CN115045697B - Use method of sleeve expansion type large-deformation prestress hydraulic expansion grouting anchor rod - Google Patents
Use method of sleeve expansion type large-deformation prestress hydraulic expansion grouting anchor rod Download PDFInfo
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- CN115045697B CN115045697B CN202210522576.9A CN202210522576A CN115045697B CN 115045697 B CN115045697 B CN 115045697B CN 202210522576 A CN202210522576 A CN 202210522576A CN 115045697 B CN115045697 B CN 115045697B
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- hydraulic expansion
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 120
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 230000008093 supporting effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 35
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003032 molecular docking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D21/00—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection
- E21D21/0026—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection characterised by constructional features of the bolts
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D20/00—Setting anchoring-bolts
- E21D20/02—Setting anchoring-bolts with provisions for grouting
- E21D20/028—Devices or accesories for injecting a grouting liquid in a bore-hole
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D21/00—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection
- E21D21/008—Anchoring or tensioning means
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D21/00—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection
- E21D21/0086—Bearing plates
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)
Abstract
The application discloses a use method of a sleeve expansion type large-deformation prestress hydraulic expansion grouting anchor rod. The method comprises the following steps: installing a sleeve expansion type large-deformation prestress hydraulic expansion grouting anchor rod; step two: an anchor bolt support; when the surface of the tray and the surrounding rock is in a void state, the inner rod body is fixed in the drill hole through the anchoring agent to provide axial anchoring force, and the friction force generated by deformation of the inner rod body and the middle sleeve is used for providing axial anchoring force; providing radial anchoring force through expansion deformation of the hydraulic expansion shell and close contact between the hydraulic expansion shell and the borehole wall; the continuous supporting force is provided for the surrounding rock, and the surrounding rock is continuously supported through the sleeve expansion type large-deformation prestress hydraulic expansion grouting anchor rod. The application has the advantages of convenient use, capability of simultaneously applying axial and radial prestress of the rod body, large deformation and grouting, and wide application range.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of rock-soil body anchoring, in particular to a use method of a sleeve expansion type large-deformation prestress hydraulic expansion grouting anchor rod, and particularly relates to a use method of a large-deformation anchor rod capable of simultaneously applying axial and radial prestress of a rod body, grouting is carried out on surrounding rock for reinforcement, and when cracking, caving or rock burst of a plate occur on the surrounding rock, the surface of a tray and the surrounding rock is loosened, and the anchor rod still has a certain supporting effect. The application also relates to a using method of the sleeve expansion type large-deformation prestress hydraulic expansion grouting anchor rod.
Background
As an active supporting mode, the prestressed anchor rod has the outstanding characteristic of providing supporting force rapidly compared with the common bonding anchor rod. By applying active prestressing, the stress state of the rock mass is improved, the stress concentration degree of surrounding rock is relieved, and cracks in the surrounding rock are promoted to be closed, and crack expansion and penetration are restrained in time; the prestress anchor rod applies a supporting force on the surface of the surrounding rock by virtue of the base plate, a certain supporting surrounding pressure is provided for the surrounding rock, and then the damage of the surrounding rock can be effectively restrained, the prestress anchor rod is used as an economic and effective supporting arm section, the deformation condition of the tunnel/tunnel surrounding rock can be obviously improved, but part of the tunnel is broken by a plate, a ledge and rock burst, so that the surface of the tray and the surrounding rock is void, the prestress of the anchor rod is lost, the anchor rod is invalid, and the supporting requirement of rock mass engineering excavation cannot be met.
Therefore, it is necessary to develop a method of using an anchor rod that still has a supporting force when the tray is released from the surrounding rock surface.
Disclosure of Invention
The application aims to provide a use method of a sleeve expansion type large-deformation prestress hydraulic expansion grouting anchor rod, which is convenient to use, can apply axial and radial prestress and large deformation of the anchor rod at the same time, and has wide application range; after the tray and the surrounding rock are in the void, the hydraulic expansion shell is tightly attached to the hole wall after being expanded, so that a certain friction force is provided, and the axial direction of the rod body still has a pretightening force. The continuous supporting force is provided for the surrounding rock; the defect that the axial and radial prestress and large deformation and grouting of the rod body cannot be applied simultaneously by the existing anchor rod is overcome, and the problem that the anchoring force is invalid after the surface of the tray and the surrounding rock is loosened is solved.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the application is as follows: the application method of the sleeve expansion type large-deformation prestress hydraulic expansion grouting anchor rod is characterized by comprising the following steps of: comprises the following steps of the method,
step one: installing a sleeve expansion type large-deformation prestress hydraulic expansion grouting anchor rod;
the inner rod body is anchored in the rock mass through an anchoring agent, the middle sleeve is fixed on the rock mass through a damping gasket, a tray and a nut, and the axial anchoring force application of the sleeve expansion type large-deformation prestress hydraulic expansion grouting anchor rod body is realized;
the water injection hole is used for injecting water, so that the hydraulic expansion shell is expanded and deformed and clings to the wall of a drilled hole, and the radial anchoring force of the sleeve expansion type large-deformation prestress hydraulic expansion grouting anchor rod body is applied; so far, the installation of the sleeve expansion type large-deformation prestress hydraulic expansion grouting anchor rod is completed;
step two: an anchor bolt support;
when the surrounding rock is deformed, the function of large deformation of the sleeve expansion type large-deformation prestress hydraulic expansion grouting anchor rod structure is realized by the relative sliding of the inner rod body in the middle sleeve and the expansion of the middle sleeve through the conical structure to provide friction force, the supporting of the surrounding rock is realized, and the bearing capacity of the surrounding rock is improved;
when the surface of the tray and the surrounding rock is in a void state, the inner rod body is fixed in the drill hole through the anchoring agent to provide axial anchoring force, and the friction force generated by deformation of the inner rod body and the middle sleeve is used for providing axial anchoring force; providing radial anchoring force through expansion deformation of the hydraulic expansion shell and close contact between the hydraulic expansion shell and the borehole wall; at this time, the whole sleeve expansion type large-deformation prestress hydraulic expansion grouting anchor rod still has prestress, continuous supporting force is provided for surrounding rocks, and the surrounding rocks are continuously supported through the sleeve expansion type large-deformation prestress hydraulic expansion grouting anchor rod.
In the technical scheme, in the second step, grouting reinforcement is performed according to needs, grouting liquid sequentially flows into a gap between the inner rod body and the drilling hole through the grouting main hole and the grouting branch hole, the inner rod body and the wall of the drilling hole are bonded, and meanwhile cracks generated in the surrounding rock large deformation process are blocked, surrounding rock is reinforced, and surrounding rock integrity and surrounding rock bearing capacity are improved.
In the technical scheme, the sleeve expansion type large-deformation prestress hydraulic expansion grouting anchor rod comprises an anchoring agent, an inner rod body, a middle sleeve, a hydraulic expansion shell, a tray and a detachable pushing rod;
the anchoring agent, the inner rod body and the hydraulic expansion shell are all positioned in the drilled hole;
the hydraulic expansion shell is formed by radially bending a steel pipe; the hydraulic expansion shell is sleeved on the periphery of the middle sleeve, and both ends of the hydraulic expansion shell are welded on the middle sleeve; the water injection hole is arranged on the middle sleeve and communicated with the hydraulic expansion shell;
one end of the inner rod body is fixed in the drill hole through an anchoring agent, and the other end of the inner rod body is positioned in the middle sleeve;
one end of the detachable pushing rod is arranged in the middle sleeve and is in butt joint with the conical structure, and the other end of the detachable pushing rod extends out of the middle sleeve;
one end of the middle sleeve is positioned in the drilling hole, and the other end extends out of the drilling hole and is fixed on the rock mass through the nut and the tray;
grouting holes are formed in the inner rod body and the detachable pushing rod;
the conical structure is positioned at the end part of the rod body;
a through hole structure is arranged in the middle sleeve, and comprises a first through hole structure, a second through hole structure and a third through hole structure; the first through hole structure, the second through hole structure and the third through hole structure are communicated in sequence; the inner diameter of the first through hole structure is smaller than that of the third through hole structure; the second through hole structure is an expanded diameter structure; the inner diameter of one end of the second through hole structure is equal to the inner diameter of the first through hole structure, and the inner diameter of the other end of the second through hole structure is equal to the inner diameter of the third through hole structure;
the end part of the inner rod body is provided with a conical structure; the inner rod body is positioned in the first through hole structure; the conical structure is positioned in the second through hole structure and the third through hole structure;
the inner diameter of the first through hole structure is larger than or equal to the outer diameter of the inner rod body and smaller than the outer diameter of the conical structure; the outer diameter of the conical structure is smaller than or equal to the inner diameter of the third through hole structure.
In the technical scheme, the butt joint groove is arranged on the conical structure;
one end of the detachable pushing rod is positioned in the butt joint groove and is in butt joint with the inner rod body, and the other end of the detachable pushing rod extends out of the middle sleeve.
In the technical scheme, the hydraulic expansion shell is installed in the drilling hole after being compressed.
In the technical scheme, the hydraulic expansion shell is compressed into a flower shape or wave shape, then is arranged in the drill hole and is sleeved on the periphery of the middle sleeve.
In the technical scheme, the damping gasket is arranged between the tray and the rock mass and covers the drill hole;
the outer diameter of the damping washer is larger than the outer diameter of the drill hole.
In the technical scheme, the grouting holes are formed in the inner rod body and the detachable pushing rod.
In the technical scheme, the grouting holes comprise grouting main holes and grouting branch holes;
the grouting main hole is of a through hole structure;
one end of the grouting branch hole is communicated with the grouting main hole, and the other end of the grouting branch hole is arranged on the outer wall of the inner rod body.
In the technical scheme, the grouting main hole penetrates through the inner rod body; the length of the grouting main hole is longer than that of the inner rod body;
the grouting branch holes are in staggered arrangement.
In order to achieve the second object of the present application, the technical solution of the present application is as follows:
the application has the following advantages:
(1) According to the application, anchoring agent is used for providing anchoring force (namely, one end of an inner rod body is anchored in a drilling hole through the anchoring agent), damping gaskets, a tray and nuts are used for providing axial pretightening force of the rod body, a hydraulic expansion shell after water injection expansion is used for providing radial pretightening force of the rod body, so that the pretightening force is applied to the rod body in the axial direction and the radial direction simultaneously, the inner rod body slides relatively in a middle sleeve, and friction force is provided by expanding the middle sleeve through a conical head, and the large deformation function of the anchor rod structure is realized; after the tray and the surrounding rock are in the void state, the hydraulic expansion shell is tightly attached to the hole wall after being expanded, so that a certain friction force exists, the axial direction of the sleeve expansion type large-deformation prestress hydraulic expansion grouting anchor rod body still has a pretightening force, and continuous supporting force is provided for the surrounding rock; the defect that the axial and radial prestress and large deformation of the rod body cannot be applied to the existing anchor rod at the same time is overcome, and the problem that the anchoring force is invalid after the surface of the tray and the surrounding rock is loosened is solved;
(2) After the surrounding rock is deformed, the anchor rod structure is elongated, in the elongation process, the inner rod body relatively slides in the middle sleeve and the middle sleeve is expanded through the conical structure to provide friction force, the whole anchor rod still has prestress, continuous supporting force is provided for the surrounding rock, and meanwhile, large deformation is realized;
(3) A large number of cracks can be generated in the surrounding rock large deformation process, grouting is carried out through grouting holes to strengthen the surrounding rock, and the surrounding rock integrity and the surrounding rock bearing capacity are improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic axial structure of a sleeve expansion type large-deformation prestress hydraulic expansion grouting anchor rod.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the radial structure of the sleeve expansion type large-deformation prestress hydraulic expansion grouting anchor rod.
FIG. 3 is an enlarged schematic view of the relative dislocation position of the sleeve expansion type large deformation prestress hydraulic expansion grouting anchor rod of the application.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the sleeve expansion type large deformation prestress hydraulic expansion grouting anchor rod before and after water injection expansion.
Fig. 5 is a schematic axial structure of the present application after water injection expansion.
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the radial structure of the present application after water injection expansion.
Fig. 7 is a schematic view of the working structure of the present application after a large deformation.
Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the working structure of the application when the junction between the pallet and the surrounding rock surface is void.
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the working structure of the tray of the present application when the surrounding rock has cracks and the junction of the tray and the surrounding rock surface is void.
In fig. 4, C represents the hydraulic expansion shell after compression and before deformation; d represents the hydraulic expansion shell after expansion deformation.
In fig. 8, B represents a void portion at the junction of the tray and the surrounding rock surface.
In fig. 9, a represents a crack; and B represents a void portion at the junction of the pallet and the surrounding rock surface.
In the figure, 1-anchoring agent, 2-inner rod body, 2.1-conical structure, 2.2-butt joint groove, 3-drilling, 4-middle sleeve, 4.1-first through hole structure, 4.2-second through hole structure, 4.3-third through hole structure, 5-hydraulic expansion shell, 6-rock mass, 7-damping gasket, 8-nut, 9-water injection hole, 10-tray, 11-detachable pushing rod, 12-water, 13-grouting hole, 13.1-grouting main hole and 13.2-grouting branch hole.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the application is, therefore, not to be taken in a limiting sense, but is made merely by way of example. While making the advantages of the present application clearer and more readily understood by way of illustration.
The prior publication number is CN113123817, a large-deformation prestress hydraulic expansion anchor rod is a patent application of the applicant of the application applied for 29 days in 2021, 04 month, and the applicant finds that the patent application with the publication number of CN113123817 integrally fixes the anchor rod in a drill hole through a nut in the working process to serve as an axial fixing force to prevent the anchor rod from falling out of the drill hole; the inner pushing head and the inner hydraulic expansion shell are rubbed and deformed, and the inner hydraulic expansion shell and the inner push head simultaneously provide axial fixing force; after water injection, the hydraulic expansion shell expands, the hydraulic expansion inner shell deforms, and the injected water pressure is exerted on the inner wall of the drill hole at the same time, so that radial fixing force is provided; however, the end parts of the inner shell and the end part of the outer shell are not bonded with the bottoms of the drilling holes, and when the tray and the surrounding rock surface are loosened, the anchor rod and the nut have no points of force and the anchoring force are invalid after the tray and the surrounding rock surface are loosened under the condition that the tray and the nut are loosened. The application aims to solve the problem that the anchoring force is invalid after the surface of the tray and the surrounding rock is emptied in the patent application with the publication number of CN 113123817. According to the application, the anchor rod is integrally fixed in the drill hole through the nut, and meanwhile, the inner rod is adhered to the bottom of the drill hole through the adhesive to serve as an axial fixing force, so that the anchor rod is prevented from falling out of the drill hole; after water injection, under the action of water, the middle sleeve 4 is tightly attached to the inner rod body 2 to provide axial fixing force; after water injection, the hydraulic expansion shell 5 deforms and expands, and is applied to the inner wall of the drill hole to provide radial fixing force. When the surface of the tray and the surrounding rock is in a void, the inner rod body 2, the middle sleeve 4 and the hydraulic expansion shell 5 form a whole with the drill hole under the action of the anchoring agent and the water body, and even if the nut 8 is loosened, the inner rod body 2, the middle sleeve 4 and the hydraulic expansion shell 5 which are the whole do not loosen, and still have axial and radial force on the drill hole. And simultaneously, grouting and reinforcing can be carried out on cracks generated in the surrounding rock large deformation process, so that the integrity and the bearing capacity of the surrounding rock are improved.
According to the application, the radial prestress of the rod body is applied to the drill hole through the radial expansion of the hydraulic expansion shell 5, the axial prestress of the rod body is applied through the damping gasket 7, the tray 10 and the nut 8, and the axial and radial prestress application of the rod body of the anchor rod is realized.
As can be seen with reference to the accompanying drawings: the application method of the sleeve expansion type large-deformation prestress hydraulic expansion grouting anchor rod is characterized by comprising the following steps of: comprises the following steps of the method,
step one: installing a sleeve expansion type large-deformation prestress hydraulic expansion grouting anchor rod;
the inner rod body 2 is anchored in the rock mass 6 through the anchoring agent 1, the middle sleeve 4 is fixed on the rock mass 6 through the damping gasket 7, the tray 10 and the nut 8, and the axial anchoring force application of the sleeve expansion type large-deformation prestress hydraulic expansion grouting anchor rod body is realized;
the water injection is carried out through the water injection hole 9, so that the expansion deformation and the inner diameter of the hydraulic expansion shell 5 are enlarged, the hydraulic expansion shell is clung to the hole wall of the drill hole 3 (the water injection hole is arranged on the hole wall of the middle sleeve 4, water is injected into the water injection hole through the high-pressure water injection pump, the water enters the hydraulic expansion shell 5 to realize the expansion of the hydraulic expansion shell 5), the radial anchoring force of the sleeve expansion type large-deformation prestress hydraulic expansion grouting anchor rod body is applied, and the installation of the sleeve expansion type large-deformation prestress hydraulic expansion grouting anchor rod is completed;
step two: an anchor bolt support;
when the surrounding rock is deformed, the function of large deformation of the sleeve expansion type large-deformation prestress hydraulic expansion grouting anchor rod structure is realized by the relative sliding of the inner rod body 2 in the middle sleeve 4 and the friction force provided by expanding the middle sleeve 4 through the conical structure 2.1 (as shown in fig. 4), the support of the surrounding rock is realized, and the bearing capacity of the surrounding rock is improved;
when the tray is in a void with the surface of the surrounding rock, the inner rod body 2 is fixed in the drill hole through the anchoring agent 1 to provide axial anchoring force, and the friction force generated by the relative movement and deformation of the inner rod body 2 and the middle sleeve 4 is used for providing axial anchoring force; providing radial anchoring force by expansion deformation of the hydraulic expansion shell 5 and close contact between the hydraulic expansion shell 5 and the wall of the borehole 3; at this time, the whole sleeve expansion type large-deformation prestress hydraulic expansion grouting anchor rod still has prestress, continuous supporting force is provided for surrounding rocks, and the surrounding rocks are continuously supported through the sleeve expansion type large-deformation prestress hydraulic expansion grouting anchor rod.
In fig. 4, the hydraulic expansion shell 5 is in a state before being expanded, after the hydraulic expansion shell 5 is expanded, the sleeve 4 is expanded in the whole elongation process of the sleeve expansion type large-deformation prestress hydraulic expansion grouting anchor rod, and the diameter of the sleeve expansion type large-deformation prestress hydraulic expansion grouting anchor rod is enlarged after the sleeve expansion type large-deformation prestress hydraulic expansion grouting anchor rod is expanded.
When the surrounding rock cannot be prevented from cracking, caving or exploding, the surface of the tray and the surrounding rock are loosened, and the hydraulic expansion shell 5 is tightly contacted with the hole wall and has the radial anchoring force of the rod body and the axial anchoring force (one end of the inner rod body 2 is fixed at the bottom end of the hole of the drill hole 3 through the anchoring agent 1, and the axial anchoring force is continuously provided when the surface of the tray and the surrounding rock is loosened due to the cracking, caving and exploding of the plate and the surrounding rock in part of the roadway), so that the anchor rod still has a certain supporting effect. The application relates to a sleeve expansion type large deformation prestress hydraulic expansion grouting anchor rod, which aims at adapting to surrounding rock deformation and continuously providing anchoring force; the defect that the anchor rod cannot adapt to surrounding rock deformation in the prior art, the anchor rod can be broken in the surrounding rock deformation process, and the supporting effect cannot be achieved is overcome.
Further, in the second step, grouting is performed according to the requirement to strengthen the surrounding rock, grouting liquid sequentially flows into a gap between the inner rod body 2 and the drilling hole 3 through the grouting main hole 13.1 and the grouting branch hole 13.2, the inner rod body 2 and the drilling hole 3 are bonded, and meanwhile cracks which can be generated in the surrounding rock large deformation process are blocked, the surrounding rock is strengthened, and the surrounding rock integrity and the surrounding rock bearing capacity are improved.
Further, the sleeve expansion type large-deformation prestress hydraulic expansion grouting anchor rod comprises an anchoring agent 1, an inner rod body 2, a middle sleeve 4, a hydraulic expansion shell 5, a tray 10 and a detachable pushing rod 11;
the anchoring agent 1, the inner rod body 2 and the hydraulic expansion shell 5 are all positioned in the drilling hole 3;
the hydraulic expansion shell 5 is formed by radially bending a steel pipe, and the purpose is to reduce the diameter of the hydraulic expansion shell 5; the hydraulic expansion shell 5 is sleeved on the periphery of the middle sleeve 4, and both ends of the hydraulic expansion shell are welded on the middle sleeve 4; the two ends of the steel pipe are welded with the middle sleeve 4, so that the air tightness is ensured;
the water injection hole 9 is arranged on the middle sleeve 4 and is communicated with the hydraulic expansion shell 5; the inner part of the middle sleeve 4 is provided with a water injection hole 9, and external water enters the hydraulic expansion shell 5 through the water injection hole 9;
the water injection hole 9 is used for injecting water into the cavity of the hydraulic expansion shell 5 to expand the hydraulic expansion shell 5, the outer shell of the hydraulic expansion shell 5 is clung to the wall of the drilling hole 3 and the inner shell is clung to the inner rod body 2 under the pressure of water in the cavity of the hydraulic expansion shell 5, so that one end of the inner rod body 2 is fixed at the orifice end of the drilling hole 3, and simultaneously, radial anchoring force is continuously provided when the surface of a tray and the surface of the surrounding rock are loosened due to plate cracking, ledge and rock burst before and after the surrounding rock is damaged;
one end of the inner rod body 2 is fixed in the drilling hole 3 through the anchoring agent 1, and the other end is positioned in the middle sleeve 4; the other end of the inner rod body 2 is fixed at the bottom end of the hole of the drilling hole 3 through the anchoring agent 1, and axial anchoring force is continuously provided when the surface of the tray and the surrounding rock is empty due to plate cracking, ledge and rock burst of part of the roadway before and after the surrounding rock is damaged;
one end of the detachable pushing rod 11 is arranged in the middle sleeve 4 and is in butt joint with the conical structure 2.1, and the other end extends out of the middle sleeve 4;
one end of the middle sleeve 4 is positioned in the drilling hole 3, and the other end extends out of the drilling hole 3 and is fixed on the rock mass 6 through the nut 8 and the tray 10;
grouting holes 13 are formed in the inner rod body 2 and the detachable pushing rod 11;
the conical structure 2.1 is positioned at the end part of the rod body 2.1;
a through hole structure is arranged in the middle sleeve 4 and comprises a first through hole structure 4.1, a second through hole structure 4.2 and a third through hole structure 4.3; the first through hole structure 4.1, the second through hole structure 4.2 and the third through hole structure 4.3 are communicated in sequence; the inner diameter of the first via structure 4.1 is smaller than the inner diameter of the third via structure 4.3; the second through hole structure 4.2 is an expanded diameter structure; the inner diameter of one end of the second through hole structure 4.2 is equal to the inner diameter of the first through hole structure 4.1, and the inner diameter of the other end is equal to the inner diameter of the third through hole structure 4.3;
the end part of the inner rod body 2 is provided with a conical structure 2.1; the inner rod body 2 is positioned in the first through hole structure 4.1; the conical structures 2.1 are located within the second 4.2 and third 4.3 via structures;
the inner diameter of the first through hole structure 4.1 is larger than or equal to the outer diameter of the inner rod body 2 and smaller than the outer diameter of the conical structure 2.1; the outer diameter of the conical structure 2.1 is smaller than or equal to the inner diameter of the third through-hole structure 4.3. When the surrounding rock is deformed, the function of large deformation of the sleeve expansion type large-deformation prestress hydraulic expansion grouting anchor rod structure is realized (as shown in fig. 4) by the relative sliding of the inner rod body 2 in the middle sleeve 4 and the friction force provided by expanding the middle sleeve 4 through the conical structure 2.1, the supporting of the surrounding rock is realized, and the bearing capacity of the surrounding rock is improved.
Further, the docking groove 2.2 is provided on the conical structure 2.1;
one end of a detachable pushing rod 11 is positioned in the butt joint groove 2.2 and is in butt joint with the inner rod body 2, the other end of the detachable pushing rod extends out of the middle sleeve 4, and the inner rod body 2 is fixed at the bottom of the hole of the drilling hole 3 through the detachable pushing rod 11 and the anchoring agent 1.
Further, the hydraulic expansion housing 5 is installed in the borehole 3 after being compressed. The water injection 12 is carried out through the water injection port 9, so that the hydraulic expansion shell 5 is expanded and greatly deformed, and the radial anchoring force is continuously applied before and after the surface of the tray and the surrounding rock is emptied.
Further, the hydraulic expansion shell 5 is installed in the drill hole 3 after being compressed to be in a special shape (such as flower shape or wave shape, etc.), and is sleeved on the periphery of the middle sleeve 4, the hydraulic expansion shell 5 has the function of large structural deformation, and the anchor rod still has a certain supporting effect on the surrounding rock when the tray and the surrounding rock surface are in a void due to the existence of the radial anchoring force of the rod body and the close contact of the hydraulic expansion shell and the hole wall. The hydraulic expansion shell 5 is a round steel pipe before expansion, is pressed into special-shaped size (such as flower-shaped, wave-shaped and the like, and aims to reduce the size of the hydraulic expansion shell, thereby reducing the overall outer diameter size formed by the hydraulic expansion shell 5, the middle sleeve 4 and the inner rod body 2), and the size of the compressed hydraulic expansion shell is reduced, so that the hydraulic expansion shell is convenient to put into a drill hole.
Further, the inner rod body 2 is cylindrical; the conical structure 2.1 is in a frustum-shaped structure;
one end of the middle sleeve 4 is a cylinder, and the other end is a frustum structure.
Further, a damping shim 7 is arranged between the tray 10 and the rock mass 6 and covers the borehole 3;
the damping washer 7 has an outer diameter which is larger than the outer diameter of the bore hole 3.
Further, the grouting holes 13 are formed inside the inner rod body 2 and the detachable pushing rod 11, grouting is performed on surrounding rock to strengthen the surrounding rock when needed, and grouting through the grouting holes has an inhibition effect on cracking, caving and rock burst of the surrounding rock plate.
Further, the grouting holes 13 comprise grouting main holes 13.1 and grouting branch holes 13.2;
the grouting main hole 13.1 is of a through hole structure; two ends of the grouting main hole 13.1 are respectively flush with two ends of the rod body 3;
one end of the grouting branch hole 13.2 is communicated with the grouting main hole 13.1, the other end of the grouting branch hole is arranged on the outer wall of the rod body 3, grouting slurry sequentially flows into the drill hole 2 through the grouting main hole 13.1 and the grouting branch hole 13.2, so that surrounding rock is reinforced, and cracking, ledge and rock burst of the surrounding rock are restrained.
Further, the grouting main hole 13.1 penetrates through the inner rod body 2; the length of the grouting main hole 13.1 is longer than that of the inner rod body 2;
the grouting branch holes 13.2 are multiple, the grouting branch holes 13.2 are staggered, the grouting branch holes 13.2 are arranged on the grouting main hole 13.1, grouting efficiency is improved, the whole drilling length is covered, and grouting effect is improved. The grouting liquid flows into the gap between the rod body 3 and the drilling hole and the surrounding rock crack through the grouting main hole 13.1 and the grouting branch hole 13.2 in sequence, and bonds the rod body 3 and the drilling hole.
The anchoring agent in the application adopts epoxy resin glue for bonding the rod body and the displacement into a whole.
In order to more clearly illustrate the advantages of the sleeve expansion type large-deformation prestress hydraulic expansion grouting anchor rod compared with the prior art, a worker compares the two technical schemes, and the comparison result is shown in the following table:
compared with the prior art, the use method of the sleeve expansion type large-deformation prestress hydraulic expansion grouting anchor rod provides pretightening force through friction between the hydraulic expansion shell and the borehole wall, can still provide three-dimensional stress for surrounding rock after the surrounding rock and the tray are in a void state, can perform grouting to strengthen the surrounding rock, is high in applicability, is suitable for supporting the surrounding rock of a general rock body, and can still provide supporting effect when the surrounding rock and the tray are in a void state.
Other non-illustrated parts are known in the art.
Claims (9)
1. The application method of the sleeve expansion type large-deformation prestress hydraulic expansion grouting anchor rod is characterized by comprising the following steps of: comprises the following steps of the method,
step one: installing a sleeve expansion type large-deformation prestress hydraulic expansion grouting anchor rod;
the sleeve expansion type large-deformation prestress hydraulic expansion grouting anchor rod comprises an anchoring agent (1), an inner rod body (2), a middle sleeve (4), a hydraulic expansion shell (5), a tray (10) and a detachable pushing rod (11);
the anchoring agent (1), the inner rod body (2) and the hydraulic expansion shell (5) are all positioned in the drilling hole (3);
the hydraulic expansion shell (5) is formed by radially bending a steel pipe; the hydraulic expansion shell (5) is sleeved on the periphery of the middle sleeve (4), and both ends of the hydraulic expansion shell are welded on the middle sleeve (4); the water injection hole (9) is arranged on the middle sleeve (4) and is communicated with the hydraulic expansion shell (5);
one end of the inner rod body (2) is fixed in the drilling hole (3) through the anchoring agent (1), and the other end of the inner rod body is positioned in the middle sleeve (4);
one end of the detachable pushing rod (11) is arranged in the middle sleeve (4) and is in butt joint with the conical structure (2.1), and the other end extends out of the middle sleeve (4);
one end of the middle sleeve (4) is positioned in the drilling hole (3), and the other end extends out of the drilling hole (3) and is fixed on the rock mass (6) through the nut (8) and the tray (10);
grouting holes (13) are formed in the inner rod body (2) and the detachable pushing rod (11);
a through hole structure is arranged in the middle sleeve (4), and comprises a first through hole structure (4.1), a second through hole structure (4.2) and a third through hole structure (4.3); the first through hole structure (4.1), the second through hole structure (4.2) and the third through hole structure (4.3) are communicated in sequence; the inner diameter of the first through hole structure (4.1) is smaller than the inner diameter of the third through hole structure (4.3); the second through hole structure (4.2) is an expanded diameter structure; the inner diameter of one end of the second through hole structure (4.2) is equal to the inner diameter of the first through hole structure (4.1), and the inner diameter of the other end is equal to the inner diameter of the third through hole structure (4.3);
the end part of the inner rod body (2) is provided with a conical structure (2.1); the inner rod body (2) is positioned in the first through hole structure (4.1); the conical structure (2.1) is positioned in the second through hole structure (4.2) and the third through hole structure (4.3);
the inner diameter of the first through hole structure (4.1) is larger than or equal to the outer diameter of the inner rod body (2) and smaller than the outer diameter of the conical structure (2.1); the outer diameter of the conical structure (2.1) is smaller than or equal to the inner diameter of the third through hole structure (4.3);
the inner rod body (2) is anchored in the rock body (6) through the anchoring agent (1), the middle sleeve (4) is fixed on the rock body (6) through the damping gasket (7), the tray (10) and the nut (8), and the axial anchoring force application of the sleeve expansion type large-deformation prestress hydraulic expansion grouting anchor rod body is realized;
the water injection hole (9) is used for injecting water, so that the hydraulic expansion shell (5) is expanded and deformed and clings to the wall of the drilling hole (3), and the radial anchoring force of the sleeve expansion type large-deformation prestress hydraulic expansion grouting anchor rod body is applied; so far, the installation of the sleeve expansion type large-deformation prestress hydraulic expansion grouting anchor rod is completed;
step two: an anchor bolt support;
when surrounding rock is deformed, the inner rod body (2) relatively slides in the middle sleeve (4) and the friction force is provided by expanding the middle sleeve (4) through the conical structure (2.1), so that the function of large deformation of the sleeve expansion type large-deformation prestress hydraulic expansion grouting anchor rod structure is realized, the axial force and the radial force of the rod body are continuously applied to the surrounding rock, the support of the surrounding rock is realized, and the bearing capacity of the surrounding rock is improved;
when the tray is in a void with the surface of the surrounding rock, the inner rod body (2) is fixed in the drill hole through the anchoring agent (1) to provide axial anchoring force, and the friction force generated by deformation of the inner rod body (2) and the middle sleeve (4) is used for providing axial anchoring force; radial anchoring force is provided by expansion deformation of the hydraulic expansion shell (5), and the hydraulic expansion shell (5) is tightly contacted with the wall of the hole of the drill hole (3);
when the tray and the surrounding rock surface are in a void, under the action of the anchoring agent and the water body, the inner rod body (2), the middle sleeve (4) and the hydraulic expansion shell (5) form a whole with the drill hole, even if the nut (8) is loosened, the inner rod body (2), the middle sleeve (4) and the hydraulic expansion shell (5) which are the whole do not loosen, and still have axial and radial force on the drill hole;
at this time, the whole sleeve expansion type large-deformation prestress hydraulic expansion grouting anchor rod still has prestress, continuous supporting force is provided for surrounding rocks, and the surrounding rocks are continuously supported through the sleeve expansion type large-deformation prestress hydraulic expansion grouting anchor rod.
2. The method for using the sleeve expansion type large-deformation prestress hydraulic expansion grouting anchor rod according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: in the second step, grouting reinforcement is carried out according to the requirement, grouting slurry sequentially flows into a gap between the inner rod body (2) and the drilling hole through the grouting main hole (13.1) and the grouting branch hole (13.2), the inner rod body (2) and the wall of the drilling hole (3) are bonded, and meanwhile cracks generated in the surrounding rock large deformation process are blocked, surrounding rock is reinforced, and surrounding rock integrity and surrounding rock bearing capacity are improved.
3. The method for using the sleeve expansion type large-deformation prestress hydraulic expansion grouting anchor rod according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the butt joint groove (2.2) is arranged on the conical structure (2.1);
one end of the detachable pushing rod (11) is positioned in the butt joint groove (2.2) and is in butt joint with the inner rod body (2), and the other end extends out of the middle sleeve (4).
4. A method of using a sleeve-expanded large-deformation prestressed hydraulically-expanded grouting bolt according to claim 3, wherein: the hydraulic expansion shell (5) is arranged in the drilling hole (3) after being compressed.
5. The method for using the sleeve expansion type large-deformation prestress hydraulic expansion grouting anchor rod according to claim 4, which is characterized in that: the hydraulic expansion shell (5) is arranged in the drilling hole (3) after being compressed into a flower shape and is sleeved on the periphery of the middle sleeve (4).
6. The method for using the sleeve expansion type large-deformation prestress hydraulic expansion grouting anchor rod according to claim 5, which is characterized in that: the damping gasket (7) is arranged between the tray (10) and the rock mass (6) and covers the drill hole (3);
the outer diameter of the damping gasket (7) is larger than the outer diameter of the drilling hole (3).
7. The method for using the sleeve expansion type large-deformation prestress hydraulic expansion grouting anchor rod according to claim 6, which is characterized in that: the grouting holes (13) are arranged in the inner rod body (2) and the detachable pushing rod (11).
8. The method for using the sleeve expansion type large-deformation prestress hydraulic expansion grouting anchor rod according to claim 7, which is characterized in that: the grouting holes (13) comprise grouting main holes (13.1) and grouting branch holes (13.2);
the grouting main hole (13.1) is of a through hole structure;
one end of the grouting branch hole (13.2) is communicated with the grouting main hole (13.1), and the other end is arranged on the outer wall of the inner rod body (2).
9. The method for using the sleeve expansion type large-deformation prestress hydraulic expansion grouting anchor rod according to claim 8, which is characterized in that: the grouting main hole (13.1) penetrates through the inner rod body (2); the length of the grouting main hole (13.1) is longer than that of the inner rod body (2);
the grouting branch holes (13.2) are in a plurality of staggered arrangement, and the grouting branch holes (13.2).
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| CN202210522576.9A CN115045697B (en) | 2022-05-13 | 2022-05-13 | Use method of sleeve expansion type large-deformation prestress hydraulic expansion grouting anchor rod |
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| CN202210522576.9A CN115045697B (en) | 2022-05-13 | 2022-05-13 | Use method of sleeve expansion type large-deformation prestress hydraulic expansion grouting anchor rod |
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1073501A (en) * | 1991-12-19 | 1993-06-23 | 新汶矿务局 | Hydraulic expansion type anchor stock is prevented the roof fall of coal face wall caving |
| CA2792155A1 (en) * | 2011-10-18 | 2013-04-18 | Eric W. Smith | Rock bolt sealing system |
| CN212898561U (en) * | 2020-08-31 | 2021-04-06 | 义煤集团宜阳义络煤业有限责任公司 | Anchor grouting time indicating device for coal roadway support |
| CN113123817A (en) * | 2021-04-29 | 2021-07-16 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Application method of large-deformation prestress hydraulic expansion anchor rod |
-
2022
- 2022-05-13 CN CN202210522576.9A patent/CN115045697B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1073501A (en) * | 1991-12-19 | 1993-06-23 | 新汶矿务局 | Hydraulic expansion type anchor stock is prevented the roof fall of coal face wall caving |
| CA2792155A1 (en) * | 2011-10-18 | 2013-04-18 | Eric W. Smith | Rock bolt sealing system |
| CN212898561U (en) * | 2020-08-31 | 2021-04-06 | 义煤集团宜阳义络煤业有限责任公司 | Anchor grouting time indicating device for coal roadway support |
| CN113123817A (en) * | 2021-04-29 | 2021-07-16 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Application method of large-deformation prestress hydraulic expansion anchor rod |
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