CN115055033A - Desulfurization method of flue gas type inert gas for ship - Google Patents
Desulfurization method of flue gas type inert gas for ship Download PDFInfo
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- CN115055033A CN115055033A CN202210178764.4A CN202210178764A CN115055033A CN 115055033 A CN115055033 A CN 115055033A CN 202210178764 A CN202210178764 A CN 202210178764A CN 115055033 A CN115055033 A CN 115055033A
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- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 104
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 104
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 73
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 84
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 77
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000012670 alkaline solution Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000008044 alkali metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- OEYIOHPDSNJKLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N choline Chemical compound C[N+](C)(C)CCO OEYIOHPDSNJKLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960001231 choline Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001453 quaternary ammonium group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005201 scrubbing Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 40
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 17
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 12
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000110 cooling liquid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 6
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000003009 desulfurizing effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- GJEAMHAFPYZYDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N [C].[S] Chemical compound [C].[S] GJEAMHAFPYZYDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 3
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000005575 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 239000008400 supply water Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
- B01D53/48—Sulfur compounds
- B01D53/50—Sulfur oxides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D47/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases, air or vapours by liquid as separating agent
- B01D47/06—Spray cleaning
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/77—Liquid phase processes
- B01D53/78—Liquid phase processes with gas-liquid contact
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/58—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by removing specified dissolved compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/18—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from the purification of gaseous effluents
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
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- Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a flue gas type inert gas desulfurization utilization method for ships, wherein an exhaust port of a washing tower is connected with at least one inert gas fan, negative pressure is generated in the washing tower by the inert gas fan, high-temperature flue gas is sucked into the washing tower from a flue gas inlet of the washing tower, strong-alkaline circulating desulfurization liquid is adopted to spray the high-temperature flue gas in the washing tower for desulfurization, tail gas is blown into a deck water seal device through the inert gas fan, and enters an oil tank through an exhaust port of the deck water seal device; the liquid discharge pipe of the washing tower is divided into two paths, the outer discharge pipe is directly connected with the sea discharge port, and the circulating liquid discharge pipe is sequentially connected with the circulating liquid tank, the alkali liquor circulating pump and the hot phase inlet of the cooler; the hot phase outlet of the cooler is connected with a seawater inlet pipe; the circulating liquid tank is provided with a waste liquid discharge pipe connected with the waste liquid retaining tank; the outlet of the alkali liquor storage tank is connected with a circulating liquid pipe at the inlet of the alkali liquor circulating pump through a pipeline. The invention can switch between the open type desulfurization mode and the closed type desulfurization mode, thereby reducing the operation cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of inert gases of oil tankers, and particularly relates to a desulfurization method of flue gas type inert gases for ships.
Background
As a method for preventing the explosion of the tanker, the control of an open flame ignition source has been mainly used since ancient times. However, since the end of 1969, after the continuous explosion of 3 newly-built large oil tankers, it was clear that static electricity was a new ignition source and was difficult to control. Driven by this situation, there has been a rapid progress in the research of forcing a "gas state in a tank" in which an explosion does not occur even if a fire source exists.
Tankers loaded with flammable liquids today use a method of filling the cargo tanks in the tanker with a non-flammable gas to prevent the risk of fire or explosion. These non-combustible gases displace the oxygen-containing air, so that the cargo tanks of the tanker are almost completely free of oxygen. According to the international maritime life safety convention, a newly built liquid cargo ship with a load capacity of 8000 tons or more must be provided with an inert gas system as a safety explosion-proof system, and the provision of the inert gas system becomes an obligation to be borne, and also can be said to become one of the most important devices indispensable to a tanker.
The oil tank of a ship is filled with inert gas to inert the gas in the tank, and a large amount of inert gas is required. Some ships fill non-combustible gas from the dock when unloading, and some ships use waste gas discharged by the power mechanism of the ship to refine the non-combustible gas.
The boiler tail gas is cooled, and impurities and residual water vapor contained in the boiler tail gas are removed, so that the boiler tail gas becomes inert gas. The system of devices for filling such inert gas into the cargo tanks to prevent the explosion of the tanker is the "flue gas" type inert gas system. The traditional 'flue gas' type inert gas system desulfurization belongs to an open desulfurization mode, and the principle is that seawater is directly pumped into a desulfurization washing tower, SOx in waste gas is neutralized by alkaline substances in the seawater, and generated salt substances are directly discharged out of a ship through washing water. With the implementation of the new IMO desulfurization standard, the open desulfurization mode is not allowed to operate in some wharfs, ports and other areas, so that the open desulfurization mode is changed into the closed desulfurization mode by some ships, and the alkaline washing liquid is sent into the desulfurization washing tower to react with the sulfide in the flue gas to generate salt substances. Or the open type and the closed type desulfurization operation modes are combined, and can be switched at any time according to different conditions, so that the flexibility of the shipowner is furthest provided.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a desulfurization utilization method of flue gas type inert gas for ships, which is characterized in that a closed desulfurization mode is directly modified on the existing open desulfurization mode system, and is combined with the existing open desulfurization mode, and can be switched at any time according to different conditions, so that the problem that desulfurization wastewater generated by burning high-sulfur oil in the existing oil-fired boiler cannot be directly discharged in wharfs, ports and other areas is solved.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the invention relates to a desulfurization utilization method of flue gas type inert gas for ships, which is characterized in that an exhaust port of a washing tower is connected with at least one inert gas fan, negative pressure is generated in the washing tower by the inert gas fan, high-temperature flue gas is sucked into the washing tower from a flue gas inlet of the washing tower, high-temperature flue gas in the washing tower is sprayed by strong-alkaline circulating desulfurization liquid for desulfurization, tail gas is blown into a deck water seal device by the inert gas fan, and enters an oil tank through an exhaust port of the deck water seal device;
the liquid discharge pipe of the washing tower is divided into two paths, one path is directly connected with the sea discharge port through an outer discharge pipe, and the other path is sequentially connected with the circulating liquid tank, the alkali liquor circulating pump and the hot phase inlet of the cooler through a circulating liquid discharge pipe; the hot phase outlet of the cooler is connected with a seawater inlet pipe; the circulating liquid tank is also provided with a waste liquid discharge pipe connected with the waste liquid retaining tank; the outlet of the alkali liquor storage tank is connected with a circulating liquid pipe at the inlet of the alkali liquor circulating pump through a pipeline.
More specifically, the invention relates to a method for desulfurizing and utilizing flue gas type inert gas for ships, which is characterized by comprising the following steps when a closed desulfurization mode is operated:
the inert gas fan operates to generate negative pressure in the washing tower, and high-temperature flue gas generated by the ship oil boiler is sucked into the washing tower from a flue gas inlet at the lower part of the washing tower; the circulating desulfurization liquid in the circulating liquid tank is pumped by the alkali liquor circulating pump and is sent into the washing tower; spraying and absorbing SOx and smoke dust in high-temperature flue gas by using a circulating desulfurization solution in the washing tower, blowing tail gas subjected to cooling, desulfurization and dust removal into the deck water seal device through the inert gas fan, and allowing the tail gas to enter the oil tank through an exhaust port of the deck water seal device to serve as protective inert gas for preventing the oil tank from exploding;
discharging the circulating desulfurization solution discharged from the washing tower into the circulating liquid tank through the circulating liquid discharge pipe, pumping the circulating desulfurization solution by the alkali liquor circulating pump, cooling the circulating desulfurization solution by the cooler to ensure that the temperature of the circulating desulfurization solution is stabilized below about 40 ℃ (preferably 35-40 ℃) to ensure that the desulfurization rate reaches more than 98%), and then re-entering the washing tower; and the alkali liquor storage tank supplies fresh strong alkaline solution to be added into the circulating desulfurization solution, so that the pH value of the solution in the circulating liquid tank is increased.
Further, the strongly alkaline solution is alkali metal hydroxide, choline, quaternary ammonium base (R) 4 NOH); preferably, the mass fraction of the sodium hydroxide solution or the potassium hydroxide solution is 35 to 60 percent, and the pH value of the circulating desulfurization solution needs to be stabilized at 6.5 to 7.5.
Further, it is necessary to periodically add fresh seawater to the circulating liquid tank and periodically discharge a part of the washing waste liquid; the washing waste liquid periodically discharged from the circulation liquid tank cannot be discharged in ports, docks, and the like, and needs to be stored in a waste liquid retaining tank and discharged or treated at an appropriate timing.
The invention relates to a desulfurization utilization method of flue gas type inert gas for ships, which comprises the following steps when an open desulfurization mode is operated:
the inert gas fan operates to generate negative pressure in the washing tower, and high-temperature flue gas generated by the ship oil boiler is sucked into the washing tower from a flue gas inlet at the lower part of the washing tower; the seawater pump pumps seawater and sends the seawater into the washing tower; spraying seawater in the washing tower to absorb SOx and smoke dust in the high-temperature flue gas; the tail gas after cooling, desulfurization and dust removal is blown into the deck water seal device through the inert gas fan and enters the oil tank through an exhaust port of the deck water seal device to serve as protective inert gas for preventing the oil tank from exploding; and the washing seawater discharged from a liquid discharge pipe at the bottom of the washing tower is directly discharged into the sea.
Further, when the cargo tank needs to be serviced or when the cargo needs to be replaced after unloading, a large amount of air may be introduced from the fresh air inlet valve of the scrubber to purge the cargo tank.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
the flue gas type inert gas system can be switched between an open type desulfurization mode and a closed type desulfurization mode according to different fuels and different operation areas; the ship oil-fired boiler can continue to use high-sulfur oil or switch to use low-sulfur oil, so that the operation cost is reduced, and the adaptability of a flue gas type inert gas system is improved; the device can be used together with a water treatment device of a ship engine tail gas desulfurization system, the desulfurization waste liquid generated by an inert gas system is treated by utilizing a desulfurization liquid water treatment device installed on a ship, PM, heavy metal, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon and other harmful substances in the desulfurization waste liquid are treated and stored, and the harmful substances are not discharged into the sea.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the closed desulfurization mode of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of the open desulfurization mode of the present invention;
in the figure, 1-boiler flue; 2-a filter; 3-a flue gas inlet valve; 4-sea water pump; 5-switching a butterfly valve; 6-alkali liquor inlet valve; 7-a cooler; 8-an alkali liquor circulating pump; 9-an alkali liquor storage tank; 10-a metering pump; 11-a circulating liquid bath; 12-fresh air intake valve; 13-a washing column; 14-lye drain valves; 15-external drain valve; 16-a cooling drain valve; 17-a retention slot; 18-an efflux pump; 19-fan inlet valve; 20-an inert gas fan; 21-a fan outlet valve; 22-oxygen analyzer; 23-a pressure regulating relief valve; 24-a pressure regulating valve; 25-sealing water pump; 26-a deflation valve; 27-deck water seal; 28-check valve; 29-an inert gas main valve; 30-a pressure sensor; 31-pressure/vacuum breaker; 32-a shut-off valve; 33-oil tank.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantageous effects to be solved by the present invention more clearly apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
A method for desulfurizing and utilizing flue gas type inert gas for ships comprises the steps that a seawater pump 4 sucks seawater through a filter 2, and the seawater pump is connected with a spray liquid inlet of a washing tower 13 through a seawater inlet pipe; a flue gas inlet of the washing tower 13 is connected with the high-temperature flue gas pipeline 1 of the ship boiler; the exhaust port of the washing tower 13 is connected with the inlet of at least one inert gas fan 20, the outlet of the inert gas fan 20 is connected with the gas injection port of the deck water seal device 27, and the exhaust port of the deck water seal device 27 is connected with the gas injection port of the oil tank 33;
a fresh air inlet valve 12 is arranged at the top of the washing tower 13; the liquid discharge pipe at the bottom of the washing tower 13 is divided into two paths, one path is directly connected with the sea outlet through an outer discharge pipe, and the other path is connected with the circulating liquid tank 11 through a circulating liquid discharge pipe; the circulating liquid tank is connected with the hot phase inlets of the alkali liquor circulating pump 8 and the cooler 7 through a circulating liquid pipe in sequence; the hot phase outlet of the cooler 7 is connected with a seawater inlet pipe through a circulating liquid pipe; an alkali liquor storage tank 9 is connected to the inlet of an alkali liquor circulating pump 8 through a metering pump 10; the bottom of the circulating liquid tank 11 is connected with a waste liquid retaining tank 17 through a waste liquid discharge pipe; an external liquid discharge pump 18 is arranged on a liquid discharge pipe of the retention groove 17 and is connected with a sea discharge port through a pipeline;
in order to prevent the salinity and the smoke content of the alkaline washing liquid in the circulating liquid tank 11 from being too high to cause the reduction of the desulfurization effect, the upper part of the circulating liquid tank 11 is provided with a seawater replenishing pipe for periodically adding fresh seawater into the circulating liquid tank 11; the water outlet of the seawater pump 1 is also connected with the cold phase inlet of the cooler 7 through a cooling liquid inlet pipe; a cold phase outlet of the cooler 7 is connected with an outer discharge pipe through a cooling liquid outlet pipe;
a switching butterfly valve 5 is arranged on the seawater inlet pipe, between the circulating liquid pipe and the cooling liquid inlet pipe and the interfaces connected with the seawater inlet pipe respectively; an alkali liquor inlet valve 6 is arranged on a circulating liquid pipe connected with a seawater inlet pipe at a hot phase outlet of the cooler 7; an alkali liquor drain valve 14 is arranged on the circulating drain pipe; an outer drain valve 15 is arranged on the outer drain pipe; and a cooling liquid discharge valve 16 is arranged on the cooling liquid outlet pipe of the cooler 7.
A fan inlet valve 19 is arranged on an inlet pipe of the inert gas fan 20, and a fan outlet valve 21 is arranged on an outlet pipe; an oxygen analyzer 22, a pressure regulating release valve 23 and a pressure regulating valve 24 are respectively arranged on a pipeline between the inert gas fan 20 and the deck water seal device 27; the top of the deck water seal device 27 is provided with a release valve 26.
The deck water seal device 27 continuously provides seawater for the deck water seal device through a seal water pump 25 to form water seal; a check valve 28, an inert gas main valve 29, a pressure/vacuum breaker 31 and a stop valve 32 are sequentially arranged on a pipeline connected with a gas injection port of the oil tank 33 of the deck water seal device 27; a pipeline between the deck water seal 27 and the oil tank 33 is provided with a pressure sensor 30 which realizes logic control with the pressure regulating release valve 23 and the pressure regulating valve 24 and is used for monitoring the pressure of inert gas leading to the oil tank 33; when the pressure sensor 30 detects that the pressure in the pipeline is more than 6-8 kPa, the pressure regulating and releasing valve 23 is opened properly, the pressure regulating valve 24 is closed properly, part of the inert gas is discharged to the atmosphere through the pressure regulating and releasing valve 23, and the pressure in the pipeline is reduced; when the pressure sensor 30 detects that the pressure in the pipeline is less than 6-8 kPa, the pressure regulating release valve 23 is properly closed, the pressure regulating valve 24 is opened, the amount of inert gas exhausted to the atmosphere through the pressure regulating release valve 23 is reduced, and the pressure in the pipeline is increased.
Example 1
When a ship oil boiler burns high-sulfur oil or when the regional environment does not allow the ship to operate the open desulfurization system, the closed desulfurization mode of the invention can be operated, as shown in fig. 2, comprising the following steps:
s1, a step of preparing starting preparation, firstly, manually opening an inlet valve 19 of a fan, an inert gas main valve 29 and a stop valve 32, keeping a fresh air inlet valve 12 and a vent valve 26 in a closed state, adding a proper amount of seawater into a circulating liquid tank 11 to serve as circulating desulfurization liquid, and adding a sufficient amount of 50% NaOH solution into an alkali liquor storage tank 9;
s2, a step of supplying water to the deck water seal 27, wherein one of the sealed water pumps 25 is opened to supply water to the deck water seal 27 to form a continuous water seal so as to prevent hydrocarbon vapor in the cargo oil tank from flowing back to the engine room;
s3, a step of cooling the circulating desulfurization solution, wherein the circulating desulfurization solution absorbs the heat of the flue gas when washing the high-temperature flue gas, the temperature of the solution can continuously rise to cause the desulfurization effect to continuously decrease, and a cooler 7 is required to cool the circulating desulfurization solution, so that the temperature of the circulating desulfurization solution is stabilized below about 40 ℃ when the circulating desulfurization solution is sprayed into the washing tower; firstly, opening an alkali liquor inlet valve 6, an alkali liquor drain valve 14 and a cooling drain valve 16, and keeping a switching butterfly valve 5 and an external drain valve 15 in a closed state; starting a seawater pump 4, pumping seawater, pumping the seawater into a cooler 7 to exchange heat with the circulating desulfurization solution, and discharging the seawater after heat exchange into the sea;
s4, a step of establishing spraying of the washing tower 13, wherein a circulating pump 8 is started to extract the circulating desulfurization liquid in a circulating liquid tank 11, the circulating desulfurization liquid enters the washing tower 13 from the upper part of the washing tower 13 after being cooled by a cooler 7 to spray high-temperature flue gas, and the sprayed circulating desulfurization liquid returns to the circulating liquid tank 11 to be repeatedly absorbed;
s5, a step of adding a 50% NaOH solution into the circulating desulfurization solution, wherein the solution in the circulating liquid tank 11 is recycled, acid substances accumulated in the circulating alkaline washing solution are increased continuously along with the extension of the running time, the absorption effect on SOx is reduced continuously, in order to maintain a high desulfurization rate, the NaOH solution with the mass concentration of 50% needs to be continuously added into the circulating desulfurization solution, the pH value of the circulating desulfurization solution is increased, the metering pump 10 is started, the NaOH solution with the mass concentration of 50% in the alkaline solution storage tank 9 is extracted and added into the circulating desulfurization solution, and the pH value of the circulating desulfurization solution is increased;
the circulating liquid tank 11 needs to be periodically added with fresh seawater and also needs to be periodically discharged with a part of circulating desulfurization liquid, so that the over-high salinity and PM content of the solution in the circulating liquid tank 11 are prevented, and the desulfurization effect is reduced;
s6, a step of storing the desulfurization waste liquid, wherein the desulfurization liquid periodically discharged from the circulating liquid tank 11 has high pH, turbidity, nitrate and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon content, does not meet the standard requirements, cannot be discharged in ports, docks and other areas, needs to be stored in the retention tank 17, is discharged to the shore for treatment through an external discharge pump 18 when the retention tank 17 is full, or is discharged to the open sea after being diluted, or can be pumped to a water treatment device of a ship engine exhaust gas desulfurization system (the ship is suitable for a water treatment device with a desulfurization system) for treatment and then is discharged;
s7, a step of cooling, desulfurizing and dedusting the tail gas of the oil-fired boiler, firstly burning high-sulfur oil by the oil-fired boiler, then starting an inert gas fan 20, a fan outlet valve 21 and a flue gas inlet valve 3, pumping the tail gas with the oxygen content lower than 5 percent generated by the combustion of the oil-fired boiler into the lower part of a washing tower 13 from a boiler flue 1, and sending the tail gas into the washing tower 13 to absorb SOx and smoke dust in the tail gas through circulating desulfurization liquid spraying;
s8, a step of sending inert gas into the oil compartment 33, wherein the pressure regulating valve 24 is opened, the gas with the oxygen content lower than 5 percent after cooling, desulfurization and dust removal is blown into the deck water seal 27 through the inert gas fan 20, and then is blown into the oil compartment 33 through the check valve 28, the inert gas main valve 29 and the stop valve 32 to serve as the inert gas to protect the oil compartment and prevent explosion.
When an oil-fired boiler burns oil with 3.5 percent of sulfur content, experimental operation data of a pilot plant established according to the method of the invention are as follows: the temperature of the high-temperature flue gas is 230-250 ℃, the mass flow is 645kg/h, the SOx content of the generated high-temperature flue gas is about 1500-1800 ppm, and CO is 2 A sulfur to carbon ratio (SOx (ppm)/CO) of between about 10% and 11.5% 2 (%)) is 150-156.5.
When the system operates in the closed desulfurization mode, the flow of the seawater pump is 8-12 m 3 The flow rate of the alkali liquor circulating pump is 8-12 m 3 The spraying liquid-gas ratio of the corresponding washing tower is 16.3-24.5L/Nm 3 And adding 50% sodium hydroxide solution to maintain the pH value of the solution in the circulating liquid tank between 6 and 7, washing, desulfurizing and dedusting in a washing tower to obtain flue gas with the temperature of about 35 to 40 ℃, wherein the SOx content of the flue gas discharged from the washing tower after desulfurization is less than 10ppm, and the corresponding sulfur-carbon ratio is 0.87 to 1.
The new IMO specification requires that the sulfur content of fuel oil combusted by a ship is lower than 0.1 percent, the corresponding sulfur-carbon ratio is 4.3, namely the sulfur-carbon ratio of flue gas of the tail gas of a fuel oil boiler after desulfurization treatment by a washing tower is less than 4.3, and the discharged flue gas meets the IMO desulfurization specification requirement. The sulfur-carbon ratio of the desulfurized flue gas of the pilot plant established according to the method is 0.86-1 and less than 4.3, and meets the specification requirements. The pressure drop of the washing tower is found to be less than 5kPa through measurement, and the pressure drop of the deck water seal is found to be less than 2kPa, thereby meeting the operation requirement of equipment.
Example 2
The open desulfurization mode of the present invention can be operated when the ship oil boiler burns high sulfur oil or low sulfur oil and when the regional environment allows the ship to operate the open desulfurization system, as shown in fig. 3, including:
s1, a step of preparing for starting, firstly opening the fan inlet valve 19, the inert gas main valve 29 and the stop valve 32, and keeping the fresh air inlet valve 12 and the air release valve 26 in a closed state;
s2, a step of supplying water to the deck water seal 27, wherein one of the sealed water pumps 25 is started to supply water to the deck water seal 27 to form a continuous water seal so as to prevent hydrocarbon steam in the cargo oil tank from flowing back to the engine room;
s3, a step of establishing spraying of the washing tower 13, which is to open the switching butterfly valve 5 and the external liquid discharge valve 15 and keep the alkali liquor inlet valve 6, the alkali liquor discharge valve 14 and the cooling liquid discharge valve 16 in a closed state; starting a seawater pump 4, extracting seawater, spraying the seawater into a washing tower 13, establishing spraying in the washing tower, and enabling the pH, turbidity, nitrate and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon content in the seawater after spraying absorption to meet the standard requirements, so that the sprayed seawater is directly discharged;
s4, a step of cooling, desulfurizing and dedusting the tail gas of the oil-fired boiler, firstly burning high-sulfur oil by the oil-fired boiler, then starting an inert gas fan 20, a fan outlet valve 21 and a flue gas inlet valve 3, pumping the tail gas with the oxygen content lower than 5 percent generated by the combustion of the oil-fired boiler from a boiler flue 1 into the lower part of a washing tower 13, and spraying seawater in the washing tower 13 to absorb SOx and PM in the tail gas;
s5, a step of sending inert gas into the oil compartment 33, wherein the pressure regulating valve 24 is opened, the gas with the oxygen content lower than 5 percent after cooling, desulfurization and dust removal is blown into the deck water seal 27 through the inert gas fan 20, and then is blown into the oil compartment 33 through the check valve 28, the inert gas main valve 29 and the stop valve 32 to serve as the inert gas to protect the oil compartment and prevent explosion.
No matter the operation is in the open desulfurization mode or the closed desulfurization mode, when the oxygen analyzer 22 detects that the oxygen content in the inert gas is greater than 4%, an alarm is given, when the oxygen content in the inert gas is greater than 5%, the pressure regulating release valve 23 is fully opened, the pressure regulating valve 24 is fully closed, the inert gas which does not reach the standard is discharged, and only when the oxygen content in the inert gas is less than 5%, the pressure regulating valve 24 can be opened to blow the inert gas into the deck water seal 27.
Example 3
When the cargo oil tank needs to be overhauled or the goods are unloaded and the gas needs to be replaced, a large amount of air is needed to blow the cargo oil tank, the gas replacement function of the cargo oil tank can be adopted, so that the gas in the cargo oil tank can meet the requirements, and the method comprises the following steps:
s1, a step of preparing for starting, firstly, manually opening the fan inlet valve 19, the inert gas main valve 29 and the stop valve 32, and keeping the switching butterfly valve 5, the alkali liquor inlet valve 6, the alkali liquor drain valve 14, the external drain valve 15, the cooling drain valve 16 and the air release valve 26 in a closed state;
s2, a step of supplying water to the deck water seal 27, wherein one of the sealed water pumps 25 is started to supply water to the deck water seal 27 to form a continuous water seal so as to prevent hydrocarbon steam in the cargo oil tank from flowing back to the engine room;
s3, a step of blowing air into the oil cabin 33, firstly opening the fresh air inlet valve 12, then opening the inert gas fan 20 and the fan outlet valve 21, keeping the smoke gas inlet valve 3 in a closed state, and pumping the air into the inert gas fan 20 from the fresh air inlet valve 12;
S4A step of supplying air into the cargo tank 33, which comprises fully opening the pressure control valve 24 to keep the pressure control release valve 23 closed, blowing air into the deck water seal 27 by the inert gas blower 20, and then blowing air into the cargo tank 33 through the check valve 28, the inert gas main valve 29 and the shutoff valve 32 to replace the air in the cargo tank 33.
Claims (8)
1. A desulfurization utilization method of flue gas type inert gas for ships is characterized in that an exhaust port of a washing tower is connected with at least one inert gas fan, negative pressure is generated in the washing tower by the inert gas fan, high-temperature flue gas is sucked into the washing tower from a flue gas inlet of the washing tower, high-temperature flue gas in the washing tower is sprayed by strong-alkaline circulating desulfurization liquid for desulfurization, tail gas is blown into a deck water seal device by the inert gas fan and enters an oil tank through an exhaust port of the deck water seal device;
the liquid discharge pipe of the washing tower is divided into two paths, one path is directly connected with the sea discharge port through an outer discharge pipe, and the other path is sequentially connected with the circulating liquid tank, the alkali liquor circulating pump and the hot phase inlet of the cooler through a circulating liquid discharge pipe; the hot phase outlet of the cooler is connected with a seawater inlet pipe; the circulating liquid tank is also provided with a waste liquid discharge pipe connected with the waste liquid retaining tank; the outlet of the alkali liquor storage tank is connected with a circulating liquid pipe at the inlet of the alkali liquor circulating pump through a pipeline.
2. The desulfurization utilization method according to claim 1, comprising the steps of, when operating the closed desulfurization mode:
the inert gas fan operates to generate negative pressure in the washing tower, and high-temperature flue gas generated by the ship oil boiler is sucked into the washing tower from a flue gas inlet at the lower part of the washing tower; the circulating desulfurization liquid in the circulating liquid tank is pumped by the alkali liquor circulating pump and is sent into the washing tower; spraying and absorbing SOx and smoke dust in high-temperature flue gas by using a circulating desulfurization solution in the washing tower, blowing tail gas subjected to cooling, desulfurization and dust removal into the deck water seal device through the inert gas fan, and enabling the tail gas to enter the oil tank through an exhaust port of the deck water seal device;
the circulating desulfurization liquid discharged from the washing tower is discharged into the circulating liquid tank through the circulating liquid discharge pipe, is pumped by the alkali liquor circulating pump, is cooled to below about 40 ℃ through the cooler, and then enters the washing tower again; and the alkali liquor storage tank supplies fresh strong alkaline solution to be added into the circulating desulfurization solution.
3. The desulfurization utilization method according to claim 2, wherein the strongly alkaline solution is at least one of an alkali metal hydroxide, choline, and a quaternary ammonium base.
4. The desulfurization utilization method according to claim 2, wherein the strongly alkaline solution is a 35-60% sodium hydroxide solution or potassium hydroxide solution, and the pH value of the circulating desulfurization solution needs to be stabilized at 6.5-7.5.
5. The desulfurization utilization method according to claim 2, wherein fresh seawater is periodically added to the circulating liquid tank, and a part of the washing waste liquid is periodically discharged.
6. The desulfurization utilization method according to claim 2, wherein the temperature of the circulating desulfurization solution discharged from the hot phase outlet of the cooler is 35 to 40 ℃.
7. The desulfurization utilization method according to claim 1, characterized by comprising, when operating the open desulfurization mode, the steps of:
the inert gas fan operates to generate negative pressure in the washing tower, and high-temperature flue gas generated by the ship oil boiler is sucked into the washing tower from a flue gas inlet at the lower part of the washing tower; the seawater pump pumps seawater and sends the seawater into the washing tower; spraying seawater in the washing tower to absorb SOx and smoke dust in the high-temperature flue gas; the tail gas after cooling, desulfurization and dust removal is blown into the deck water seal device through the inert gas fan and enters the oil tank through an exhaust port of the deck water seal device; the scrubbing seawater discharged from the scrubbing tower is discharged directly into the sea.
8. The desulfurization utilization method according to claim 1, wherein when the cargo tank needs to be overhauled or the cargo needs to be replaced after unloading, air is introduced from a fresh air inlet valve of the scrubber to purge the cargo tank.
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| CN203094385U (en) * | 2012-12-28 | 2013-07-31 | 上海中远船务工程有限公司 | Improved floating production storage and offloading (FPSO) inert gas pipe system connecting device |
| CN206881515U (en) * | 2017-06-09 | 2018-01-16 | 大连海事大学 | A kind of ship tail gas pollutant total system |
| CN107875810A (en) * | 2017-10-24 | 2018-04-06 | 武汉船用机械有限责任公司 | A kind of pilot system and method for inert gas system scrubbing tower |
| CN210186876U (en) * | 2019-07-10 | 2020-03-27 | 成都锐思环保技术股份有限公司 | Ship tail gas desulfurization mixed treatment system |
| CN112933901A (en) * | 2019-12-11 | 2021-06-11 | 青岛双瑞海洋环境工程股份有限公司 | Integrated device for waste gas desulfurization and inert gas supply |
| CN214345559U (en) * | 2020-11-27 | 2021-10-08 | 福建龙净环保股份有限公司 | Ultrasonic atomization ship desulfurization system |
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- 2022-02-25 CN CN202210178764.4A patent/CN115055033A/en active Pending
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3781407A (en) * | 1971-02-24 | 1973-12-25 | Mitsubishi Kakoki K | Inert gas system for a tanker |
| CN102913751A (en) * | 2012-11-13 | 2013-02-06 | 上海船舶研究设计院 | Air supplying system for supplying inert gas for oil compartment on tank ship and operation method of air supplying system |
| CN203094385U (en) * | 2012-12-28 | 2013-07-31 | 上海中远船务工程有限公司 | Improved floating production storage and offloading (FPSO) inert gas pipe system connecting device |
| CN206881515U (en) * | 2017-06-09 | 2018-01-16 | 大连海事大学 | A kind of ship tail gas pollutant total system |
| CN107875810A (en) * | 2017-10-24 | 2018-04-06 | 武汉船用机械有限责任公司 | A kind of pilot system and method for inert gas system scrubbing tower |
| CN210186876U (en) * | 2019-07-10 | 2020-03-27 | 成都锐思环保技术股份有限公司 | Ship tail gas desulfurization mixed treatment system |
| CN112933901A (en) * | 2019-12-11 | 2021-06-11 | 青岛双瑞海洋环境工程股份有限公司 | Integrated device for waste gas desulfurization and inert gas supply |
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