CN115055355B - Three-lamination type bending vibrator, bending transducer and bandwidth widening method - Google Patents
Three-lamination type bending vibrator, bending transducer and bandwidth widening method Download PDFInfo
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- CN115055355B CN115055355B CN202210594480.3A CN202210594480A CN115055355B CN 115055355 B CN115055355 B CN 115055355B CN 202210594480 A CN202210594480 A CN 202210594480A CN 115055355 B CN115055355 B CN 115055355B
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- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 102
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 96
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- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 119
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- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 115
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 7
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- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B06—GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS IN GENERAL
- B06B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OF INFRASONIC, SONIC, OR ULTRASONIC FREQUENCY, e.g. FOR PERFORMING MECHANICAL WORK IN GENERAL
- B06B1/00—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency
- B06B1/02—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy
- B06B1/06—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy operating with piezoelectric effect or with electrostriction
- B06B1/0607—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy operating with piezoelectric effect or with electrostriction using multiple elements
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B49/00—Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells
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Abstract
The invention discloses a three-lamination type bending vibrator, a bending type transducer and a bandwidth widening method in the technical field of dipole acoustic wave transducers, which comprise a metal substrate, a first lamination structure and a second lamination structure, wherein the first lamination structure and the second lamination structure are arranged on two sides of the width direction of the metal substrate, the first lamination structure comprises a plurality of first piezoelectric ceramic plates which are arranged in parallel, gradually decreased in length and are in insulating connection, the second lamination structure comprises a plurality of second piezoelectric ceramic plates which are arranged in parallel, gradually decreased in length and are in insulating connection, and the polarization directions of the first piezoelectric ceramic plates and the second piezoelectric ceramic plates are the thickness direction of the metal substrate. The invention can sequentially excite the piezoelectric ceramic plates with different lengths to enable the metal substrate to generate bending vibration with different degrees, obtain resonance peaks with different frequencies, and realize the widening of the frequency band of the bending transducer through the mutual combination of the resonance peaks with different frequencies.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of dipole acoustic wave transducers, in particular to a three-lamination type bending vibrator, a bending transducer and a bandwidth widening method.
Background
Acoustic wave vibrators are commonly used in acoustic logging techniques and equipment as an acoustic transducer. The acoustic logging utilizes an acoustic vibrator to excite an acoustic signal, the acoustic wave propagates in an underground stratum medium through the coupling of drilling fluid, and information such as the propagation speed, amplitude attenuation, phase change and the like of the acoustic wave can effectively reflect various geological characteristic parameters of the stratum, so that various geological structures of the stratum are reflected.
When acoustic waves are excited within the wellbore and begin propagating toward the formation outside the well, they propagate in multiple modes based on different formation characteristics, acoustic source patterns, frequencies, etc. The most common sound source forms in acoustic wave detection today are monopole and dipole sound sources. For a monopole sound source, the monopole sound source can excite P waves, S waves and stoneley waves under the high-frequency condition when propagating in a hard stratum; under the low frequency condition, the monopole mainly generates stoneley waves; when propagating in the soft stratum, the high-frequency monopole only generates leakage longitudinal waves; the low frequency monopole produces stoneley waves in addition to leaky longitudinal waves. The dipole sound source is mainly used for generating bending waves, and the bending waves approach to the stratum transverse wave velocity under the low-frequency condition; at high frequencies, the bending wave again approaches the formation stoneley wave velocity. Accordingly, dipole acoustic sources may be effectively used in shear logging in slow formations. In a slow formation, the transverse wave of the slow formation can be effectively measured by utilizing the characteristic of the low-frequency dipole because the transverse wave has no critical reflection angle and the reflection angle of the formation cannot be measured in the well.
The bending transducer is a commonly used low-frequency transducer, which uses bending vibration radiation energy of piezoelectric ceramics, and the bending vibration can obtain lower resonance frequency at the same size compared with longitudinal vibration, and has the characteristic of small-size emission. A typical structure of the bending transducer is a three-laminate vibrator, which includes a metal substrate 110 and first and second piezoelectric ceramic plates 121 and 131 disposed at both sides of the metal substrate 110, as shown in fig. 10; the three-lamination vibrator causes the first piezoelectric ceramic plate 121 and the second piezoelectric ceramic plate 131 to respectively extend and contract in the length direction of the metal substrate 110 by the excitation voltage loaded on the first piezoelectric ceramic plate 121 and the second piezoelectric ceramic plate 131, and further drives the metal substrate 110 to generate bending vibration. However, the three-lamination vibrator is limited by the operation of a single vibration mode, and has narrow bandwidth, so that the practical application is not ideal.
In order to widen the bandwidth of the bending transducer, in recent decades, the industry has backwards developed a bending disc transducer and a combined bending transducer, and the bandwidth is widened by overlapping resonance peaks of a plurality of transducers with different resonance frequencies, but the bending transducer has a larger volume due to the fact that the disc structure or the combination of the plurality of transducers is adopted, and cannot be used for acoustic logging.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention is directed to a three-lamination type bending vibrator, which solves the technical problem of single vibration mode of the existing three-lamination type vibrator.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a three-stack bending vibrator comprising:
a metal substrate;
the first lamination structure is arranged on one side of the thickness direction of the metal substrate, the first lamination structure comprises a plurality of first piezoelectric ceramic plates which are arranged in parallel and are connected in an insulating manner, and the size of the first piezoelectric ceramic plates close to the metal substrate in the length direction of the metal substrate is larger than that of the first piezoelectric ceramic plates far away from the metal substrate in the length direction of the metal substrate;
the second lamination structure is arranged on the other side of the thickness direction of the metal substrate, and comprises a plurality of second piezoelectric ceramic plates which are arranged in parallel and are connected in an insulating manner, and the dimension of the second piezoelectric ceramic plates close to the metal substrate in the length direction of the metal substrate is larger than that of the second piezoelectric ceramic plates far away from the metal substrate in the length direction of the metal substrate;
the polarization direction of the first piezoelectric ceramic piece and the second piezoelectric ceramic piece is the thickness direction of the metal substrate.
Preferably, the first lamination structure comprises 2-4 first piezoelectric ceramic plates, and two adjacent first piezoelectric ceramic plates are fixedly connected through an insulating first epoxy resin bonding layer; the second lamination structure comprises 2-4 second piezoelectric ceramic plates, and two adjacent second piezoelectric ceramic plates are fixedly connected through an insulating second epoxy resin bonding layer in an adhesive mode.
Preferably, the first lamination structure and the second lamination structure are symmetrically arranged at two sides of the thickness direction of the metal substrate.
Preferably, the length of the metal substrate is 150 mm-300 mm, and the lengths of the first piezoelectric ceramic piece and the second piezoelectric ceramic piece are 50 mm-200 mm.
Preferably, a first stress releasing slot is formed in the first lamination structure along the thickness direction of the metal substrate, and a second stress releasing slot is formed in the second lamination structure along the thickness direction of the metal substrate.
Preferably, the first piezoelectric ceramic sheet and/or the second piezoelectric ceramic sheet is any one of piezoelectric ceramic, piezoelectric single crystal, electrostrictive material and magnetostrictive material.
Preferably, the metal substrate is any one of aluminum, copper, a low expansion alloy, an aluminum alloy and steel.
The second object of the invention is to provide a bending transducer, which comprises the three-lamination type bending vibrator and an installation framework, wherein an even number of installation grooves are uniformly distributed on the circumference of the installation framework, and the three-lamination type bending vibrator is installed in the installation grooves in a one-to-one correspondence manner.
Preferably, threaded connection holes are formed in shoulders at two ends of the mounting groove, connection through holes corresponding to the threaded connection holes one by one are formed in two ends of the metal substrate of the three-lamination type bending vibrator in the length direction, and fastening screws arranged in the connection through holes are connected in the threaded connection holes in a threaded mode.
A third object of the present invention is to provide a bandwidth widening method for a bending transducer, which uses the above three-lamination type bending vibrator, comprising the steps of: and exciting each first piezoelectric ceramic plate of the first lamination structure and each second piezoelectric ceramic plate of the second lamination structure in sequence, and simultaneously exciting the first piezoelectric ceramic plate and the second piezoelectric ceramic plate which are equal in distance with the metal substrate.
Preferably, the first piezoelectric ceramic pieces of the first lamination structure and the second piezoelectric ceramic pieces of the second lamination structure are sequentially excited in the thickness direction of the metal substrate.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the invention, the piezoelectric ceramic plates with different lengths are arranged on two sides of the thickness direction of the metal substrate, so that the metal substrate can generate bending vibration with different degrees by sequentially exciting the piezoelectric ceramic plates with different lengths, resonance peaks with different frequencies are obtained, and further, the frequency band of the bending transducer is widened by the mutual combination of the resonance peaks with different frequencies.
2. The invention adopts a three-lamination structure design, widens the bandwidth of the bending transducer by utilizing the mode of mutually combining resonance peaks with different frequencies, can realize low-frequency and multi-resonance radiation under the condition of small size, has the advantages of compact and simple structure, ensures that the bending transducer can be applied to small-diameter engineering drilling, and can realize dipole pointing when the wavelength corresponding to the working frequency is far greater than the dimension of the transducer.
3. The invention adopts a signal control emission mode of sequential excitation, so that the bending vibrator can work at each resonant frequency and radiate maximum energy, and is very suitable for acoustic detection of the offshore geological foundation engineering investigation site, such as environments of serious formation weathering, serious high-frequency sound wave attenuation, smaller engineering drilling and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front view of a three-stack flexural vibrator of this invention;
FIG. 2 is a side view of a three-stack bending vibrator of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is one of the perspective views of the three-stack flexural vibrator of this invention;
FIG. 4 is a second perspective view of a three-stack flexural vibrator of this invention;
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a curved transducer of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic perspective view of a curved transducer of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the mounting backbone;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the electric field excitation of a three-stack flexural vibrator of this invention;
FIG. 9 is a view showing a use state of the three-lamination type bending vibrator according to the present invention;
fig. 10 is a schematic view of a three-lamination bending vibrator.
The reference numerals in the drawings illustrate:
100. three-lamination type bending vibrator;
110. a metal substrate; 111. a connecting through hole;
120. a first lamination stack; 121. a first piezoelectric ceramic sheet; 122. a first epoxy adhesive layer; 123. a first force release slot;
130. a second lamination stack; 131. a second piezoelectric ceramic sheet; 132. a second epoxy adhesive layer; 133. a second force release slot;
200. installing a framework; 210. a mounting groove; 220. a threading hole; 230. a threaded connection hole;
300. a fastening screw;
400. a ground control system;
500. a downhole controller;
600. alternating current;
700. an electronic component.
Detailed Description
The following describes the embodiments of the present invention in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These embodiments are merely illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to be limiting.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.
Furthermore, in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise indicated, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more.
1-3, a three-stack bending vibrator, comprising:
the metal substrate 110, the metal substrate 110 is rectangular, and the two ends of the metal substrate 110 in the thickness direction are respectively provided with a first flat bonding surface and a second flat bonding surface.
A first lamination stack 120 disposed at one side of the metal substrate 110 in the thickness direction, that is, fixedly disposed on a first bonding surface of the metal substrate 110; the first lamination structure 120 includes a plurality of first piezoceramic sheets 121 disposed in parallel and connected in an insulating manner, and the dimension of the first piezoceramic sheets 121 near the metal substrate 110 in the length direction of the metal substrate 110 is greater than the dimension of the first piezoceramic sheets 121 far from the metal substrate 110 in the length direction of the metal substrate 110.
A second lamination stack 130, the second lamination stack 130 being disposed on the other side of the thickness direction of the metal substrate 110, that is, fixedly disposed on a second bonding surface of the metal substrate 110; the second lamination structure 130 includes a plurality of second piezoceramic sheets 131 disposed in parallel and connected in an insulating manner, and the second piezoceramic sheets 131 adjacent to the metal substrate 110 have a greater dimension in the length direction of the metal substrate 110 than the second piezoceramic sheets 131 distant from the metal substrate 110.
The polarization directions of the first piezoelectric ceramic sheet 121 and the second piezoelectric ceramic sheet 131 are the thickness direction of the metal substrate 110.
The first piezoelectric ceramic plates 121 and the second piezoelectric ceramic plates 131 with different lengths are arranged on two sides of the thickness direction of the metal substrate 110, the first piezoelectric ceramic plates 121 and the second piezoelectric ceramic plates 131 with different lengths are sequentially excited, so that the metal substrate 110 generates bending vibration with different degrees, resonance peaks with different frequencies are obtained, and further, bandwidth of the bending transducer is widened through mutual combination among the resonance peaks with different frequencies, and meanwhile, the bending transducer has the advantages of being compact in structure and small in size.
In a specific embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 and 3, the first lamination structure 120 includes 2-4 first piezoelectric ceramic plates 121, and a first epoxy adhesive layer 122 is disposed between two adjacent first piezoelectric ceramic plates 121, and the first piezoelectric ceramic plates 121 or the metal substrate 110 are fixedly connected by curing the insulating epoxy resin; the second lamination structure 130 comprises 2-4 second piezoelectric ceramic plates 131, a second epoxy resin bonding layer 132 is arranged between two adjacent second piezoelectric ceramic plates 131, and the second piezoelectric ceramic plates 131 are fixedly connected with the second piezoelectric ceramic plates 131 or the metal substrate 110 through the solidification of insulating epoxy resin; meanwhile, the number of the first piezoelectric ceramic pieces 121 is equal to the number of the second piezoelectric ceramic pieces 131.
This is so arranged because: when the bending vibrator with the three-lamination structure of different specifications (mainly the length dimensions of the metal substrate 110 and the piezoelectric ceramic plates) vibrates, resonance peaks with different frequencies can be obtained, so that a plurality of first piezoelectric ceramic plates 121 and second piezoelectric ceramic plates 131 which are arranged in parallel are arranged on the side face of the metal substrate 110, and the two adjacent first piezoelectric ceramic plates 121 or second piezoelectric ceramic plates 131 are fixedly connected through a first epoxy resin bonding layer 122 or a second epoxy resin bonding layer 132, and the bending vibration of different degrees can be generated by exciting the first piezoelectric ceramic plates 121 and the second piezoelectric ceramic plates 131 with different lengths in sequence, so that resonance peaks with different frequencies can be obtained, and the frequency band of the bending vibrator can be widened through the combination of the resonance peaks with different frequencies.
More preferably, as shown in fig. 1 and 3, the first lamination 120 and the second lamination 130 are disposed on both sides of the thickness direction of the metal base sheet 110 in a center symmetrical and/or mirror symmetrical manner. This is so arranged because: the vibration principle of the three-lamination type bending vibrator 100 is: by exciting the first piezoelectric ceramic sheet 121 and the second piezoelectric ceramic sheet 131 having the same or opposite polarization directions with an electric field, the first piezoelectric ceramic sheet 121 is extended in the longitudinal direction, and at the same time, the second piezoelectric ceramic sheet 131 is contracted in the longitudinal direction (or the first piezoelectric ceramic sheet 121 is contracted in the longitudinal direction, and at the same time, the second piezoelectric ceramic sheet 131 is extended in the longitudinal direction), so that the metal substrate 110 between the first piezoelectric ceramic sheet 121 and the second piezoelectric ceramic sheet is driven to bend and vibrate to one side. The first lamination stack 120 and the second lamination stack 130 are symmetrically disposed at both sides of the thickness direction of the metal base sheet 110 so that bending vibration of the metal base sheet 110 occurs. Meanwhile, the first lamination structure 120 and the second lamination structure 130 adopt mirror symmetry structures, so that when the first piezoelectric ceramic piece 121 or the second piezoelectric ceramic piece 131 stretches in the length direction, not only the metal substrate 110 can be accurately driven to generate bending vibration, but also the two ends of the metal substrate 110 can synchronously vibrate in a bending mode.
In a specific embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 and 3, the length of the metal substrate 110 is 150mm to 300mm, the lengths of the first piezoelectric ceramic sheet 121 and the second piezoelectric ceramic sheet 131 are 50mm to 200mm, and the length of the metal substrate 110 is greater than the lengths of the first piezoelectric ceramic sheet 121 and the second piezoelectric ceramic sheet 131; the lengths of the first piezoelectric ceramic sheet 121 and the second piezoelectric ceramic sheet 131 gradually decrease from inside to outside in the thickness direction of the metal substrate 110; meanwhile, the width of the metal substrate 110 should be not less than the widths of the first and second piezoelectric ceramic sheets 121 and 131. Specifically, the width of the metal substrate 110 is 30 mm-50 mm, and the thickness is 2.5 mm-3.5 mm; the first and second piezoelectric ceramic plates 121 and 131 have a width of 30mm to 50mm and a thickness of 2.5mm to 3.5mm.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, connecting through holes 111 for detachably connecting with the mounting frame 200 are provided at both ends of the metal substrate 110 in the length direction. This is so arranged because: when the three-lamination type bending vibrator 100 is fixedly installed, two ends of the metal substrate 110 are required to be connected with the installation framework 200, and the metal substrate 110 is provided with the connecting through holes 111, so that the metal substrate 110 and the installation framework 200 can be quickly and fixedly connected through the fastening screws 300.
More preferably, the first piezoelectric ceramic sheet 121 and/or the second piezoelectric ceramic sheet 131 is any one of piezoelectric ceramics, piezoelectric single crystals, electrostrictive materials, and magnetostrictive materials; the metal substrate 110 is any one of aluminum, copper, a low expansion alloy, an aluminum alloy, and steel.
In a specific embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, a first force release slot 123 is disposed on the first lamination structure 120 along the thickness direction of the metal substrate 110, and the first force release slot 123 penetrates through the entire first lamination structure 120 along the thickness direction of the metal substrate 110 and divides the first lamination structure 120 into two parts that are mirror symmetry; the second lamination 130 is provided with a second force release slot 133 along the thickness direction of the metal substrate 110, and the second force release slot 133 penetrates the whole second lamination 130 along the thickness direction of the metal substrate 110 and divides the second lamination 130 into two parts which are mirror symmetry. This is so arranged because: the metal substrate 110 and the first and second piezoelectric ceramic plates 121 and 131 on both sides are fixed by epoxy resin bonding, and in the bonding process, the lamination and the pressure application are needed to perform one-step molding, but the piezoelectric ceramic plates are thin and brittle, so that the piezoelectric ceramic plates are easy to break in the bonding process, and the production cost of the three-lamination bending vibrator 100 is increased; in addition, in the actual operation, the three-laminate bending vibrator 100 integrally bonded to each other is liable to break when the piezoelectric ceramic sheets are subjected to bending vibration. However, a tiny crack is arranged on each layer of piezoelectric ceramic sheet, so that the compressive stress applied to the piezoelectric ceramic sheet during bonding can be released, and the piezoelectric ceramic sheet is not easy to break during bonding and working, thereby prolonging the service life of the piezoelectric ceramic sheet; meanwhile, the piezoelectric ceramic plate with smaller length dimension is easy to process and shape.
As shown in fig. 5, 6 and 7, an embodiment of a bending transducer includes the three-lamination type bending vibrator 100 and the mounting frame 200, where an even number of mounting slots 210 are uniformly distributed on the circumference of the mounting frame 200, and the three-lamination type bending vibrator 100 is mounted in the mounting slots 210 in a one-to-one correspondence. Wherein the number of the mounting grooves 210 is 2 or 4, the mounting grooves 210 are rectangular grooves provided along the axial direction of the mounting backbone 200, and the mounting grooves 210 are provided with shoulders for fixing the three-lamination type bending vibrator 100. This is so arranged because: after an even number of three-lamination type bending vibrators 100 are uniformly distributed on the circumference of the installation framework 200, the three-lamination type bending vibrators 100 which are oppositely arranged can vibrate inwards or outwards simultaneously through adjustment of the installation direction and the excitation direction of the three-lamination type bending vibrators 100 so as to realize dipole radiation in one direction.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 6, screw coupling holes 230 are provided at shoulders at both ends of the installation groove 210 in the length direction, the three-laminated bending vibrator 100 is accommodated in the installation groove 210, both ends of the metal substrate 110 in the length direction are overlapped on the shoulders of the installation groove 210, and the coupling through holes 111 on the metal substrate 110 are aligned with the screw coupling holes 230, and the three-laminated bending vibrator 100 is fixedly installed on the installation frame 200 by fastening screws 300 screw-coupled in the screw coupling holes 230.
More preferably, as shown in fig. 5 and 6, the installation frame 200 may be made of aluminum alloy, titanium alloy, steel, copper, tungsten alloy, and stainless steel, and the installation frame 200 is hollow to form a threading hole 220 for receiving a wire; meanwhile, the mounting frame 200 may also prevent the vibration of the three-lamination type bending vibrator 100 from being affected by the hollow design.
An embodiment, a bandwidth widening method for a bending transducer, which uses the three-lamination bending vibrator, includes the following steps: the first piezoelectric ceramic pieces 121 of the first lamination structure 120 and the second piezoelectric ceramic pieces 131 of the second lamination structure 130 are sequentially excited in the thickness direction of the metal substrate 110, and the first piezoelectric ceramic pieces 121 and the second piezoelectric ceramic pieces 131 which are equidistant from the metal substrate 110 need to be excited simultaneously. This is so arranged because: the lengths of the plurality of first piezoelectric ceramic pieces 121 and the plurality of second piezoelectric ceramic pieces 131 on the side surface of the metal substrate 110 are different, and when the first piezoelectric ceramic pieces 121 or the second piezoelectric ceramic pieces 131 with different lengths are subjected to electric field excitation, the metal substrate 110 is caused to generate bending vibration with different degrees, resonance peaks with different frequencies are further generated, and by sequentially carrying out electric field excitation on the first piezoelectric ceramic pieces 121 or the second piezoelectric ceramic pieces 131 with different lengths, the frequency band of the bending transducer can be widened through the combination of the resonance peaks with different frequencies.
Referring to the embodiment, the three-lamination type bending vibrator, the bending transducer and the bandwidth widening method are as follows:
1. material preparation:
pre-processing LY12 aluminum alloy plate with the dimensions of 154mm multiplied by 38mm multiplied by 3.4mm as the metal substrate 110 for standby; and (3) preprocessing two PZT-4 piezoelectric ceramic plates with the dimensions of 75mm multiplied by 35mm multiplied by 3.0mm and two PZT-4 piezoelectric ceramic plates with the dimensions of 100mm multiplied by 35mm multiplied by 3.0mm for standby.
2. Assembling a three-lamination type bending vibrator:
as shown in FIG. 5, two PZT-4 piezoelectric ceramic sheets of 100 mm. Times.35 mm. Times.3.0 mm were bonded and fixed to both ends in the thickness direction of a metal substrate 110 of 154 mm. Times.38 mm. Times.3.4 mm in size, respectively, by means of an insulating epoxy resin, and two PZT-4 piezoelectric ceramic sheets of 75 mm. Times.35 mm. Times.3.0 mm in size were bonded and fixed to the other sides of the two PZT-4 piezoelectric ceramic sheets of 100 mm. Times.35 mm. Times.3.0 mm in size, respectively, by means of an insulating epoxy resin.
In the multi-layer lamination bonding process, care needs to be taken that the polarization direction and the electric field excitation direction of the first piezoelectric ceramic piece 121 and the second piezoelectric ceramic piece 131 need to be satisfied, and when the electric field excitation is performed on the first piezoelectric ceramic piece 121 and the second piezoelectric ceramic piece 131, the first piezoelectric ceramic piece 121 and the second piezoelectric ceramic piece 131 which are equidistant from the metal substrate 110 can drive the metal substrate 110 to bend and vibrate in the same direction. As shown in fig. 8, when the polarization directions of the first piezoelectric ceramic plates 121 and the second piezoelectric ceramic plates 131 are the same (the directions of arrows in the drawing), the upper electrode surfaces of the two first piezoelectric ceramic plates 121 are shorted with the lower electrode surfaces of the two second piezoelectric ceramic plates 131 as one electrode p1 of the bending transducer, and the lower electrode surfaces of the first piezoelectric ceramic plates 121 and the upper electrode surfaces of the second piezoelectric ceramic plates 131 are shorted with the other electrode p2 of the bending transducer. For the first piezoelectric ceramic sheet 121 and the second piezoelectric ceramic sheet 131 close to the metal substrate 110, when the p1 electrode is connected to the positive electrode and the p2 electrode is connected to the negative electrode, the first piezoelectric ceramic sheet 121 contracts and the second piezoelectric ceramic sheet 131 stretches, which will cause the metal substrate 110 to bend upward; when the directions of the p1 and p2 electrodes are reversed, the first piezoelectric ceramic plate 121 is stretched and the second piezoelectric ceramic plate 131 is compressed, so that the metal substrate 110 is bent downwards, two resonance peaks are generated in the process, and acoustic signals with two frequencies are radiated. Similarly, for the first piezoelectric ceramic sheet 121 and the second piezoelectric ceramic sheet 131 far from the metal substrate 110, the first piezoelectric ceramic sheet 121, the second piezoelectric ceramic sheet 131 and the metal substrate 110 therebetween are equivalent to the metal substrate 110 with increased thickness, and when the p1 electrode is connected to the positive electrode and the p2 electrode is connected to the negative electrode, the metal substrate 110 is bent upward; when the p1 and p2 electrodes are reversed, the metal substrate 110 is bent downwards, two resonance peaks are generated in the whole excitation process, and acoustic wave signals with other two frequencies are radiated. Therefore, by providing a plurality of piezoelectric ceramic sheets on the metal substrate 110 and sequentially exciting the piezoelectric ceramic sheets by an electric field, a plurality of resonance peaks can be generated and acoustic wave signals of a plurality of frequencies can be excited.
3. Bandwidth broadening:
when the three-lamination type flexural vibrator 100 is subjected to electric field excitation, the first piezoelectric ceramic piece 121 and the second piezoelectric ceramic piece 131 may be subjected to electric field excitation sequentially from far to near in the thickness direction of the metal substrate 110, or the first piezoelectric ceramic piece 121 and the second piezoelectric ceramic piece 131 may be subjected to electric field excitation sequentially from near to far. Such as: two PZT-4 piezoelectric ceramic plates with the dimensions of 75mm multiplied by 35mm multiplied by 3.0mm are subjected to electric field excitation through a P1 electrode to enable the metal substrate 110 to generate upward bending vibration, and then two PZT-4 piezoelectric ceramic plates with the dimensions of 100mm multiplied by 35mm multiplied by 3.0mm are subjected to electric field excitation through a P1 electrode to enable the metal substrate 110 to generate upward bending vibration.
The principle of widening the frequency band of the bending transducer in the present application is as follows:
the laminated piezoelectric ceramic plates are adhered to two sides of the metal substrate 110 in the thickness direction, when alternating current is loaded, each layer of piezoelectric ceramic plate on two sides of the metal substrate 110 can excite 2 resonance peaks, and the two layers of piezoelectric ceramic plates are intersected with a traditional classical three-lamination structure, and as only a single piezoelectric ceramic plate is arranged on two sides of the metal substrate 110, only 2 resonance peaks can be excited; when the laminated piezoelectric ceramic plates are excited by an electric field, 4, 6 or 8 resonance peaks with different frequencies can be excited, and the bandwidth of the whole bending transducer can be expanded through the mutual superposition of a plurality of resonance peaks. Meanwhile, the frequency of the three-lamination bending vibrator can be modulated to a low-frequency state (within 1 kHz) by adjusting the length of the metal substrate 110, so that the multi-resonance-peak operation (broadband) and low-frequency detection requirements of the acoustic detection instrument can be realized by controlling the working mode of the three-lamination bending vibrator, and the requirements of better adaptability and farther low-frequency detection of the acoustic detection instrument for the shallow surface stratum can be met as far as possible.
Compared with the prior art, the application has the following beneficial technical effects:
the bending transducer in the application adopts a three-lamination structure for design, has the advantages of small size, high sensitivity and high temperature and high pressure resistance, and is very suitable for acoustic logging.
The multi-layer lamination structure is adopted as a basic module for design, bending wave efficient radiation of low frequency and multiple resonance peaks can be realized under a small size, meanwhile, the multi-layer lamination structure is compact in design, and the multi-layer lamination structure is very suitable for underground installation of a shallow surface layer drilling (such as offshore wind power exploration engineering drilling and the like) acoustic wave detection instrument, and high-power bending vibration performance of a transducer under high-voltage excitation is considered during design, so that the multi-layer lamination structure is very suitable for extraction of transverse wave signals.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that modifications and substitutions can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the technical principles of the present invention, and these modifications and substitutions should also be considered as being within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A three-lamination type bending vibrator, comprising:
a metal substrate (110);
the first lamination structure (120) is arranged on one side of the thickness direction of the metal substrate (110), the first lamination structure (120) comprises a plurality of first piezoelectric ceramic plates (121) which are arranged in parallel and are connected in an insulating manner, and the size of the first piezoelectric ceramic plates (121) which are close to the metal substrate (110) in the length direction of the metal substrate (110) is larger than the size of the first piezoelectric ceramic plates (121) which are far away from the metal substrate (110) in the length direction of the metal substrate (110);
the second lamination structure (130) is arranged on the other side of the thickness direction of the metal substrate (110), the second lamination structure (130) comprises a plurality of second piezoelectric ceramic plates (131) which are arranged in parallel and are connected in an insulating manner, and the dimension of the second piezoelectric ceramic plates (131) close to the metal substrate (110) in the length direction of the metal substrate (110) is larger than that of the second piezoelectric ceramic plates (131) far away from the metal substrate (110) in the length direction of the metal substrate (110);
wherein, the polarization direction of the first piezoelectric ceramic sheet (121) and the second piezoelectric ceramic sheet (131) is the thickness direction of the metal substrate (110).
2. The three-lamination type bending vibrator according to claim 1, wherein the first lamination structure (120) comprises 2-4 first piezoelectric ceramic plates (121), and two adjacent first piezoelectric ceramic plates (121) are fixedly connected by bonding through an insulating first epoxy resin bonding layer (122); the second lamination structure (130) comprises 2-4 second piezoelectric ceramic plates (131), and two adjacent second piezoelectric ceramic plates (131) are fixedly connected through an insulating second epoxy resin bonding layer (132) in an adhesive mode.
3. A three-lamination type bending vibrator according to claim 2, wherein the first lamination (120) and the second lamination (130) are symmetrically disposed on both sides of the thickness direction of the metal base sheet (110).
4. A three-laminated bending vibrator according to claim 2, wherein the length of the metal substrate (110) is 150mm to 300mm, and the lengths of the first piezoelectric ceramic sheet (121) and the second piezoelectric ceramic sheet (131) are 50mm to 200mm.
5. The three-lamination type bending vibrator according to claim 1, wherein a first stress release slit (123) is formed in the first lamination structure (120) along the thickness direction of the metal substrate (110), and a second stress release slit (133) is formed in the second lamination structure (130) along the thickness direction of the metal substrate (110).
6. The three-laminate bending vibrator according to any one of claims 1-5, wherein the first piezoelectric ceramic sheet (121) and/or the second piezoelectric ceramic sheet (131) is any one of piezoelectric ceramic, piezoelectric single crystal, electrostrictive material and magnetostrictive material; the metal substrate (110) is any one of aluminum, copper, a low expansion alloy, an aluminum alloy, and steel.
7. A bending transducer comprising a three-stack bending vibrator (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 6, further comprising a mounting skeleton (200), wherein an even number of mounting grooves (210) are uniformly distributed on the circumference of the mounting skeleton (200), and the three-stack bending vibrator (100) is mounted in the mounting grooves (210) in a one-to-one correspondence.
8. The bending transducer according to claim 7, wherein the shoulders at both ends of the mounting groove (210) are provided with screw-coupling holes (230), and both ends in the longitudinal direction of the metal substrate (110) of the three-lamination bending vibrator (100) are provided with coupling through holes (111) corresponding to the screw-coupling holes (230) one by one, and the fastening screw (300) provided in the coupling through holes (111) is screw-coupled in the screw-coupling holes (230).
9. A method of widening the bandwidth of a bending transducer using a three-stack bending vibrator (100) as claimed in any one of claims 1-6, comprising the steps of: and exciting each first piezoelectric ceramic piece (121) of the first lamination structure (120) and each second piezoelectric ceramic piece (131) of the second lamination structure (130) in sequence, and simultaneously exciting the first piezoelectric ceramic piece (121) and the second piezoelectric ceramic piece (131) which are equal in distance from the metal substrate (110).
10. A method of widening the bandwidth of a bending transducer as recited in claim 9, characterized in that each first piezoceramic sheet (121) of the first lamination (120) and each second piezoceramic sheet (131) of the second lamination (130) are excited sequentially in the thickness direction of the metal substrate (110).
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| CN103611671A (en) * | 2013-11-29 | 2014-03-05 | 苏州衡业新材料科技有限公司 | Piezoelectric ceramic vibrator driven by low voltage |
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| CN215187369U (en) * | 2020-12-17 | 2021-12-14 | 广东捷成科创电子股份有限公司 | Multi-layer double-sided lead-free piezoelectric audio frequency element |
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| US10632500B2 (en) * | 2016-05-10 | 2020-04-28 | Invensense, Inc. | Ultrasonic transducer with a non-uniform membrane |
| JP7327006B2 (en) * | 2019-08-30 | 2023-08-16 | Tdk株式会社 | vibration device |
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| CN103611671A (en) * | 2013-11-29 | 2014-03-05 | 苏州衡业新材料科技有限公司 | Piezoelectric ceramic vibrator driven by low voltage |
| CN104289410A (en) * | 2014-09-16 | 2015-01-21 | 张家港市玉同电子科技有限公司 | Piezoelectric ceramic vibrator |
| CN215187369U (en) * | 2020-12-17 | 2021-12-14 | 广东捷成科创电子股份有限公司 | Multi-layer double-sided lead-free piezoelectric audio frequency element |
| CN112871612A (en) * | 2020-12-19 | 2021-06-01 | 复旦大学 | Piezoelectric micromachined ultrasonic transducer with multiple piezoelectric layers |
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