CN115053965B - Method for preparing resistant dextrin with stronger indigestibility by utilizing ultrahigh pressure treatment - Google Patents
Method for preparing resistant dextrin with stronger indigestibility by utilizing ultrahigh pressure treatment Download PDFInfo
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- 229920001353 Dextrin Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 136
- 239000004375 Dextrin Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 75
- 235000019425 dextrin Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 75
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 102000004139 alpha-Amylases Human genes 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 108090000637 alpha-Amylases Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 229940024171 alpha-amylase Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000012043 crude product Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000001694 spray drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
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- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 30
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- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 10
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- 108010062010 N-Acetylmuramoyl-L-alanine Amidase Proteins 0.000 abstract description 8
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- 235000020824 obesity Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000008855 peristalsis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001878 scanning electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000021391 short chain fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L33/20—Reducing nutritive value; Dietetic products with reduced nutritive value
- A23L33/21—Addition of substantially indigestible substances, e.g. dietary fibres
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L5/00—Preparation or treatment of foods or foodstuffs, in general; Food or foodstuffs obtained thereby; Materials therefor
- A23L5/30—Physical treatment, e.g. electrical or magnetic means, wave energy or irradiation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08B—POLYSACCHARIDES; DERIVATIVES THEREOF
- C08B30/00—Preparation of starch, degraded or non-chemically modified starch, amylose, or amylopectin
- C08B30/12—Degraded, destructured or non-chemically modified starch, e.g. mechanically, enzymatically or by irradiation; Bleaching of starch
- C08B30/18—Dextrin, e.g. yellow canari, white dextrin, amylodextrin or maltodextrin; Methods of depolymerisation, e.g. by irradiation or mechanically
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
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- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
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- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of functional dietary fiber preparation, in particular to a method for preparing resistant dextrin with stronger indigestibility by utilizing ultrahigh pressure treatment, which comprises the following steps: performing acidolysis on starch, and then performing partial gelatinization at high temperature to obtain intermediate pyrodextrin powder prepared from resistant dextrin; and (3) placing the pyrodextrin powder in an ultrahigh pressure device, treating for 10 minutes, adopting different pressures, quickly recovering to room pressure after the treatment is finished, carrying out alpha-amylase enzymolysis and transglycosylase enzymolysis at different temperatures sequentially after the pyrodextrin is fully dissolved, and decolorizing, ion-exchange purifying and spray drying the resistant dextrin crude product after the enzymolysis is finished to obtain a finished product.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of functional dietary fiber preparation, in particular to a method for preparing resistant dextrin with stronger indigestibility by utilizing ultrahigh pressure treatment.
Background
Proved by a large number of clinical researches, the resistant dextrin has promotion effects in treating diseases such as obesity, constipation, type II diabetes, female climacteric syndrome, hypertension, decayed tooth, hyperglycemia, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, intestinal cancer and the like, and the resistant dextrin is mainly because the resistant dextrin cannot be completely decomposed by human bodies in the digestive system and has higher digestion resistance threshold. The difficult hydrolysis of human digestive enzymes mainly results from branching degree, steric hindrance and the like of the resistant dextrin, so the exploration of the more digestion resistant dextrin is started from the structure and the preparation process.
Through various domestic and foreign researches, the resistant dextrin has a complex structure, has alpha-1, 6, alpha-1, 3 glycosidic bonds and alpha-1, 6 glycosidic bonds, and also has glucan and a plurality of irregular branched chain structures. Therefore, the digestive enzyme of human body is difficult to thoroughly decompose the resistant dextrin with intricate structure, thereby improving the basic metabolism of human body such as intestinal peristalsis, blood circulation and the like and stimulating intestinal probiotics to produce more short chain fatty acids. In the research of the preparation method of the resistant dextrin, the promotion of the indigestion of the resistant dextrin on the molecular level on the premise of not changing the solubility, the sensory morphology and the like by combining a physical means with chemical modification is not reported yet.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to make up the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a method for preparing resistant dextrin with stronger indigestibility by utilizing ultrahigh pressure treatment.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
method for preparing resistant dextrin with stronger indigestibility by utilizing ultrahigh pressure treatment
S1, raw material starch acidification
Adding 40-50% of water based on dry weight of starch into starch, adding 10% of hydrochloric acid solution based on dry weight of starch after suspension, fully stirring, filtering out water, drying at 40 ℃ to form solid, pulverizing into powder, and sieving with 100 mesh sieve to obtain powder;
s2, preparing pyrodextrin
Heating the acidified starch powder in a drying oven at 170 ℃ for 2h to obtain pyrodextrin;
s3, ultrahigh pressure treatment
Placing the pyrodextrin into an ultrahigh pressure device, respectively treating for 10min under 300-500 MPa, rapidly recovering the pressure to normal pressure after the treatment is finished, and taking out after the pressure is balanced; preferably 400Mpa;
s4, preparation of resistant dextrin crude product
Adding 2 times of water into the ultra-high pressure treated pyrodextrin in the step 3, uniformly mixing, adding 0.25-0.5% of alpha-amylase, and reacting in a water bath at 70 ℃ for 2h, wherein stirring is continuously carried out during the period; after the reaction with alpha-amylase is finished, the temperature of the mixed solution is reduced to 55-60 ℃, 0.3-0.4% of transglycosidase is added for reaction 16-18h;
the addition amount of the alpha-amylase is preferably 0.4%, and the addition amount of the transglycosidase is preferably 0.3%;
s5, resistant dextrin finished product
And after the reaction with transglycosidase, obtaining a crude product of the resistant dextrin, and then decoloring, ion-exchange purifying and spray drying the crude product to obtain a finished product.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
the preparation method mainly changes the structure and the property of the action path of the resistant dextrin with stronger indigestion by ultrahigh pressure treatment, thereby providing a better reaction place for two types of enzymes and improving the action efficiency of the enzymes. Structural and property changes are four ways:
(1) The ultrahigh pressure treatment has the effect of breaking non-covalent bonds on starch and polysaccharide, and the adiabatic effect in the pressurizing process mainly compensates high temperature and completely gelatinizes the acidified starch by changing the non-covalent bonds in the pyrodextrins of intermediates in the preparation process of the resistant dextrins, so that the secondary and tertiary structures are changed;
(2) The gelatinization characteristics of the pyrodextrins such as gelatinization temperature, peak time, viscosity, crystalline structure, etc. are changed; the change in the gelatinization properties of the pyrodextrins leads to an increase in solubility and a decrease in molecular weight. The reduction in molecular weight also promotes 100% solubility of the finished resistant dextrins;
(3) After ultrahigh pressure treatment, the water holding capacity of the pyrodextrin is stronger, the swelling degree is higher, the particles are smaller, and the birefringence form of the original starch disappears, which is also the main reason for the increased solubility and the reduced molecular weight of the pyrodextrin after ultrahigh pressure treatment;
(4) The ultra-high pressure drops rapidly to atmospheric pressure, causing irreversible damage to the particles and the non-covalent bonds again changing.
After the structure and the property of the ultra-high pressure treated pyrodextrin are changed, the alpha-amylase is more easy to play a role when the alpha-1, 4 glycosidic bond and other structures are hydrolyzed in the high-solubility pyrodextrin solution, more substrates such as short-chain sugar and free micromolecular sugar are brought to the transglycosylase, the efficiency of the two enzymes is higher, the generated resistant dextrin structure is more difficult to digest, and the content of dietary fiber is higher.
According to the invention, by combining alpha-amylase and transglycosylase under ultrahigh pressure, the indigestion, physicochemical properties, dietary fiber content and actual hypoglycemic effect of the resistant dextrin are obviously improved through proper dosage and steps. The branching degree of the indigestible structure of the representative resistant dextrin can reach 50% under the method of the invention, which is far higher than that of the resistant dextrin prepared by the traditional method by 35%, and the content of dietary fiber reaches 75% before decolorization and purification. In the aspect of most critical blood glucose reduction, after the new method is used for reasonably feeding the resistant dextrin to the diabetic mice, the blood glucose of the diabetic mice can be reduced by more than 10% at most, and creatinine, high-low density lipoprotein, inflammatory factors, total cholesterol and the like are reduced to different degrees.
In addition, after the method is used for preparing the resistant dextrin, the physicochemical property is not affected, the sensory property is good, the yield is improved under the action of transglycosylase, and the economic benefit can be improved for related enterprises. The preparation method accords with the national security and environmental protection policy, and is beneficial to accelerating the conversion of the traditional resistant dextrin technology to the novel resistant dextrin preparation technology with stronger security and indigestion. The method is convenient to operate, reasonable in cost, good in auxiliary treatment effects of the prepared resistant dextrin on reducing blood sugar, blood fat and the like, and suitable for industrial application.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of branching degree measurement results;
FIG. 2 is a schematic representation of dietary fiber assay results;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the results of fasting blood glucose measurement in mice;
FIG. 4 is a scanning electron microscope image of a resistant dextrin without high pressure treatment;
FIG. 5 is a scanning electron micrograph of a resistant dextrin reacted with transglycosylase at 400MPa, 16 h;
FIG. 6 is an X-ray diffraction pattern of a resistant dextrin without high pressure treatment and 400MPa reacted with transglycosylase 16h.
Detailed Description
In the following examples:
the enzyme activity of the alpha-amylase is > 4000U/g;
the enzyme activity of the transglycosidase is 6000U/g;
measuring and calculating standard of the content of the resistant dextrin dietary fiber:
resistant dextrins were evaluated according to AOAC Method 2011.25 (AOAC International, 2012).
Establishing a diabetes mouse model and experimental ethics:
the diabetic mice model is obtained by injecting streptozotocin after high-sugar and high-fat feeding, and the successful modeling standard of the diabetic mice is that the blood sugar of the mice is measured to be stabilized at 20 mmol/L (> 18 mmol/L) after fasting 12 h. Mice experiments (injection, anesthesia, euthanasia, etc.) were performed after approval by the ethical committee.
Example 1
A method for preparing a more indigestible resistant dextrin using ultra high pressure treatment comprising the steps of:
1. starch acidification
Adding water into starch powder, adding water 40-50% based on starch dry weight, adding hydrochloric acid solution 10% based on starch dry weight after suspension, stirring thoroughly, filtering out water, drying at 40deg.C to obtain solid, pulverizing into powder, and sieving with 100 mesh sieve to obtain white powder.
2. Preparation of pyrodextrin
And (3) taking out the acidified starch powder in the step (1), placing the starch powder in a drying oven uniformly, and heating the starch powder in a drying oven at 170 ℃ for 2h to obtain the pyrodextrin. Determination of the structure of pyrodextrins also preserves the crystalline structure of the starch, and most of the alpha-1, 4 glycosidic linkages.
3. Ultra-high pressure treatment of pyrodextrin
And 2, treating the obtained pyrodextrin by an ultrahigh pressure device, wherein the ultrahigh pressure is set to 300 MPa, and the pyrodextrin is treated for 10 minutes respectively, and quickly returns to the atmospheric pressure after the treatment is finished. The crystalline structure and amorphous region of the original starch are partially destroyed, and the main chain of non-covalent bond and alpha-1, 4 glycosidic bond connection of the starch is partially changed.
4. Preparation of crude resistant dextrin
Adding 2 times of water into the ultra-high pressure treated pyrodextrin in the step 3, uniformly mixing, adding 0.4% of alpha-amylase, and carrying out water bath reaction at 70 ℃ for 2 h; after the reaction with alpha-amylase is finished, the temperature of the mixed solution is reduced to 55-60 ℃, and 0.3% of transglycosidase is added for reaction 16h.
5. Resistant dextrin finished product
And after the reaction with transglycosidase, obtaining a crude product of the resistant dextrin, and then decoloring, ion-exchange purifying and spray drying the crude product to obtain a finished product.
Example 2
A method for preparing a more indigestible resistant dextrin using ultra high pressure treatment comprising the steps of: 1. starch acidification
Adding water into starch powder, adding water 40-50% based on starch dry weight, adding hydrochloric acid solution 10% based on starch dry weight after suspension, stirring thoroughly, filtering out water, drying at 40deg.C to obtain solid, pulverizing into powder, and sieving with 100 mesh sieve to obtain white powder.
2. Preparation of pyrodextrin
And (3) taking out the acidified starch powder in the step (1), placing the starch powder in a drying oven uniformly, and heating the starch powder in a drying oven at 170 ℃ for 2 hours to obtain the pyrodextrin. Determination of the structure of pyrodextrins also preserves the crystalline structure of the starch, and most of the alpha-1, 4 glycosidic linkages.
3. Ultra-high pressure treatment of pyrodextrin
And 2, treating the obtained pyrodextrin by an ultrahigh pressure device, wherein the ultrahigh pressure is set to 400MPa, and the pyrodextrin is treated for 10 minutes respectively, and quickly returns to the atmospheric pressure after the treatment is finished. The crystalline structure and amorphous region of the original starch are partially destroyed, and the main chain of non-covalent bond and alpha-1, 4 glycosidic bond connection of the starch is partially changed.
4. Preparation of crude resistant dextrin
Adding 2 times of water into the ultra-high pressure treated pyrodextrin in the step 3, uniformly mixing, adding 0.4% of alpha-amylase, and reacting for 2 hours in a water bath at 70 ℃. After the reaction with alpha-amylase, the temperature of the mixed solution is reduced to 55-60 ℃, and 0.3% of transglycosidase is added for reaction for 16 hours.
5. Resistant dextrin finished product
And after the reaction with transglycosidase, obtaining a crude product of the resistant dextrin, and then decoloring, ion-exchange purifying and spray drying the crude product to obtain a finished product.
Example 3
A method for preparing a more indigestible resistant dextrin using ultra high pressure treatment comprising the steps of:
1. starch acidification
Adding water into starch powder, adding water 40-50% based on starch dry weight, adding hydrochloric acid solution 10% based on starch dry weight after suspension, stirring thoroughly, filtering out water, drying at 40deg.C to obtain solid, pulverizing into powder, and sieving with 100 mesh sieve to obtain white powder.
2. Preparation of pyrodextrin
And (3) taking out the acidified starch powder in the step (1), placing the starch powder in a drying oven uniformly, and heating the starch powder in a drying oven at 170 ℃ for 2h to obtain the pyrodextrin. Determination of the structure of pyrodextrins also preserves the crystalline structure of the starch, and most of the alpha-1, 4 glycosidic linkages.
3. Ultra-high pressure treatment of pyrodextrin
And 2, treating the obtained pyrodextrin by an ultrahigh pressure device, wherein the ultrahigh pressure is set to be 500MPa, and the pyrodextrin is treated for 10 minutes respectively, and quickly returns to the atmospheric pressure after the treatment is finished. The crystalline structure and amorphous region of the original starch are partially destroyed, and the main chain of non-covalent bond and alpha-1, 4 glycosidic bond connection of the starch is partially changed.
4. Preparation of crude resistant dextrin
Adding 2 times of water into the ultra-high pressure treated pyrodextrin in the step 3, uniformly mixing, adding 0.4% of alpha-amylase, and reacting for 2 hours in a water bath at 70 ℃. After the reaction with alpha-amylase, the temperature of the mixed solution is reduced to 55-60 ℃, and 0.3% of transglycosidase is added for reaction for 16 hours.
5. Resistant dextrin finished product
And after the reaction with transglycosidase, obtaining a crude product of the resistant dextrin, and then decoloring, ion-exchange purifying and spray drying the crude product to obtain a finished product.
Example 4
A method for preparing a more indigestible resistant dextrin using ultra high pressure treatment comprising the steps of:
1. starch acidification
Adding water into starch powder, adding water 40-50% based on starch dry weight, adding hydrochloric acid solution 10% based on starch dry weight after suspension, stirring thoroughly, filtering out water, drying at 40deg.C to obtain solid, pulverizing into powder, and sieving with 100 mesh sieve to obtain white powder.
2. Preparation of pyrodextrin
And (3) taking out the acidified starch powder in the step (1), placing the starch powder in a drying oven uniformly, and heating the starch powder in a drying oven at 170 ℃ for 2h to obtain the pyrodextrin. Determination of the structure of pyrodextrins also preserves the crystalline structure of the starch, and most of the alpha-1, 4 glycosidic linkages.
3. Ultra-high pressure treatment of pyrodextrin
And 2, treating the obtained pyrodextrin by an ultrahigh pressure device, wherein the ultrahigh pressure is set to 400MPa, and the pyrodextrin is treated for 10 minutes respectively, and quickly returns to the atmospheric pressure after the treatment is finished. The crystalline structure and amorphous region of the original starch are partially destroyed, and the main chain of non-covalent bond and alpha-1, 4 glycosidic bond connection of the starch is partially changed.
4. Preparation of crude resistant dextrin
Adding 2 times of water into the ultra-high pressure treated pyrodextrin in the step 3, uniformly mixing, adding 0.4% of alpha-amylase, and reacting for 2 hours in a water bath at 70 ℃. After the reaction with alpha-amylase, the temperature of the mixed solution is reduced to 55-60 ℃, and 0.3% of transglycosidase is added for reaction for 18 hours.
5. Resistant dextrin finished product
And after the reaction with transglycosidase, obtaining a crude product of the resistant dextrin, and then decoloring, ion-exchange purifying and spray drying the crude product to obtain a finished product.
Example 5
A method for preparing a more indigestible resistant dextrin using ultra high pressure treatment comprising the steps of:
1. starch acidification
Adding water into starch powder, adding water 40-50% based on starch dry weight, adding hydrochloric acid solution 10% based on starch dry weight after suspension, stirring thoroughly, filtering out water, drying at 40deg.C to obtain solid, pulverizing into powder, and sieving with 100 mesh sieve to obtain white powder.
2. Preparation of pyrodextrin
And (3) taking out the acidified starch powder in the step (1), placing the starch powder in a drying oven uniformly, and heating the starch powder in a drying oven at 170 ℃ for 2 hours to obtain the pyrodextrin. Determination of the structure of pyrodextrins also preserves the crystalline structure of the starch, and most of the alpha-1, 4 glycosidic linkages.
3. Ultra-high pressure treatment of pyrodextrin
And 2, treating the obtained pyrodextrin by an ultrahigh pressure device, wherein the ultrahigh pressure is set to 400MPa, and the pyrodextrin is treated for 10 minutes respectively, and quickly returns to the atmospheric pressure after the treatment is finished. The crystalline structure and amorphous region of the original starch are partially destroyed, and the main chain of non-covalent bond and alpha-1, 4 glycosidic bond connection of the starch is partially changed.
4. Preparation of crude resistant dextrin
Adding 2 times of water into the ultra-high pressure treated pyrodextrin in the step 3, uniformly mixing, adding 0.4% of alpha-amylase, and reacting for 2 hours in a water bath at 70 ℃.
Further, after the reaction with alpha-amylase is completed, the temperature of the mixed solution is reduced to 55-60 ℃, and 0.3% of transglycosidase is added for reaction for 20 hours.
5. Resistant dextrin finished product
And after the reaction with transglycosidase, obtaining a crude product of the resistant dextrin, and then decoloring, ion-exchange purifying and spray drying the crude product to obtain a finished product.
Comparative example 1 (no ultrahigh pressure treatment)
A method for preparing a more indigestible resistant dextrin comprising the steps of:
1. starch acidification
Adding water into starch powder, adding water 40-50% based on starch dry weight, adding hydrochloric acid solution 10% based on starch dry weight after suspension, stirring thoroughly, filtering out water, drying at 40deg.C to obtain solid, pulverizing into powder, and sieving with 100 mesh sieve to obtain white powder.
2. Preparation of pyrodextrin
And (3) taking out the acidified starch powder in the step (1), placing the starch powder in a drying oven uniformly, and heating the starch powder in a drying oven at 170 ℃ for 2h to obtain the pyrodextrin. Determination of the structure of pyrodextrins also preserves the crystalline structure of the starch, and most of the alpha-1, 4 glycosidic linkages.
3. Preparation of crude resistant dextrin
Adding 2 times of water into the ultra-high pressure treated pyrodextrin in the step 3, uniformly mixing, adding 0.4% of alpha-amylase, and reacting for 2 hours in a water bath at 70 ℃. After the reaction with alpha-amylase, the temperature of the mixed solution is reduced to 55-60 ℃, and 0.3% of transglycosidase is added for reaction for 18 hours.
4. Resistant dextrin finished product
And after the reaction with transglycosidase, obtaining a crude product of the resistant dextrin, and then decoloring, ion-exchange purifying and spray drying the crude product to obtain a finished product.
And (3) obtaining a crude product of the resistant dextrin after the reaction of the examples 1-5 and the comparative example 1 with the transglycosidase is finished, measuring the structural branching degree and the content of dietary fiber, carrying out structural characterization by adopting a scanning electron microscope, X-ray diffraction and the like, and measuring the hypoglycemic effect by matching with a diabetes mouse model.
The measurement results are shown in the following table:
it can be seen that the conditions of example 2 were determined to be optimal conditions by variable experiments.
Compared with the comparative example and the traditional method, the branching degree of the prepared crude product of the resistant dextrin can reach 50% in terms of structure, the content of dietary fiber is higher than 75% before decolorization and purification, and the blood sugar of a diabetic mouse can be reduced by about 12%. The indigestibility of the resistant dextrin is obviously improved mainly because the pyrodextrin is further destroyed after the ultrahigh pressure treatment, and the resistant dextrin comprises non-covalent bonds and an original crystalline structure. The small molecule sugars and short chains increase and the alpha-amylase and transglycosylase acquire more favorable structural basis and substrate for action. According to the invention, through adding the transglycosidase step, the branched chains in the pyrodextrin solution are combined with more small molecular sugar and short chains under the action of the transglycosidase. On one hand, the branching structure is increased, so that the branching degree is improved, the indigestibility of the resistant dextrin is improved, and the blood glucose reducing effect is obvious. On the other hand, the small molecular sugar and the short chain are fully utilized, and higher economic benefit of related enterprises is brought.
As can be seen from the scanning electron microscope measurement result, compared with the ellipse of unpressurized resistant dextrin particles, the resistant dextrin particles prepared by the novel process are irregularly blocky, have smooth surfaces and many gaps and have no cracks. After ultrahigh pressure treatment and addition of transglycosylase, the surface of the resistant dextrin became dense, with "stitched" nodes, and the tissue structure became more and more uniform and dense at 400 MPa.
Claims (3)
1. A method for preparing resistant dextrin with stronger indigestibility by using ultrahigh pressure treatment, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, starch acidification
Adding water into starch powder, wherein the water content is 40-50% based on the dry weight of starch, adding hydrochloric acid solution with the concentration of 10% based on the dry weight of starch after suspension, fully stirring, filtering out water, drying at 40 ℃ to form solid, pulverizing into powder, and sieving with 100 mesh sieve to obtain white powder;
s2, preparation of pyrodextrin
Placing the acidified white starch powder obtained in the step S1 in a baking oven uniformly, and heating at a high temperature to obtain pyrodextrin;
s3, carrying out ultra-high pressure treatment on the pyrodextrin
Placing the pyrodextrin obtained in the step S2 into an ultrahigh pressure device for ultrahigh pressure treatment, quickly recovering to normal pressure after the treatment is finished, and taking out after the pressure is balanced; the ultrahigh pressure treatment is set to be 400MPa, and the treatment time is 10min;
s4, preparation of resistant dextrin crude product
Adding 2 times of water into the ultra-high pressure treated pyrodextrin in the step S3, uniformly mixing, adding 0.25-0.5% of alpha-amylase, and carrying out water bath reaction at 70 ℃ for 2h, wherein stirring is continuously carried out during the period; after the reaction with alpha-amylase is finished, the temperature of the mixed solution is reduced to 55-60 ℃, 0.3-0.4% of transglycosidase is added for reaction for 16-18h;
s5, resistant dextrin finished product
And after the reaction with transglycosidase, obtaining a crude product of the resistant dextrin, and then decoloring, ion-exchange purifying and spray drying the crude product to obtain a finished product.
2. The method for preparing resistant dextrin with higher indigestibility by ultrahigh pressure treatment according to claim 1, characterized in that: and the reaction condition in the step S2 is that the pyrodextrin is obtained by heating for 2 hours in a drying oven at 170 ℃.
3. The method for preparing resistant dextrin with higher indigestibility by ultrahigh pressure treatment according to claim 1, characterized in that: the addition amount of the alpha-amylase in the step S4 is 0.4%, the addition amount of the transglycosidase is 0.3%, and the reaction time is 16 hours.
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