CN115047055B - Method and system for detecting lead ions by sensor - Google Patents

Method and system for detecting lead ions by sensor Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN115047055B
CN115047055B CN202210591752.4A CN202210591752A CN115047055B CN 115047055 B CN115047055 B CN 115047055B CN 202210591752 A CN202210591752 A CN 202210591752A CN 115047055 B CN115047055 B CN 115047055B
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
sensor
error
error correction
electrode
lead ions
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
CN202210591752.4A
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Other versions
CN115047055A (en
Inventor
王东杰
刘晓伟
高敬严
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Changyuan Cuisine Vocational And Technical College
Luoyang Vocational and Technical College
Original Assignee
Changyuan Cuisine Vocational And Technical College
Luoyang Vocational and Technical College
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Changyuan Cuisine Vocational And Technical College, Luoyang Vocational and Technical College filed Critical Changyuan Cuisine Vocational And Technical College
Priority to CN202210591752.4A priority Critical patent/CN115047055B/en
Publication of CN115047055A publication Critical patent/CN115047055A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN115047055B publication Critical patent/CN115047055B/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N27/00Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
    • G01N27/26Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating electrochemical variables; by using electrolysis or electrophoresis
    • G01N27/416Systems
    • G01N27/48Systems using polarography, i.e. measuring changes in current under a slowly-varying voltage

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analysing Materials By The Use Of Chemical Reactions (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analysing Biological Materials (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a method and a system for detecting lead ions by a sensor, wherein the method comprises the following steps: s1, preparing a sensor for detecting current intensity, wherein the sensor is formed by mixing quantum dots, enzyme and enzyme substrates; s2, dividing the electrolytic cell into a reference area and a detection area by using an alumina membrane electrode, placing a working electrode in the reference area, placing a reference electrode in the detection area, and electrically connecting the working electrode, the reference electrode and an electrochemical workstation to assemble a detection system; and S3, adding electrolyte solution into the reference area and the detection area, applying detection potential to the electrochemical workstation, adding lead ion aqueous solution into the reference area, measuring the change of photocurrent intensity between the reference electrode and the working electrode according to the change of fluorescence intensity of the quantum dots in the sensor, and analyzing the change of photocurrent intensity by adopting a differential pulse voltammetry to obtain a measured value of lead ion concentration so as to realize detection of lead ions. The method for detecting the lead ions accurately and rapidly detects the content of the lead ions.

Description

Method and system for detecting lead ions by sensor
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of electrochemical detection, and particularly relates to a method and a system for detecting lead ions by an N sensor.
Background
Heavy metal means that the relative density is 5g/cm 3 The above metals, wherein lead ions are typical. Exceeding the lead ion content in drinking water has important harm to human health, and can cause damage to brain and nervous system in different degrees. The world health organization recommends a safe level of 48nM for lead ion concentration in drinking water. Therefore, it is important to explore a method for sensitively detecting the concentration of lead ions.
The existing detection methods mainly comprise an atomic fluorescence spectrometry, an atomic absorption spectrometry, an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry and a surface enhanced Raman spectrometry, but the methods cannot rapidly detect the content of lead ions, are easy to be interfered by the outside, and have large fluctuation of test results.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly solves the technical problem of providing a method and a system for detecting lead ions by using a sensor, which is prepared by adopting quantum dots, enzyme and enzyme substrates, and is based on the inhibition effect of the lead ions on the enzyme activity, so that the quenching degree of the quantum dots is reduced, the current intensity is enhanced, and the content of the lead ions is accurately and rapidly detected.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts a technical scheme that: a method for detecting lead ions by a sensor, comprising the steps of:
s1, preparing a sensor for detecting current intensity, wherein the sensor is formed by mixing quantum dots, enzyme and enzyme substrates;
s2, placing the sensor in an electrolytic cell, and dividing the electrolytic cell into a reference area and a detection area by using an alumina membrane electrode, wherein the reference area is communicated with the detection area through the sensor; placing a working electrode in a reference area, placing a reference electrode in a detection area, and electrically connecting the working electrode, the reference electrode and an electrochemical workstation to assemble a detection system;
and S3, adding electrolyte solution into the reference area and the detection area, applying detection potential to the electrochemical workstation, adding lead ion aqueous solution into the reference area, measuring the change of photocurrent intensity between a reference electrode and a working electrode according to the change of fluorescence intensity of quantum dots in the sensor, and analyzing the change of photocurrent intensity by adopting a differential pulse voltammetry to obtain a measured value of lead ion concentration so as to realize detection of lead ions.
Further, the detection limit of the lead ion is 0.035nM.
Further, the sensor is made of quantum dots, enzyme and enzyme substrate, wherein the concentration of the quantum dots is 10 -6 ~10 -4 The concentration of the enzyme is 1-8U/mL, and the concentration of the enzyme substrate is 0.5-1 mol/L.
Further, the addition volume ratio of each component in the sensor is 1:0.1:1.
Further, the quantum dot is one of CdSe, cdS or PbS.
Further, the enzyme is one of ethanol oxidase, choline oxidase or glutathione oxidase.
Further, the enzyme substrate is one of glucose, choline or glutathione.
Further, the electrolyte solution is 1mmol/L BaSO 4 Solution or 1mmol/L NaCl solution.
Further, the working electrode is an Ag/AgCl electrode.
Further, the reference electrode is a platinum electrode.
Further, the method for detecting lead ions by the sensor further comprises the following steps:
s4, constructing an error correction library corresponding to the sensor, and correcting the measured value of the lead ion concentration based on the error correction library;
wherein constructing an error correction library corresponding to the sensor comprises:
obtaining a plurality of different first collocations of components mixed to form the sensor, the first collocations comprising: the volume ratio, the type and the concentration of each component;
acquiring a plurality of history error records corresponding to the first collocation scheme;
extracting an error amount in the history error record;
establishing a time axis, and representing the error amount on the time axis based on the record generation time of the history error record corresponding to the error amount;
acquiring a preset trigger frame, translating the trigger frame on the time axis, and calculating a two-to-two subtracted difference value of the error amount falling in the trigger frame each time in the translation process;
based on the error, a trigger index is calculated as follows:
wherein ,for the trigger index, D i D being the i-th difference of the two subtraction of the error amounts falling in the trigger frame 0 For a preset difference threshold, n is the total number of differences, H i Is an intermediate variable;
if the trigger index is greater than or equal to a preset trigger index threshold, calculating an average value of the error amounts falling in the trigger frame;
after the trigger frame translates on the time axis, calculating a first error correction coefficient based on each average value, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
wherein ,σ1 For the first error correction coefficient, J t For the t-th said average value, Z is the total number of said average values;
pairing the first error correction coefficient with the corresponding first collocation scheme to obtain a pairing item;
constructing an error correction library corresponding to the sensor based on each pairing item;
wherein correcting the measured value of the lead ion concentration based on the error correction library includes:
acquiring a current second collocation scheme of the sensor, and determining a second error correction coefficient corresponding to the second collocation scheme based on the error correction library;
and correcting the measured value of the lead ion concentration based on the second error correction coefficient, wherein a correction formula is as follows:
O′=O+σ 2
wherein O' is the measured value of the concentration of lead ions after correction, O is the measured value of the concentration of lead ions before correction, σ 2 And correcting the coefficient for the second error.
A system for detecting lead ions by using a sensor comprises the sensor, an alumina membrane electrode, an electrolytic cell, a working electrode, a reference electrode and an electrochemical workstation.
The beneficial effects of the invention are at least as follows:
1. the sensor is prepared from the quantum dots, the enzyme and the enzyme substrate, and is based on the inhibition effect of lead ions on the enzyme activity, so that the quenching degree of the quantum dots is reduced, the current intensity is enhanced, and the content of the lead ions is accurately and rapidly detected.
2. The detection method provided by the invention can play an important role in environmental comprehensive control, especially in emergency monitoring of lead ion pollutants and sudden events, and has a wide application prospect in the technical field of environmental monitoring.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is provided to enable those skilled in the art to more readily understand the advantages and features of the invention and to make a clear and concise definition of the scope of the invention.
In one embodiment, a method for detecting lead ions by a sensor includes the steps of:
s1, preparing a sensor for detecting current intensity, wherein the sensor is formed by mixing quantum dots, enzyme and enzyme substrates;
s2, placing the sensor in an electrolytic cell, and dividing the electrolytic cell into a reference area and a detection area by using an alumina membrane electrode, wherein the reference area is communicated with the detection area through the sensor; placing a working electrode in a reference area, placing a reference electrode in a detection area, and electrically connecting the working electrode, the reference electrode and an electrochemical workstation to assemble a detection system;
and S3, adding electrolyte solution into the reference area and the detection area, applying detection potential to the electrochemical workstation, adding lead ion aqueous solution into the reference area, measuring the change of photocurrent intensity between a reference electrode and a working electrode according to the change of fluorescence intensity of quantum dots in the sensor, and analyzing the change of photocurrent intensity by adopting a differential pulse voltammetry to obtain a measured value of lead ion concentration so as to realize detection of lead ions.
The detection limit of the lead ions is 0.035nM.
The sensor is made of quantum dots, enzyme and enzyme substrate, wherein the concentration of the quantum dots is 10 -6 ~10 - 4 The concentration of the enzyme is 1-8U/mL, and the concentration of the enzyme substrate is 0.5-1 mol/L.
The addition volume ratio of each component in the sensor is 1:0.1:1.
The quantum dot is one of CdSe, cdS or PbS.
The enzyme is one of ethanol oxidase, choline oxidase or glutathione oxidase.
The enzyme substrate is one of glucose, choline or glutathione.
The electrolyte solution is 1mmol/L BaSO 4 Solution or 1mmol/L NaCl solution.
The working electrode is an Ag/AgCl electrode.
The reference electrode is a platinum electrode.
Examples 1-3 are the components of the sensor of the present invention, and are specifically shown in the following table:
quantum dot (mol/L) Enzyme (U/mL) Enzyme substrate (mol/L)
Example 1 CdSe 10 -6 Ethanol oxidase 1 Choline 0.5
Example 2 PbS 10 -5 Choline oxidase 4 Glucose 0.7
Example 3 CdS 10 -4 Glutathione oxidase 8 Glutathione 1
The sensor of the present invention was subjected to a correlation performance test with the sensor of the prior art (EG sensor), and the test results were as follows:
sensor for detecting a position of a body Detection limit (nM) Object of detection
Example 1 0.035 Lead ions
Example 2 0.035 Lead ions
Example 3 0.035 Lead ions
EG 0.053 Lead ions
Therefore, the detection limit of the sensor is relatively low, and the sensor is superior to the EG sensor in the prior art.
In one embodiment, a method for detecting lead ions by a sensor further comprises:
s4, constructing an error correction library corresponding to the sensor, and correcting the measured value of the lead ion concentration based on the error correction library;
wherein constructing an error correction library corresponding to the sensor comprises:
obtaining a plurality of different first collocations of components mixed to form the sensor, the first collocations comprising: the volume ratio, the type and the concentration of each component;
acquiring a plurality of history error records corresponding to the first collocation scheme;
extracting an error amount in the history error record;
establishing a time axis, and representing the error amount on the time axis based on the record generation time of the history error record corresponding to the error amount;
acquiring a preset trigger frame, translating the trigger frame on the time axis, and calculating a two-to-two subtracted difference value of the error amount falling in the trigger frame each time in the translation process;
based on the error, a trigger index is calculated as follows:
wherein ,for the trigger index, D i D being the i-th difference of the two subtraction of the error amounts falling in the trigger frame 0 For a preset difference threshold, n is the total number of differences, H i Is an intermediate variable;
if the trigger index is greater than or equal to a preset trigger index threshold, calculating an average value of the error amounts falling in the trigger frame;
after the trigger frame translates on the time axis, calculating a first error correction coefficient based on each average value, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
wherein ,σ1 For the first error correction coefficient, J t For the t-th said average value, Z is the total number of said average values;
pairing the first error correction coefficient with the corresponding first collocation scheme to obtain a pairing item;
constructing an error correction library corresponding to the sensor based on each pairing item;
wherein correcting the measured value of the lead ion concentration based on the error correction library includes:
acquiring a current second collocation scheme of the sensor, and determining a second error correction coefficient corresponding to the second collocation scheme based on the error correction library;
and correcting the measured value of the lead ion concentration based on the second error correction coefficient, wherein a correction formula is as follows:
O′=O+σ 2
wherein O' is the measured value of the concentration of lead ions after correction, O is the measured value of the concentration of lead ions before correction, σ 2 And correcting the coefficient for the second error.
The working principle and the beneficial effects of the technical scheme are as follows:
because the components of the sensor are mixed and made into different components, the sensor has errors with different degrees when being used for detecting the concentration of lead ions, and in order to further improve the accuracy of the sensor for detecting the concentration of lead ions and the convenience when the sensor is used for detecting the concentration of lead ions, an error correction library corresponding to the sensor needs to be built in advance for error conditions. When a library is constructed, each component mixed to be manufactured into the sensor is matched randomly to obtain a first matching scheme, historical error data of the first matching scheme is obtained, a first error correction coefficient is determined based on the historical error data, and the first error correction coefficient is matched with the corresponding first matching scheme to be put in storage; the historical error data may be determined historically by the experimenter, the first error correction factor being, for example: +0.015. The historical error data comprises error quantity, the purpose of calculating the trigger index is to judge whether the data in the trigger frame is in a stable trend, namely whether the error condition is temperature or not, and if the data is stable, the error quantity can be used for calculating a first error correction coefficient; the trigger frame is a virtual frame of a time length. When the constructed error correction library is used, a current second matching scheme of the sensor is obtained, a corresponding second error correction coefficient is determined, and the measured value of the lead ion concentration is corrected correspondingly.
The foregoing description is only illustrative of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, and all equivalent structural changes made by the content of the present invention or direct or indirect application in other related technical fields are included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. A method for detecting lead ions by a sensor is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing a sensor for detecting current intensity, wherein the sensor comprisesThe sensor is formed by mixing quantum dots, enzyme and enzyme substrates, wherein the adding volume ratio is 1:0.1:1, and the concentration of the quantum dots is 10 -6 ~10 -4 mol/L, wherein the concentration of the enzyme is 1-8U/mL, and the concentration of the enzyme substrate is 0.5-1 mol/L;
s2, placing the sensor in an electrolytic cell, and dividing the electrolytic cell into a reference area and a detection area by using an alumina membrane electrode, wherein the reference area is communicated with the detection area through the sensor; placing a working electrode in a reference area, placing a reference electrode in a detection area, and electrically connecting the working electrode, the reference electrode and an electrochemical workstation to assemble a detection system;
s3, electrolyte solution is added into the reference area and the detection area, detection potential is applied to the electrochemical workstation, then lead ion aqueous solution is added into the reference area, the change of photocurrent intensity between a reference electrode and a working electrode is measured according to the change of fluorescence intensity of quantum dots in the sensor, and the change of photocurrent intensity is analyzed by adopting a differential pulse voltammetry method to obtain a measured value of lead ion concentration, so that lead ion is detected;
s4, constructing an error correction library corresponding to the sensor, and correcting the measured value of the lead ion concentration based on the error correction library;
wherein constructing an error correction library corresponding to the sensor comprises:
obtaining a plurality of different first collocations of components mixed to form the sensor, the first collocations comprising: the volume ratio, the type and the concentration of each component;
acquiring a plurality of history error records corresponding to the first collocation scheme;
extracting an error amount in the history error record;
establishing a time axis, and representing the error amount on the time axis based on the record generation time of the history error record corresponding to the error amount;
acquiring a preset trigger frame, translating the trigger frame on the time axis, and calculating a two-to-two subtracted difference value of the error amount falling in the trigger frame each time in the translation process;
based on the error, a trigger index is calculated as follows:
wherein ,for the trigger index, +.>A two-by-two subtraction of the error amount falling in the trigger frame>Difference(s)>For a preset difference threshold, +.>For the total number of said differences +.>Is an intermediate variable;
if the trigger index is greater than or equal to a preset trigger index threshold, calculating an average value of the error amounts falling in the trigger frame;
after the trigger frame translates on the time axis, calculating a first error correction coefficient based on each average value, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
wherein ,for said first error correction factor, +.>Is->Average value>A total number of the averages;
pairing the first error correction coefficient with the corresponding first collocation scheme to obtain a pairing item;
constructing an error correction library corresponding to the sensor based on each pairing item;
wherein correcting the measured value of the lead ion concentration based on the error correction library includes:
acquiring a current second collocation scheme of the sensor, and determining a second error correction coefficient corresponding to the second collocation scheme based on the error correction library;
and correcting the measured value of the lead ion concentration based on the second error correction coefficient, wherein a correction formula is as follows:
wherein ,for the corrected measurement of the lead ion concentration, +.>For the measurement of the lead ion concentration before correction, +.>For the second error correction coefficient;
the quantum dot is one of CdSe, cdS or PbS;
the enzyme is glutathione oxidase;
the enzyme substrate is glutathione.
2. A method for detecting lead ions by a sensor according to claim 1, wherein: the detection limit of the lead ions is 0.035nM.
3. A method for detecting lead ions by a sensor according to claim 1, wherein: the electrolyte solution is 1mmol/L NaCl solution.
4. A method for detecting lead ions by a sensor according to claim 1, wherein: the working electrode is an Ag/AgCl electrode.
5. A method for detecting lead ions by a sensor according to claim 1, wherein: the reference electrode is a platinum electrode.
CN202210591752.4A 2022-05-27 2022-05-27 Method and system for detecting lead ions by sensor Active CN115047055B (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202210591752.4A CN115047055B (en) 2022-05-27 2022-05-27 Method and system for detecting lead ions by sensor

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202210591752.4A CN115047055B (en) 2022-05-27 2022-05-27 Method and system for detecting lead ions by sensor

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN115047055A CN115047055A (en) 2022-09-13
CN115047055B true CN115047055B (en) 2023-09-12

Family

ID=83160263

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN202210591752.4A Active CN115047055B (en) 2022-05-27 2022-05-27 Method and system for detecting lead ions by sensor

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN115047055B (en)

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2012026994A (en) * 2010-07-28 2012-02-09 Funai Electric Advanced Applied Technology Research Institute Inc Enzyme sensor and detection target substance measuring method using enzyme sensor
CN102608092A (en) * 2012-03-28 2012-07-25 哈尔滨工业大学 Fluorescence biosensor for detecting high-sensitivity copper ionss and detection method thereof
JP2012154886A (en) * 2011-01-28 2012-08-16 Hitachi High-Technologies Corp Electrode for electrochemical measurement and electrochemical analyzer
CN106018506A (en) * 2016-05-11 2016-10-12 中国科学院新疆理化技术研究所 Method for detecting lead ions by utilizing electrochemical sensor
CN109709175A (en) * 2019-02-25 2019-05-03 广东海洋大学 A kind of lead ion detection method based on nanochannel electrochemical sensor
CN109933031A (en) * 2019-03-26 2019-06-25 沈阳铝镁设计研究院有限公司 A kind of system and method automatically correcting soft measuring instrument according to analysis data

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2012026994A (en) * 2010-07-28 2012-02-09 Funai Electric Advanced Applied Technology Research Institute Inc Enzyme sensor and detection target substance measuring method using enzyme sensor
JP2012154886A (en) * 2011-01-28 2012-08-16 Hitachi High-Technologies Corp Electrode for electrochemical measurement and electrochemical analyzer
CN102608092A (en) * 2012-03-28 2012-07-25 哈尔滨工业大学 Fluorescence biosensor for detecting high-sensitivity copper ionss and detection method thereof
CN106018506A (en) * 2016-05-11 2016-10-12 中国科学院新疆理化技术研究所 Method for detecting lead ions by utilizing electrochemical sensor
CN109709175A (en) * 2019-02-25 2019-05-03 广东海洋大学 A kind of lead ion detection method based on nanochannel electrochemical sensor
CN109933031A (en) * 2019-03-26 2019-06-25 沈阳铝镁设计研究院有限公司 A kind of system and method automatically correcting soft measuring instrument according to analysis data

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
侯亚妮 ; 虞菲 ; 董娇 ; 同乐倩 ; 党怡洁 ; .CdS量子点荧光法测定甘草片中铅离子的含量.化工管理.2019,(第16期),全文. *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN115047055A (en) 2022-09-13

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
Jesny et al. Non‐enzymatic Electrochemical Sensor for the Simultaneous Determination of Xanthine, its Methyl Derivatives Theophylline and Caffeine as well as its Metabolite Uric Acid
áBrynn Hibbert et al. A sulfite biosensor fabricated using electrodeposited polytyramine: application to wine analysis
Wang et al. Application of a single-wall carbon nano-tube film electrode to the determination of trace amounts of folic acid
KR102142647B1 (en) Artificial Neural Network Model-Based Methods, Apparatus, Learning starategy and Systems for Analyte Analysis
Wang et al. Covalent modification of glassy carbon electrode with L-cysteine for the determination of acetaminophen
Kutyła-Olesiuk et al. Monitoring of beer fermentation based on hybrid electronic tongue
Tadesse et al. Cyclic voltammetric investigation of caffeine at anthraquinone modified carbon paste electrode
Ensafi et al. Voltammetric determination of glutathione in haemolysed erythrocyte and tablet samples using modified‐multiwall carbon nanotubes paste electrode
KR101357134B1 (en) Method for Measuring Analytes in Blood Samples Using Electrochemical Biosensor and a Portable Analyzer
Yi et al. Voltammetric determination of ciprofloxacin based on the enhancement effect of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) at carbon paste electrode
CN110646495A (en) Convolution current voltammetry for detecting vitamin content in blood sample
Guedes da Silva et al. Electrochemical determination of norepinephrine on cathodically pretreated poly (1, 5‐diaminonaphthalene) modified electrode
Kassem et al. Electroanalysis of pyridoxine at copper nanoparticles modified polycrystalline gold electrode
CN115047055B (en) Method and system for detecting lead ions by sensor
Mohabis et al. An overview of recent advances in the detection of ascorbic acid by electrochemical techniques
Zhao et al. A study on the adsorption voltammetry of the iron (III)-2-(5'-bromo-2'-pyridylazo)-5-diethylaminophenol system
CN102809590B (en) Lithium-ion test method of electrolyte analyzer
Şahin et al. Determination of ascorbic acid by polypyrrole potentiometric detector in ion chromatography
Luo Determination of folic acid by adsorptive stripping voltammetry at the static mercury drop electrode
Attia et al. Electroanalytical determination of gemifloxacin mesylate in bulk, tablets and human urine using gold nanoparticles modified carbon paste electrode
Ciepiela et al. Principal components–based techniques in Voltammetric determination of Caffeic, Syringic and Vanillic acids
Rao et al. Electrochemical reduction behaviour of donepezil at β-cyclodextrin modified carbon paste electrode
Lou et al. Carbon Nanotubes/Ionophore modified electrode for anodic stripping determination of lead
Xing et al. Electrochemical behavior of apigenin at a glassy carbon electrode and its analytical application
Stefan-van Staden et al. Determination of L-and D-fucose using amperometric electrodes based on diamond paste

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PB01 Publication
PB01 Publication
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
GR01 Patent grant
GR01 Patent grant