CN115044484A - Method for harvesting microalgae - Google Patents

Method for harvesting microalgae Download PDF

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CN115044484A
CN115044484A CN202210736457.3A CN202210736457A CN115044484A CN 115044484 A CN115044484 A CN 115044484A CN 202210736457 A CN202210736457 A CN 202210736457A CN 115044484 A CN115044484 A CN 115044484A
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microalgae
culturing
fungus
harvesting
mycelium
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申丽
王俊俊
田庆华
曾伟民
吴学玲
李交昆
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Central South University
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Abstract

The invention discloses a method for harvesting microalgae, which comprises the steps of inoculating 5-8% of microalgae to a sterilized BG-11 culture medium, and culturing in a light incubator to logarithmic phase to obtain microalgae culture solution for later use; culturing fungi for 48h to form mycelium pellets, separating the mycelium pellets, washing with sterilized normal saline, adding into microalgae culture solution, shake culturing in a shaking table, and regularly observing the fixed harvesting effect of microalgae. According to the invention, the microalgae fixed recovery is relatively researched through the industrial flocculant and the fungal mycelium pellet, a mycelium pellet symbiotic system (a mycelium pellet symbiotic system) formed by filamentous fungi and microalgae is a novel immobilization mode, the filamentous fungi capable of forming the pellet is used as a biomass carrier, and the microalgae is fixed on the surface and inside of the mycelium pellet in the ways of adsorption, embedding and the like, so that the microalgae can be efficiently recovered at low cost.

Description

Method for harvesting microalgae
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for harvesting microalgae, in particular to a method for harvesting microalgae by using biomass carrier mycelium pellets.
Background
The biological adsorption is an adsorption process based on various biochemical action mechanisms such as ion exchange, surface complexation and intracellular precipitation by taking a microbial material as an adsorbent, has the advantages of simple operation, low operation cost, no secondary pollution, heavy metal recovery, water body recycling after treatment and the like, and is a novel heavy metal wastewater treatment technology. In recent years, researches on adsorption theory and practical application of heavy metal wastewater adsorption treatment by using biological adsorbents such as bacteria, fungi and algae and other biomass adsorbents such as chitin and straw are remarkably increased. Among them, microalgae have high heavy metal enrichment capacity and excellent regeneration characteristics, and show great advantages in the aspects of treating heavy metal pollution and recovering precious metals.
Microalgae are microorganisms which are widely distributed in nature, commonly exist in aquatic environment, contain chlorophyll A and can perform photoautotrophy, the outer cell wall is of a porous reticular structure, and is rich in Extracellular Polymeric Substances (EPS) taking polysaccharides, proteins, nucleic acids and lipids as key components, the EPS has abundant charges and can provide various adsorption groups (such as carboxyl, hydroxyl, carbonyl, phosphodiester and other groups), and the microalgae are ideal materials for combining charged heavy metal ions, metalloids and organic pollutants. Pradhan and the like can efficiently remove Cr from wastewater by using Scenedesmus sp 6+ The highest removal rate can reach 92.89%; husien et al showed that brown algae Sargassum wightii is responsible for Pb 2+ And Cd 2+ The adsorption rate of the compound is 80 percent, and the green alga Caulerpa racemosa has Cd pair 2+ And Cr 6+ The adsorption rate of (2) was 85%. Therefore, the microalgae can be used as an efficient biological adsorbent to treat various heavy metal pollutions.
Although microalgae have great potential and unique advantages in heavy metal wastewater treatment, the problem of high cost of microalgae recovery is a bottleneck limiting their industrial application. The microalgae suspension has tiny cell individuals, low density and negative charge on the cell surface, forms a natural and stable dispersion system in the culture solution, and is difficult to collect and recycle after adsorbing heavy metal ions. At present, different methods are used by researchers for harvesting microalgae, and the species of microalgae to be harvested are different according to the requirements. At present, microalgae recovery mainly comprises technologies such as centrifugation, filtration, flocculation, gravity sedimentation, flotation and the like, but the methods generally have the problems of low recovery efficiency, high energy consumption, high operation cost and the like, the recovery cost usually accounts for about 20-30% of the total production cost, even reaches 50% in some cases, and the development of a simple, efficient and low-cost microalgae recovery method is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a microalgae harvesting method which can flocculate and settle microalgae and has high efficiency and low cost. The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the invention relates to a method for harvesting microalgae, which comprises the following steps:
(1) inoculating 5-8% microalgae to the sterilized BG-11 culture medium, and culturing in a light incubator to logarithmic phase to obtain microalgae culture solution;
(2) culturing fungus for 48h to form mycelium pellet, separating the mycelium pellet, washing with sterilized normal saline, adding into microalgae culture solution, shake culturing in shaking table, and observing the fixing effect of the mycelium pellet on microalgae at regular time.
Further, the conditions of the illumination incubator in the step (1) are that the illumination intensity is 2000Lux, the temperature is 25-30 ℃, the pH value is 7.0-7.1, and the illumination/darkness ratio is 12h:12 h.
Further, the log phase bacterial concentration of the step (1) is 10 8 one/mL.
Further, the fungus of step (2) is selected from the group consisting of:
fungus Aspergillus fumigatus No. 1;
fungus Penicillium glaucosum No. 2;
fungus Aspergillus fumigatus No. 3.
Further, the fungal sources include:
the fungus used in the experiment is from the water sample of the Toping Town Liuxi heavy metal wastewater
Separating and purifying fungi: the filamentous fungi are obtained by screening PDA plates containing heavy metals Cd (II) and Cr (VI). Firstly, respectively coating collected wastewater samples (200uL) on solid plates containing 5mg/L Cd (II) and Cr (VI). Culturing the plate in 30 deg.C constant temperature incubator for 5-7 days, after single fungus grows out, streaking onto fresh PDA plate containing heavy metal, repeating for at least 5 times, and finally obtaining single filamentous fungus. Selecting two liquid culture mediums, PDB culture medium and beef extract culture medium, respectively, from different fungi obtained by separation, performing balling test in a constant temperature shaking table under the conditions of rotation speed of 120r/min, temperature of 30 deg.C and initial spore inoculation amount of 10 4 And (4) comparing the balling condition of the filamentous fungi in different liquid culture media.
And secondly, selecting 3 separated fungi, preparing hyphae into a fungus suspension, transferring the fungus suspension to a liquid culture medium filled with 100mL of fungi, placing the fungus suspension in a constant-temperature shaking table for culturing for 48h, setting the temperature to be 30 ℃, rotating the speed to be 150r/min, observing the balling condition of different fungi in the culture medium, separating the mycelium pellets in a simple filtering mode, and washing the mycelium pellets with sterilized distilled water for 3 times to avoid the influence of the residual culture medium on the surface on subsequent results. The DNA was extracted and submitted to sequencing, the sequencing results were compared with the NCBI database by the BLAST Genbank and the sequencing results of the strains were used to construct phylogenetic trees using MEGA 6.06.
Thirdly, the strain identification is respectively as follows: aspergillus fumigatus, fungus No. 1, fungus No. 2, Penicillium glaucosum, fungus No. 3.
Further, the shaking table in the step (2) is vibrated under the conditions that the temperature is 25-30 ℃ and the rotating speed is 180 rpm/min.
Further, the timing of the step (2) is 0.5-24 h.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the method is simple to operate, has low requirements on equipment, and effectively solves the problems of high energy consumption and high cost in the microalgae harvesting technology.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph of the effect of polyacrylamide on microalgae recovery at various time points;
FIG. 2 is a graph of the effect of aluminum sulfate on microalgae recovery at different time points;
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the effect of agar on microalgae harvesting at different time points;
FIG. 4 is a graph of the effect of chitosan on microalgae recovery at different time points;
FIG. 5 is a graph of the effect of calcium hydroxide on microalgae recovery at various time points;
FIG. 6 is a graph of the effect of sodium hydroxide on microalgae recovery at various time points;
FIG. 7 is a graph of the effect of fungus No. 1 on microalgae recovery at different time points;
FIG. 8 is a graph of the effect of fungus No. 2 on microalgae recovery at various time points;
FIG. 9 is a graph of the effect of fungus No. 3 on microalgae recovery at various time points.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples. It should be noted that the following examples are only illustrative of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
Example 1
A method of harvesting microalgae, comprising:
(1) inoculating 5% microalgae to sterilized BG-11 culture medium, and culturing at 28 deg.C and pH7.1 under illumination intensity of 2000Lux and illumination/dark ratio of 12h:12h until the concentration is 10 8 Per mL;
(2) culturing Aspergillus fumigatus No. 1 (Aspergillus fumigatus fungus) for 48h to form mycelium pellet, separating the mycelium pellet, washing with sterilized normal saline, adding into the microalgae culture solution of (1), and performing shake culture in a shaking table at 28 deg.C and 150rpm/min for 0.5-24 h.
Example 2
A method of harvesting microalgae, comprising:
(1) inoculating 6% microalgae to sterilized BG-11 culture medium, and culturing at illumination intensity of 2000Lux, temperature of 30 deg.C, pH of 7.0, and illumination/dark ratio of 12h:12h until the concentration is 10 8 Per mL;
(2) culturing Penicillium glaucosum fungus No. 2 for 48h to form mycelium pellets, separating the mycelium pellets, washing with sterilized normal saline, adding into the microalgae culture solution of (1), and performing shake culture in a shaking table at 30 deg.C and 180rpm/min for 0.5-24h to observe the fixing effect of the mycelium pellets on microalgae regularly.
Example 3
A method of harvesting microalgae, comprising:
(1) inoculating 8% microalgae to sterilized BG-11 culture medium, and culturing at illumination intensity of 2000Lux, temperature of 30 deg.C, pH of 7.1 and illumination/dark ratio of 12h:12h until the concentration is 10 8 Per mL;
(2) culturing Aspergillus fumigatus No. 3 (Aspergillus fumigatus fungus) for 48h to form mycelium pellet, separating the mycelium pellet, washing with sterilized normal saline, adding into the microalgae culture solution of (1), and performing shake culture in a shaking table at 30 deg.C and 160rpm/min for 0.5-24h to observe the fixing effect of the mycelium pellet on microalgae regularly.
Comparative example
A method of harvesting microalgae, comprising:
(1) inoculating 5% microalgae to sterilized BG-11 culture medium, and culturing at illumination intensity of 2000Lux, temperature of 30 deg.C, pH of 7.1, and illumination/dark ratio of 12h:12h until the concentration is 10 8 Per mL;
(2) 0.15g/100mL of polyacrylamide (comparative example 1 group), aluminum sulfate (comparative example 2 group), agar (comparative example 3 group), chitosan (comparative example 4 group), calcium hydroxide (comparative example 5 group), and sodium hydroxide (comparative example 6 group) were added to the microalgal culture solution, respectively, and the flocculation fixation effect was observed for 0.5 to 24 hours.
Test example 1
System effect measurement analysis
Statistical analysis was performed on the microalgae harvesting effects in examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1-6, and the specific results are shown in fig. 1 and table 1.
TABLE 1 statistical analysis of microalgae harvesting effects in examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1-6
Grouping 0.5 h 3h 12h 24h
Polyacrylamide (D1) 90.08% 95.56% 136.55% 109.92%
Aluminum sulfate (D2) 4.58% 1.45% -3.13% -3.61%
Agar (D3) 103.78% 101.03% 92.44% 93.81%
Chitosan (D4) 102.56% 100.77% 76.98% 80.56%
Calcium hydroxide (D5) 1.60% 9.89% -2.67% -3.48%
Sodium hydroxide (D6) 12.77% 2.55% -5.47% -5.11%
Fungus No. 1 (S1) 14.53% 100.63% 101.88% 101.88%
Fungus No. 2 (S2) 14.06% 35.78% 101.09% 100.31%
Fungus No. 3 (S3) 25.00% 88.59% 95.94% 102.19%
As can be seen from the results shown in fig. 1 and table 1, after the microalgae are fixed for 24 hours by the 6 industrial flocculants shown in fig. 1-6, good flocculation effects are shown only by aluminum sulfate (comparative example 2, fig. 2), calcium hydroxide (comparative example 5, fig. 5), and sodium hydroxide (comparative example 6, fig. 6), but all of the three process flocculants can cause the microalgae liquid to turn yellow, which indicates that the microalgae are close to death to a great extent, and no obvious advantages are shown in the microalgae harvesting effect. After the fungi 1 (embodiment 1, fig. 7), 2 (embodiment 2, fig. 8) and 3 (embodiment 3, fig. 9) fix the microalgae for 24 hours, the color of the culture solution tends to be clear and transparent, and the mycelium pellet adsorbs a large amount of microalgae cells to turn into green, so that the fungi 1, 2 and 3 are adopted to harvest the microalgae, not only can a good fixed harvesting effect be achieved, but also the death of the microalgae caused by the traditional industrial flocculant can be avoided, and the harvesting quantity and quality of the microalgae are further improved.
The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above in detail, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Within the scope of the technical idea of the invention, many simple modifications can be made to the technical solution of the invention, including combinations of various technical features in any other suitable way, and these simple modifications and combinations should also be regarded as the disclosure of the invention, and all fall within the scope of the invention.

Claims (6)

1. A method of harvesting microalgae, comprising:
(1) inoculating 5-8% microalgae to the sterilized BG-11 culture medium, and culturing in a light incubator to logarithmic phase to obtain microalgae culture solution;
(2) culturing fungi for 48h to form mycelium pellets, separating the mycelium pellets, washing with sterilized normal saline, adding into microalgae culture solution, shake culturing in a shaking table, and regularly observing the fixed harvesting effect of microalgae.
2. The recovery method of claim 1, wherein:
the condition of the illumination incubator in the step (1) is that the illumination intensity is 2000Lux, the temperature is 25-30 ℃, the pH is 7.0-7.1, and the illumination/darkness ratio is 12h:12 h.
3. The recovery method of claim 1, wherein:
the logarithmic phase bacterial concentration of the step (1) is 10 8 one/mL.
4. The recovery method of claim 1, wherein:
the fungus of step (2) is selected from:
fungus Aspergillus fumigatus No. 1;
fungus Penicillium glaucosum No. 2;
fungus Aspergillus fumigatus No. 3.
5. The recovery method of claim 1, wherein:
the shaking table in the step (2) is vibrated at the temperature of 25-30 ℃ and the rotation speed of 150-.
6. The recovery method of claim 1, wherein:
and (3) regularly observing the fixed harvesting effect of the microalgae for 0.5-24 h.
CN202210736457.3A 2022-06-16 2022-06-16 Method for harvesting microalgae Pending CN115044484A (en)

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Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20120282651A1 (en) * 2011-05-02 2012-11-08 Renewuel Llc System and Method of Co-Cultivating Microalgae with Fungus
WO2013055887A1 (en) * 2011-10-14 2013-04-18 Regents Of The University Of Minnesota Microalgae culture and harvest
CN105602858A (en) * 2016-01-11 2016-05-25 南昌大学 Preparation method for edible fungus/selenium-rich microalgae complex
CN106350455A (en) * 2016-09-18 2017-01-25 南昌大学 Hyphae pellet mediated fast microalga harvesting method
CN112898374A (en) * 2021-02-05 2021-06-04 中南大学 Method for extracting extracellular polymer of bacterial-algae symbiotic system
CN114395481A (en) * 2022-01-25 2022-04-26 成都大学 Method for harvesting microalgae by using fungal floating biological mat

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20120282651A1 (en) * 2011-05-02 2012-11-08 Renewuel Llc System and Method of Co-Cultivating Microalgae with Fungus
WO2013055887A1 (en) * 2011-10-14 2013-04-18 Regents Of The University Of Minnesota Microalgae culture and harvest
CN105602858A (en) * 2016-01-11 2016-05-25 南昌大学 Preparation method for edible fungus/selenium-rich microalgae complex
CN106350455A (en) * 2016-09-18 2017-01-25 南昌大学 Hyphae pellet mediated fast microalga harvesting method
CN112898374A (en) * 2021-02-05 2021-06-04 中南大学 Method for extracting extracellular polymer of bacterial-algae symbiotic system
CN114395481A (en) * 2022-01-25 2022-04-26 成都大学 Method for harvesting microalgae by using fungal floating biological mat

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Title
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