CN115032294A - 一种达肝素钠寡糖检测的新方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公布了一种达肝素钠寡糖检测的新方法，属于多组分生化原料药分析技术领域。目的在于利用较少的操作步骤及较简单的流动相分离达肝素钠中的四糖及六糖，用于达肝素钠的精细结构对比。开发出的方法包括如下几个步骤：（1）供试品溶液的制备、（2）分子排阻色谱分离、（3）样品浓缩、（4）阴离子交换‑高效液相色谱分离。本发明与现有分离方法相比，其优点在于：操作简单，分子排阻色谱法分离得到的寡糖纯度高；进一步采用阴离子交换‑高效液相色谱分离后，可以分离相同链长的不同寡糖。同时本方法既可用于达肝素寡糖链的分析，也可以用于其他低分子肝素寡糖链的分析。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种达肝素钠寡糖检测的方法，属于多组分生化原料药分析技术领域。
背景技术
达肝素钠是一种低分子肝素钠盐，临床主要用于预防静脉血栓栓塞性疾病（特别是与骨科或普外手术有关的血栓形成）、治疗已形成的深静脉栓塞（伴有或不伴有肺栓塞）、治疗不稳定性心绞痛及非Q波心肌梗死及用于血液透析体外循环中防治血栓形成。由于达肝素钠与肝素相比，发生血小板减少症风险更低、使用过程无需频繁监控等原因，临床应用越来越广泛。
达肝素钠是以健康猪小肠黏膜来源的肝素为原料，采用经对肝素进行亚硝酸解聚的方法制得。达肝素钠非还原端主要由2-O-硫-α-L-艾杜糖醛酸构成，还原端主要由6-O-硫-2,5-脱水-D-甘露醇组成。由于达肝素钠结构复杂，具有链长的多分散性、二糖单元及寡糖片段分布的多样性等原因，目前尚无法对所有达肝素钠的寡糖链进行定性。
随着人们对用药安全性要求及国家监管要求的提高，对达肝素钠精细结构的解析要求也越来越高。在仿制药研发及工艺改进过程中，为保证产品与参比制剂或已有工艺的一致性，均需对达肝素钠的精细结构进行对比，对比项目包括完整糖链、寡糖链（四糖、六糖等）、二糖结构单元等。
在对寡糖链进行对比时，则需先对达肝素钠的组分进行分离。目前对于达肝素钠中寡糖的分离方法主要包括高效液相色谱法及超滤法。其中，高效液相色谱法大多都需要使用离子对试剂，给后续纯化带来极大困难；超滤法则无法分离分子量接近的物质，因此均不适用于一般的分析检测。
本发明提出了一种分子排阻色谱法与阴离子交换-高效液相色谱法联用的方法，可用于分离达肝素钠酶解后的四糖、六糖等组分。同时，该方法可应用于肝素钠、那屈肝素钙、依诺肝素钠、汀肝素钠等品种，对上述品种的研发及上市后评价有极高的实用价值，同时对提高人民用药安全性等方面有长远的社会意义。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种分离达肝素钠寡糖的方法。
本发明的方法是通过采用分子排阻色谱与阴离子交换-高效液相色谱联合的方法分离达肝素钠寡糖，并用于不同样品的对比。
本发明测定方法如下步骤所示：
（1）供试品溶液的制备：取达肝素钠，用水溶解后，用肝素酶I酶解。
（2）分子排阻色谱分离
色谱条件如下。仪器：AKTA；色谱柱：两根SuperdexTM Peptide 10/300 GL色谱柱串联；流动相：0.2 mol/L 碳酸氢铵；洗脱类型：等度洗脱；流速：0.4 ml/min；检测波长：232nm；上样量：200 μl；收集模式：按体积收集。
（3）样品浓缩：将步骤（2）中的样品真空离心浓缩。
（4）阴离子交换-高效液相色谱分离
色谱条件如下。色谱柱：Waters Spherisorb S5 SAX（4.0×250mm）；流速：0.45ml/min；柱温：35 ℃；检测波长：234 nm；进样体积：20 μl；流动相A：磷酸二氢钠溶液；流动相B：磷酸二氢钠-高氯酸钠溶液；洗脱类型：梯度洗脱。
流动相梯度：
本发明与现有分离方法相比，其优点在于：操作简单，分子排阻色谱法分离得到的寡糖纯度高；进一步采用阴离子交换-高效液相色谱分离后，可以分离相同链长的不同寡糖。同时本方法既可用于达肝素寡糖链的分析，也可以用于其他低分子肝素寡糖链的分析。
附图说明
图1为本发明实例中四糖分离色谱图
图2为本发明实例中六糖分离色谱图
图3为本发明实例中不同批次间样品四糖对比图
图4为本发明实例中不同批次间样品六糖对比图。
具体实施方式
通过以下具体实施例对本发明作进一步的说明，但不作为本发明的限制。
溶液配制
达肝素钠溶液：称取达肝素钠25mg，加水1ml溶解，混匀。取适量，用肝素酶I酶解。
0.2 mol/L 碳酸氢铵溶液：称取碳酸氢铵15.8g，加水1000ml溶解，混匀，即得。
磷酸二氢钠溶液：称取磷酸二氢钠40mg，加水1000ml溶解，用磷酸调节pH值至3.0，混匀，即得。
磷酸二氢钠-高氯酸钠溶液：称取磷酸二氢钠40mg、高氯酸钠140g，加水1000ml溶解，用磷酸调节pH值至3.0，混匀，即得。
从达肝素钠中收集混合四糖组分及混合六糖组分
取达肝素钠溶液，用分子排阻色谱法分离：色谱柱为两根SuperdexTM Peptide10/300 GL色谱柱串联，流动相为0.2 mol/L碳酸氢铵，流速为0.4 ml/min。收集混合四糖组分及混合六糖组分，真空离心浓缩至干。
四糖及六糖的分离
取浓缩后的混合四糖组分及混合六糖组分，加水溶解后，用阴离子交换-高效液相色谱法分离：色谱柱为Waters Spherisorb S5 SAX（4.0×250mm），流速为0.45 ml/min，柱温为35 ℃，检测波长为234 nm。流动相A为磷酸二氢钠溶液，流动相B为磷酸二氢钠-高氯酸钠溶液。
流动相梯度：
四糖及六糖分离色谱图分别见附图1、附图2。由附图可见，采用该方法，四糖及六糖出峰时间及峰形不同，四糖混合组分中各个组分能够达到有效分离，六糖混合组分中各个组分也能达到有效分离。
样品间对比
将本发明的收集及检测方法用于不同批次间样品对比，四糖或六糖对比图见附图3及附图4。由附图可见，四糖色谱图中，两批样品在12.5分钟至25.0分钟色谱峰个数有差异；六糖色谱图中，12.5分钟至25.0分钟及37.5至50.0分钟色谱峰个数及峰形存在差异，尤其是37.5至50.0分钟，明显可见上面的色谱图中多2个色谱峰。该方法能够检测出不同批次样品的微小差异，尤其是六糖，不同批次样品色谱图中峰个数及峰形均有明显差异。
综上，经分子排阻色谱及阴离子交换-高效液相色谱联用法分离后，达肝素钠四糖及六糖中各个组分可以达到有效分离，分离度良好。检测不同批次样品时，样品间的差异非常明显，说明该方法可用于达肝素钠的精细结构解析。
Claims (4)
1.一种达肝素钠寡糖检测的方法，其特征在于，该检测方法包含如下步骤：
a、取达肝素钠，用水溶解后，用肝素酶I酶解；
b、采用分子排阻色谱分离出混合四糖组分及混合六糖组分；
c、将分离出的混合四糖组分及混合六糖组分采用真空离心浓缩；
d、采用阴离子交换-高效液相色谱法分离浓缩后的混合四糖组分及混合六糖组分，以用于结构对比。
2.根据权利要求1所述方法，其特征在于，步骤c中，所述色谱条件如下：
仪器：AKTA；色谱柱：两根SuperdexTM Peptide 10/300 GL色谱柱串联；流动相：0.2mol/L 碳酸氢铵；洗脱类型：等度洗脱；流速：0.4 ml/min；检测波长：232 nm；上样量：200 μl；收集模式：按体积收集。
3.根据权利要求1所述方法，其特征在于，步骤d中，所述色谱条件如下：
仪器：高效液相色谱仪；色谱柱：Waters Spherisorb S5 SAX（4.0×250mm）；流速：0.45ml/min；柱温：35 ℃；检测波长：234 nm；进样体积：20 μl；流动相A：磷酸二氢钠溶液；流动相B：磷酸二氢钠-高氯酸钠溶液；洗脱类型：梯度洗脱。
4.根据权利要求1所述方法，其特征在于，步骤d中，所述梯度洗脱过程如下：
。
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