CN115055038A

CN115055038A - Method for preparing degradable air purification material by hydrolyzing waste feather through microbiological method

Info

Publication number: CN115055038A
Application number: CN202210625995.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李清心; 冯莉; 吴金川
Original assignee: Institute of Biological and Medical Engineering of Guangdong Academy of Sciences
Current assignee: Institute of Biological and Medical Engineering of Guangdong Academy of Sciences
Priority date: 2022-06-02
Filing date: 2022-06-02
Publication date: 2022-09-16
Anticipated expiration: 2042-06-02
Also published as: CN115055038B

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for preparing a degradable air purification material by hydrolyzing waste feathers by a microbiological method. S1: washing the waste feather with clear water, drying the waste feather by an oven, puffing the waste feather by an extrusion puffing machine, crushing and sieving the waste feather to obtain pretreated puffed feather powder; s2: hydrolyzing the puffed feather powder obtained in the step S1 by a microbiological method to obtain hydrolysate containing polypeptide, oligopeptide and amino acid; s3: and (5) sterilizing the hydrolysate obtained in the step (S2), adding a gelling agent, uniformly stirring, and standing to obtain the degradable air purification material. The gel is added to prepare the hydrolysate into the air purification material, so that the adsorption effect on formaldehyde is increased, and the formaldehyde adsorbed on the gel material reacts with amino groups of amino acid to generate hydroxymethyl derivatives, thereby achieving the effect of irreversibly removing the formaldehyde.

Description

Method for preparing degradable air purification material by hydrolyzing waste feather through microbiological method

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of air purification, and particularly relates to a method for preparing a degradable air purification material by hydrolyzing waste feathers by a microbiological method.

Background

In recent years, with the rapid development of economy in China, people have higher requirements on living environment. However, the use of a large amount of building materials and finishing materials causes pollution to the indoor environment and seriously harms the health of people. At present, the indoor pollution gas mainly comprises formaldehyde, benzene, ammonia, TVOC and the like, wherein the formaldehyde is determined to be carcinogenic and teratogenic substances, and can stimulate skin mucosa to cause symptoms such as mucosal congestion and allergic dermatitis, and the formaldehyde is frequently inhaled by a human body to cause chronic poisoning. At present, the formaldehyde removal mode mainly comprises an adsorption type and a catalytic oxidation type, the purification efficiency of the adsorption type is low, the balance is quickly achieved, and air pollutants are difficult to completely remove; the catalytic oxidation type air purifying material has high cost, and the introduction of chemical reagents can cause secondary pollution to the environment, so the existing air purifying material cannot well improve the indoor living environment. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a green, cheap, novel, efficient, recyclable and degradable air purification material to improve the quality of the living environment of people.

Feathers are keratinized products derived from the epidermal cells of poultry and are the main source of solid waste from the breeding industry. The feather contains more than 90% of protein, is rich in various amino acids and growth factors, and is discarded at will, so that not only is the resource waste caused, but also the environmental pollution is caused. Because the feather contains high protein and amino acid, the feather is mainly applied to preparing animal feed additives at present, but the utilization rate of the waste feather in the aspect of animal feed is less than 10 percent due to the low content of essential amino acid. However, amino active functional groups on proteins and amino acids in the waste feathers can react with formaldehyde to generate hydroxymethyl derivatives, so that the waste feathers can be developed into an air purification material. However, the waste feather keratin has a stable structure and is not easy to hydrolyze, and the existing method capable of efficiently degrading feathers is a strong acid and strong alkali method, so that not only amino acid is damaged, but also secondary pollution to the environment is caused. Therefore, a green, efficient and low-cost method is needed to be found for sufficiently converting the waste feather into the hydrolysate with higher content of the amino active functional groups.

Disclosure of Invention

Based on the method, the defects of the existing product are overcome, and the method for preparing the degradable air purification material by hydrolyzing the waste feather through the microbiological method is provided. The method not only realizes the value-added utilization of the waste feather, but also has the advantages of low energy consumption, environmental protection, no pollution, simple and convenient operation in the whole process, and extremely friendly environment, and can be industrially popularized.

The method for preparing the degradable air purification material by hydrolyzing the waste feather by the microbiological method comprises the following steps:

s1: washing the waste feather with clear water, drying the waste feather by an oven, puffing the waste feather by an extrusion puffing machine, crushing and sieving the waste feather to obtain pretreated puffed feather powder;

s2: hydrolyzing the puffed feather powder obtained in the step S1 by a microbiological method to obtain hydrolysate containing polypeptide, oligopeptide and amino acid;

s3: and (5) sterilizing the hydrolysate obtained in the step (S2), adding a gelling agent, uniformly stirring, and standing to obtain the degradable air purification material.

Preferably, the drying in step S1 is performed at a drying temperature of 60-80 ℃ for 24-72 h.

Preferably, the feather powder obtained after sieving is 100-200 meshes.

Preferably, the microbiological hydrolysis in step S2 is performed by any microorganism capable of degrading feathers, such as Bacillus, Flavobacterium or mold.

Further preferably, the step of microbial hydrolysis is:

s01: weighing 0.3-1g NaCl and 0.5-0.8g KH ₂ PO ₄ ，0.2-0.6g K ₂ HPO ₄ 20-60g of glucose and 1-2L of distilled water are stirred to dissolve and uniformly mix all the substances, and then 0.4-5.0mol/L of NaOH is used for adjusting the pH value of the mixed solution to 7-11;

s02: weighing puffed feather powder, adding into the mixed solution obtained in step S01, and making into feather powder culture solution with concentration of 20-200 g/L;

s03: culturing the bacillus to a stationary phase by adopting nutrient gravy or LB culture medium.

S04: adding the bacillus subtilis liquid in the stationary phase into the feather meal culture solution in the step S02, wherein the inoculation amount is 2-100mL/L, the temperature is 30-50 ℃, and the time is 24-48h, so as to obtain hydrolysate containing polypeptide, oligopeptide and amino acid.

Preferably, the bacillus comprises one or more of bacillus licheniformis and bacillus subtilis.

The hydrolysis rate of the hydrolysate in the step S2 is 60-90%.

Preferably, the sterilization temperature in step S3 is 60-80 ℃.

Preferably, the content of the gelling agent in the step S3 is 1-20% by mass;

preferably, the gelling agent comprises one or more of sodium alginate, gelatin, pectin, carrageenan and agarose.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. compared with the existing method of singly using puffing and hydrolyzing feather by strong acid and strong alkali, the method adopts the puffing method to pretreat the feather and then utilizes the microbiological method to hydrolyze the feather, so that the environmental hazard caused by chemical reagents is avoided, the hydrolysis degree of the waste feather is greatly improved, the removal rate of formaldehyde is increased, and the method is more suitable for removing high-concentration formaldehyde in industrial waste gas. According to the invention, the air purification material is prepared from the hydrolysate by adding the gelling agent, so that the adsorption effect on formaldehyde is increased, and meanwhile, the formaldehyde adsorbed on the gel material reacts with amino groups of amino acid to generate hydroxymethyl derivatives, thereby achieving the effect of irreversibly removing formaldehyde.

2. Compared with the existing formaldehyde removal raw material source, the raw material used in the invention is the waste feather, so that the problem that the waste feather pollutes the environment is solved, the waste feather is recycled, and the product cost is reduced.

3. The raw materials used in the invention are cheap and easily available; the preparation process is green and simple; the materials after absorbing the formaldehyde can also be composted and returned to the field by adopting a microbiological method, so that not only is the waste value added and utilized, but also zero emission of pollutants in the whole production and treatment process is realized.

Description of the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a sample diagram of comparative example 1;

FIG. 2 is a sample graph of example 2;

FIG. 3 is a graph showing the relationship between Bacillus and feather hydrolysis rate and formaldehyde removal rate.

Detailed Description

The following examples further illustrate the invention, but are only given by way of illustration to clearly illustrate the invention and should not be construed as limiting the invention. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. This need not be, nor should it be exhaustive of all embodiments. And it is expressly intended that all such modifications or alterations to the methods, processes or conditions of the present invention as come within the scope of the invention are desired to be protected.

Example 1:

1. the method comprises the steps of washing the waste duck feathers collected on the farm with clear water, drying the duck feathers in an oven at 80 ℃ for 48 hours, then puffing the duck feathers by an extrusion puffing machine, crushing and sieving the duck feathers to obtain the pretreated puffed feather powder with the particle size of 100-mesh and 200-mesh.

2. Weighing 0.3g NaCl and 0.6g KH ₂ PO ₄ ，0.3g K ₂ HPO ₄ 60g of glucose and 1L of distilled water are stirred to dissolve and mix the substances evenly, and the pH value of the mixed solution is adjusted to 9 by using 5mol/L NaOH.

3. Weighing the puffed feather powder obtained in the step 1), adding the puffed feather powder into the mixed solution obtained in the step 2), and preparing the feather powder culture solution with the concentration of 20 g/L.

4. Bacillus licheniformis ACCC 10236 is cultured to stationary phase by LB culture medium.

5. Adding bacillus licheniformis liquid in the stationary phase into the feather powder culture solution in the step 3), wherein the inoculation amount is 2 mL/L.

6. And (3) placing the mixed solution in a constant-temperature shaking table at 37 ℃ and 180 ℃ for hydrolysis reaction for 24 hours to obtain hydrolysate containing polypeptide, oligopeptide and amino acid.

7. And (3) filtering the hydrolyzed solution, drying filter residues at 80 ℃ to constant weight, weighing the residual solid, and calculating the hydrolysis rate of the feather by a difference weight method.

8. Measuring 20mL of the hydrolysis filtrate, sterilizing in a 70 ℃ water bath, cooling to room temperature, slowly adding 1.5g of sodium alginate into the hydrolysis filtrate, stirring while adding the sodium alginate, uniformly mixing, and standing at room temperature for 1h to obtain the degradable air purification material (gel), which is marked as number 1.

Example 2

The waste feathers obtained in the step 1) in the example 1 are washed clean by clear water, dried by an oven at 60 ℃ for 48 hours and then directly used without being puffed, the rest is the same as the example 1, the obtained material is the number 2, and the appearance is shown in figure 2.

Example 3

This example is essentially the same as example 1 except that Bacillus licheniformis ACCC 10236 is replaced by Bacillus licheniformis ACCC 10146, Bacillus licheniformis ACCC 20030 or Bacillus licheniformis ACCC 22396.

Comparative example 1

Preparation of blank gel Material

Slowly adding 1.5g of sodium alginate into 20mL of deionized water at room temperature, stirring while adding to dissolve uniformly and completely, and standing for 1h to obtain blank gel, the shape of which is shown in figure 1.

Performance test

To test the formaldehyde removal performance of the gels prepared according to the invention and the comparative gels, the invention provides the following test experiments:

1. experimental methods

The blank gel of comparative example 1 and the gel materials of test examples 1, 2 and 3 were each placed at an initial concentration of 180mg/m ³ In the sealed organic glass box body, the formaldehyde concentration of the box body at the beginning of the test is detected at normal temperature and normal pressure, sampling is carried out every 2h, the concentration of formaldehyde in the box body is detected, and the removal rate of formaldehyde is calculated.

The detection method is based on: the purification effect of the product is measured according to GB/T15516-1995 air quality-formaldehyde measurement-acetylacetone spectrophotometry.

2. Test results

The results of the test set gel numbers 1-2, the material of example 3, and the blank gel 48h formaldehyde removal test of comparative example 1 are shown in table 1 and figure 3 below:

TABLE 1

Entry	Number 1	Number 2	Comparative example 1
				Rate of hydrolysis	62.3％	11.5％	/
Removal rate of formaldehyde	99.2％	49.6％	41.0％

As can be seen from the data of the detection results in the above table 1 and fig. 3, the gel material prepared by the invention can efficiently remove high-concentration formaldehyde at room temperature, can be directly applied to the adsorption of formaldehyde in industrial wastes, and is a product with industrial application prospect.

It is clear that the invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and that all embodiments without innovative changes and studies can be made without any intention to produce other products in various forms within the scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a degradable air purification material by hydrolyzing waste feathers by a microbiological method is characterized by comprising the following steps:

2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the drying in step S1 is carried out at a drying temperature of 60-80 ℃ for 24-72 hours.

3. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the sieving is performed to obtain feather meal of 100-200 mesh.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein the microbial hydrolysis of step S2 is hydrolysis with bacillus, flavobacterium, or mold.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of microbiologically hydrolyzing comprises:

6. The method of claim 5, wherein the Bacillus comprises one or more of Bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus subtilis.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein the sterilizing of step S3 is performed at a temperature of 60-80 ℃.

8. The method according to claim 1, wherein the gelling agent in step S3 is present in an amount of 1-20% by mass.

9. The method according to claim 1, wherein the gelling agent is one or more of sodium alginate, gelatin, pectin, carrageenan and agarose.