CN115043491A - A system and method for maximizing denitrification of urban sewage Anammox - Google Patents

A system and method for maximizing denitrification of urban sewage Anammox Download PDF

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CN115043491A
CN115043491A CN202210720938.5A CN202210720938A CN115043491A CN 115043491 A CN115043491 A CN 115043491A CN 202210720938 A CN202210720938 A CN 202210720938A CN 115043491 A CN115043491 A CN 115043491A
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操沈彬
苏庆亮
杜睿
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Beijing University of Technology
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Abstract

A system and a method for realizing maximization of Anammox denitrification of municipal sewage belong to the field of biological sewage treatment, and provide a reaction substrate NO for Anammox through three ways of mainstream short-cut nitrification, side-stream short-cut nitrification and short-cut denitrification 2 -N. Municipal sewage firstly enters an organic matter capture reactor to remove COD, and effluent flows into a main flow short-cut nitrification reactor to oxidize partial NH 4 + N, followed by high NO 2 The side flow short-cut nitrified effluent of the-N enters an Anammox reactor together for removal, the effluent and municipal sewage enter the short-cut denitrifying Anammox reactor together, and the organic matters in the municipal sewage are utilized to carry out NO treatment in the nitrification and Anammox processes 3 Conversion of-N to NO 2 N, by Anammox with NH in municipal sewage 4 + -N is removed in situ. The invention utilizes high NH of side stream 4 + Stable and high-efficient NO production by short-cut nitrification and short-cut denitrification of-N wastewater 2 The characteristic of-N, only needs to control a small amount of NH in the municipal sewage 4 + Oxidation of-N achieves efficient Anammox denitrification.

Description

一种实现城市污水Anammox脱氮最大化的系统与方法A system and method for maximizing denitrification of urban sewage Anammox

技术领域technical field

本发明属于污水生物处理技术领域,更具体地,涉及一种实现城市污水Anammox脱氮最大化的系统与方法,属于污水生物脱氮技术领域。The invention belongs to the technical field of sewage biological treatment, and more particularly, relates to a system and method for realizing the maximization of Anammox denitrification of urban sewage, and belongs to the technical field of sewage biological denitrification.

背景技术Background technique

水体富营养化是世界水环境面临并急需解决的重要污染问题,水体富营养化将导致水环境内的藻类、鱼类等水生生物的大量死亡,并且会造成水体发黑发臭的现象。当前城市生活污水的深度脱氮除磷,成为遏制水体富营养化的重要途径之一。传统的硝化/反硝化脱氮工艺已广泛应用于全球污水处理厂。然而,考虑到硝化/反硝化过程中有着相当大的能量消耗和有机碳的需求,与当今绿色节能可持续发展经济模式主题相违背。而随着我国污水排放标准愈加严格,因此进一步探求具有可持续发展前景的新型生物脱氮工艺,减少碳源的投加和曝气量的消耗,无疑是现阶段污水处理研究的重点方向,具有深远的现实意义。Water eutrophication is an important pollution problem facing the world's water environment and needs to be solved urgently. Water eutrophication will lead to the death of a large number of aquatic organisms such as algae and fish in the water environment, and will cause the water body to turn black and smelly. At present, the deep denitrification and dephosphorization of urban domestic sewage has become one of the important ways to curb the eutrophication of water bodies. Traditional nitrification/denitrification denitrification processes have been widely used in sewage treatment plants worldwide. However, considering that the nitrification/denitrification process has considerable energy consumption and organic carbon requirements, it goes against the theme of today's green, energy-saving and sustainable economic model. As my country's sewage discharge standards become more stringent, it is undoubtedly the key direction of sewage treatment research at this stage to further explore new biological denitrification processes with sustainable development prospects, reducing the addition of carbon sources and the consumption of aeration volume. profound practical significance.

厌氧氨氧化(Anammox)作为一种新型的自养脱氮技术,在缺氧条件下,厌氧氨氧化菌以NO2 -为电子受体,将NH4 +转化为N2,具有无需曝气和有机碳源、污泥产量低、脱氮负荷高等优点,成为污水脱氮领域的研究热点。目前,厌氧氨氧化技术已成功应用于污泥消化液、垃圾渗滤液、制药废水、养殖废水等高氨氮废水处理工程。然而对于城市污水而言,由于NH4 +-N浓度较低,短程硝化过程中难以实现稳定的NO2 --N积累,运行过程会不可避免地产生NO3 --N,导致厌氧氨氧化工艺处理效果差,出水总氮浓度高。Anammox is a new type of autotrophic denitrification technology. Under anoxic conditions, anammox bacteria use NO 2 - as an electron acceptor to convert NH 4 + into N 2 . The advantages of gas and organic carbon sources, low sludge yield, and high denitrification load have become a research hotspot in the field of sewage denitrification. At present, anammox technology has been successfully applied to sludge digestion liquid, landfill leachate, pharmaceutical wastewater, aquaculture wastewater and other high ammonia nitrogen wastewater treatment projects. However, for urban sewage, due to the low concentration of NH 4 + -N, it is difficult to achieve stable NO 2 - -N accumulation during the short-range nitrification process, and NO 3 - -N will inevitably be generated during the operation process, leading to anammox. The process treatment effect is poor, and the total nitrogen concentration in the effluent is high.

近年来,我国学者首次提出短程反硝化这一新技术,为突破Anammox工艺在城市污水处理中难以稳定获取NO2 --N这一瓶颈提供了新方法。当前主流Anammox工艺存在的关键问题是Anammox贡献率较低,如果实现城市污水Anammox脱氮最大化,大大降低运行过程中曝气量和碳源的消耗,这将更加符合绿色可持续发展理念。In recent years, Chinese scholars have put forward the new technology of short-range denitrification for the first time, which provides a new method to break through the bottleneck that Anammox process is difficult to obtain NO 2 - -N stably in urban sewage treatment. The key problem of the current mainstream Anammox process is that the contribution rate of Anammox is low. If the denitrification of urban sewage Anammox can be maximized and the consumption of aeration and carbon sources during the operation process can be greatly reduced, it will be more in line with the concept of green and sustainable development.

基于此,本发明在现有技术的基础上,创新Anammox为核心的深度脱氮工艺,利用侧流短程硝化进行辅助和增强主流Anammox脱氮过程,结合主流短程硝化和短程反硝化工艺,借助侧流高NH4 +-N废水短程硝化和短程反硝化NO2 --N稳定高效产生的特点,使得城市污水Anammox脱氮最大化,为城市污水深度脱氮提供了新路线。Based on this, the present invention, on the basis of the existing technology, innovates the deep denitrification process with Anammox as the core, uses side-stream short-path nitrification to assist and enhance the mainstream Anammox denitrification process, combines the mainstream short-path nitrification and short-path denitrification processes, The characteristics of short-range nitrification and short-range denitrification of NO 2 - -N in high-flow NH 4 + -N wastewater can maximize the denitrification of urban sewage Anammox and provide a new route for deep denitrification of urban sewage.

发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

本发明的目的就是克服上述现有技术存在的缺陷而提供一种实现城市污水Anammox脱氮最大化的系统与方法,设置侧流工艺将短程硝化产生的NO2 --N补充到主流Anammox反应器中,主流短程硝化和短程反硝化工艺同时也为Anammox反应器提供基质NO2 --N,创新性的利用复合工艺为Anammox最大化的提供NO2 --N;另一方面,通过最后环节设置短程反硝化耦合厌氧氨氧化工艺,进行氮素的兜底去除,从而实现城市污水最大化脱氮,大大提高工艺稳定性和城市污水处理效率。The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned defects of the prior art and provide a system and method for maximizing the denitrification of urban sewage Anammox, and set up a side flow process to supplement the NO 2 - -N produced by short-range nitrification to the mainstream Anammox reactor The mainstream short-path nitrification and short-path denitrification processes also provide the substrate NO 2 - -N for the Anammox reactor, and the innovative use of the composite process maximizes the supply of NO 2 - -N for Anammox; on the other hand, through the final link setting The short-range denitrification is coupled with the anaerobic ammonia oxidation process to remove nitrogen at the bottom, so as to maximize the denitrification of urban sewage, and greatly improve the process stability and urban sewage treatment efficiency.

为了解决上述技术问题,本发明提供了一种实现城市污水Anammox脱氮最大化的系统,包括:城市污水原水箱(1)、有机物捕获反应器(2)、主流短程硝化反应器(3)、厌氧氨氧化反应器(4)、短程反硝化耦合厌氧氨氧化反应器(5)、污泥厌氧消化液储备箱(6)、侧流短程硝化反应器(7);其中,城市污水原水箱(1)中的污水进入有机物捕获反应器(2),进行COD的捕获去除;有机物捕获反应器(2)出水流经主流短程硝化反应器(3);污泥厌氧消化液储备箱(6)中的污泥消化液进入侧流短程硝化反应器(6),进行短程硝化产NO2 --N;侧流短程硝化反应器(6)的出水与主流短程硝化反应器(3)的出水一同输送到厌氧氨氧化反应器(4)进行氮素去除,最后厌氧氨氧化反应器(4)出水和城市污水再一同进入短程反硝化耦合厌氧氨氧化反应器(5)进行深度脱氮。In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a system for maximizing the denitrification of urban sewage Anammox, comprising: a raw urban sewage tank (1), an organic matter capture reactor (2), a mainstream short-path nitrification reactor (3), Anammox reactor (4), short-path denitrification coupled anammox reactor (5), sludge anaerobic digestion liquid storage tank (6), side-flow short-path nitrification reactor (7); among them, urban sewage The sewage in the raw water tank (1) enters the organic matter capture reactor (2) to capture and remove COD; the effluent of the organic matter capture reactor (2) flows through the mainstream short-path nitrification reactor (3); the sludge anaerobic digestion solution storage tank The sludge digested liquid in (6) enters the side-flow short-path nitrification reactor (6), and performs short-path nitrification to produce NO 2 - -N; The effluent is transported to the anammox reactor (4) for nitrogen removal, and finally the effluent of the anammox reactor (4) and the municipal sewage together enter the short-path denitrification coupled anammox reactor (5) for nitrogen removal. Deep denitrification.

所述城市污水原水箱(1)为密闭箱体,设有溢流管Ⅰ(1.1)和放空管Ⅰ(1.2);The urban sewage raw water tank (1) is a closed box body, and is provided with an overflow pipe I (1.1) and a vent pipe I (1.2);

所述有机物捕获反应器(2)设有搅拌器Ⅰ(2.1)、曝气头Ⅰ(2.2)、气体流量计Ⅰ(2.3)、气泵Ⅰ(2.4)、进水泵Ⅰ(2.5);The organic matter capture reactor (2) is provided with a stirrer I (2.1), an aeration head I (2.2), a gas flow meter I (2.3), an air pump I (2.4), and an inlet pump I (2.5);

所述主流短程硝化反应器(3)设有搅拌器Ⅱ(3.1)、DO/pH在线测定仪Ⅰ(3.2)、曝气头Ⅱ(3.3)、气体流量计Ⅱ(3.4)、气泵Ⅱ(3.5)、进水泵Ⅱ(3.6)、取样口Ⅰ(3.7);The mainstream short-path nitrification reactor (3) is provided with a stirrer II (3.1), a DO/pH online measuring instrument I (3.2), an aeration head II (3.3), a gas flow meter II (3.4), an air pump II (3.5 ), inlet water pump II (3.6), sampling port I (3.7);

所述厌氧氨氧化反应器(4)设有取样口Ⅱ(4.1)、进水泵Ⅲ(4.2)、出水口(4.3)、三相分离器(4.4)、集气瓶(4.5)、进水泵Ⅳ(4.6);The anammox reactor (4) is provided with a sampling port II (4.1), an inlet pump III (4.2), a water outlet (4.3), a three-phase separator (4.4), a gas collecting bottle (4.5), and an inlet pump IV(4.6);

所述短程反硝化耦合厌氧氨氧化反应器(5)设有搅拌器Ⅲ(5.1)、DO/pH在线测定仪Ⅱ(5.2)、取样口Ⅲ(5.3)、进水泵Ⅴ(5.4)、进水泵Ⅵ(5.5);The short-path denitrification coupled anammox reactor (5) is provided with a stirrer III (5.1), a DO/pH online measuring instrument II (5.2), a sampling port III (5.3), an inlet pump V (5.4), an inlet Water pump VI (5.5);

所述污泥厌氧消化液储备箱(6)设有溢流管Ⅰ(6.1)和放空管Ⅰ(6.2);The sludge anaerobic digestion liquid storage tank (6) is provided with an overflow pipe I (6.1) and a vent pipe I (6.2);

所述侧流短程硝化反应器(7)设有搅拌器Ⅳ(7.1)、DO/pH在线测定仪Ⅲ(7.2)、曝气头Ⅲ(7.3)、气体流量计Ⅲ(7.4)、气泵Ⅲ(7.5)、进水泵Ⅶ(7.6)、取样口Ⅳ(7.7)。根据权利要求1所述一种实现城市污水Anammox脱氮最大化的方法,其特征在于,具体包括如下步骤:The side-flow short-path nitrification reactor (7) is provided with a stirrer IV (7.1), a DO/pH online measuring instrument III (7.2), an aeration head III (7.3), a gas flow meter III (7.4), an air pump III ( 7.5), inlet water pump VII (7.6), sampling port IV (7.7). A method for realizing the maximization of denitrification of urban sewage Anammox according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, specifically comprises the following steps:

1)启动系统:将具有短程硝化活性的污泥分别投加至主流短程硝化反应器(3)和侧流短程硝化反应器(6)中,使反应器内污泥浓度MLSS=3.0~4.0g/L;将具有厌氧氨氧化活性的污泥投加至厌氧氨氧化反应器(4)中,使反应器内污泥浓度MLSS=5.0~10.0g/L;将具有高NO2 --N积累的短程反硝化污泥和厌氧氨氧化活性污泥按质量浓度比为1:1~3投加至短程反硝化耦合厌氧氨氧化反应器(5)中,使反应器内污泥浓度MLSS=4~6.0g/L;所述短程硝化污泥NO2 --N积累率大于90%,厌氧氨氧化污泥活性大于20mg N/g VSS/h,短程反硝化污泥NO3 --N到NO2 --N转化率大于80%。1) Start-up system: Add the sludge with short-path nitrification activity to the mainstream short-path nitrification reactor (3) and the side-flow short-path nitrification reactor (6) respectively, so that the sludge concentration in the reactor is MLSS=3.0~4.0g /L; put the sludge with anammox activity into the anammox reactor (4), so that the sludge concentration in the reactor is MLSS=5.0~10.0g/L; will have high NO 2 - - The N-accumulated short-path denitrification sludge and anammox activated sludge are added to the short-path denitrification coupled anammox reactor (5) according to the mass concentration ratio of 1:1 to 3, so that the sludge in the reactor Concentration MLSS=4~6.0g/L; the accumulation rate of NO 2 - -N in the short-path nitrification sludge is greater than 90%, the activity of the anammox sludge is greater than 20mg N/g VSS/h, and the short-path denitrification sludge NO 3 The - -N to NO 2 - -N conversion rate is greater than 80%.

2)运行时调节操作如下2) The adjustment operation at runtime is as follows

城市污水引入有机物捕获反应器,控制反应器溶解氧DO浓度为1.0~4.0mg/L,水力停留时间为2~6h,污泥停留时间为2~6d,出水COD浓度为30~60mg/L;The urban sewage is introduced into the organic matter capture reactor, and the dissolved oxygen DO concentration of the reactor is controlled to be 1.0-4.0 mg/L, the hydraulic retention time is 2-6 h, the sludge retention time is 2-6 d, and the effluent COD concentration is 30-60 mg/L;

有机物捕获反应器出水引入主流短程硝化反应器中,控制溶解氧浓度为0.1~0.5mg/L,污泥停留时间为8~15d;The effluent of the organic matter capture reactor is introduced into the mainstream short-path nitrification reactor, the dissolved oxygen concentration is controlled to be 0.1-0.5mg/L, and the sludge residence time is 8-15d;

污泥厌氧消化上清液引入侧流短程硝化反应器中,控制溶解氧浓度为0.5~1.5mg/L,污泥停留时间为8~20d,NH4 +-N去除率大于90%,NO2 --N积累率大于80%;The supernatant of sludge anaerobic digestion is introduced into the side-flow short-path nitrification reactor, the dissolved oxygen concentration is controlled to be 0.5-1.5mg/L, the sludge residence time is 8-20d, the NH 4 + -N removal rate is greater than 90%, the NO 2 - -N accumulation rate is greater than 80%;

将主流短程硝化反应器出水与侧流短程硝化反应器出水一同进入厌氧氨氧化反应器中,控制混合进水NO2 --N与NH4 +-N质量浓度比为1.2~1.4,反应器出水NO2 --N浓度小于3mg/L;The effluent of the main stream short-path nitrification reactor and the effluent of the side-flow short-path nitrification reactor are sent into the anammox reactor together, and the mass concentration ratio of NO 2 - -N and NH 4 + -N in the mixed influent is controlled to be 1.2 to 1.4, and the reactor The effluent NO 2 - -N concentration is less than 3mg/L;

厌氧氨氧化反应器出水和城市污水一同进入短程反硝化耦合厌氧氨氧化反应器中,控制混合进水中NO3 --N与NH4 +-N质量浓度比为1.2~1.5,COD与NO3 --N质量浓度比为2.8~4.5,污泥停留时间为8~20d,反应器排泥粒径为小于0.2mm的絮体污泥。The anaerobic ammonium oxidation reactor effluent and urban sewage enter the short-range denitrification coupled anaerobic ammonium oxidation reactor together, and the mass concentration ratio of NO 3 - -N and NH 4 + -N in the mixed influent is controlled to be 1.2 to 1.5, and the COD and The NO 3 - -N mass concentration ratio is 2.8-4.5, the sludge residence time is 8-20 d, and the particle size of the sludge discharged from the reactor is flocculent sludge less than 0.2 mm.

所述厌氧氨氧化反应器运行过程,当其进水NO2 --N与NH4 +-N质量浓度比小于1.2时,提高主流短程硝化反应器NH4 +-N的去除率,当其大于1.4时,降低主流短程硝化反应器NH4 +-N的去除率;During the operation of the anammox reactor, when the mass concentration ratio of NO 2 - -N and NH 4 + -N in the influent water is less than 1.2, the removal rate of NH 4 + -N in the mainstream short-path nitrification reactor is improved. When it is greater than 1.4, the removal rate of NH 4 + -N in the mainstream short-path nitrification reactor is reduced;

所述厌氧氨氧化反应器运行过程,当其出水NO2 --N浓度大于3mg/L,适当延长水力停留时间;During the operation of the anammox reactor, when the NO 2 - -N concentration in the effluent is greater than 3 mg/L, the hydraulic retention time is appropriately extended;

所述短程反硝化耦合厌氧氨氧化反应器运行过程,当其进水COD与NO3 --N质量浓度比大于4.5时,通过引入有机物捕获反应器出水在2.8~4.5范围内降低COD与NO3 --N质量浓度比。In the operation process of the short-range denitrification coupled anammox reactor, when the mass concentration ratio of COD and NO 3 - -N in the influent water is greater than 4.5, the effluent of the organic matter capture reactor is introduced to reduce COD and NO in the range of 2.8 to 4.5. 3 - -N mass concentration ratio.

综上,提供的一种实现城市污水Anammox脱氮最大化的系统与方法,其处理城市污水的流程为:城市污水原水箱中的污水进入有机物捕获反应器,进行COD的捕获去除;有机物捕获反应器出水流经主流短程硝化反应器;污泥厌氧消化液储备箱中的污泥消化液进入侧流短程硝化反应器,进行短程硝化产NO2 --N;侧流短程硝化反应器的出水与主流短程硝化反应器的出水一同输送到厌氧氨氧化反应器进行氮素去除,最后厌氧氨氧化反应器出水和城市污水再一同进入短程反硝化耦合厌氧氨氧化反应器进行深度脱氮。In summary, a system and method for maximizing the denitrification of urban sewage Anammox is provided. The process of treating urban sewage is as follows: the sewage in the urban sewage raw water tank enters the organic matter capture reactor to capture and remove COD; the organic matter capture reaction The effluent flows through the mainstream short-path nitrification reactor; the sludge digested liquid in the sludge anaerobic digestion solution storage tank enters the side-flow short-path nitrification reactor for short-path nitrification to produce NO 2 - -N; the effluent of the side-flow short-path nitrification reactor Together with the effluent of the mainstream short-path nitrification reactor, it is transported to the anammox reactor for nitrogen removal, and finally the effluent of the anammox reactor and municipal sewage enter the short-path denitrification coupled anammox reactor for deep denitrification. .

因此,本发明一种实现城市污水Anammox脱氮最大化的系统与方法,具有以下优势:Therefore, the present invention provides a system and method for maximizing the denitrification of urban sewage Anammox, which has the following advantages:

1.利用侧流污泥厌氧消化液进行短程硝化NO2 --N产生,为主流Anammox提供部分底物,减少城市污水NH4 +-N的氧化比例,从而降低城市污水短程硝化过程NO3 --N的产生;1. Utilize the lateral flow sludge anaerobic digestion liquid for short-range nitrification of NO 2 - -N to provide partial substrates for mainstream Anammox, reduce the oxidation ratio of NH 4 + -N in urban sewage, thereby reducing NO 3 in the short-range nitrification process of urban sewage - Generation of -N;

2.本发明能最大化Anammox工艺在城市污水中自养脱氮比例,大大降低运行过程中的曝气量和碳源消耗,节约能源的同时也符合可持续发展理念,适合工程推广应用;2. The present invention can maximize the autotrophic denitrification ratio of the Anammox process in urban sewage, greatly reduce the aeration amount and carbon source consumption during operation, save energy, and also conform to the concept of sustainable development, and is suitable for engineering popularization and application;

3.另一方面,通过设置短程反硝化将硝化过程和厌氧氨氧化反应过程产生的NO3 --N转化为NO2 --N,再通过Anammox途径去除,进一步提高Anammox的脱氮比例,大大降低出水总氮浓度,可以实现城市污水氮素的超深度去除,能满足今后城市污水处理对氮素更严格的要求。3. On the other hand, by setting up short-range denitrification, the NO 3 - -N produced by the nitrification process and the anammox reaction process is converted into NO 2 - -N, and then removed through the Anammox pathway to further improve the denitrification ratio of Anammox, The total nitrogen concentration in the effluent can be greatly reduced, which can realize the ultra-deep removal of nitrogen in urban sewage, and can meet the stricter requirements for nitrogen in urban sewage treatment in the future.

附图说明Description of drawings

通过结合附图对本发明示例性实施方式进行更详细的描述,本发明的上述以及其它目的、特征和优势将变得更加明显,其中,在本发明示例性实施方式中,相同的参考标号通常代表相同部件。The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the more detailed description of the exemplary embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein the same reference numerals generally represent the exemplary embodiments of the present invention. same parts.

图1是本发明一种实现城市污水Anammox脱氮最大化的系统流程示意图。FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a system flow diagram of the present invention for maximizing the denitrification of urban sewage Anammox.

图2为本方法流程中C、N元素转化图。Figure 2 is a diagram of the conversion of C and N elements in the process flow of the method.

AOB:短程硝化细菌;Anammox:厌氧氨氧化细菌;NH4 +:氨氮;NO2 -:亚硝态氮;NO3 -:硝态氮;COD:化学需氧量;MW:主流城市污水;DL:污泥厌氧消化出水;HRAS:有机物捕获反应器;PDA:短程反硝化耦合厌氧氨氧化反应器;PN:短程硝化反应器。AOB: short-range nitrifying bacteria; Anammox: anaerobic ammonium oxidizing bacteria; NH 4 + : ammonia nitrogen; NO 2 - : nitrite nitrogen; NO 3 - : nitrate nitrogen; COD: chemical oxygen demand; MW: mainstream urban sewage; DL: sludge anaerobic digestion effluent; HRAS: organic matter capture reactor; PDA: short-path denitrification coupled with anammox reactor; PN: short-path nitrification reactor.

附图标记说明:Description of reference numbers:

图中1为城市污水原水箱、2为有机物捕获反应器、3为主流短程硝化反应器、4为厌氧氨氧化反应器、5为短程反硝化耦合厌氧氨氧化反应器、6为污泥厌氧消化液储备箱、7为侧流短程硝化反应器;1.1为溢流管Ⅰ、1.2为放空管Ⅰ;2.1为搅拌器Ⅰ、2.2为曝气头Ⅰ、2.3为气体流量计Ⅰ、2.4为气泵Ⅰ、2.5为进水泵Ⅰ;3.1为搅拌器Ⅱ、3.2为DO/pH在线测定仪Ⅰ、3.3为曝气头Ⅱ、3.4为气体流量计Ⅱ、3.5为气泵Ⅱ、3.6为进水泵Ⅱ、3.7为取样口Ⅰ;4.1为取样口Ⅱ、4.2为进水泵Ⅲ、4.3为出水口、4.4为三相分离器、4.5为集气瓶、4.6为进水泵Ⅳ;5.1为搅拌器Ⅲ、5.2为DO/pH在线测定仪Ⅱ、5.3为取样口Ⅲ、5.4为进水泵Ⅴ、5.5为进水泵Ⅵ;6.1为溢流管Ⅱ、6.2为放空管Ⅱ、7.1为搅拌器Ⅳ、7.2为DO/pH在线测定仪Ⅲ、7.3为曝气头Ⅲ、7.4为气体流量计Ⅲ、7.5为气泵Ⅲ、7.6为进水泵Ⅶ、7.7为取样口Ⅳ。In the figure, 1 is the urban sewage raw water tank, 2 is the organic matter capture reactor, 3 is the mainstream short-path nitrification reactor, 4 is the anammox reactor, 5 is the short-path denitrification coupled anammox reactor, and 6 is the sludge Anaerobic digestion liquid storage tank, 7 is the side-flow short-range nitrification reactor; 1.1 is the overflow pipe I, 1.2 is the vent pipe I; 2.1 is the agitator I, 2.2 is the aeration head I, 2.3 is the gas flow meter I, 2.4 is the air pump I, 2.5 is the inlet water pump I; 3.1 is the agitator II, 3.2 is the DO/pH online measuring instrument I, 3.3 is the aeration head II, 3.4 is the gas flow meter II, 3.5 is the air pump II, and 3.6 is the inlet water pump II and 3.7 are sampling port I; 4.1 is sampling port II, 4.2 is inlet pump III, 4.3 is water outlet, 4.4 is three-phase separator, 4.5 is gas cylinder, 4.6 is inlet pump IV; 5.1 is agitator III, 5.2 is DO/pH online measuring instrument II, 5.3 is sampling port III, 5.4 is inlet pump V, 5.5 is inlet pump VI; 6.1 is overflow pipe II, 6.2 is venting pipe II, 7.1 is agitator IV, and 7.2 is DO/pH online measuring instrument III, 7.3 is the aeration head III, 7.4 is the gas flow meter III, 7.5 is the air pump III, 7.6 is the inlet pump VII, and 7.7 is the sampling port IV.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

以下结合具体的实施例子对上述方案做进一步说明,本发明的优选实施例详述如下:The above scheme will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments, and preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail as follows:

下面结合附图和实施例对本发明做进一步详细说明:如图1所示,一种实现城市污水Anammox脱氮最大化的系统与方法,包括:The present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments: as shown in Figure 1, a system and method for realizing the maximization of urban sewage Anammox denitrification, comprising:

城市污水原水箱中的污水进入有机物捕获反应器,进行COD的捕获去除;有机物捕获反应器出水流经主流短程硝化反应器;污泥厌氧消化液储备箱中的污泥消化液进入侧流短程硝化反应器,进行短程硝化产NO2 --N;侧流短程硝化反应器的出水与主流短程硝化反应器的出水一同输送到厌氧氨氧化反应器进行氮素去除,最后厌氧氨氧化反应器出水和城市污水再一同进入短程反硝化耦合厌氧氨氧化反应器进行深度脱氮。The sewage in the urban sewage raw water tank enters the organic matter capture reactor for COD capture and removal; the effluent of the organic matter capture reactor flows through the mainstream short-path nitrification reactor; the sludge digested liquid in the sludge anaerobic digestion liquid storage tank enters the side-flow short-path The nitrification reactor is used for short-path nitrification to produce NO 2 - -N; the effluent of the side-flow short-path nitrification reactor and the effluent of the mainstream short-path nitrification reactor are transported to the anammox reactor for nitrogen removal, and finally the anammox reaction The effluent and urban sewage enter the short-range denitrification coupled anammox reactor together for deep denitrification.

具体试验用水取自某小区生活污水,其水质如下:COD浓度为348.6mg/L;NH4 +-N浓度为52.8mg/L,NO2 --N≤0.5mg/L,NO3 --N≤0.5mg/L。厌氧污泥消化液水质如下:NH4 +-N浓度为439.6mg/L、COD浓度为338.8mg/L试验系统如图1所示,有机物捕获反应器有效体积为8L、主流短程硝化反应器的有效体积为12L、侧流短程硝化反应器的有效体积为1L,厌氧氨氧化反应器的有效体积为3L,短程反硝化耦合厌氧氨氧化反应器的有效体积为5L。短程硝化反应器与有机物捕获反应器底部安装曝气装置,可通过调节流量计和DO在线反馈控制恒定的溶解氧。The specific test water is taken from the domestic sewage of a certain community, and its water quality is as follows: COD concentration is 348.6mg/L; NH 4 + -N concentration is 52.8mg/L, NO 2 - -N≤0.5mg/L, NO 3 - -N ≤0.5mg/L. The water quality of anaerobic sludge digestion solution is as follows: NH 4 + -N concentration is 439.6mg/L, COD concentration is 338.8mg/L The test system is shown in Figure 1, the effective volume of the organic matter capture reactor is 8L, and the mainstream short-path nitrification reactor is The effective volume is 12L, the effective volume of the side-stream short-path nitrification reactor is 1L, the effective volume of the anammox reactor is 3L, and the effective volume of the short-path denitrification coupled anammox reactor is 5L. The aeration device is installed at the bottom of the short-path nitrification reactor and the organic matter capture reactor, and the constant dissolved oxygen can be controlled by adjusting the flow meter and DO online feedback.

具体运行操作如下:The specific operation is as follows:

1.启动系统:将具有短程硝化活性的污泥分别投加至主流短程硝化反应器和侧流短程硝化反应器中,使反应器内污泥浓度MLSS=3.0g/L;将具有厌氧氨氧化活性的污泥投加至厌氧氨氧化反应器中,使反应器内污泥浓度MLSS=6.0g/L;将具有高NO2 --N积累的短程反硝化污泥和厌氧氨氧化活性污泥按质量浓度比为1:3投加至短程反硝化耦合厌氧氨氧化反应器中,使反应器内污泥浓度MLSS=4.0g/L。所述短程硝化污泥反应过程NO2 --N积累率大于90%,短程反硝化污泥反应过程NO3 --N到NO2 --N转化率大于80%。1. Start-up system: Add the sludge with short-path nitrification activity to the mainstream short-path nitrification reactor and the side-flow short-path nitrification reactor respectively, so that the sludge concentration in the reactor is MLSS=3.0g/L; The oxidatively active sludge is fed into the anammox reactor, so that the sludge concentration in the reactor is MLSS=6.0g/L; the short-range denitrification sludge with high NO 2 - -N accumulation and anammox The activated sludge was added to the short-range denitrification coupled anammox reactor at a mass concentration ratio of 1:3, so that the sludge concentration in the reactor was MLSS=4.0g/L. The accumulation rate of NO 2 - -N in the short-range nitrification sludge reaction process is greater than 90%, and the conversion rate of NO 3 - -N to NO 2 - -N during the short-range denitrification sludge reaction process is greater than 80%.

2.运行时调节操作如下:2. The adjustment operation at runtime is as follows:

城市污水(48L/d)引入有机物捕获反应器,在反应器溶解氧DO浓度为1.0~1.2mg/L,水力停留时间为4h,污泥停留时间为3d时,出水NH4 +-N浓度平均值为49.3mg/L,COD浓度平均值为42.6mg/L;Urban sewage (48L/d) was introduced into the organic matter capture reactor. When the dissolved oxygen DO concentration in the reactor was 1.0-1.2mg/L, the hydraulic retention time was 4h, and the sludge retention time was 3d, the average NH 4 + -N concentration in the effluent was obtained. The value is 49.3mg/L, and the average COD concentration is 42.6mg/L;

有机物捕获反应器出水引入主流短程硝化反应器中,在溶解氧浓度为0.3mg/L左右,污泥停留时间为12d,每天运行8个周期(每周期好氧2h),排水比为50%时,出水NH4 +-N、NO3 --N、NO2 --N浓度平均值分别为18.3mg/L、12.4mg/L、17.2mg/L;The effluent of the organic matter capture reactor is introduced into the mainstream short-path nitrification reactor. When the dissolved oxygen concentration is about 0.3mg/L, the sludge residence time is 12d, 8 cycles are run every day (aerobic 2h per cycle), and the drainage ratio is 50%. , the average concentrations of NH 4 + -N, NO 3 - -N and NO 2 - -N in the effluent are 18.3mg/L, 12.4mg/L and 17.2mg/L, respectively;

污泥厌氧消化上清液(1L/d)引入侧流短程硝化反应器中,在溶解氧浓度为1.0mg/L左右,污泥停留时间为16d,每天运行2个周期(每周期好氧1h),排水比为50%时,出水NH4 +-N浓度平均值为38.8mg/L、NO2 --N浓度平均值为345.6mg/L,NO3 --N浓度平均值为35.5mg/L;The supernatant of sludge anaerobic digestion (1L/d) was introduced into the side-flow short-path nitrification reactor. When the dissolved oxygen concentration was about 1.0mg/L, the sludge residence time was 16d, and it ran for 2 cycles per day (each cycle aerobic 1h), when the drainage ratio is 50%, the average concentration of NH 4 + -N in the effluent is 38.8mg/L, the average concentration of NO 2 - -N is 345.6mg/L, and the average concentration of NO 3 - -N is 35.5mg /L;

将主流短程硝化反应器出水(48L/d)与侧流短程硝化反应器出水(1.0L/d)一同进入厌氧氨氧化反应器中,水力停留时间为1.5h,反应器出水NO2 --N浓度平均值为0.8mg/L、NH4 +-N浓度平均值为1.2mg/L、NO3 --N浓度平均值为17.5mg/L;The main stream short-path nitrification reactor effluent (48L/d) and the side-stream short-path nitrification reactor effluent (1.0L/d) were entered into the anammox reactor together, the hydraulic retention time was 1.5h, and the reactor effluent NO 2 - - The average value of N concentration is 0.8mg/L, the average value of NH 4 + -N concentration is 1.2mg/L, and the average value of NO 3 - -N concentration is 17.5mg/L;

厌氧氨氧化反应器出水和城市污水(11L/d)一同进入短程反硝化耦合厌氧氨氧化反应器中,在水力停留时间为2h,通过排反应器中絮体污泥(粒径小于0.2mm)控制污泥停留时间为16d的条件下,出水NH4 +-N浓度平均值为1.3mg/L,NO3 --N浓度平均值为3.4mg/L,NO2 --N几乎为0mg/L。The effluent of the anammox reactor and the municipal sewage (11L/d) enter the short-range denitrification coupled anammox reactor together. The hydraulic retention time is 2h, and the flocculent sludge (particle size less than 0.2 h) is discharged from the reactor. mm) under the condition that the sludge residence time is controlled to be 16d, the average concentration of NH 4 + -N in the effluent is 1.3mg/L, the average concentration of NO 3 - -N is 3.4mg/L, and the concentration of NO 2 - -N is almost 0mg /L.

长期运行稳定后,该组合系统的最终出水COD浓度平均值为为46.7mg/L,TN浓度平均值为4.7mg/L,城市污水中总氮去除率高达91.0%。After long-term stable operation, the final effluent COD concentration of the combined system is 46.7 mg/L, the TN concentration is 4.7 mg/L, and the total nitrogen removal rate in urban sewage is as high as 91.0%.

Claims (2)

1.一种实现城市污水Anammox脱氮最大化的系统,其特征在于:设有城市污水原水箱(1)、有机物捕获反应器(2)、主流短程硝化反应器(3)、厌氧氨氧化反应器(4)、短程反硝化耦合厌氧氨氧化反应器(5)、污泥厌氧消化液储备箱(6)、侧流短程硝化反应器(7);其中,城市污水原水箱(1)中的污水进入有机物捕获反应器(2),进行COD的捕获去除;有机物捕获反应器(2)出水流经主流短程硝化反应器(3);污泥厌氧消化液储备箱(6)中的污泥消化液进入侧流短程硝化反应器(6),进行短程硝化产NO2 --N;侧流短程硝化反应器(6)的出水与主流短程硝化反应器(3)的出水一同输送到厌氧氨氧化反应器(4)进行氮素去除,最后厌氧氨氧化反应器(4)出水和城市污水再一同进入短程反硝化耦合厌氧氨氧化反应器(5)进行深度脱氮;1. a system that realizes urban sewage Anammox denitrification maximization is characterized in that: be provided with urban sewage raw water tank (1), organic matter capture reactor (2), mainstream short-range nitrification reactor (3), anaerobic ammonia oxidation A reactor (4), a short-path denitrification coupled anammox reactor (5), a sludge anaerobic digestion solution storage tank (6), and a side-stream short-path nitrification reactor (7); wherein, the urban sewage raw water tank (1) ) into the organic matter capture reactor (2) to capture and remove COD; the effluent from the organic matter capture reactor (2) flows through the mainstream short-range nitrification reactor (3); the sludge anaerobic digestion solution storage tank (6) The sludge digested liquid enters the side-flow short-path nitrification reactor (6) for short-path nitrification to produce NO 2 - -N; the effluent of the side-flow short-path nitrification reactor (6) is transported together with the effluent of the mainstream short-path nitrification reactor (3) Nitrogen removal is carried out in the anammox reactor (4), and finally the effluent of the anammox reactor (4) and the municipal sewage enter the short-path denitrification coupled anammox reactor (5) together for deep denitrification; 所述城市污水原水箱(1)为密闭箱体,设有溢流管Ⅰ(1.1)和放空管Ⅰ(1.2);The urban sewage raw water tank (1) is a closed box body, and is provided with an overflow pipe I (1.1) and a vent pipe I (1.2); 所述有机物捕获反应器(2)设有搅拌器Ⅰ(2.1)、曝气头Ⅰ(2.2)、气体流量计Ⅰ(2.3)、气泵Ⅰ(2.4)、进水泵Ⅰ(2.5);The organic matter capture reactor (2) is provided with a stirrer I (2.1), an aeration head I (2.2), a gas flow meter I (2.3), an air pump I (2.4), and an inlet pump I (2.5); 所述主流短程硝化反应器(3)设有搅拌器Ⅱ(3.1)、DO/pH在线测定仪Ⅰ(3.2)、曝气头Ⅱ(3.3)、气体流量计Ⅱ(3.4)、气泵Ⅱ(3.5)、进水泵Ⅱ(3.6)、取样口Ⅰ(3.7);The mainstream short-path nitrification reactor (3) is provided with a stirrer II (3.1), a DO/pH online measuring instrument I (3.2), an aeration head II (3.3), a gas flow meter II (3.4), an air pump II (3.5 ), inlet water pump II (3.6), sampling port I (3.7); 所述厌氧氨氧化反应器(4)设有取样口Ⅱ(4.1)、进水泵Ⅲ(4.2)、出水口(4.3)、三相分离器(4.4)、集气瓶(4.5)、进水泵Ⅳ(4.6);The anammox reactor (4) is provided with a sampling port II (4.1), an inlet pump III (4.2), a water outlet (4.3), a three-phase separator (4.4), a gas collecting bottle (4.5), and an inlet pump IV(4.6); 所述短程反硝化耦合厌氧氨氧化反应器(5)设有搅拌器Ⅲ(5.1)、DO/pH在线测定仪Ⅱ(5.2)、取样口Ⅲ(5.3)、进水泵Ⅴ(5.4)、进水泵Ⅵ(5.5);The short-path denitrification coupled anammox reactor (5) is provided with a stirrer III (5.1), a DO/pH online measuring instrument II (5.2), a sampling port III (5.3), an inlet pump V (5.4), an inlet Water pump VI (5.5); 所述污泥厌氧消化液储备箱(6)设有溢流管Ⅰ(6.1)和放空管Ⅰ(6.2);The sludge anaerobic digestion liquid storage tank (6) is provided with an overflow pipe I (6.1) and a vent pipe I (6.2); 所述侧流短程硝化反应器(7)设有搅拌器Ⅳ(7.1)、DO/pH在线测定仪Ⅲ(7.2)、曝气头Ⅲ(7.3)、气体流量计Ⅲ(7.4)、气泵Ⅲ(7.5)、进水泵Ⅶ(7.6)、取样口Ⅳ(7.7)。The side-flow short-path nitrification reactor (7) is provided with a stirrer IV (7.1), a DO/pH online measuring instrument III (7.2), an aeration head III (7.3), a gas flow meter III (7.4), an air pump III ( 7.5), inlet water pump VII (7.6), sampling port IV (7.7). 2.应用如权利要求1所述系统一种实现城市污水Anammox脱氮最大化的方法,其特征包括以下步骤:2. a method for realizing the maximization of urban sewage Anammox denitrification by the system according to claim 1, is characterized by comprising the following steps: 1)启动系统:将具有短程硝化活性的污泥分别投加至主流短程硝化反应器和侧流短程硝化反应器中,使反应器内污泥浓度MLSS=3.0~4.0g/L;将具有厌氧氨氧化活性的污泥投加至厌氧氨氧化反应器中,使反应器内污泥浓度MLSS=5.0~10.0g/L;将短程反硝化污泥和厌氧氨氧化污泥按质量浓度比为1:1~3投加至短程反硝化耦合厌氧氨氧化反应器中,使反应器内污泥浓度MLSS=4~6.0g/L;所述短程硝化污泥反应过程NO2 --N积累率大于90%,短程反硝化污泥反应过程NO3 --N到NO2 --N转化率大于80%;1) Start-up system: Add the sludge with short-path nitrification activity to the mainstream short-path nitrification reactor and the side-flow short-path nitrification reactor respectively, so that the sludge concentration in the reactor is MLSS=3.0~4.0g/L; The sludge with oxyammonium oxidation activity is added to the anammox reactor, so that the sludge concentration in the reactor is MLSS=5.0~10.0g/L; The ratio of 1:1-3 is added to the short-path denitrification coupled anammox reactor, so that the sludge concentration in the reactor is MLSS=4-6.0g/L; the short-path nitrification sludge reaction process NO 2 - - The N accumulation rate is greater than 90%, and the conversion rate of NO 3 - -N to NO 2 - -N in the short-range denitrification sludge reaction process is greater than 80%; 2)运行时调节操作如下2) The adjustment operation at runtime is as follows 城市污水引入有机物捕获反应器,控制反应器溶解氧DO浓度为1.0~4.0mg/L,水力停留时间为2~6h,污泥停留时间为2~6d,出水COD浓度为30~60mg/L;The urban sewage is introduced into the organic matter capture reactor, and the dissolved oxygen DO concentration of the reactor is controlled to be 1.0-4.0 mg/L, the hydraulic retention time is 2-6 h, the sludge retention time is 2-6 d, and the effluent COD concentration is 30-60 mg/L; 有机物捕获反应器出水引入主流短程硝化反应器中,控制溶解氧浓度为0.1~0.5mg/L,污泥停留时间为8~15d;The effluent of the organic matter capture reactor is introduced into the mainstream short-path nitrification reactor, the dissolved oxygen concentration is controlled to be 0.1-0.5mg/L, and the sludge residence time is 8-15d; 污泥厌氧消化上清液引入侧流短程硝化反应器中,控制溶解氧浓度为0.5~1.5mg/L,污泥停留时间为8~20d,NH4 +-N去除率大于90%,NO2 --N积累率大于80%;The supernatant of sludge anaerobic digestion is introduced into the side-flow short-path nitrification reactor, the dissolved oxygen concentration is controlled to be 0.5-1.5mg/L, the sludge residence time is 8-20d, the NH 4 + -N removal rate is greater than 90%, the NO 2 - -N accumulation rate is greater than 80%; 将主流短程硝化反应器出水与侧流短程硝化反应器出水一同进入厌氧氨氧化反应器中,控制混合进水NO2 --N与NH4 +-N质量浓度比为1.2~1.4,反应器出水NO2 --N浓度小于3mg/L;The effluent of the main stream short-path nitrification reactor and the effluent of the side-flow short-path nitrification reactor are sent into the anammox reactor together, and the mass concentration ratio of NO 2 - -N and NH 4 + -N in the mixed influent is controlled to be 1.2 to 1.4, and the reactor The effluent NO 2 - -N concentration is less than 3mg/L; 厌氧氨氧化反应器出水和城市污水一同进入短程反硝化耦合厌氧氨氧化反应器中,控制混合进水中NO3 --N与NH4 +-N质量浓度比为1.2~1.5,COD与NO3 --N质量浓度比为2.8~4.5,污泥停留时间为8~20d,反应器排泥粒径为小于0.2mm的絮体污泥;The anaerobic ammonium oxidation reactor effluent and urban sewage enter the short-range denitrification coupled anaerobic ammonium oxidation reactor together, and the mass concentration ratio of NO 3 - -N and NH 4 + -N in the mixed influent is controlled to be 1.2 to 1.5, and the COD and The NO 3 - -N mass concentration ratio is 2.8 to 4.5, the sludge residence time is 8 to 20 d, and the particle size of the sludge discharged from the reactor is flocculent sludge less than 0.2 mm; 所述厌氧氨氧化反应器运行过程,当其进水NO2 --N与NH4 +-N质量浓度比小于1.2时,提高主流短程硝化反应器NH4 +-N的去除率,当其大于1.4时,降低主流短程硝化反应器NH4 +-N的去除率;During the operation of the anammox reactor, when the mass concentration ratio of NO 2 - -N and NH 4 + -N in the influent water is less than 1.2, the removal rate of NH 4 + -N in the mainstream short-path nitrification reactor is improved. When it is greater than 1.4, the removal rate of NH 4 + -N in the mainstream short-path nitrification reactor is reduced; 所述厌氧氨氧化反应器运行过程,当其出水NO2 --N浓度大于3mg/L,适当延长水力停留时间;During the operation of the anammox reactor, when the NO 2 - -N concentration in the effluent is greater than 3 mg/L, the hydraulic retention time is appropriately extended; 所述短程反硝化耦合厌氧氨氧化反应器运行过程,当其进水COD与NO3 --N质量浓度比大于4.5时,通过引入有机物捕获反应器出水在2.8~4.5范围内降低COD与NO3 --N质量浓度比。In the operation process of the short-range denitrification coupled anammox reactor, when the mass concentration ratio of COD and NO 3 - -N in the influent water is greater than 4.5, the effluent of the organic matter capture reactor is introduced to reduce COD and NO in the range of 2.8 to 4.5. 3 - -N mass concentration ratio.
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