CN115041932A - Method for machining three-dimensional flow impeller blade of centrifugal ventilator - Google Patents
Method for machining three-dimensional flow impeller blade of centrifugal ventilator Download PDFInfo
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- CN115041932A CN115041932A CN202210738696.2A CN202210738696A CN115041932A CN 115041932 A CN115041932 A CN 115041932A CN 202210738696 A CN202210738696 A CN 202210738696A CN 115041932 A CN115041932 A CN 115041932A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 title description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 40
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 40
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003698 laser cutting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
- B23P15/04—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass turbine or like blades from several pieces
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
- Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of blade manufacturing, in particular to a method for processing a three-dimensional flow impeller blade of a centrifugal fan.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of blade manufacturing, in particular to a method for processing a three-dimensional flow impeller blade of a centrifugal fan.
Background
Due to the requirement of industrial production, high efficiency is the main direction of the development of the fan in the future. The traditional centrifugal ventilator has several shapes, including flat plate, circular arc, hollow wing, etc. and has its advantages. The flat plate-shaped blade is easy to process and manufacture, the hollow wing-shaped blade has excellent aerodynamic characteristics, and the circular arc-shaped blade is between the manufacturing cost and the flow efficiency. Nevertheless, the blades of the three structural forms belong to two-dimensional blades, and can not completely adapt to the flowing rule of gas in the fan impeller, so that certain energy loss is caused.
The centrifugal fan adopts the three-dimensional flow blades to completely adapt to the flowing characteristic of gas in the impeller, reduce the flowing loss and improve the whole efficiency of the fan, and the actual operation result shows that the flowing efficiency of the impeller and the whole efficiency of the fan are greatly improved. However, compared with the processing cost of the conventional two-dimensional fan impeller blade, the novel three-dimensional flow fan blade is extremely difficult to process, firstly, after the pneumatic design is completed, a processing mold for milling the blade by a numerical control machine tool is needed, a five-axis processing center is usually adopted for manufacturing the mold, the equipment cost of the five-axis processing center is extremely high, and the manufacturing cost of a fan host machine can be greatly increased due to the mold material cost and the processing cost of only the three-dimensional flow fan blade. In addition, the types of the ventilators are numerous, the shapes of the fan blades of each type are different, the moulds of various types cannot be used universally, and the blade moulds of the left-handed fan and the right-handed fan cannot be used universally, so that the market popularization speed of the three-dimensional flow fan is restricted, and the application of the three-dimensional flow impeller to the centrifugal ventilator is limited.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems that the three-dimensional flow impeller is high in production and manufacturing cost and difficult to meet actual requirements, the invention provides a method for machining blades of the three-dimensional flow impeller of a centrifugal fan.
The technical problem of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a method for processing a centrifugal ventilator three-dimensional flow impeller blade comprises the following operation steps:
a, manufacturing a sectional profile of a pressing-fit die sheet of a steel plate inserting mold through three-dimensional modeling software according to a three-dimensional model of a blade;
a1, manufacturing a blade model, and cutting the blade surface of the blade model in a modularized manner to form a blade cutting module formed by splicing a plurality of cutting modules;
a2, extracting the center line of the profile of the tangent plane from the tangent plane of each cutting module and each blade to form a blade tangent plane wire harness;
a3, respectively making an upper reference line and a lower reference line above and below the tangent plane wire harness of the blade;
a4, making a perpendicular line between the end point of each blade section line bundle and the upper datum line to form an upper die section; making a vertical line between each blade tangent plane wire harness and the lower datum plane to form a lower die sheet tangent plane; thereby forming a sectional profile of the laminated die sheet;
b, forming a blanking drawing according to the pressed template section profile drawing for blanking, and manufacturing a spliced steel plate splicing die;
step C, carrying out fine treatment on the blade pressing surfaces of the steel plate inserting die, and eliminating a step layer between the inserting steel plate pressing surfaces; fixing the steel plate inserting mold on the pressure equipment;
and D, cutting and blanking the blade material plates, heating and cooling the blade material plates, and then placing the blade material plates in a steel plate inserting mold for pressing and molding.
Preferably, the width dimension of each cutting module in step a1 is between 5-8 mm; and the width dimension of each cutting module is the same.
Preferably, after the step a4, making perpendicular lines perpendicular to the upper and lower reference lines at two end points of the blade tangent plane beam along the reference line to form a die alignment baseline.
Preferably, the steel plate inserting mold comprises an upper template module, a lower template module, an upper bottom plate and a lower bottom plate; the upper template module is arranged on the upper bottom plate; the lower template module is arranged on the lower bottom plate; the upper template module is connected with the lower template module in a pressing mode, and the pressing connection surface of the upper template module and the lower template module is matched with the blade profile.
Preferably, the lower template module is formed by sequentially arranging a plurality of lower templates; the bottom of the single lower template is provided with a lower convex inserting block; the lower template is spliced with the lower bottom plate through the lower convex plug block.
Preferably, the upper template module is formed by sequentially arranging a plurality of upper templates; the bottom of the single upper template is provided with an upper convex insert block; the upper template is spliced with the upper base plate through the upper convex plug block.
Preferably, the side ends of the upper template module and the lower template module are provided with reinforcing rib groups, and the reinforcing rib groups are respectively welded with the upper template module and the lower template module.
Preferably, positioning holes are correspondingly formed in the pressing surfaces of the upper template module and the lower template module; and a positioning pin shaft is arranged on the positioning hole of the lower template module.
Preferably, in the step C, welding is performed on the step between adjacent splicing steel plates on the splicing surface of the steel plate splicing die to form a weld beading, and molded line polishing is performed on the welded splicing surface.
Preferably, the heating temperature of the blade material plate in the step D is 550-750 ℃, and the heating time is 3.5-4 h; the cooling temperature of the blade material sheet is 150-250 ℃.
In summary, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the processing method of the three-dimensional flow impeller blade simulates and manufactures a three-dimensional model of a steel plate insertion mold through three-dimensional modeling software, further transforms and manufactures the steel plate insertion mold, and a pressing surface of the steel plate insertion mold is matched with a molded line of the surface of the blade to be processed, so that the required blade is pressed.
2. In the invention, the step parts of the adjacent splicing steel plates are welded, so that the adjacent splicing steel plates can be stably connected, faults can be effectively eliminated, the smoothness of a press-fit surface is ensured, and the press-fit surface is matched with the molded line of the blade to be processed; annealing heat treatment is carried out before the blade flitch is pressed, so that the tissue defect is eliminated, the mechanical property of the flitch is improved, and the residual stress is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a three-dimensional flow impeller blade configuration;
FIG. 2 is a schematic plan view of a blade cutting module;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a blade cutting module;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a blade section wire harness;
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional profile of a bonded die;
FIG. 6 is a front view of a steel plate plugging mold structure;
FIG. 7 is a side view of a steel plate insertion mold structure;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a lower plate structure;
fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a lower template module.
Description of reference numerals:
1. an upper template module; 2. a lower template module; 3. an upper base plate; 4. a lower base plate; 5. an upper convex insert block; 6. a lower convex insert block; 7. a reinforcing rib group; 8. and (6) positioning the pin shaft.
Detailed Description
In order that the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention can be more clearly understood, the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, however, the present invention may be practiced in other ways than those specifically described herein, and thus the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments of the present disclosure.
The invention discloses a method for processing a three-dimensional flow impeller blade of a centrifugal fan, which specifically comprises the following operation steps as shown in figure 1;
a, designing a three-dimensional blade model, and manufacturing a steel plate insertion mold pressing die piece section outline drawing through three-dimensional modeling software according to the three-dimensional blade model; the three-dimensional modeling software can adopt SolidWorks software;
a1, manufacturing a blade model, and cutting the blade surface of the blade model in a modularized manner to form a blade cutting module formed by splicing a plurality of cutting modules; the specific modularized leaf surface cutting operation steps are as follows: as shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, the starting point of the intersection of the blade and the impeller rear disk is a point A, the end point is a point B, the starting point of the intersection of the blade and the impeller front disk is a point D, and the end point is a point C; the connection point A and the point B form a straight line AB; making a point E of intersection between the point C and the perpendicular line of the straight line AB; point C, point B and point E form a plane CEB; the straight line AB is positioned on a vertical plane of the plane CEB; this vertical plane is named plane M; cutting the blade by using the plane M to form a plurality of blade cutting modules with spliced tangent plane modules; the width dimension of each cutting module is between 5 and 8 mm; and the width dimension of each cutting module is the same, and the width dimension of each cutting module is the thickness dimension of a single splicing steel plate in the later stage, so that the width dimension of each cutting module is not selected to be too large, otherwise, the precision of the manufactured template cannot meet the requirement of processing the blade easily, and the processing difficulty is increased.
a2, as shown in fig. 4, extracting the center line of the tangent plane outline of each cutting module and the tangent plane of the blade, wherein the center lines of all the cutting modules form a blade tangent plane wiring harness; a three-dimensional profile surface formed by the wire harness of the blade tangent plane is the profile surface of the die;
a3, as shown in FIG. 4, points A1 and B1 connecting the blade tangent plane strands form a straight line A1B 1; an upper reference line and a lower reference line are respectively made above and below the line bundle of the tangent plane of the blade in parallel to the straight line A1B 1;
a4, making a perpendicular line between the end point of each blade section line bundle and the upper datum line to form an upper die section; making a vertical line between each blade tangent plane wire harness and the lower datum plane to form a lower die sheet tangent plane; thereby forming a sectional profile of the laminated die;
a5, as shown in fig. 5, because the upper and lower reference lines of the straight line A1D1 and the straight line B1C1 are not perpendicular, the upper and lower templates after blanking according to the sectional profile of the laminated die are not aligned well, so that the vertical lines are made perpendicular to the upper and lower reference lines through A1 and B1, respectively, to form a die alignment baseline; the alignment after the grafting of convenient later stage grafting steel sheet.
Each blade section wire harness forms an upper die piece section diagram together with an upper datum line and two end vertical lines, and each blade section wire harness forms a lower die piece section diagram together with a lower datum line and two end vertical lines; forming upper and lower template tangent plane figures formed by all corresponding blade tangent plane wire harnesses into a steel plate splicing tangent plane profile blanking graph; meanwhile, in order to facilitate the positioning between the die sheet and the bottom plate, the upper datum line and the lower datum line are respectively provided with a bulge, so that the blanking rear template is in plug-in connection with the bottom plate.
After the steps are completed, three-dimensional modeling is carried out according to the upper die slice sectional diagram and the lower die slice sectional diagram to form a three-dimensional model diagram of the steel plate inserting mold, and later steel plate inserting manufacturing is simulated in advance, so that manufacturing obstacles are reduced.
Step B, forming a plurality of blanking graphs of the inserted steel plates and finally formed upper die slice section graphs and lower die slice section graphs according to the pressed die section profile graphs of the steel plate inserted mold, respectively cutting and blanking the upper die plate, the lower die plate and the bottom plate according to the size requirement by using a laser cutting machine, and splicing and connecting to form the steel plate inserted mold;
as shown in fig. 6 to 9, the steel plate insertion mold comprises an upper template module 1, a lower template module 2, an upper base plate 3 and a lower base plate 4; the upper template module 1 is arranged on the upper bottom plate 3; the lower template module 2 is arranged on the lower bottom plate 4; the upper template module 1 is connected with the lower template module 2 in a pressing mode, and the pressing connection surface of the upper template module 1 and the lower template module 2 is matched with the blade profile.
The upper template module 1 is formed by sequentially arranging a plurality of upper templates; the bottom of the single upper template is provided with an upper convex inserting block 5; the upper bottom plate 3 is provided with a long hole corresponding to the upper convex inserting block 5, and the single upper plate is sequentially inserted into the long hole on the upper bottom plate 3 through the upper convex inserting block 5.
The lower template module 2 is formed by sequentially arranging a plurality of lower templates; the bottom of the single lower template is provided with a lower convex insert block 6; the lower bottom plate 4 is provided with a strip hole corresponding to the lower convex inserting block 6, and the single lower template is correspondingly inserted into the strip hole on the lower bottom plate 4 through the lower convex inserting block 6, so that the fixation of the inserted steel plate on the bottom plate is facilitated.
And reinforcing rib groups 7 are arranged at the side ends of the upper template module 1 and the lower template module 2, the reinforcing rib groups 7 are respectively welded with the upper template module 1 and the lower template module 2, and the upper template and the lower template are further respectively reinforced to form an upper template module and a lower template module.
Positioning holes are correspondingly arranged on the pressing surfaces of the upper template module 1 and the lower template module 2; and a positioning pin shaft 8 is arranged on the positioning hole of the lower template module 2, so that the upper template module 1 and the lower template module 2 are accurately positioned.
Step C, carrying out fine treatment on the blade pressing surfaces of the steel plate inserting mold, carrying out welding treatment on the steps of the adjacent inserting steel plate pressing surfaces, filling the faults with welding beading, and then carrying out polishing after welding to eliminate step layers between the inserting steel plate pressing surfaces; the molded line of the laminating surface is ensured to be smooth, the laminating surface is checked by using color or white powder, and the good laminating contact of the upper template module 1 and the lower template module 2 is ensured; fully welding the contact position of the bottom plate and the template, and fixing the steel plate inserting mold on pressure equipment;
d, cutting and blanking the blade flitch through a laser cutting machine, heating and cooling the cut blade flitch, specifically, putting the blade flitch in an electric furnace for heating, keeping the furnace temperature at normal temperature, quickly heating to 250 ℃, then heating according to the heating speed of 100 ℃/h, keeping the temperature of the flitch between 550 and 750 ℃ after heating, soaking for 3.5 to 4 hours, and then naturally cooling the material piece in the electric furnace to 150 to 250 ℃ for discharging; and placing the heated and cooled flitch on the laminating surface of the lower template module, and attaching the upper mold and the lower mold to complete the profiling of the blade, thereby eliminating the tissue defect, improving the mechanical property of the flitch and reducing the residual stress.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention in other forms, and any person skilled in the art may apply the above-mentioned technical details to other fields by using the equivalent embodiments with equivalent changes or modifications, but any simple modification and equivalent changes made to the above embodiments according to the technical spirit of the present invention may still fall within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for processing a centrifugal fan three-dimensional flow impeller blade is characterized by comprising the following operation steps:
a, manufacturing a sectional profile of a pressing-fit die sheet of a steel plate inserting mold through three-dimensional modeling software according to a three-dimensional model of a blade;
a1, manufacturing a blade model, and cutting the blade surface of the blade model in a modularized manner to form a blade cutting module formed by splicing a plurality of cutting modules;
a2, extracting the center line of the tangent plane profile of each cutting module and the tangent plane of the blade to form a blade tangent plane wire harness;
a3, respectively making an upper reference line and a lower reference line above and below the tangent plane wire harness of the blade;
a4, making a perpendicular line between the end point of each blade section line bundle and the upper datum line to form an upper die section; making a vertical line between each blade tangent plane wire harness and the lower datum plane to form a lower die sheet tangent plane; thereby forming a sectional profile of the laminated die;
b, forming a blanking drawing according to the pressed template section profile drawing for blanking, and manufacturing a spliced steel plate splicing die;
step C, carrying out fine treatment on the blade pressing surfaces of the steel plate inserting die, and eliminating a step layer between the inserting steel plate pressing surfaces; fixing the steel plate inserting mold on the pressure equipment;
and D, cutting and blanking the blade material plates, heating and cooling the blade material plates, and then placing the blade material plates in a steel plate inserting mold for pressing and molding.
2. The method for processing the three-dimensional flow impeller blade of the centrifugal ventilator according to the claim 1, characterized in that: the width dimension of each cutting module in the step a1 is between 5 and 8 mm; and the width dimension of each cutting module is the same.
3. The method for processing the three-dimensional flow impeller blade of the centrifugal ventilator according to the claim 1, characterized in that: and c, after the step a4, making vertical lines perpendicular to the upper and lower datum lines at two end points of the blade tangent plane wiring harness along the datum line respectively to form a die alignment datum line.
4. The method for processing the three-dimensional flow impeller blade of the centrifugal ventilator according to the claim 1, characterized in that: the steel plate inserting mold comprises an upper template module, a lower template module, an upper bottom plate and a lower bottom plate; the upper template module is arranged on the upper bottom plate; the lower template module is arranged on the lower bottom plate; the upper template module is connected with the lower template module in a pressing mode, and the pressing connection surface of the upper template module and the lower template module is matched with the blade profile.
5. The method for processing the blade of the centrifugal fan three-dimensional flow impeller according to claim 4, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the lower template module is formed by sequentially arranging a plurality of lower templates; the bottom of the single lower template is provided with a lower convex inserting block; the lower template is spliced with the lower bottom plate through the lower convex plug block.
6. The method for processing the three-dimensional flow impeller blade of the centrifugal ventilator according to the claim 4, characterized in that: the upper template module is formed by sequentially arranging a plurality of upper templates; the bottom of the single upper template is provided with an upper convex insert block; the upper template is spliced with the upper base plate through the upper convex plug block.
7. The method for processing the blade of the centrifugal fan three-dimensional flow impeller according to claim 4, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and reinforcing rib groups are arranged at the side ends of the upper template module and the lower template module and are respectively connected with the upper template module and the lower template module in a welding manner.
8. The method for processing the three-dimensional flow impeller blade of the centrifugal ventilator according to the claim 4, characterized in that: positioning holes are correspondingly formed in the laminating surfaces of the upper template module and the lower template module; and a positioning pin shaft is arranged on the positioning hole of the lower template module.
9. The method for processing the three-dimensional flow impeller blade of the centrifugal ventilator according to the claim 1, characterized in that: and C, welding the step between the adjacent splicing steel plates on the laminating surface of the steel plate splicing mould to form a weld beading, and polishing the molded line of the laminated surface after welding.
10. The method for processing the blade of the centrifugal fan three-dimensional flow impeller according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step D, the heating temperature of the blade material plate is 550-750 ℃, and the heating time is 3.5-4 h; the cooling temperature of the blade material sheet is 150-250 ℃.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210738696.2A CN115041932B (en) | 2022-06-28 | 2022-06-28 | Processing method of centrifugal ventilator three-way flow impeller blade |
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| CN202210738696.2A CN115041932B (en) | 2022-06-28 | 2022-06-28 | Processing method of centrifugal ventilator three-way flow impeller blade |
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| CN115041932B CN115041932B (en) | 2024-03-15 |
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| CN115041932B (en) | 2024-03-15 |
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