuously harms human health.
At present, the traditional methods of deep burying, sealing and high-temperature burning are mostly adopted for industrial disposal of polychlorinated biphenyl, but the method has high requirements on conditions and treatment cost, is easy to cause secondary pollution, and particularly is suitable for soil. The degradation research of polychlorinated biphenyl focuses on photo-degradation method, chemical catalysis method, biological degradation method, etc., but these methods have the disadvantages of complex treatment process and low efficiency, are not suitable for large-scale industrial application, and are still in the laboratory research stage.
Disclosure of Invention
The present application aims to solve at least to some extent one of the technical problems in the above-mentioned technology.
Therefore, one purpose of the application is to provide a mechanochemical method for decomposing polychlorinated biphenyl in soil, which has the advantages of simple and safe operation, low cerium oxide cost, no toxicity, no secondary pollution, high polychlorinated biphenyl degradation efficiency and the like, thereby having better practical application prospect.
In order to achieve the above object, the embodiment of the first aspect of the present application provides a mechanochemical method for decomposing polychlorinated biphenyl in soil, comprising: collecting polychlorinated biphenyl polluted soil; carrying out air drying and crushing treatment on the polychlorinated biphenyl polluted soil to obtain soil to be repaired; and putting the soil to be repaired, cerium oxide and grinding balls into a ball milling tank, and putting the ball milling tank on a ball mill for ball milling to decompose polychlorinated biphenyl in the soil to be repaired.
According to the mechanochemical method for decomposing polychlorinated biphenyl in soil, the polychlorinated biphenyl polluted soil is collected, air-drying and crushing treatment is carried out on the polychlorinated biphenyl polluted soil to obtain soil to be repaired, then the soil to be repaired, cerium oxide and grinding balls are placed into a ball milling tank, and the ball milling tank is placed on a ball mill for ball milling to decompose polychlorinated biphenyl in the soil to be repaired. Therefore, the method has the advantages of simple and safe operation, low cerium oxide cost, no toxicity, no secondary pollution, high polychlorinated biphenyl degradation efficiency and the like, thereby having good practical application prospect.
In addition, the mechanochemical method for decomposing polychlorinated biphenyls in soil according to the embodiments of the present application may also have the following additional technical features:
in an embodiment of the present application, the above mechanochemical method for decomposing polychlorinated biphenyls in soil may further include: obtaining the repaired soil in the ball milling tank after the ball mill is stopped; and detecting the content of polychlorinated biphenyl in the repaired soil to obtain the content of polychlorinated biphenyl in the repaired soil.
In an embodiment of the application, the placing the ball milling tank on a ball mill for ball milling to decompose polychlorinated biphenyl in the soil to be repaired includes: setting ball milling parameters of the ball mill, and placing the ball milling tank on the ball mill; and controlling the ball mill according to the ball milling parameters to decompose the polychlorinated biphenyl in the soil to be repaired.
In one embodiment of the application, the granularity of the soil to be repaired is less than 0.25mm, and the concentration of the polychlorinated biphenyl in the soil to be repaired is 500-1200 mg/kg.
In one embodiment of the present application, the material of the grinding balls and the material of the ball milling tank are both stainless steel, and the diameter of the grinding balls is 10mm or 6 mm.
In one embodiment of the present application, the weight ratio of the cerium oxide to the soil to be remediated is between 5% and 10%.
In one embodiment of the present application, the ball to material ratio in the ball mill pot is 30:1, the grinding balls are multiple.
In one embodiment of the present application, the ball milling parameters include that the rotation speed of the ball mill is 500r/min, the revolution-to-rotation speed ratio of the ball milling tank is 1: 2. the ball milling time is any value of 3-12 h and the rotation direction of the ball mill is reversed once every half hour.
Additional aspects and advantages of the present application will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the present application.
Drawings
The foregoing and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present application will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of a mechanochemical method for decomposing polychlorinated biphenyls in soil according to one embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic flow diagram of a mechanochemical method for decomposing polychlorinated biphenyls in soil according to another embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic flow diagram of a mechanochemical method for decomposing polychlorinated biphenyls in soil according to another embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the effect of the synergistic effect of cerium oxide and the mechanochemical degradation of polychlorinated biphenyl in the examples (one) of the present application;
FIG. 5 is a graph showing the degradation rate of polychlorinated biphenyl contaminated soil with different initial concentrations after ball milling for 12 hours in example (II) of the present application when cerium oxide is added;
FIG. 6 is a graph showing the degradation effect of polychlorinated biphenyl after adding cerium oxide and ball milling for different periods of time in example (III) of the present application; and
FIG. 7 is a graph showing the degradation effect of polychlorinated biphenyl after ball milling of contaminated soil for 12 hours by comparing different materials when cerium oxide is added in example (IV) of the present application.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present application, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are exemplary and intended to be used for explaining the present application and should not be construed as limiting the present application.
The following describes a method, an apparatus, an electronic device, and a storage medium for processing a reporting event according to an embodiment of the present application with reference to the drawings.
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of a mechanochemical method for decomposing polychlorinated biphenyls in soil according to one embodiment of the present application.
As shown in fig. 1, the mechanochemical method for decomposing polychlorinated biphenyl in soil may include:
It should be noted that the polychlorinated biphenyl contaminated soil described in this example may be collected by the relevant personnel.
And step 102, carrying out air drying and crushing treatment on the polychlorinated biphenyl polluted soil to obtain the soil to be repaired.
In the embodiment of the application, the polychlorinated biphenyl polluted soil can be air-dried and crushed by an air-drying crusher to obtain the soil to be restored (i.e., the soil obtained after the polychlorinated biphenyl polluted soil is air-dried and crushed).
Specifically, after the polychlorinated biphenyl polluted soil is collected, the polychlorinated biphenyl polluted soil can be placed (poured) into an air drying crusher for air drying and crushing treatment, so that the soil to be repaired output by the air drying crusher is obtained.
As a possible situation, after the polychlorinated biphenyl polluted soil is collected, related personnel can firstly smash large blocks in the polychlorinated biphenyl polluted soil, remove sundries such as bricks, tiles and branches, and then place (pour) the processed polychlorinated biphenyl polluted soil into an air drying crusher for air drying and crushing treatment. Therefore, the influence of sundries such as bricks, tiles, branches and the like in the polychlorinated biphenyl polluted soil on the air drying and crushing efficiency can be avoided.
For clarity of the previous embodiment, in one embodiment of the present application, the particle size of the soil to be repaired is less than 0.25mm, and the concentration of polychlorinated biphenyl in the soil to be repaired is between 500 and 1200 mg/kg.
Specifically, in order to improve the degradation efficiency of polychlorinated biphenyl, the soil particles of the soil to be repaired, which are obtained after air drying and crushing, are preferably smaller than 0.25mm, and the concentration of polychlorinated biphenyl is preferably between 500 and 1200 mg/kg.
103, putting the soil to be repaired, cerium oxide and grinding balls into a ball milling tank, and putting the ball milling tank on a ball mill for ball milling to decompose polychlorinated biphenyl in the soil to be repaired. Wherein, the grinding ball can be a plurality of. It should be noted that the cerium oxide described in this embodiment may be a cerium oxide additive, and the cerium oxide additive has the advantages of low cost, no toxicity, no secondary pollution, and the like.
In the embodiment of the present application, the material of the grinding balls and the ball milling tank may be stainless steel, the diameter of the grinding balls may be 10mm or 6mm, the weight ratio of the cerium oxide to the soil to be repaired may be between 5% and 10%, for example, 1g of cerium oxide may be added to 10g of soil to be repaired, and the ball material ratio in the ball milling tank may be 30: for example, 11g of the cerium oxide and soil mixture to be rehabilitated in the ball mill pot should be added with a total weight of 330g of stainless steel grinding balls (for example, 25 stainless steel grinding balls with a diameter of 10mm and several stainless steel grinding balls with a diameter of 6mm (total weight of 330g)) to the pot.
To illustrate the above embodiment clearly, in an embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 2, a ball mill pot is placed on a ball mill for ball milling to decompose polychlorinated biphenyl in soil to be remediated, which may include:
As a possible case, the revolution-to-rotation ratio of the ball milling jar may be 1: 1.5 or 1: 2.5.
Specifically, after the soil to be restored is obtained, the dosage of the cerium oxide additive and the size and the number of the grinding balls can be determined according to the weight of the soil to be restored, and the determined cerium oxide additive, the grinding balls and the soil to be restored are placed into a ball milling tank together. And then setting ball milling parameters of the ball mill, placing the ball milling tank on the ball mill, and finally controlling the ball mill according to the ball milling parameters to decompose polychlorinated biphenyl in the soil to be repaired.
In the embodiment of the application, polychlorinated biphenyl polluted soil is collected firstly, air-drying and crushing treatment is carried out on the polychlorinated biphenyl polluted soil to obtain soil to be repaired, then the soil to be repaired, cerium oxide and grinding balls are placed into a ball milling tank, and the ball milling tank is placed on a ball mill for ball milling to decompose polychlorinated biphenyl in the soil to be repaired. Therefore, the method has the advantages of simple and safe operation, low cost of cerium oxide, no toxicity, no secondary pollution, high degradation efficiency of the polychlorinated biphenyl and the like, thereby having good practical application prospect.
Further, in an embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 3, the mechanochemical method for decomposing polychlorinated biphenyl in soil may further include:
It should be noted that the restored soil described in this example refers to soil taken out of the ball mill pot after the end of the milling.
And 302, detecting the content of polychlorinated biphenyl in the repaired soil to obtain the content of the polychlorinated biphenyl in the repaired soil.
Specifically, after the ball mill is stopped, the relevant personnel can take out the soil (repaired soil) in the ball mill tank, and perform polychlorinated biphenyl content detection on the soil through relevant instruments to obtain the polychlorinated biphenyl content in the soil, so as to detect the repairing degree and effect on the polychlorinated biphenyl polluted soil.
In order to make the technical solutions of the present application better understood, the following embodiments are described in a clear and complete manner, and the described embodiments are only a part of the present application, but not all of the present application.
Example (a):
accurately weighing 10g of a soil sample with the polychlorinated biphenyl concentration of 1026.48mg/Kg and 1g of a cerium oxide additive, putting 11g of the soil sample as a reference group into a 250mL stainless steel ball milling tank, putting 25 stainless steel grinding balls (the total weight is 330g) with the diameter of 10mm and the diameter of 6mm according to the ball-to-material ratio of 30:1, setting the rotation speed of the ball mill to be 500r/min, setting the revolution and rotation speed ratio of the ball milling tank to be 1:2, reversing once every half hour, setting one hour as a positive and negative rotation period, and ball milling for 12 hours. And (3) analyzing the concentration of the polychlorinated biphenyl after the ball milling is finished, and obtaining the degradation rate shown in figure 4. The cerium oxide additive can greatly improve the degradation effect of the polychlorinated biphenyl, and the degradation rate is increased by about 20 percent.
Example (b):
accurately weighing 10g of a soil sample with polychlorinated biphenyl concentration of 500-1200 mg/Kg and 1g of a cerium oxide additive, putting the soil sample and the cerium oxide additive into a 250mL stainless steel ball mill, putting 25 stainless steel grinding balls (the total weight is 330g) with the diameter of 10mm and the diameter of 6mm according to a ball-to-material ratio of 30:1, setting the rotation speed of the ball mill to be 500r/min, setting the revolution and rotation speed ratio of the ball mill to be 1:2, performing reverse rotation once every half hour, setting one hour as a forward and reverse rotation period, and performing ball milling for 12 hours. And analyzing the concentration of the polychlorinated biphenyl after the ball milling is finished, and obtaining the degradation rate shown in figure 5. The polychlorinated biphenyl concentration has certain influence on the synergetic mechanochemical degradation effect of cerium oxide, the degradation rate of the polychlorinated biphenyl in the experimental concentration is more than 93 percent, the degradation rate is reduced due to the increase of the concentration, and the degradation rate of the polychlorinated biphenyl is more than 95 percent when the concentration is less than 1000 mg/Kg.
Example (iii):
accurately weighing 10g of a soil sample with polychlorinated biphenyl concentration of 1026.48mg/Kg and 1g of a cerium oxide additive, putting the soil sample and the cerium oxide additive into a 250mL stainless steel ball milling tank, putting 25 stainless steel grinding balls (the total weight is 330g) with the diameter of 10mm and the diameter of 6mm according to a ball-to-material ratio of 30:1, setting the rotation speed of the ball mill to be 500r/min, setting the revolution and rotation speed ratio of the ball milling tank to be 1:2, reversing once every half hour, setting one hour as a positive and negative rotation period, and setting the ball milling time to be 3 hours, 6 hours, 9 hours and 12 hours respectively. And analyzing the concentration of the polychlorinated biphenyl after the ball milling is finished, and obtaining the degradation rate shown in figure 6. It can be seen that the polychlorinated biphenyl in the soil is rapidly degraded within the first 3h under the synergistic effect of cerium oxide and mechanochemistry, the degradation rate is close to 90%, and then the polychlorinated biphenyl is slowly degraded to reach 95.9% within 12 h.
Example (iv):
accurately weighing 10g of a soil sample with polychlorinated biphenyl concentration of 1026.48mg/Kg and 0.5 g, 0.6g, 0.7g, 0.8g, 0.9g and 1g of cerium oxide additive, putting the soil sample and the additives into a 250mL stainless steel ball milling tank, putting 25 stainless steel grinding balls (the total weight is 330g) with the diameter of 10mm and a plurality of diameters of 6mm according to the ball-to-material ratio of 30:1, setting the rotation speed of the ball mill to be 500r/min, setting the revolution-rotation speed ratio of the ball milling tank to be 1:2, reversing once every half hour, setting one hour as a positive-reverse cycle and one hour as a negative-reverse cycle, and ball milling time to be 12 hours. And (3) analyzing the concentration of the polychlorinated biphenyl after the ball milling is finished, and obtaining the degradation rate shown in figure 7. The material ratio (weight ratio) of cerium oxide to soil can be seen to have certain influence on the degradation effect of polychlorinated biphenyl, the degradation effect can be improved by increasing the cerium oxide additive, when the cerium oxide/soil is more than 6%, the degradation rate of polychlorinated biphenyl is over 90%, and when the cerium oxide/soil is more than 9%, the degradation rate of polychlorinated biphenyl is over 95%.
Therefore, the mechanochemical method for decomposing polychlorinated biphenyl in soil provided by the embodiment of the application can adopt cerium oxide as an additive to be ball-milled together with polychlorinated biphenyl polluted soil aiming at the degradation of polychlorinated biphenyl in soil, and can realize a better degradation removal effect by optimizing process conditions, wherein the degradation efficiency of polychlorinated biphenyl is as high as more than 95%. The selected cerium oxide does not cause secondary pollution in the treatment process, the treatment process has simple steps, is fast and efficient, is economical and applicable, does not need high-temperature and high-pressure conditions, belongs to a clean treatment technology, and provides a feasible new technology for restoring the polychlorinated biphenyl polluted soil.
To sum up, according to the mechanochemical method for decomposing polychlorinated biphenyl in soil of the embodiment of the application, firstly, the polychlorinated biphenyl polluted soil is collected, the polychlorinated biphenyl polluted soil is subjected to air drying and crushing treatment to obtain the soil to be repaired, then, the soil to be repaired, cerium oxide and grinding balls are placed into a ball milling tank, and the ball milling tank is placed on a ball mill for ball milling to decompose the polychlorinated biphenyl in the soil to be repaired. Therefore, the method has the advantages of simple and safe operation, low cerium oxide cost, no toxicity, no secondary pollution, high polychlorinated biphenyl degradation efficiency and the like, thereby having good practical application prospect.
In the description of the present application, it is to be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," "circumferential," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the present application and for simplicity in description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are therefore not to be considered limiting of the present application.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present application, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically limited otherwise.
In this application, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can include, for example, fixed connections, removable connections, or integral parts; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art as appropriate.
In this application, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may be directly contacting the first and second features or indirectly contacting the first and second features through intervening media. Also, a first feature "on," "above," and "over" a second feature may be directly on or obliquely above the second feature, or simply mean that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature may be directly under or obliquely under the first feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
In the description herein, reference to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the application. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.
Although embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present application, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations may be made to the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the present application.
Claims (8)
1. A mechanochemical method for decomposing polychlorinated biphenyls in soil, comprising:
collecting polychlorinated biphenyl polluted soil;
carrying out air drying and crushing treatment on the polychlorinated biphenyl polluted soil to obtain soil to be repaired;
and putting the soil to be repaired, cerium oxide and grinding balls into a ball milling tank, and putting the ball milling tank on a ball mill for ball milling to decompose polychlorinated biphenyl in the soil to be repaired.
2. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
obtaining the repaired soil in the ball milling tank after the ball mill is stopped;
and detecting the content of polychlorinated biphenyl in the repaired soil to obtain the content of polychlorinated biphenyl in the repaired soil.
3. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the ball milling tank is placed on a ball mill for ball milling to decompose polychlorinated biphenyl in the soil to be repaired, and the method comprises the following steps:
setting ball milling parameters of the ball mill, and placing the ball milling tank on the ball mill;
and controlling the ball mill according to the ball milling parameters to decompose the polychlorinated biphenyl in the soil to be repaired.
4. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the particle size of the soil to be remediated is less than 0.25mm, and the concentration of polychlorinated biphenyl in the soil to be remediated is between 500 and 1200 mg/kg.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the grinding balls and the ball milling pot are made of stainless steel, and the diameter of the grinding balls is 10mm or 6 mm.
6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the weight ratio of the cerium oxide to the soil to be remediated is between 5% and 10%.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the ball-to-material ratio in the ball mill pot is 30:1, the grinding balls are multiple.
8. The method of claim 3, wherein the ball milling parameters comprise a 500r/min rotation speed of the ball mill, a 1: 2. the ball milling time is any value of 3-12 h and the rotation direction of the ball mill is reversed once every half hour.
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