CN115043636A - Insulation board and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Insulation board and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115043636A CN115043636A CN202210830791.5A CN202210830791A CN115043636A CN 115043636 A CN115043636 A CN 115043636A CN 202210830791 A CN202210830791 A CN 202210830791A CN 115043636 A CN115043636 A CN 115043636A
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- expanded perlite
- water
- steel slag
- insulation board
- slag
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- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 239000010451 perlite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 107
- 235000019362 perlite Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 107
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 85
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 78
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 77
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 74
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 74
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 230000002940 repellent Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000005871 repellent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- XJKVPKYVPCWHFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Si] XJKVPKYVPCWHFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002557 mineral fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009738 saturating Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012190 activator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000079 presaturation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/08—Slag cements
- C04B28/085—Slags from the production of specific alloys, e.g. ferrochrome slags
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B20/00—Use of materials as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone according to more than one of groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 and characterised by shape or grain distribution; Treatment of materials according to more than one of the groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Expanding or defibrillating materials
- C04B20/02—Treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B40/00—Processes, in general, for influencing or modifying the properties of mortars, concrete or artificial stone compositions, e.g. their setting or hardening ability
- C04B40/02—Selection of the hardening environment
- C04B40/0263—Hardening promoted by a rise in temperature
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
- C04B41/46—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with organic materials
- C04B41/49—Compounds having one or more carbon-to-metal or carbon-to-silicon linkages ; Organo-clay compounds; Organo-silicates, i.e. ortho- or polysilicic acid esters ; Organo-phosphorus compounds; Organo-inorganic complexes
- C04B41/4905—Compounds having one or more carbon-to-metal or carbon-to-silicon linkages ; Organo-clay compounds; Organo-silicates, i.e. ortho- or polysilicic acid esters ; Organo-phosphorus compounds; Organo-inorganic complexes containing silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/60—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone of only artificial stone
- C04B41/61—Coating or impregnation
- C04B41/62—Coating or impregnation with organic materials
- C04B41/64—Compounds having one or more carbon-to-metal of carbon-to-silicon linkages
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Building Environments (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Abstract
An insulation board and a preparation method thereof. Relates to an insulation board taking expanded perlite as a main material and an improvement of a preparation method thereof. Solves the defects of higher cement mixing amount, larger compression, higher material production cost, lower water glass reaction degree, poorer moisture and heat resistance of the material and the like in the prior art. Comprises the following components in parts by mass: 65-75% of expanded perlite, 10% of fiber, 15-25% of cementing material and 0.1% of water repellent, wherein the cementing material is as follows: the alkali-activated cementing material takes water glass as an excitant and slag-fly ash-steel slag composite micro powder as a raw material. The invention combines the characteristics of quick setting and hardening, high early-age strength and the like of the alkali-activated cementing material, prepares the expanded perlite heat-insulating board by taking the alkali-activated cementing material as a cementing raw material, and increases the water content in the material at the initial stage of drying through proper pre-saturated water treatment of the expanded perlite, so that the stages of curing and drying in the traditional process are combined into a whole.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of building materials, and particularly relates to an insulation board taking expanded perlite as a main material and an improvement of a preparation method thereof.
Background
The expanded perlite heat-insulating board is a heat-insulating board which is prepared by pressing and maintaining production processes by taking expanded perlite as a main material and auxiliary materials such as a cementing material, an additive and the like as auxiliary materials. Compared with other heat insulation materials such as organic materials, the expanded perlite heat insulation board has excellent performances such as fire prevention, heat insulation and construction, and is more and more favored by people. The expanded perlite insulation board is usually prepared by using water glass or cement as a cementing material. When water glass is used as a cementing material, in order to obtain excellent mechanical properties, the water glass with low modulus and high doping amount is often used as a cementing raw material of the expanded perlite insulation board in the existing research. However, the reaction degree of the water glass in the reaction process is usually only about 80%, so that under the conditions of high temperature and high humidity, the unreacted water glass absorbs water and dissolves to lose the cementing property, so that the strength performance of the prepared insulation board is sharply reduced, and huge potential safety hazards are caused.
When the traditional portland cement is used as a cementing material, measures such as increasing the cement mixing amount, increasing the compression ratio of the insulation board, adding a set-accelerating early-strength component, maintaining at high temperature and the like are often adopted to ensure certain strength performance because the setting and hardening speed is relatively low. Like the prior art, the invention discloses an expanded perlite heat-insulating board modified by an early strength agent, CN 109534752A. However, the high thermal conductivity, moisture absorption of cement and high water absorption of the expanded perlite itself impose significant limitations on the thermal insulation properties of such materials. In addition, the incorporation of excess cement also results in a significant increase in the cost of the material. Therefore, on the premise of ensuring the strength performance, how to reduce the mixing amount of the cementing material, improve the reaction degree of the cementing material and reduce the compression ratio of the insulation board is to improve the heat insulation performance of the expanded perlite insulation board, optimize the preparation process, realize the key of further popularization and application of the materials, and is also a technical problem to be solved in the field.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides the insulation board with the advantages of fast material strength development, high early-age strength and short production period and the preparation method thereof, aiming at the defects of high cement mixing amount, large compression ratio and high material production cost in the process of preparing the expanded perlite insulation board by taking portland cement as a cementing material in the prior art, and the defects of low water glass reaction degree, poor moisture and heat resistance and the like in the process of preparing the expanded perlite insulation board by taking water glass as the cementing material.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: comprises the following components in parts by mass: 65-75% of expanded perlite, 10% of fiber, 15-25% of cementing material and 0.1% of water repellent,
the cementing material is as follows: the alkali-activated cementing material takes water glass as an excitant and slag-fly ash-steel slag composite micro powder as a raw material.
The fiber is mineral fiber, the diameter of the single fiber is 3.0-8.0 μm, and the length is 1.0-3.5 mm.
The water repellent is an organic silicon water repellent.
The sodium silicate is industrial liquid sodium silicate, the modulus is 2.2-2.5, and Na is obtained from the sodium silicate 2 The content of O accounts for 2 to 3 percent of the mass percentage of the slag-fly ash-steel slag composite micro powder.
The slag-fly ash-steel slag composite micro powder comprises the following components in percentage by mass 60-80%: 10-30%: 10 percent.
The steel slag is converter steel slag powder which is dried, crushed and ground, and the fineness is 45 mu m, and the screen residue is less than or equal to 12.0 percent.
The preparation method of the insulation board comprises the following steps:
1) preparing a cementing material;
1.1), firstly, mixing the fly ash, the slag and the steel slag powder according to the mass ratio (10-30): (80-60): 10 to obtain slag-fly ash-steel slag composite micro powder;
1.2), mixing industrial liquid water glass with water according to Na 2 O/H 2 Uniformly mixing the components in a mass ratio of O to O of 0.04-0.06 to prepare an excitant solution;
1.3) uniformly mixing the slag-fly ash-steel slag composite micro powder obtained in the step 1.1) and the excitant solution obtained in the step 1.2) according to the water-cement ratio of 0.4-0.5 to obtain an alkali-excited cementing material;
2) pre-saturating the expanded perlite with water;
placing the expanded perlite in a vacuum water saturation tank, and carrying out vacuum water retention for 0.5-1 h under the negative pressure action of 0.08-0.1 MPa;
taking out the expanded perlite saturated with water, placing the expanded perlite in a ventilation place, and airing the expanded perlite until the water content is 145-;
3) synthesizing and molding;
placing the pre-saturated water expanded perlite, the alkali-activated cementing material and the fibers into a stirrer according to a set mass ratio, uniformly mixing at a rotating speed of 150 r/min +/-10 r/min, placing the mixture into a mold, and pressing the mixture into an expanded perlite heat-insulating plate blank under the condition that the compression ratio is 1.5-1.8;
4) protecting the surface layer;
diluting an organic silicon water repellent and water according to the proportion of 1:20, uniformly stirring, and uniformly spraying on the surface of the prepared expanded perlite heat-insulating plate blank;
5) maintaining and drying;
and then placing the sprayed expanded perlite heat-insulating plate blank in a hot air environment with the temperature of 55-65 ℃ and the humidity of 45-55% for curing/drying for 6-10 h to obtain a heat-insulating plate finished product.
The steel slag in the step 1.1) is converter steel slag, and is dried, crushed and ball-milled at 105 ℃ until the screen residue of 45 mu m is less than or equal to 12.0 percent, so as to obtain the finely-ground steel slag powder.
Based on the scientific fact that a cementing material needs water for hydration and the process requirement that the insulation board needs drying and dewatering to improve the heat insulation performance of the insulation board, the invention combines the characteristics that alkali-activated cementing material takes water glass as an activator and has the characteristics of fast setting and hardening, high early-age strength and the like, prepares the expanded perlite insulation board by taking alkali-activated cementing material as a cementing raw material, and increases the water content in the material at the initial drying stage through proper pre-saturated water treatment of the expanded perlite, so that the stages of 'maintenance' (40-80 ℃, 15-20 h) and 'drying' (more than or equal to 60 ℃) in the traditional process are combined into a whole, the preparation process flow is simplified while the performance is ensured, and the production period of the material is obviously shortened.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: comprises the following components in parts by mass: 65-75% of expanded perlite, 10% of fiber, 15-25% of cementing material and 0.1% of water repellent,
the cementing material is as follows: the alkali-activated cementing material takes water glass as an excitant and slag-fly ash-steel slag composite micro powder as a raw material.
The fiber is mineral fiber, the diameter of the single fiber is 3.0-8.0 μm, and the length is 1.0-3.5 mm.
The water repellent is an organic silicon water repellent.
The sodium silicate is industrial liquid sodium silicate, the modulus is 2.2-2.5, and Na is obtained from the sodium silicate 2 The content of O accounts for 2 to 3 percent of the mass percentage of the slag-fly ash-steel slag composite micro powder.
The slag-fly ash-steel slag composite micro powder comprises 60-80% of the following components in percentage by mass: 10-30%: 10 percent.
The slag is commercial S95 or S105 grade slag powder, preferably commercial S105 grade slag powder. The fly ash is commercial grade I or II fly ash, preferably commercial grade I fly ash.
The steel slag is converter steel slag powder which is dried, crushed and ground, and the fineness is 45 mu m, and the screen residue is less than or equal to 12.0 percent.
The preparation method of the insulation board comprises the steps of drying, crushing and ball milling converter steel slag at 105 ℃ until the screen residue of 45 mu m is less than or equal to 12.0%, and obtaining fine steel slag powder;
then, the method comprises the following steps:
1) preparing a cementing material;
1.1), firstly, mixing the fly ash, the slag and the steel slag powder according to the mass ratio (10-30): (80-60): 10 to obtain slag-fly ash-steel slag composite micro powder;
1.2), mixing industrial liquid water glass with water according to Na 2 O/H 2 Uniformly mixing the components in a mass ratio of O to O of 0.04-0.06 to prepare an excitant solution;
1.3) uniformly mixing the slag-fly ash-steel slag composite micro powder obtained in the step 1.1) and the excitant solution obtained in the step 1.2) according to the water-cement ratio of 0.4-0.5 to obtain an alkali-excited cementing material;
2) pre-saturating the expanded perlite with water;
placing the expanded perlite in a vacuum water saturation tank, and carrying out vacuum water retention for 0.5-1 h under the negative pressure action of 0.08-0.1 MPa;
taking out the expanded perlite saturated with water, placing the expanded perlite in a ventilation place, and airing the expanded perlite until the water content is 145-;
3) synthesizing and molding;
placing the pre-saturated expanded perlite, the alkali-activated cementing material and the fibers into a stirrer according to a set mass ratio, uniformly mixing at a rotating speed of 150 r/min +/-10 r/min, placing the mixture into a mold, and pressing the mixture into an expanded perlite heat-insulating plate blank under the condition that the compression ratio is 1.5-1.8;
4) protecting the surface layer;
diluting an organic silicon water repellent and water according to the proportion of 1:20, uniformly stirring, and uniformly spraying on the surface of the prepared expanded perlite heat-insulating plate blank; the expanded perlite itself absorbs water relatively easily. The water repellent is added to increase the hydrophobicity of the heat-insulating plate, so that the reduction of the heat-insulating property of the heat-insulating plate due to the water absorption of perlite in the using process is prevented.
5) Maintaining and drying;
and then placing the sprayed expanded perlite heat-insulating plate blank in a hot air environment with the temperature of 55-65 ℃ and the humidity of 45-55% for curing/drying for 6-10 h to obtain a heat-insulating plate finished product.
The present invention will be further described with reference to comparative examples and examples.
Comparative examples 1 to 5
An insulation board is composed of expanded perlite, fiber, cement and 0.1% of water repellent. Wherein the cement is ordinary portland cement (P.O 42.5.5). The preparation method of the insulation board comprises the following steps:
(1) placing the expanded perlite, the cement, the water and the fiber into a stirrer according to a proportion, uniformly mixing at a rotating speed of 150 r/min +/-10 r/min, transferring into a mould, and pressing into an expanded perlite heat-insulation board blank under the condition of a set compression ratio;
(2) diluting an organic silicon water repellent and water according to the proportion of 1:20, uniformly stirring, and uniformly spraying the organic silicon water repellent and the water on the surface of the expanded perlite heat-insulating board blank obtained in the step (1);
(3) and (3) placing the expanded perlite heat-insulating board blank obtained by the treatment in the step (2) in a steam environment with the temperature of 60 ℃ and the humidity of more than or equal to 95% for curing for 15 hours, and then transferring the heat-insulating board blank to a hot air environment with the temperature of 60 ℃ and the humidity of 50% +/-5% for drying for a certain time to obtain a heat-insulating board finished product.
The component ratios, compression ratios and drying times of the different comparative examples are shown in table 1 below.
TABLE 1 composition ratios, compression ratios and stoving times for different comparative examples
The performance of the prepared sample is detected by referring to JC/T2298-.
Table 2 performance results for different comparative example insulation boards
As can be seen from the table, the expanded perlite insulation board prepared by using the common Portland cement of 42.5 grade as the cementing material can respectively obtain I-grade and II-grade insulation board samples meeting the standard requirements after being treated by the traditional curing and drying processes.
Example 1
The insulation board comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 65% of expanded perlite, 10% of fiber, 25% of alkali-activated cementing material and 0.1% of water repellent. Wherein the mass percentage of the fly ash-slag-steel slag in the alkali-activated cementing material is 10:80: 10; the excitant is liquid water glass with delivery modulus of 2.25, and the mixing amount of the excitant is 3 percent of the mass of the slag-fly ash-steel slag composite micro powder (by Na thereof) 2 The content of O in the slag-pulverized coalThe mass percentage of the ash-steel slag composite micro powder).
The preparation method of the insulation board comprises the following steps:
(1) drying, crushing and ball milling the converter steel slag at 105 ℃ until the screen residue of 45 mu m is less than or equal to 12.0 percent to obtain levigated steel slag;
(2) uniformly mixing the fly ash, the slag and the steel slag according to a ratio to obtain slag-fly ash-steel slag composite micro powder;
(3) mixing industrial liquid water glass with water according to Na 2 O/H 2 Mixing the components uniformly according to the mass ratio of O to the components of 0.06 to prepare an excitant solution;
(4) placing the expanded perlite in a vacuum water saturation tank, and carrying out vacuum water retention for 1h under the action of negative pressure of 0.08 MPa;
(5) placing the expanded perlite saturated with water at a ventilation position and airing until the water content is 145 +/-5%;
(6) uniformly mixing the slag-fly ash-steel slag composite micro powder prepared in the step (2) with the excitant solution prepared in the step (3) according to the water-cement ratio of 0.5 to obtain an alkali-excited cementing material;
(7) placing the expanded perlite obtained in the step (5) and the alkali-activated cementing material and the fibers obtained in the step (6) into a stirrer according to a proportion, uniformly mixing at a rotating speed of 150 r/min +/-10 r/min, transferring into a mold, and pressing into an expanded perlite heat-insulating plate blank under the condition that the compression ratio is 1.5;
(8) diluting the organic silicon water repellent with water according to the proportion of 1:20, uniformly stirring, and uniformly spraying the organic silicon water repellent on the surface of the expanded perlite heat-insulation board blank obtained in the step (7);
(9) and (3) placing the expanded perlite heat-insulating board blank obtained by the treatment in the step (8) in a hot air environment with the temperature of 60 ℃ and the humidity of 50 +/-5% for curing/drying for 6 hours to obtain a heat-insulating board finished product.
The performance of the prepared sample is detected by referring to JC/T2298-2014 expanded perlite insulation board for construction, and the result is as follows: dry density 195 kg/m 3 The heat conductivity coefficient is 0.050W/(m.k), the tensile strength is 0.11MPa, the compressive strength is 0.34MPa, the hydrophobic rate is 99.1 percent, and the loss rate of the wet heat strength is 1.06 percent. The performance of the sample reaches I type buildingThe requirement of using expanded perlite to heat the board.
Example 2
The insulation board comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 70% of expanded perlite, 10% of fiber, 20% of alkali-activated cementing material and 0.1% of water repellent. Wherein the mass percentage of the fly ash-slag-steel slag in the alkali-activated cementing material is 20:70: 10; the excitant is liquid water glass with delivery modulus of 2.31, and the mixing amount of the excitant is 2.5 percent (by Na) of the mass of the slag-fly ash-steel slag composite micro powder 2 The content of O is calculated by the mass percentage of the slag-fly ash-steel slag composite micro powder).
The preparation method of the insulation board comprises the following steps:
(1) drying, crushing and ball milling the converter steel slag at 105 ℃ until the screen residue of 45 mu m is less than or equal to 12.0 percent to obtain ground steel slag;
(2) uniformly mixing the fly ash, the slag and the steel slag according to a ratio to obtain slag-fly ash-steel slag composite micro powder;
(3) mixing industrial liquid water glass with water according to Na 2 O/H 2 Mixing the components uniformly according to the mass ratio of O to the components of 0.05 to prepare an excitant solution;
(4) placing the expanded perlite in a vacuum water saturation tank, and carrying out vacuum water retention for 0.5h under the negative pressure action of 0.1 MPa;
(5) placing the expanded perlite saturated with water at a ventilation position and airing until the water content is 145 +/-5%;
(6) uniformly mixing the slag-fly ash-steel slag composite micro powder prepared in the step (2) with the excitant solution prepared in the step (3) according to the water-cement ratio of 0.5 to obtain an alkali-excited cementing material;
(7) placing the expanded perlite obtained in the step (5) and the alkali-activated cementing material and the fibers obtained in the step (6) into a stirrer according to a proportion, uniformly mixing at a rotating speed of 150 r/min +/-10 r/min, transferring into a mold, and pressing into an expanded perlite heat-insulating plate blank under the condition that the compression ratio is 1.65;
(8) diluting the organic silicon water repellent and water according to the proportion of 1:20, uniformly stirring, and uniformly spraying the organic silicon water repellent and the water on the surface of the expanded perlite heat-insulating board blank obtained in the step (7);
(9) and (5) placing the expanded perlite heat-insulating board obtained by the treatment in the step (8) in a hot air environment with the temperature of 60 ℃ and the humidity of 50 +/-5% for curing/drying for 8 hours to obtain a finished product of the heat-insulating board.
The performance of the prepared sample is detected by referring to JC/T2298-2014 expanded perlite insulation board for construction, and the result is as follows: dry density 198 kg/m 3 The heat conductivity coefficient is 0.054W/(m.k), the tensile strength is 0.11MPa, the compressive strength is 0.38MPa, the hydrophobic rate is 99.0 percent, and the wet heat strength loss rate is 2.01 percent. The performance of the sample can meet the requirements of the I-type expanded perlite heat-insulating board for buildings.
Example 3
The insulation board comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 75% of expanded perlite, 10% of fiber, 15% of alkali-activated cementing material and 0.1% of water repellent. Wherein the mass percentage of the fly ash-slag-steel slag in the alkali-activated cementing material is 30:60: 10; the excitant is liquid water glass with delivery modulus of 2.43, and the mixing amount of the excitant is 2 percent (by Na) of the mass of the slag-fly ash-steel slag composite micro powder 2 The content of O is calculated by the mass percentage of the slag-fly ash-steel slag composite micro powder).
The preparation method of the insulation board comprises the following steps:
(1) drying, crushing and ball milling the converter steel slag at 105 ℃ until the screen residue of 45 mu m is less than or equal to 12.0 percent to obtain levigated steel slag;
(2) uniformly mixing the fly ash, the slag and the steel slag according to a ratio to obtain slag-fly ash-steel slag composite micro powder;
(3) mixing industrial liquid water glass with water according to Na 2 O/H 2 Mixing the components uniformly according to the mass ratio of O to the components of 0.04 to prepare an excitant solution;
(4) placing the expanded perlite in a vacuum water saturation tank, and carrying out vacuum water retention for 0.5h under the negative pressure action of 0.08 MPa;
(5) placing the expanded perlite saturated with water at a ventilation position and airing until the water content is 145 +/-5%;
(6) uniformly mixing the slag-fly ash-steel slag composite micro powder prepared in the step (2) with the excitant solution prepared in the step (3) according to the water-cement ratio of 0.5 to obtain an alkali-excited cementing material;
(7) placing the expanded perlite obtained in the step (5) and the alkali-activated cementing material and the fibers obtained in the step (6) into a stirrer according to a proportion, uniformly mixing at a rotating speed of 150 r/min +/-10 r/min, transferring into a mold, and pressing into an expanded perlite heat-insulating plate blank under the condition that the compression ratio is 1.8;
(8) diluting the organic silicon water repellent and water according to the proportion of 1:20, uniformly stirring, and uniformly spraying the organic silicon water repellent and the water on the surface of the expanded perlite heat-insulating board blank obtained in the step (7);
(9) and (3) placing the expanded perlite heat-insulating board obtained by the treatment in the step (8) in a hot air environment with the temperature of 60 ℃ and the humidity of 50 +/-5% for curing/drying for 10 hours to obtain a heat-insulating board finished product.
The performance of the prepared sample is detected by referring to JC/T2298-2014 expanded perlite insulation board for construction, and the result is as follows: dry density 205 kg/m 3 The heat conductivity coefficient is 0.057W/(m.k), the tensile strength is 0.13MPa, the compressive strength is 0.43MPa, the hydrophobic rate is 99.5 percent, and the wet heat strength loss rate is 0.89 percent. Namely, the sample meets the performance requirement of the expanded perlite heat-insulating board for the II-type building.
Example 4
The insulation board comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 75% of expanded perlite, 10% of fiber, 15% of alkali-activated cementing material and 0.1% of water repellent. Wherein the mass percentage of the fly ash-slag-steel slag in the alkali-activated cementing material is 10:80: 10; the excitant is liquid water glass with delivery modulus of 2.31, and the mixing amount of the excitant is 2 percent (by Na) of the mass of the slag-fly ash-steel slag composite micro powder 2 The content of O is calculated by the mass percentage of the slag-fly ash-steel slag composite micro powder).
The preparation method of the insulation board comprises the following steps:
(1) drying, crushing and ball milling the converter steel slag at 105 ℃ until the screen residue of 45 mu m is less than or equal to 12.0 percent to obtain levigated steel slag;
(2) uniformly mixing the fly ash, the slag and the steel slag according to a ratio to obtain slag-fly ash-steel slag composite micro powder;
(3) mixing industrial liquid water glass with water according to Na 2 O/H 2 Mixing the components uniformly according to the mass ratio of O to the components of 0.04 to prepare an excitant solution;
(4) placing the expanded perlite in a vacuum water saturation tank, and carrying out vacuum water retention for 1h under the action of negative pressure of 0.1 MPa;
(5) placing the expanded perlite saturated with water at a ventilation position and airing until the water content is 145 +/-5%;
(6) uniformly mixing the slag-fly ash-steel slag composite micro powder prepared in the step (2) with the excitant solution prepared in the step (3) according to the water-cement ratio of 0.5 to obtain an alkali-excited cementing material;
(7) placing the expanded perlite obtained in the step (5) and the alkali-activated cementing material and the fibers obtained in the step (6) into a stirrer according to a proportion, uniformly mixing at a rotating speed of 150 r/min +/-10 r/min, transferring into a mold, and pressing into an expanded perlite heat-insulating plate blank under the condition that the compression ratio is 1.5;
(8) diluting the organic silicon water repellent and water according to the proportion of 1:20, uniformly stirring, and uniformly spraying the organic silicon water repellent and the water on the surface of the expanded perlite heat-insulating board blank obtained in the step (7);
(9) and (3) placing the expanded perlite heat-insulating board obtained by the treatment in the step (8) in a hot air environment with the temperature of 60 ℃ and the humidity of 50 +/-5% for curing/drying for 10 hours to obtain a heat-insulating board finished product.
The performance of the prepared sample is detected by referring to JC/T2298-2014 expanded perlite insulation board for construction, and the result is as follows: dry density 185 kg/m 3 The heat conductivity coefficient is 0.046W/(m.k), the tensile strength is 0.10MPa, the compressive strength is 0.31MPa, the hydrophobicity rate is 99.1 percent, and the wet heat strength loss rate is 1.56 percent. The performance of the sample can meet the requirements of the I-type expanded perlite heat-insulating board for buildings.
Example 5
The insulation board comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 65% of expanded perlite, 10% of fiber, 25% of alkali-activated cementing material and 0.1% of water repellent. Wherein the mass percentage of the fly ash-slag-steel slag in the alkali-activated cementing material is 30:60: 10; the excitant is liquid water glass with delivery modulus of 2.25, and the mixing amount of the excitant is 3.0 percent of the mass of the slag-fly ash-steel slag composite micro powder (by Na thereof) 2 Slag-fly ash-steel with O contentThe mass percentage of the slag composite micro powder).
The preparation method of the insulation board comprises the following steps:
(1) drying, crushing and ball milling the converter steel slag at 105 ℃ until the screen residue of 45 mu m is less than or equal to 12.0 percent to obtain levigated steel slag;
(2) uniformly mixing the fly ash, the slag and the steel slag according to a ratio to obtain slag-fly ash-steel slag composite micro powder;
(3) mixing industrial liquid water glass with water according to Na 2 O/H 2 Mixing the components uniformly according to the mass ratio of O to the components of 0.06 to prepare an excitant solution;
(4) placing the expanded perlite in a vacuum water saturation tank, and carrying out vacuum water retention for 1h under the action of negative pressure of 0.08 MPa;
(5) placing the expanded perlite saturated with water at a ventilation position and airing until the water content is 145 +/-5%;
(6) uniformly mixing the slag-fly ash-steel slag composite micro powder prepared in the step (2) with the excitant solution prepared in the step (3) according to the water-cement ratio of 0.5 to obtain an alkali-excited cementing material;
(7) placing the expanded perlite obtained in the step (5) and the alkali-activated cementing material and the fibers obtained in the step (6) into a stirrer according to a proportion, uniformly mixing at a rotating speed of 150 r/min +/-10 r/min, transferring into a mold, and pressing into an expanded perlite heat-insulating plate blank under the condition that the compression ratio is 1.8;
(8) diluting the organic silicon water repellent and water according to the proportion of 1:20, uniformly stirring, and uniformly spraying the organic silicon water repellent and the water on the surface of the expanded perlite heat-insulating board blank obtained in the step (7);
(9) and (3) placing the sample of the expanded perlite insulation board obtained by the treatment in the step (8) in a hot air environment with the temperature of 60 ℃ and the humidity of 50 +/-5% for curing/drying for 10 hours to obtain the finished product of the insulation board.
The performance of the prepared sample is detected by referring to JC/T2298-2014 expanded perlite insulation board for construction, and the result is as follows: dry density 215 kg/m 3 The heat conductivity coefficient is 0.059W/(m.k), the tensile strength is 0.13MPa, the compressive strength is 0.46MPa, the hydrophobic rate is 99.4 percent, and the wet heat strength loss rate is 1.13 percent. The performance of the sample reaches II type expansion for constructionThe requirement of perlite heat-insulating board.
Comparing examples 1-5 with comparative examples 1-5 respectively, it can be known that the insulation board is prepared by replacing ordinary portland cement with an alkali-activated cementing material in a certain proportion, and under the conditions of the same amount of the expanded perlite, the amount of the fiber, the amount of the water repellent, the water-cement ratio and the compression ratio, the prepared insulation board can be prepared by only undergoing a curing/drying process of 'temperature 60 ℃ and humidity 50% +/-5' under the condition of not needing to undergo steam curing 'temperature 60 ℃ and humidity more than or equal to 95% and 15 h' process, and the performances of strength, heat conductivity coefficient and the like which are equivalent to (even slightly superior to) the insulation board in the comparative examples can be obtained.
In conclusion, aiming at the defects of high material cost, poor moisture and heat resistance and the like existing in the existing expanded perlite insulation board and the preparation process thereof, the invention provides the expanded perlite insulation board based on the alkali-activated effect based on the characteristics of excellent water glass-activated effect, fast development of alkali-activated cementing material strength, high early-age strength and the like. In addition, the invention also combines the characteristic of high water absorption of the expanded perlite, and provides a preparation method of the expanded perlite insulation board, which combines the maintenance and drying stages of the material into a whole by adopting the technical measure of pre-saturation of the expanded perlite, thereby greatly simplifying the preparation process flow of the material. Compared with the traditional expanded perlite heat-insulation board and the preparation method thereof, the material and the preparation method provided by the invention have the advantages of no need of adjusting the modulus of water glass, low using amount of cementing materials, simple preparation process and the like, and have wide market application prospects.
Claims (8)
1. An insulation board comprising, by mass: 65-75% of expanded perlite, 10% of fiber, 15-25% of cementing material and 0.1% of water repellent,
the cementing material is as follows: the alkali-activated cementing material takes water glass as an excitant and slag-fly ash-steel slag composite micro powder as a raw material.
2. The insulation board according to claim 1, wherein the fibers are mineral fibers, and the single fibers have a diameter of 3.0 to 8.0 μm and a length of 1.0 to 3.5 mm.
3. The insulation board of claim 1, wherein the water repellent is a silicone water repellent.
4. The insulation board according to claim 1, wherein the water glass is industrial grade liquid sodium silicate with a modulus of 2.2-2.5 and Na 2 The content of O accounts for 2 to 3 percent of the mass percentage of the slag-fly ash-steel slag composite micro powder.
5. The insulation board according to claim 1, wherein the slag-fly ash-steel slag composite micro powder comprises, by mass, 60-80%: 10-30%: 10 percent.
6. The heat insulation board according to claim 1, wherein the steel slag is converter steel slag powder which is dried, crushed and ground, and the fineness of the converter steel slag powder is 45 μm, and the screen residue is less than or equal to 12.0%.
7. The preparation method of the insulation board according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) preparing a cementing material;
1.1), firstly, mixing the fly ash, the slag and the steel slag powder according to the mass ratio (10-30): (80-60): 10 to obtain slag-fly ash-steel slag composite micro powder;
1.2), mixing industrial liquid water glass with water according to Na 2 O/H 2 Uniformly mixing the components in a mass ratio of O to O of 0.04-0.06 to prepare an excitant solution;
1.3) uniformly mixing the slag-fly ash-steel slag composite micro powder obtained in the step 1.1) with the excitant solution obtained in the step 1.2) according to the water-cement ratio of 0.4-0.5 to obtain an alkali-activated cementing material;
2) pre-saturating the expanded perlite with water;
placing the expanded perlite in a vacuum water saturation tank, and carrying out vacuum water retention for 0.5-1 h under the negative pressure action of 0.08-0.1 MPa;
taking out the expanded perlite saturated with water, placing the expanded perlite in a ventilation place, and airing the expanded perlite until the water content is 145-;
3) synthesizing and molding;
placing the pre-saturated water expanded perlite, the alkali-activated cementing material and the fibers into a stirrer according to a set mass ratio, uniformly mixing at a rotating speed of 150 r/min +/-10 r/min, placing the mixture into a mold, and pressing the mixture into an expanded perlite heat-insulating plate blank under the condition that the compression ratio is 1.5-1.8;
4) protecting the surface layer;
diluting an organic silicon water repellent and water according to the proportion of 1:20, uniformly stirring, and uniformly spraying on the surface of the prepared expanded perlite heat-insulating plate blank;
5) maintaining and drying;
and then placing the sprayed expanded perlite heat-insulating plate blank in a hot air environment with the temperature of 55-65 ℃ and the humidity of 45-55% for curing/drying for 6-10 h to obtain a heat-insulating plate finished product.
8. The preparation method of the heat insulation board according to claim 7, wherein the steel slag in the step 1.1) is converter steel slag, and the fine steel slag powder is obtained by drying, crushing and ball milling at 105 ℃ until the screen residue of 45 μm is less than or equal to 12.0%.
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