CN115045618A - Underwater rock-soil drilling equipment and underwater rock-soil exploration method - Google Patents
Underwater rock-soil drilling equipment and underwater rock-soil exploration method Download PDFInfo
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- CN115045618A CN115045618A CN202210960866.1A CN202210960866A CN115045618A CN 115045618 A CN115045618 A CN 115045618A CN 202210960866 A CN202210960866 A CN 202210960866A CN 115045618 A CN115045618 A CN 115045618A
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- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 157
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 87
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 43
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 37
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 241001330002 Bambuseae Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 34
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 4
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000282414 Homo sapiens Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/12—Underwater drilling
- E21B7/136—Underwater drilling from non-buoyant support
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B15/00—Supports for the drilling machine, e.g. derricks or masts
- E21B15/02—Supports for the drilling machine, e.g. derricks or masts specially adapted for underwater drilling
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B3/00—Rotary drilling
- E21B3/02—Surface drives for rotary drilling
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B49/00—Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells
- E21B49/02—Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells by mechanically taking samples of the soil
- E21B49/025—Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells by mechanically taking samples of the soil of underwater soil, e.g. with grab devices
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)
- Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses underwater rock-soil drilling equipment and an underwater rock-soil exploration method, and relates to the technical field of exploration equipment. Underwater rock-soil drilling equipment comprises a sinking part and further comprises: the drilling part is detachably connected to the sinking part and comprises a mounting seat, a first drilling head and a second drilling head, wherein the first drilling head is rotatably connected below the mounting seat, and the second drilling head is rotatably connected above the mounting seat; a first spiral earth scraper is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the first drilling probe; the drilling part is completely penetrated into the lower part of the seabed rock soil by more than half a meter, the limiting wheel is used for limiting to prevent the mounting seat from rotating, and then the pressure exerted by soil slurry positioned above the drilling part and the rotation of the spiral earth scraper enable stress to be generated between the spiral earth scraper and the rock soil so that the drilling part is continuously penetrated into the lower part of the rock soil layer, the drilling part is not limited by the length of the drill rod, and a rock soil sample in the deep layer of the seabed rock soil can be conveniently taken, so that the exploration range is expanded.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of exploration equipment, and particularly relates to underwater rock-soil drilling equipment and an underwater rock-soil exploration method.
Background
With the continuous acceleration of the pace of developing deep water resources by human beings and the fact that engineering technologies related to the development of deep water resources have become one of the hot points of technological innovation in the world industrial history, underwater rock-soil drilling equipment is mainly used for sampling and exploring mineral resources below seabed rock-soil.
At present, when the ground carries out the sampling test under water, especially when carrying out the sample investigation to the ground layer of deep sea bottom, because drilling equipment need immerse the seabed, consequently be not convenient for increase the length of drilling rod, and for the convenience of at the marine transportation, drilling equipment generally adopts shorter drilling rod, is subject to the influence that drilling rod length is not enough, and the sample that the ground of seabed was got is generally in the shallow soil layer, and the scope of exploration remains to be improved.
The present invention has been made in view of this situation.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem underlying the present invention is to overcome the disadvantages of the prior art and to provide an underwater geotechnical drilling apparatus and an underwater geotechnical prospecting method which overcome or at least partially solve the above problems.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
underwater rock-soil drilling equipment comprises a sinking part and further comprises: the drilling part is detachably connected to the sinking part and comprises a mounting seat, a first drilling head and a second drilling head, wherein the first drilling head is rotatably connected below the mounting seat, and the second drilling head is rotatably connected above the mounting seat; a first spiral earth scraper is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the first drilling probe; a second spiral earth scraper which has the same spiral direction as the first spiral earth scraper is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the second drilling probe; a sliding groove is formed in the first drilling probe; the side wall of the mounting head is fixedly connected with a sliding block, the sliding block is connected in the sliding groove in a sliding mode, and the side wall is provided with a plurality of layers of storage grooves with outward openings; an installation cavity is formed in the installation seat, a hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected in the installation cavity, an installation groove is formed in the outer wall of the installation seat, and the output end of the hydraulic cylinder extends to the installation groove and is rotatably connected with a limiting wheel; the first driving part is arranged in the mounting cavity and used for driving the first drilling head and the second drilling head to rotate; and the second driving part is arranged in the mounting cavity and used for driving the mounting head to lift.
In order to enable the first drilling head and the second drilling head to rotate, preferably, the first driving part comprises a first motor, a mounting plate is fixedly connected in the mounting cavity, the first motor is fixedly connected at the top of the mounting plate, an oil cylinder is fixedly connected at the top of the mounting cavity, an outer toothed ring is rotatably connected on the outer wall of the oil cylinder, a first transmission straight gear meshed with the outer toothed ring is fixedly connected on an output shaft of the first motor, rotary grooves are formed in the inner walls of the first drilling head and the second drilling head, a conical toothed ring is fixedly connected in the rotary grooves, a second transmission shaft is rotatably connected on the mounting seat, the second transmission shaft extends into the rotary grooves, a transmission bevel gear meshed with the conical toothed ring is fixedly connected in the rotary grooves, a first transmission shaft is rotatably connected on the mounting plate, and a second transmission straight gear meshed with the outer toothed ring is fixedly connected on the first transmission shaft, the second transmission shaft extends into the installation cavity and rotates synchronously with the first transmission shaft through the bevel gear set.
Preferably, the pneumatic cylinder includes fixed connection and is in the urceolus in the installation cavity, sliding connection has the sealing rod on the urceolus, the one end that the sealing rod stretches out the urceolus extends to in the mounting groove, spacing round rotates to be connected on the sealing rod.
Preferably, the inside sliding connection of oil section of thick bamboo has the piston plate, the top of piston plate is the oil groove, the reposition of redundant personnel chamber has been seted up to the bottom of oil section of thick bamboo, the reposition of redundant personnel chamber is linked together through oil pipe and oil groove, the reposition of redundant personnel chamber is linked together with the urceolus.
In order to facilitate the installation head to extend out of the first drilling head, preferably, the second driving part comprises a second motor fixedly connected to the bottom of the installation plate, the bottom of the installation plate is rotatably connected with a threaded telescopic rod, an output end of the threaded telescopic rod is fixedly connected with a connecting plate, the connecting plate is rotatably connected with the installation head, and an output shaft of the second motor and an outermost threaded cylinder of the threaded telescopic rod synchronously rotate through a straight gear set.
In order to facilitate the activity of the piston plate, preferably, the top fixedly connected with installation pipe of mount pad, the first electro-magnet of top fixedly connected with of installation pipe, sliding connection has the second electro-magnet in the installation pipe, the bottom fixedly connected with sleeve of second electro-magnet, sliding connection has the slide bar on the sleeve, the slide bar extends to in the oil groove and links to each other with the piston plate is fixed, the cover has the spring on the slide bar, the both ends of spring offset with slide bar and sleeve respectively.
In order to make this equipment fall into the seabed for the convenience, preferably, the portion of sinking includes first install bin, the bottom of first install bin is provided with the third electro-magnet, the recess corresponding with first electro-magnet is seted up to the bottom of third electro-magnet, fixedly connected with wall pipe on the lateral wall of first install bin, fixedly connected with second install bin on the wall pipe, fixedly connected with third motor and gearbox in the second install bin, the input of gearbox links to each other with the output shaft of third motor is fixed, fixedly connected with screw on the output shaft at the top of gearbox.
Preferably, an output shaft at the bottom of the gearbox extends to the outside of the second mounting box and is fixedly connected with a soil drilling screw rod.
In order to facilitate power supply, preferably, the oil cylinder and the second installation box are both fixedly connected with a steel wire rope sleeve, and a cable is fixedly connected in the steel wire rope sleeve.
An underwater geotechnical exploration method comprises the following steps:
moving a drilling part to the water bottom through a sinking part and inserting a drilling soil screw rod into rock soil on the sea bottom;
step two, making the drilling part completely enter the mud layer for at least half a meter;
thirdly, enabling the limiting wheels to abut against the inner wall of the rock soil hole;
step four, enabling the empty storage groove on the mounting head to extend out of the first drilling probe for sampling;
step five, the mounting head is accommodated into the first drilling head, and the notch of the storage tank is sealed by the first drilling head;
and step six, the equipment is taken back to the ship, and rock and soil in the storage tank are taken out for detection, so that exploration is completed.
After adopting the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: according to the invention, the drilling part completely penetrates more than half a meter below the seabed rock soil, the limiting wheel is used for limiting to prevent the mounting seat from rotating, and then the pressure exerted by soil slurry above the drilling part and the rotation of the spiral scraper blade generate stress between the spiral scraper blade and the rock soil to enable the drilling part to continuously penetrate into the rock soil layer, so that a deep rock soil sample of the seabed rock soil is conveniently taken, and the exploration range is enlarged.
The following describes embodiments of the present invention in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention without limiting the invention to the right. It is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments, and that for a person skilled in the art, other drawings can be derived from them without inventive effort.
In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view illustrating an underwater earth boring device according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a perspective sectional view of an underwater earth boring apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of an underwater earth boring device A shown in FIG. 2 according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a perspective cross-sectional view illustrating a drilling part of the underwater earth boring device according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view illustrating an explosive structure of a drilling part of the underwater rock-soil drilling apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a drilling part of the underwater earth boring device according to the present invention;
fig. 7 is a sectional view of a first installation case of an underwater earth boring device according to the present invention.
100. A mounting seat; 101. mounting grooves; 102. a mounting cavity; 103. installing a pipe; 104. a first electromagnet; 200. a first drilling head; 201. a chute; 202. a first spiral scraper; 300. a second drilling head; 301. a second spiral scraper; 302. rotating the groove; 400. an oil cylinder; 401. a piston plate; 4011. an oil sump; 4012. a shunting cavity; 4013. an oil pipe; 402. a sleeve; 403. a slide bar; 404. a spring; 405. a second electromagnet; 500. an outer cylinder; 501. a sealing rod; 502. a limiting wheel; 600. mounting a plate; 601. a first motor; 602. a first transmission spur gear; 603. an outer ring gear; 604. a first drive shaft; 605. a second transmission spur gear; 607. a second drive shaft; 608. a bevel gear set; 609. a drive bevel gear; 610. a conical gear ring; 700. a mounting head; 701. a storage tank; 702. a slider; 800. a second motor; 802. a threaded telescopic rod; 803. a connecting plate; 804. a spur gear set; 900. a first installation box; 901. a wall pipe; 902. a second installation box; 903. a third motor; 904. a gearbox; 905. a propeller; 906. drilling a soil screw rod; 1000. a steel wire rope sleeve; 1001. and (3) a cable.
It should be noted that the drawings and the description are not intended to limit the scope of the inventive concept in any way, but to illustrate it by a person skilled in the art with reference to specific embodiments.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and the following embodiments are used for illustrating the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
Example (b): referring to fig. 1 to 7, the underwater rock-soil drilling apparatus includes a subsidence part, and further includes: the drilling part is detachably connected to the sinking part and comprises a mounting seat 100, a first drilling head 200 and a second drilling head 300, wherein the first drilling head 200 and the second drilling head 300 are respectively and rotatably connected to the lower part of the mounting seat 100; a first spiral scraper blade 202 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the first drilling head 200; a second spiral earth-shoveling knife 301 which has the same spiral direction as the first spiral earth-shoveling knife 202 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the second drilling head 300; a chute 201 is arranged in the first drilling probe 200; a mounting head 700, a slider 702 is fixedly connected to a side wall, the slider 702 is slidably connected to the chute 201, and a plurality of layers of storage slots 701 with outward openings are formed in the side wall; an installation cavity 102 is formed in the installation seat 100, a hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected in the installation cavity 102, an installation groove 101 is formed in the outer wall of the installation seat 100, and the output end of the hydraulic cylinder extends to the installation groove 101 and is rotatably connected with a limiting wheel 502; the first driving part is arranged in the mounting cavity 102 and is used for driving the first drilling head 200 and the second drilling head 300 to rotate; the second driving part is arranged in the mounting cavity 102 and used for driving the mounting head 700 to ascend and descend, the first driving part comprises a first motor 601, the mounting cavity 102 is internally and fixedly connected with a mounting plate 600, the first motor 601 is fixedly connected to the top of the mounting plate 600, the top of the mounting cavity 102 is fixedly connected with an oil cylinder 400, the outer wall of the oil cylinder 400 is rotatably connected with an outer toothed ring 603, the output shaft of the first motor 601 is fixedly connected with a first transmission straight gear 602 meshed with the outer toothed ring 603, the inner walls of the first drilling head 200 and the second drilling head 300 are both provided with a rotary groove 302, the rotary groove 302 is internally and fixedly connected with a conical toothed ring 610, the mounting seat 100 is rotatably connected with a second transmission shaft 607, the second transmission shaft 607 extends into the rotary groove 302 and is fixedly connected with a transmission bevel gear 609 meshed with the conical toothed ring 610, the mounting plate 600 is rotatably connected with a first transmission shaft 604, the first transmission shaft 604 is fixedly connected with a second transmission straight gear 605 meshed with the outer toothed ring 603, a second transmission shaft 607 extends into the mounting cavity 102 and rotates synchronously with the first transmission shaft 604 through a bevel gear set 608; the hydraulic cylinder comprises an outer cylinder 500 fixedly connected in the installation cavity 102, a sealing rod 501 is connected to the outer cylinder 500 in a sliding mode, one end, extending out of the outer cylinder 500, of the sealing rod 501 extends into the installation groove 101, and a limiting wheel 502 is connected to the sealing rod 501 in a rotating mode; a piston plate 401 is connected to the inside of the oil cylinder 400 in a sliding manner, an oil groove 4011 is formed in the top of the piston plate 401, a flow dividing cavity 4012 is formed in the bottom of the oil cylinder 400, the flow dividing cavity 4012 is communicated with the oil groove 4011 through an oil pipe 4013, and the flow dividing cavity 4012 is communicated with the outer cylinder 500; the second driving part comprises a second motor 800 fixedly connected to the bottom of the mounting plate 600, the bottom of the mounting plate 600 is rotatably connected with a threaded telescopic rod 802, the output end of the threaded telescopic rod 802 is fixedly connected with a connecting plate 803, the connecting plate 803 is rotatably connected with the mounting head 700, and the output shaft of the second motor 800 and the threaded cylinder at the outermost layer of the threaded telescopic rod 802 synchronously rotate through a spur gear set 804; the top fixedly connected with installation pipe 103 of mount pad 100, the first electro-magnet 104 of top fixedly connected with of installation pipe 103, sliding connection has second electro-magnet 405 in installation pipe 103, the bottom fixedly connected with sleeve 402 of second electro-magnet 405, sliding connection has slide bar 403 on sleeve 402, slide bar 403 extends to in the oil groove 4011 and is fixed continuous with piston plate 401, the cover has spring 404 on slide bar 403, the both ends of spring 404 offset with slide bar 403 and sleeve 402 respectively.
Referring to fig. 1 to 7, the drilling head is moved to the bottom of the sea by the sinking portion and inserted under the soil of the sea bottom, and at the same time, the first motor 601 is activated, the output shaft of the first motor 601 rotates the spur gear 602, the first driving spur gear 602 rotates the outer gear ring 603 on the oil cylinder 400, the outer gear ring 603 rotates the second driving spur gear 605, the second driving spur gear 605 rotates the first driving shaft 604, the first driving shaft 604 rotates the second driving shaft 607 through the bevel gear set 608, the second driving shaft 607 rotates the bevel gear ring 610 through the bevel gear 609, the two sets of bevel gears 610 synchronously rotate the first drilling head 200 and the second drilling head 300, the first drilling head 200 rotates the mounting head 700 through the slider 702, and the bottom of the mounting head 700 is tapered, thereby improving the soil breaking effect.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 2, fig. 3 and fig. 7, the sinking portion includes first install bin 900, the bottom of first install bin 900 is provided with the third electro-magnet, the bottom of third electro-magnet is seted up and is had the recess corresponding with first electro-magnet 104, fixedly connected with wall pipe 901 on the lateral wall of first install bin 900, fixedly connected with second install bin 902 on the wall pipe 901, fixedly connected with third motor 903 and gearbox 904 in the second install bin 902, the input of gearbox 904 is fixed continuous with the output shaft of third motor 903, fixedly connected with screw propeller 905 on the output shaft at the top of gearbox 904, the output shaft of gearbox 904 bottom extends to the outer fixedly connected with of second install bin 902 and bores native lead screw 906.
Referring to fig. 1, 2, 3 and 7, when the third motor 903 is started, the output shaft of the third motor 903 rotates the input shaft of the gearbox 904 (the gearbox 904 is a double-output shaft gearbox, which is not described herein), the gear set inside the gearbox 904 is used for speed increase, the output shaft of the gearbox 904 rotates at high speed, the output shaft at the top of the gearbox 904 rotates the propeller 905, so that recoil force is generated between the propeller and water to move the whole device to the bottom of the sea, so that the device moves to the bottom of the deep sea, when the device is lowered to the bottom of the deep sea, the propeller 905 continues to rotate, the output shaft at the bottom of the gearbox 904 enables the earth drilling screw 906, the bottom of the earth drilling screw 906 is a pointed cone, after the device moves to the sea, the pointed cone is inserted into the soil at the sea bottom under the recoil force generated by the operation of the propeller 905, and the rotation of the pointed cone enhances the soil breaking capability of the output shaft at the bottom of the gearbox 904, so that the output shaft at the bottom of the gearbox 904 goes deep into the ground of the sea bottom, then the third motor 903 stops working, the two output shafts of the gearbox 904 stop rotating, and the threads on the earth drilling screw 906 are clamped with the soil on the sea bottom, so that the equipment is prevented from rising under the buoyancy of water; furthermore, in the present invention, a balancer and a controller may be further installed in the first installation box 900, the balancer senses the levelness of the equipment in the seawater, transmits data to the controller installed in the first installation box 900, and controls the output rotation speed of the four sets of the third motors 903 by using the controller, so that the equipment is balanced, and the equipment is prevented from being toppled when moving to the seabed, thereby preventing the rock soil on the seabed from being drilled and sampled.
Referring to fig. 1, 2, 3, 6 and 7, it should be noted that a steel wire rope sleeve 1000 is fixedly connected to each of the oil cylinder 400 and the second installation box 902, a cable 1001 is fixedly connected to the inside of the steel wire rope sleeve 1000, the cable 1001 is electrically connected to the motor, the steel wire rope sleeve 1000 is made of a steel wire rope, the other ends of the cable 1001 and the steel wire rope sleeve 1000 are wound on a winch installed on a ship transporting the device, so that the sinking portion entering the deep sea and the drilling portion are powered on conveniently, the drilling portion can go deep into the ground below the sea floor to work, and the steel wire rope sleeve 1000 can also be used for dragging the drilling portion and the sinking portion, thereby preventing the propeller 905 and the like from being damaged to cause the device to be incapable of being recovered.
Referring to fig. 1-7, during drilling, under the action of a reverse thrust generated by a propeller 905, a drilling earth screw 906 is inserted into the ground and is drilled into the soil on the seabed through the drilling earth screw 906, so as to improve the stability between the device and the seabed ground, while the drilling earth screw 906 is inserted into the ground, a first drilling probe 200 and a second drilling probe 300 rotate simultaneously to enable a drilling part to drill into a rock-soil layer on the seabed, a connecting rod is fixedly connected to the bottom of a third electromagnet, the bottom of the connecting rod is an iron block and is magnetically connected with a second electromagnet 405, and when the drilling part is not separated from a sinking part, the mounting tube 103 is limited through the two connecting rods and the second electromagnet 405, so that the mounting seat 100 is limited, the mounting seat 100 is prevented from rotating, and the two drilling probes are prevented from driving the mounting seat 100 to rotate;
referring to fig. 2-7, when the sinking portion stops sinking and the drilling portion continues to descend, the first electromagnet 104 is energized to generate magnetic force, the magnetic pole of the first electromagnet 104 is the same as that of the third electromagnet, so that the first electromagnet 104 and the third electromagnet repel each other, the thrust to the drilling portion is increased, the drilling equipment which is not completely drilled into the soil continues to descend, the installation pipe 103 is separated from the first installation box 900, namely the first electromagnet 104 is separated from the third electromagnet, when the repulsive force between the first electromagnet 104 and the third electromagnet is greatly weakened, the first electromagnet 104 and the third electromagnet are simultaneously de-energized and demagnetized, the first installation box 900 drags the second electromagnet 405 to ascend through the connecting rod, the second electromagnet 405 drives the sleeve 401402 to slide upwards, in the invention, the elastic force of the spring 404 is smaller, the orifice of the oil pipe 3 is smaller, the hydraulic oil circulation resistance inside the oil chamber is larger than that of the spring 404, therefore, the spring 404 is contracted preferentially, when the drilling part enters the soil layer completely and enters the soil layer for a distance of at least more than half a meter, the spring 404 is contracted completely, the second electromagnet 405 drives the slide bar 403 to ascend through the sleeve 402, the slide bar 403 drives the piston plate 401 to move upwards until the second electromagnet 405 abuts against the first electromagnet 104, then the first electromagnet 104 is electrified to be attracted with the second electromagnet 405, then the second electromagnet 405 is powered off to separate the connecting rod from the second electromagnet 405, so that the sinking part is separated from the drilling part completely, meanwhile, the hole corresponding to the connecting rod on the first electromagnet 104 is sealed through the second electromagnet 405 to prevent water and soil from entering the mounting pipe 103, the piston plate 401 ascends to reduce the space inside the oil groove 4011, thereby the hydraulic oil in the oil groove 4011 is squeezed into the shunting cavity 4012 through the oil pipe 4013 and shunted into the outer cylinder 500 through the shunting cavity 4012, make sealing rod 501 outwards slide, thereby make the hole wall in spacing wheel 502 and the hole that the drilling department bored pastes, the outer lane of spacing wheel 502 rises and is provided with the triangle-shaped tooth, the triangle-shaped tooth inserts in the ground, make spacing wheel 502 adhere to the wall on the ground wall and rotate, thereby spacing to mount pad 100, prevent that mount pad 100 from rotating, and can also restart and make second electro-magnet 405 circular telegram once more produce magnetic force, first electro-magnet 104 is opposite with second electro-magnet 405's utmost point, therefore both attract mutually, improve the power of grabbing of spacing wheel 502 to the ground, thereby prevent that mount pad 100 from taking place to rotate.
Referring to fig. 4 to 6, when the drilling portion descends, the first spiral scraper 202 and the second spiral scraper 301 rotate to convey soil located at the bottom of the drilling portion to the top of the drilling portion, and when the spiral scraper conveys the rock-soil to the top of the drilling portion, pressure applied to the rock-soil by the spiral scraper when the spiral scraper conveys the rock-soil makes the rock-soil compact, so that the volume of the rock-soil is reduced by the same amount, and a gap between the rock-soil at the top of the drilling portion is increased, so that seawater is filled into the rock-soil through the gap, the rock-soil becomes soft, and viscous soil slurry is formed, and the gravity of the soil slurry applies pressure to the drilling portion, and the spiral scraper rotates to generate stress between the rock-soil and make the drilling portion descend continuously, so that the equipment goes deep into the rock-soil layer, and further, deep drilling sampling of the rock-soil located at the bottom is facilitated.
Referring to fig. 4-6, after the drilling part penetrates into the rock-soil layer to a certain degree, the second motor 800 is started, the second motor 800 rotates the thread cylinders at the periphery of the thread telescopic rod 802 through the straight gear set 804, the position is limited through the connecting plate 803, the thread rods in the two thread cylinders extend out of the outer thread cylinders, so that the mounting head 700 descends through the connecting plate 803 and extends out of the first drilling head 200, the storage tank 701 on the mounting head 700 is used for sampling, namely, the first drilling head 200 drives the mounting head 700 to rotate through the slider 702, so that the rock-soil is scraped into the storage tank 701 through the groove edge of the storage tank 701 until the storage tank 701 is full of soil, as the pores between the spiral scraper and the rock-soil are small, the seawater cannot reach the bottom of the drilling part, therefore, the rock-soil at the bottom of the drilling part is only moist soil, and the rock-soil at the opening of the storage tank 701 rubs against the rock-soil at the bottom, therefore, rock soil at the groove opening becomes smoother, a smooth soil film is formed to seal the storage groove 701, then the mounting head 700 is reset, after the drilling part moves to another depth, the mounting head 700 continues to extend out, the storage groove 701 filled with rock soil and the storage groove 701 which is empty above the storage groove 701 extend out, the rock soil is scraped into the empty storage groove 701, and then the rock soil in a multi-section depth interval is taken in a reciprocating mode.
After sampling is finished, the first motor 601 rotates reversely, so that mud above the drilling part is conveyed to the bottom of the drilling part, the wire rope sleeve 1000 and the cable 1001 are wound through a windlass on a ship, the drilling part is dragged by mainly utilizing the wire rope sleeve 1000, so that the drilling part ascends until a connecting rod is inserted into the mounting pipe 103 and is attached to the second electromagnet 405, then the second electromagnet 405 and the first electromagnet 104 are powered off, the spring 404 is reset, the connecting rod presses the second electromagnet 405 to the lower part of the mounting pipe 103, the piston plate 401 is pressed to the lower part of the oil cylinder 400 through the sleeve 402 and the sliding rod 403, so that hydraulic oil in the oil groove 500 is sucked into the oil groove 4011, so that the limiting wheel 502 retracts into the mounting groove 101, then after the first electromagnet 104 and the third electromagnet collide with each other, the third electromagnet is electrified, the first electromagnet 104 which is not electrified is sucked into the outer cylinder 400, and then the third motor 903 is started, the third motor 903 is rotated reversely, so that the propeller 905 and the earth drilling screw 906 are rotated reversely, the sinking part is separated from the rock and soil layer on the seabed and rises in the seawater, the rising speed of the device is increased, and the collected sample can be conveniently recovered.
It should be noted that the electromagnet, the motor, and the like on the drilling equipment are powered by cables.
An underwater geotechnical exploration method comprises the following steps:
moving the drilling part to the water bottom through the sinking part and inserting a drilling earth screw 906 into rock soil on the sea bottom; specifically, the third motor 903 is started, the third motor 903 enables an input shaft of the gearbox 904 to rotate through an output shaft of the third motor 903, a gear set inside the gearbox 904 is used for accelerating, the output shaft of the gearbox 904 rotates at a high speed, an output shaft at the top of the gearbox 904 enables the propeller 905 to rotate, so that recoil force is generated between the propeller and water, the whole equipment moves to the water bottom, meanwhile, the output shaft at the bottom of the gearbox 904 enables the earth drilling screw rod 906 to rotate, the bottom of the earth drilling screw rod 906 is a pointed cone, and after the equipment moves to the sea bottom, the pointed cone position is inserted into soil on the sea bottom under the recoil force generated by the operation of the propeller 905;
step two, the drilling part completely enters a muddy soil layer by at least half a meter, specifically, the first motor 601 is started, the first motor 601 rotates the first transmission spur gear 602, the first transmission spur gear 602 rotates the outer toothed ring 603 on the oil cylinder 400, the outer toothed ring 603 rotates the second transmission spur gear 605, the second transmission spur gear 605 rotates the first transmission shaft 604, the first transmission shaft 604 rotates the second transmission shaft 607 through the bevel gear set 608, the second transmission shaft 607 rotates the bevel gear 610 through the bevel gear 609, the two groups of bevel gear rings 610 synchronously rotate the first drilling head 200 and the second drilling head 300, and simultaneously, the first electromagnet 104 and the third electromagnet are charged simultaneously to generate repulsion force, and the repulsion force enables the drilling part to descend;
step three, the limiting wheel 502 is abutted against the inner wall of the rock soil hole, specifically, the spiral earth scraper rotates to enable stress generated between the spiral earth scraper and rock soil and gravity of soil slurry to enable the drilling part to continuously descend, meanwhile, the first installation box 900 drags the second electromagnet 405 to ascend through the connecting rod, the second electromagnet 405 drives the sleeve 402 to slide upwards, the second electromagnet 405 drives the sliding rod 403 to ascend through the sleeve 402, the sliding rod 403 drives the piston plate 401 to move upwards, the piston plate 401 ascends to enable the space inside the oil groove 4011 to be reduced, therefore, hydraulic oil in the oil groove 4011 is squeezed into the flow dividing cavity 4012 through the oil pipe 4013 and enters the outer barrel 500 through flow dividing of the flow dividing cavity 4012, the sealing rod 501 slides outwards, and therefore the limiting wheel 502 is attached to the hole wall of the hole drilled by the drilling part;
step four, enabling an empty storage tank 701 on the mounting head 700 to extend out of the first drilling head 200 for sampling, specifically, starting a second motor 800, enabling the second motor 800 to enable a threaded cylinder on the periphery of a threaded telescopic rod 802 to rotate through a straight gear set 804, limiting through a connecting plate 803, enabling threaded rods in two threaded cylinders to extend out of an outer threaded cylinder, enabling the mounting head 700 to descend through the connecting plate 803 and extend out of the first drilling head 200, enabling the first drilling head 200 to drive the mounting head 700 to rotate through a sliding block 702, and enabling rock and soil to be scraped into the storage tank 701 through a notch of the storage tank 701 until the storage tank 701 is full of soil;
step five, the mounting head 700 is put into the first drilling head 200, and the notch of the storage tank 701 is sealed by the first drilling head 200;
and step six, the equipment is taken back to the ship, and rock and soil in the storage tank 701 are taken out for detection, so that exploration is completed.
In the description provided herein, numerous specific details are set forth. It is understood, however, that embodiments of the invention may be practiced without these specific details. In some instances, well-known methods, structures and techniques have not been shown in detail in order not to obscure an understanding of this description.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it should be understood that various changes, substitutions and alterations can be made herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. Underwater rock-soil drilling equipment comprises a sinking part and is characterized by further comprising:
the drilling part is detachably connected to the sinking part and comprises a mounting seat (100), a first drilling head (200) and a second drilling head (300), wherein the first drilling head (200) is rotatably connected below the mounting seat (100) and the second drilling head (300) is rotatably connected above the mounting seat (100);
a first spiral scraper knife (202) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the first drilling head (200);
a second spiral earth scraper (301) in the same spiral direction as the first spiral earth scraper (202) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the second drilling probe (300);
a sliding groove (201) is formed in the first drilling head (200);
the side wall of the mounting head (700) is fixedly connected with a sliding block (702), the sliding block (702) is connected in the sliding groove (201) in a sliding mode, and a plurality of layers of storage grooves (701) with outward openings are formed in the side wall;
a mounting cavity (102) is formed in the mounting seat (100), a hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected in the mounting cavity (102), a mounting groove (101) is formed in the outer wall of the mounting seat (100), and the output end of the hydraulic cylinder extends to the mounting groove (101) and is rotatably connected with a limiting wheel (502);
the first driving part is arranged in the mounting cavity (102) and is used for driving the first drilling head (200) and the second drilling head (300) to rotate;
and the second driving part is arranged in the mounting cavity (102) and is used for driving the mounting head (700) to lift.
2. The underwater geotechnical drilling apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the first driving part comprises a first motor (601), a mounting plate (600) is fixedly connected with the inside of the mounting cavity (102), the first motor (601) is fixedly connected with the top of the mounting plate (600), an oil cylinder (400) is fixedly connected with the top of the mounting cavity (102), an outer gear ring (603) is rotatably connected with the outer wall of the oil cylinder (400), a first transmission straight gear (602) meshed with the outer gear ring (603) is fixedly connected with the output shaft of the first motor (601), rotary grooves (302) are formed in the inner walls of the first drilling head (200) and the second drilling head (300), a conical gear ring (610) is fixedly connected with the inside of the rotary groove (302), a second transmission shaft (607) is rotatably connected with the mounting seat (100), the second transmission shaft (607) extends to a transmission bevel gear (609) meshed with the conical gear ring (610) and fixedly connected with the inside of the rotary groove (302), the mounting panel (600) is gone up the rotation and is connected with first transmission shaft (604), fixedly connected with and outer ring gear (603) engaged with second transmission spur gear (605) on first transmission shaft (604), second transmission shaft (607) extend to in installation cavity (102) through bevel gear group (608) and first transmission shaft (604) synchronous revolution.
3. The underwater geotechnical drilling apparatus according to claim 2, wherein: the pneumatic cylinder includes fixed connection and is in urceolus (500) in installation cavity (102), sliding connection has sealing rod (501) on urceolus (500), sealing rod (501) stretch out in one end of urceolus (500) extends to mounting groove (101), spacing wheel (502) rotate to be connected on sealing rod (501).
4. The underwater geotechnical drilling apparatus according to claim 3, wherein: oil cylinder (400) inside sliding connection has piston plate (401), the top of piston plate (401) is oil groove (4011), reposition of redundant personnel chamber (4012) have been seted up to the bottom of oil cylinder (400), reposition of redundant personnel chamber (4012) are linked together through oil pipe (4013) and oil groove (4011), reposition of redundant personnel chamber (4012) are linked together with urceolus (500).
5. The underwater geotechnical drilling apparatus according to claim 4, wherein: the second drive division includes second motor (800) of fixed connection in mounting panel (600) bottom, the bottom of mounting panel (600) is rotated and is connected with screw thread telescopic link (802), output fixedly connected with connecting plate (803) of screw thread telescopic link (802), connecting plate (803) rotate with installation head (700) and link to each other, the output shaft of second motor (800) passes through spur gear group (804) synchronous rotation with the outmost screw thread section of thick bamboo of screw thread telescopic link (802).
6. The underwater geotechnical drilling apparatus according to claim 5, wherein: the top fixedly connected with installation pipe (103) of mount pad (100), the first electro-magnet (104) of top fixedly connected with of installation pipe (103), sliding connection has second electro-magnet (405) in installation pipe (103), the bottom fixedly connected with sleeve (402) of second electro-magnet (405), sliding connection has slide bar (403) on sleeve (402), slide bar (403) extend to in oil groove (4011) and piston plate (401) fixed linking to each other, the cover has spring (404) on slide bar (403), the both ends of spring (404) offset with slide bar (403) and sleeve (402) respectively.
7. The underwater geotechnical drilling apparatus according to claim 6, wherein: the portion of sinking includes first install bin (900), the bottom of first install bin (900) is provided with the third electro-magnet, the bottom of third electro-magnet is seted up with first electro-magnet (104) corresponding recess, fixedly connected with wall pipe (901) on the lateral wall of first install bin (900), fixedly connected with second install bin (902) on wall pipe (901), fixedly connected with third motor (903) and gearbox (904) in second install bin (902), the input of gearbox (904) links to each other with the output shaft of third motor (903) is fixed, fixedly connected with screw (905) on the output shaft at the top of gearbox (904).
8. The underwater geotechnical drilling apparatus according to claim 7, wherein: an output shaft at the bottom of the gearbox (904) extends to the outside of the second mounting box (902) and is fixedly connected with a soil drilling screw rod (906).
9. The underwater geotechnical drilling apparatus according to claim 8, wherein: equal fixedly connected with wire rope cover (1000) on oil drum (400) and second install bin (902), fixedly connected with cable conductor (1001) in wire rope cover (1000).
10. An underwater geotechnical exploration method using the underwater geotechnical drilling apparatus of claim 9, comprising the steps of:
moving a drilling part to the water bottom through a sinking part and inserting a drilling earth screw (906) into rock soil on the sea bottom;
step two, making the drilling part completely enter the mud layer for at least half a meter;
thirdly, enabling the limiting wheel (502) to abut against the inner wall of the rock-soil hole;
step four, enabling an empty storage groove (701) on the mounting head (700) to extend out of the first drilling head (200) for sampling;
step five, the mounting head (700) is collected into the first drilling head (200), and the notch of the storage tank (701) is sealed by the first drilling head (200);
and sixthly, the equipment is taken back to the ship, and rock and soil in the storage tank (701) are taken out for detection, so that exploration is completed.
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Application publication date: 20220913 |