CN115037193A - Direct current brushless motor drive plate with protection function - Google Patents

Direct current brushless motor drive plate with protection function Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115037193A
CN115037193A CN202210648777.3A CN202210648777A CN115037193A CN 115037193 A CN115037193 A CN 115037193A CN 202210648777 A CN202210648777 A CN 202210648777A CN 115037193 A CN115037193 A CN 115037193A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
circuit
voltage
reverse connection
crossing detection
protection function
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Granted
Application number
CN202210648777.3A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN115037193B (en
Inventor
庆晨
钱明星
朱继红
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Changshu Institute of Technology
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Changshu Institute of Technology
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Priority to CN202210648777.3A priority Critical patent/CN115037193B/en
Publication of CN115037193A publication Critical patent/CN115037193A/en
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Publication of CN115037193B publication Critical patent/CN115037193B/en
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02PCONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P6/00Arrangements for controlling synchronous motors or other dynamo-electric motors using electronic commutation dependent on the rotor position; Electronic commutators therefor
    • H02P6/08Arrangements for controlling the speed or torque of a single motor
    • GPHYSICS
    • G08SIGNALLING
    • G08BSIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B21/00Alarms responsive to a single specified undesired or abnormal condition and not otherwise provided for
    • G08B21/18Status alarms
    • G08B21/182Level alarms, e.g. alarms responsive to variables exceeding a threshold
    • GPHYSICS
    • G08SIGNALLING
    • G08BSIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B21/00Alarms responsive to a single specified undesired or abnormal condition and not otherwise provided for
    • G08B21/18Status alarms
    • G08B21/185Electrical failure alarms
    • GPHYSICS
    • G08SIGNALLING
    • G08BSIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B5/00Visible signalling systems, e.g. personal calling systems, remote indication of seats occupied
    • G08B5/22Visible signalling systems, e.g. personal calling systems, remote indication of seats occupied using electric transmission; using electromagnetic transmission
    • G08B5/36Visible signalling systems, e.g. personal calling systems, remote indication of seats occupied using electric transmission; using electromagnetic transmission using visible light sources
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02HEMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H11/00Emergency protective circuit arrangements for preventing the switching-on in case an undesired electric working condition might result
    • H02H11/002Emergency protective circuit arrangements for preventing the switching-on in case an undesired electric working condition might result in case of inverted polarity or connection; with switching for obtaining correct connection
    • H02H11/003Emergency protective circuit arrangements for preventing the switching-on in case an undesired electric working condition might result in case of inverted polarity or connection; with switching for obtaining correct connection using a field effect transistor as protecting element in one of the supply lines
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02HEMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H7/00Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
    • H02H7/08Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for dynamo-electric motors
    • H02H7/085Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for dynamo-electric motors against excessive load
    • H02H7/0854Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for dynamo-electric motors against excessive load responsive to rate of change of current, couple or speed, e.g. anti-kickback protection
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02HEMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H7/00Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
    • H02H7/08Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for dynamo-electric motors
    • H02H7/09Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for dynamo-electric motors against over-voltage; against reduction of voltage; against phase interruption
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02PCONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P6/00Arrangements for controlling synchronous motors or other dynamo-electric motors using electronic commutation dependent on the rotor position; Electronic commutators therefor
    • H02P6/14Electronic commutators
    • H02P6/16Circuit arrangements for detecting position
    • H02P6/18Circuit arrangements for detecting position without separate position detecting elements
    • H02P6/182Circuit arrangements for detecting position without separate position detecting elements using back-emf in windings
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02BCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B20/00Energy efficient lighting technologies, e.g. halogen lamps or gas discharge lamps
    • Y02B20/30Semiconductor lamps, e.g. solid state lamps [SSL] light emitting diodes [LED] or organic LED [OLED]

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Control Of Motors That Do Not Use Commutators (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a direct current brushless motor drive board with a protection function in the field of electronics and electricians, which comprises an LED circuit, an optical coupling isolation module, a six-arm full-bridge drive circuit, an under-voltage protection and reverse connection prevention circuit, an ADC voltage acquisition circuit, a nixie tube display circuit, a 12 v-to-5 v circuit and a reverse electromotive force zero-crossing detection circuit. The power interface of the motor driving board adopts an XT30PW-M motor electrically-regulated horizontal terminal to connect a 12V power supply, a PWM wave signal, an ADC voltage acquisition circuit, a nixie tube display circuit and a counter electromotive force zero-crossing detection circuit, which are all led out through a PH2.0MM bent pin connector. The optical coupling isolation module is adopted to realize complete isolation, so that the MCU can not be influenced by an accident condition; the adjustable under-voltage protection function realizes different under-voltages by adjusting the potentiometer, prevents the voltage from being too low, and the LED can immediately emit light for reminding if the voltage is too low; collecting the current of the motor; the power supply is connected through XT30PW-M, forming a good electrical relationship.

Description

Direct current brushless motor drive plate with protection function
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of electronics and electricians, in particular to a direct current brushless motor driving board with a protection function.
Background
The brushless direct current motor is compared with a traditional direct current motor, and is changed from traditional mechanical steering into electronic steering, so that the defects of mechanical steering, such as sparks and noise caused by mechanical steering are overcome.
Therefore, the invention discloses a direct current brushless motor which not only keeps the advantages of large starting torque and high response speed of the direct current motor, but also has the advantages of high efficiency, long service life, low no-load current, low failure rate and the like.
The brushless motor drive plate commonly used at present has single function and low safety, and the MCU cannot be isolated when an accident happens, so that the drive plate does not have an undervoltage protection function.
Based on this, the invention designs the direct current brushless motor driving board with the protection function to solve the above problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a direct current brushless motor driving board with a protection function, which has the functions of overcurrent protection, undervoltage protection, reverse connection prevention protection and current detection.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: the direct current brushless motor driving board with the protection function comprises a nixie tube display circuit, an LED circuit, a six-arm full-bridge driving circuit, an under-voltage protection and reverse-connection prevention circuit, an ADC voltage acquisition circuit, an optical coupling isolation module, a 12 v-to-5 v circuit and a reverse electromotive force zero-crossing detection circuit;
the nixie tube display circuit adopts two 74HC595S16 cascades;
the LED circuit is used for carrying out 12V power-on prompt, 5V voltage power-on prompt and under-voltage prompt;
the six-arm full-bridge driving circuit is characterized in that a single chip microcomputer inputs PWM signals through a PWM interface, an IR2104 module is driven to emit the PWM signals, an upper arm mos tube and a lower arm mos tube are respectively opened and closed and cannot be opened simultaneously to form interlocking, two phases in three phases of a motor are respectively electrified in sequence through a program, the direction of a continuous magnetic field is continuously changed along with the electrifying sequence, a rotor rotates along the direction of the magnetic field, and the speed can be adjusted through the duty ratio of PWM waves;
the under-voltage protection and reverse connection prevention circuit has a reverse connection prevention function, a grid electrode is connected to a high level through an Nmos tube, so that an NMOS is conducted, if reverse connection occurs, UGS is 0, and the Nmos cannot be conducted, and the reverse connection prevention circuit is formed; the voltage comparator outputs a low level if the input voltage is larger than the reference voltage Pmos transistor, so that the triode is connected with a power supply through a resistor, the Pmos transistor is closed, the lower Nmos transistor is closed, the reference voltage is raised, and the Pmos transistor is prevented from being repeatedly opened and closed under a critical condition;
the ADC voltage acquisition circuit acquires signals through an AMC1200 isolation operational amplifier, and isolates and amplifies the signals;
the optical coupling isolation module isolates an input signal through a 6N137(S) (T1) high-speed optical coupling reasonable module to prevent burning;
the 12V-to-5V circuit converts 12V voltage into 5V voltage through the 1117-5V LDO voltage regulator circuit;
the counter electromotive force zero-crossing detection circuit compares 3 voltages of the 3-phase end points with the midpoint voltage, performs zero-crossing detection, is received by the single chip microcomputer, and sends a signal.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the optical coupling isolation module is adopted to realize complete isolation, and MCU can not be influenced by unexpected conditions.
(2) The under-voltage protection function that can adjust through adjusting the potentiometre, realizes different undervoltages, prevents that voltage from crossing lowly, can give out light immediately if crossing lowly LED to supply to remind.
(3) And collecting the current of the motor.
(4) The power supply is connected through XT30PW-M, forming a good electrical relationship.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram of a nixie tube display according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of an LED of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram of a six-arm full bridge driving circuit according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram of the under-voltage protection and reverse-connection prevention of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram of the ADC voltage acquisition circuit according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram of an opto-isolator module according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a circuit diagram of the 12v to 5v conversion of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a back EMF zero crossing detection circuit of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a circuit diagram of an interface module according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1-9, the present invention provides a technical solution: the direct current brushless motor driving board with the protection function comprises a nixie tube display circuit, an LED circuit, a six-arm full-bridge driving circuit, an under-voltage protection and reverse-connection prevention circuit, an ADC voltage acquisition circuit, an optical coupling isolation module, a 12 v-to-5 v circuit and a reverse electromotive force zero-crossing detection circuit;
the nixie tube display circuit adopts two 74HC595S16 cascades, and compared with the direct connection with a single chip microcomputer, the nixie tube display circuit greatly saves pins;
the LED circuit is used for carrying out 12V power-on prompt, 5V voltage power-on prompt and undervoltage prompt;
the six-arm full-bridge driving circuit is characterized in that a single chip microcomputer inputs PWM signals through a PWM interface, an IR2104 module is driven to emit the PWM signals, an upper arm mos tube and a lower arm mos tube are respectively opened and closed and cannot be opened simultaneously to form interlocking, two phases in three phases of a motor are respectively electrified in sequence through a program, the direction of a continuous magnetic field is continuously changed along with the electrifying sequence, a rotor rotates along the direction of the magnetic field, and the speed can be adjusted through the duty ratio of PWM waves;
the undervoltage protection and reverse connection prevention circuit has a reverse connection prevention function, a grid electrode is connected to a high level through the Nmos tube, the NMOS is conducted, if reverse connection occurs, UGS is 0, the Nmos cannot be conducted, a reverse connection prevention circuit is formed, and compared with a diode, reverse connection prevention is achieved, and the voltage drop of the mos tube is lower. The voltage comparator outputs a low level if the input voltage is larger than the reference voltage Pmos transistor, so that the triode is connected with a power supply through a resistor, the Pmos transistor is closed, the lower Nmos transistor is closed, the reference voltage is raised, and the Pmos transistor is prevented from being repeatedly opened and closed under a critical condition;
the ADC voltage acquisition circuit acquires signals through an AMC1200 isolation operational amplifier, and isolates and amplifies the signals;
the optical coupling isolation module isolates an input signal through a 6N137(S) (T1) high-speed optical coupling reasonable module to prevent burning;
the 12V to 5V circuit converts 12V voltage into 5V voltage through the 1117-5V LDO voltage regulator circuit.
The counter electromotive force zero-crossing detection circuit compares 3 voltages of the end points of the 3 phases with the midpoint voltage, performs zero-crossing detection, is received by the single chip microcomputer, and sends a signal.
The control logic:
PWM signals are input through an interface, isolation is achieved through an optical coupling isolation module, PWM is input into a driving module, the driving module enables an mos tube to be opened and closed with certain logic, and the back electromotive force zero-crossing detection is carried out to detect the position of a motor, so that the motor rotates forwards and backwards, brakes and adjusts the speed. The resistor connected in series on the motor is isolated, amplified and connected to the pin of the mcu through the AMC1200 module, and the digital tube display circuit can display the resistor. The voltage measured by the motor in series is compared with the comparator to generate a corresponding signal, so that the driving module is started or closed. The power interface is connected with the undervoltage protection circuit and the reverse connection prevention circuit, and the circuit can be automatically cut off when undervoltage or reverse connection occurs.
In the description herein, references to the description of "one embodiment," "an example," "a specific example" or the like are intended to mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
The preferred embodiments of the invention disclosed above are intended to be illustrative only. The preferred embodiments are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise embodiments disclosed. Obviously, many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and the practical application, to thereby enable others skilled in the art to best understand the invention for and utilize the invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims (1)

1. The direct current brushless motor drive board with the protection function is characterized by comprising a nixie tube display circuit, an LED circuit, a six-arm full-bridge drive circuit, an undervoltage protection and reverse connection prevention circuit, an ADC voltage acquisition circuit, an optocoupler isolation module, a 12 v-to-5 v circuit and a back electromotive force zero-crossing detection circuit;
the nixie tube display circuit adopts two 74HC595S16 cascades;
the LED circuit is used for carrying out 12V power-on prompt, 5V voltage power-on prompt and undervoltage prompt;
the six-arm full-bridge driving circuit is characterized in that a single chip microcomputer inputs PWM signals through a PWM interface, an IR2104 module is driven to emit the PWM signals, an upper arm mos tube and a lower arm mos tube are respectively opened and closed and cannot be opened simultaneously to form interlocking, two phases in three phases of a motor are respectively electrified in sequence through a program, the direction of a continuous magnetic field is continuously changed along with the electrifying sequence, a rotor rotates along the direction of the magnetic field, and the speed can be adjusted through the duty ratio of PWM waves;
the under-voltage protection and reverse connection prevention circuit has a reverse connection prevention function, a grid electrode is connected to a high level through an Nmos tube, so that an NMOS is conducted, if reverse connection occurs, UGS is 0, and the Nmos cannot be conducted, and the reverse connection prevention circuit is formed; the voltage comparator outputs a low level if the input voltage is larger than the reference voltage Pmos transistor, so that the triode is connected with a power supply through a resistor, the Pmos transistor is closed, the lower Nmos transistor is closed, the reference voltage is raised, and the Pmos transistor is prevented from being repeatedly opened and closed under a critical condition;
the ADC voltage acquisition circuit acquires signals through an AMC1200 isolation operational amplifier, and isolates and amplifies the signals;
the optical coupling isolation module (6) isolates an input signal through a 6N137(S) (T1) high-speed optical coupling reasonable module to prevent burning;
the 12V-to-5V circuit converts 12V voltage into 5V voltage through a 1117-5V LDO voltage regulator circuit;
the counter electromotive force zero-crossing detection circuit compares 3 voltages of the 3-phase end points with the midpoint voltage, performs zero-crossing detection, is received by the single chip microcomputer, and sends a signal.
CN202210648777.3A 2022-06-09 2022-06-09 DC brushless motor driving board with protection function Active CN115037193B (en)

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Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104201652A (en) * 2014-09-10 2014-12-10 广州金升阳科技有限公司 Power protection control method
CN205429707U (en) * 2016-03-30 2016-08-03 常熟理工学院 Little consumption wide region battery under voltage warning circuit
CN108565839A (en) * 2018-03-08 2018-09-21 精进电动科技股份有限公司 A kind of IGBT drive circuit and electric machine controller of electric machine controller
CN111106596A (en) * 2019-12-13 2020-05-05 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 Upper bridge arm IGBT driving power supply under-voltage protection circuit, control method and motor driver
CN211127631U (en) * 2019-12-23 2020-07-28 聊城鑫泰机床有限公司 Robot direct-current brushless servo motor driving and protecting circuit
WO2021164636A1 (en) * 2020-02-20 2021-08-26 博世汽车部件(苏州)有限公司 Undervoltage protection device and method
CN214315109U (en) * 2021-03-05 2021-09-28 常州东本驱动技术有限公司 Brushless direct current motor based on control without position sensor
CN215186518U (en) * 2021-03-05 2021-12-14 常州东本驱动技术有限公司 Position-sensorless control system for brushless direct current motor
WO2022028009A1 (en) * 2020-08-04 2022-02-10 中国船舶科学研究中心 High-power driver for deep-sea motor

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WO2016037511A1 (en) * 2014-09-10 2016-03-17 广州金升阳科技有限公司 Power supply protection and control method
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CN108565839A (en) * 2018-03-08 2018-09-21 精进电动科技股份有限公司 A kind of IGBT drive circuit and electric machine controller of electric machine controller
CN111106596A (en) * 2019-12-13 2020-05-05 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 Upper bridge arm IGBT driving power supply under-voltage protection circuit, control method and motor driver
CN211127631U (en) * 2019-12-23 2020-07-28 聊城鑫泰机床有限公司 Robot direct-current brushless servo motor driving and protecting circuit
WO2021164636A1 (en) * 2020-02-20 2021-08-26 博世汽车部件(苏州)有限公司 Undervoltage protection device and method
WO2022028009A1 (en) * 2020-08-04 2022-02-10 中国船舶科学研究中心 High-power driver for deep-sea motor
CN214315109U (en) * 2021-03-05 2021-09-28 常州东本驱动技术有限公司 Brushless direct current motor based on control without position sensor
CN215186518U (en) * 2021-03-05 2021-12-14 常州东本驱动技术有限公司 Position-sensorless control system for brushless direct current motor

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