CN115031496A - Vacuum drying method of star anise - Google Patents
Vacuum drying method of star anise Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN115031496A CN115031496A CN202210617815.9A CN202210617815A CN115031496A CN 115031496 A CN115031496 A CN 115031496A CN 202210617815 A CN202210617815 A CN 202210617815A CN 115031496 A CN115031496 A CN 115031496A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- drying
- vacuum drying
- aniseed
- star anise
- dried
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B5/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat
- F26B5/04—Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat by evaporation or sublimation of moisture under reduced pressure, e.g. in a vacuum
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B23/00—Heating arrangements
- F26B23/04—Heating arrangements using electric heating
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B25/00—Details of general application not covered by group F26B21/00 or F26B23/00
- F26B25/001—Handling, e.g. loading or unloading arrangements
- F26B25/002—Handling, e.g. loading or unloading arrangements for bulk goods
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/85—Food storage or conservation, e.g. cooling or drying
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a vacuum drying method of aniseed, belonging to the technical field of aniseed processing and mainly solving the problems that the existing aniseed is not dried timely, the requirement on environmental conditions is high and the like, and the method comprises the following steps: (1) selecting materials: selecting fresh collected star anise, and removing impurities; (2) de-enzyming: placing the selected star anise in water for enzyme deactivation; (3) pre-drying: spreading the de-enzymed aniseed on a tray, and air-drying in a shady and ventilated place for pre-drying; (4) and (3) vacuum drying: placing the pre-dried fructus Anisi Stellati on a special rack of a vacuum drying oven paved with gauze, placing in the vacuum drying oven, and drying at 66666 deg.C under-6.666-6.66 MPa; (6) packaging: and (5) packaging the dried star anises and putting the star anises into a warehouse. The vacuum drying method of the star anise disclosed by the invention does not need to be exposed to the sun, can quickly dry the star anise in any weather, and solves the problem that the appearance and the edible safety are influenced due to the fact that the star anise is mildewed and goes bad when not dried in time.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of processing of star anises, in particular to a vacuum drying method of star anises.
Background
Fructus Anisi Stellati is a plant of Magnoliaceae and Illicium, and is mainly produced in the west and south of Guangxi province in China. The aniseed is a famous seasoning spice, has fragrant and sweet taste, is a common seasoning for making stewed and braised dishes, and is also a main raw material for processing the five-spice powder. The aromatic oil contained in star anise, star anise oil, is an important raw material for making cosmetics, sweet wine, beer and food industry. Meanwhile, the aniseed is also used for medicine, has the functions of dispelling wind, regulating qi, harmonizing stomach and regulating middle warmer, and is used for middle-cold vomiting, abdominal cold pain, stomach swelling and stuffiness and the like. The star anise and the fennel oil are important export materials except for domestic use, and the star anise in China accounts for more than 66% of the world market.
The harvested star anise fruits contain water, are easy to mildew, deteriorate and rot and need to be dried in time, but for a long time, the Chinese star anise dried fruit processing industry continues to attack the modes of farmer dispersion and workshop processing, and mainly adopts the traditional technologies of direct sun drying, green removing and sun drying, firewood drying, simple oven drying and the like, and the mechanical equipment processing technology is immature. The method for drying the dried fruits by deactivating enzymes has the advantages of low production cost, good color and luster of the dried fruits and the like, is a drying processing method commonly used in the current anise industry, and has the defects of excessive dependence on conditions such as weather, manpower, large-scale sunning grounds and the like, high labor intensity, long treatment period, 4-6 days required when the weather is good, easily encountered rainy days when the harvesting period of the anises is 3-4 months and 9-16 months, and easily caused mildewing and deterioration of the anises if the fruits are not dried in time, thereby affecting the appearance and the edible safety.
The existing vacuum drying method mainly combines a vacuum drying oven with an electric heating device under the sun, the method is easily influenced by weather, the vacuumizing frequency is high, the labor intensity is high, the labor cost is high, part of farmers use a sulfur smoking method to inhibit the mildew of the star anise, the star anise is convenient to store, a large amount of sulfides are remained in the star anise subjected to sulfur smoking, the hidden danger of food safety is brought while the quality of the star anise is influenced, and the star anise can be dried quickly and safely in any weather.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a vacuum drying method of aniseed, which can rapidly dry the aniseed in any weather without exposure to the sun and solve the problem that the aniseed is not dried in time, so that the aniseed becomes mildewed and goes bad to influence the appearance and the edible safety.
The technical scheme for realizing the purpose of the invention is as follows: a vacuum drying method of aniseed comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting materials: selecting fresh collected star anise, and removing impurities;
(2) de-enzyming: placing the selected star anise in water for enzyme deactivation;
(3) pre-drying: pre-drying the de-enzymed star anise;
(4) and (3) vacuum drying: drying the pre-dried star anise in a vacuum drying oven at 66666 ℃ and-6.666-6.66 MPa;
(6) packaging: and (5) bagging and warehousing the dried star anises.
Preferably, in the step (1), the aniseed with eight petals and uniform shapes and sizes is selected, and impurities on the surfaces of the aniseed are removed.
Preferably, in the step (2), the temperature of the water is 766166 ℃, and the fixation time is 164 min.
Preferably, the temperature of the water is 66 ℃, and the enzyme deactivation time is 3 min.
Preferably, in the step (3), the star anise is flatly laid on a tray and placed in a cool and ventilated place for pre-drying, and the pre-drying time is 6616 h.
Preferably, in the step (4), the star anise after being pre-dried is placed on a special rack of a vacuum drying oven paved with gauze, and is placed in the vacuum drying oven, wherein the drying temperature is 76 ℃, and the vacuum degree is-6.66 MPa.
Preferably, in the step (4), the vacuum is released every 366h, and the moisture in the drying oven is cleaned.
Preferably, the total drying time of the vacuum drying is 16626 h.
Advantageous effects
1. The method provided by the invention can rapidly dry the star anise in any weather without exposure to the sun, and solves the problems that the star anise is concentrated in harvest period, is easily influenced by the weather and cannot be dried in time.
2. The invention adopts the electric heating vacuum drying oven for heating, has less vacuumizing times and less labor consumption in the whole drying process, and can solve the problem of high labor intensity of the existing octagonal vacuum drying method.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following specific examples.
Example 1
(1) Selecting materials: and (4) selecting the harvested fresh aniseed, and removing impurities on the aniseed.
(2) De-enzyming: placing the selected fructus Anisi Stellati in 76 deg.C boiled water for deactivating enzyme for 4 min.
(3) Pre-drying: and flatly paving the de-enzymed star anise on a tray with a thickness of one layer, air-drying the star anise in a shady and ventilated place for 16 hours, pre-drying, and air-drying the moisture on the surface of the star anise.
(4) And (3) vacuum drying: placing the pre-dried star anise on a special frame for a vacuum drying oven paved with gauze, placing the star anise into the vacuum drying oven, carrying out vacuum drying at the temperature of 66 ℃ and the vacuum degree of-6.66 MPa, discharging primary vacuum after drying for 6 hours, cleaning the moisture in the drying oven, repeating the steps, and controlling the total drying time of vacuum drying to be 26 hours.
(6) Packaging: and bagging the dried star anise and putting the star anise in storage.
Example 2
(1) Selecting materials: and (4) selecting the harvested fresh aniseed, and removing impurities on the aniseed.
(2) Deactivating enzyme: placing the selected fructus Anisi Stellati in boiled water of 66 deg.C for deactivating enzyme for 3 min.
(3) Pre-drying: and flatly paving the de-enzymed star anise on a tray with a thickness of one layer, air-drying the star anise in a shady and ventilated place for 6 hours, pre-drying, and air-drying the moisture on the surface of the star anise.
(4) And (3) vacuum drying: placing the pre-dried star anise on a special frame of a vacuum drying oven paved with gauze, placing the star anise into the vacuum drying oven, carrying out vacuum drying at the temperature of 76 ℃ and the vacuum degree of-6.66 MPa, discharging vacuum once after drying for 4 hours, cleaning the moisture in the drying oven, repeating the steps, and controlling the total drying time of vacuum drying to be 16 hours.
(6) Packaging: and bagging the dried star anise and putting the star anise in storage.
Example 3
(1) Selecting materials: and (4) selecting the harvested fresh aniseed, and removing impurities on the aniseed.
(2) Deactivating enzyme: placing the selected fructus Anisi Stellati in 96 deg.C boiled water for deactivating enzyme for 2 min.
(3) Pre-drying: and flatly paving the de-enzymed star anise on a tray with a thickness of one layer, air-drying the star anise in a shady and ventilated place for 6 hours, pre-drying, and air-drying the moisture on the surface of the star anise.
(4) And (3) vacuum drying: placing the pre-dried star anise on a special frame for a vacuum drying oven paved with gauze, placing the star anise into the vacuum drying oven, carrying out vacuum drying at the temperature of 76 ℃ and the vacuum degree of-6.67 MPa, discharging primary vacuum after drying for 3 hours, cleaning the moisture in the drying oven, repeating the steps, and controlling the total drying time of vacuum drying to be 16 hours.
(6) Packaging: and bagging the dried star anise and putting the star anise in storage.
Example 4
(1) Selecting materials: and (4) selecting the harvested fresh aniseed, and removing impurities on the aniseed.
(2) Deactivating enzyme: placing the selected fructus Anisi Stellati in 166 deg.C boiled water for deactivating enzyme for 1 min.
(3) Pre-drying: spreading the de-enzymed fructus Anisi Stellati on a tray with a thickness of one layer, air drying in a shady and ventilated place for 16h, pre-drying, and air drying the water on the surface of fructus Anisi Stellati.
(4) And (3) vacuum drying: placing the pre-dried star anise on a special frame of a vacuum drying oven paved with gauze, placing the star anise into the vacuum drying oven, carrying out vacuum drying at the temperature of 66 ℃ and the vacuum degree of-6.66 MPa, discharging vacuum once after drying for 6 hours, cleaning the moisture in the drying oven, repeating the steps, and controlling the total drying time of vacuum drying to be 16 hours.
(6) Packaging: and bagging the dried star anise and putting the star anise in storage.
Example 6
(1) Selecting materials: and (4) selecting the harvested fresh aniseed, and removing impurities on the aniseed.
(2) De-enzyming: placing the selected fructus Anisi Stellati in 166 deg.C boiled water for deactivating enzyme for 2 min.
(3) Pre-drying: spreading the de-enzymed fructus Anisi Stellati on a tray with a thickness of one layer, air drying in shade and ventilated place for 6 hr, pre-drying, and air drying to remove water on the surface of fructus Anisi Stellati.
(4) And (3) vacuum drying: placing the pre-dried star anise on a special frame for a vacuum drying oven paved with gauze, placing the star anise into the vacuum drying oven, carrying out vacuum drying at the temperature of 76 ℃ and the vacuum degree of-6.67 MPa, discharging primary vacuum after drying for 4 hours, cleaning the moisture in the drying oven, repeating the steps, and controlling the total drying time of vacuum drying to be 16 hours.
(6) And (3) packaging: and bagging the dried star anise and putting the star anise in storage.
Example 6
(1) Selecting materials: and (4) selecting the harvested fresh aniseed, and removing impurities on the aniseed.
(2) De-enzyming: placing the selected fructus Anisi Stellati in 166 deg.C boiled water for deactivating enzyme for 3 min.
(3) Pre-drying: spreading the de-enzymed fructus Anisi Stellati on a tray with a thickness of one layer, air drying in a shady and ventilated place for 16h, pre-drying, and air drying the water on the surface of the fructus Anisi Stellati.
(4) And (3) vacuum drying: placing the pre-dried star anise on a special frame for a vacuum drying oven paved with gauze, placing the star anise into the vacuum drying oven, carrying out vacuum drying at the temperature of 76 ℃ and the vacuum degree of-6.66 MPa, discharging primary vacuum after drying for 3h, cleaning the moisture in the drying oven, repeating the steps, and controlling the total drying time of vacuum drying to be 16 h.
(6) Packaging: and bagging the dried aniseed and putting the aniseed in storage.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that it is obvious to those skilled in the art that several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the structure of the present invention, which will not affect the effect and practicality of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A vacuum drying method of star anise is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) selecting materials: selecting fresh collected star anise, and removing impurities;
(2) de-enzyming: placing the selected star anise in water for enzyme deactivation;
(3) pre-drying: pre-drying the de-enzymed star anise;
(4) and (3) vacuum drying: drying the pre-dried star anise in a vacuum drying oven at 66666 ℃ and-6.666-6.66 MPa;
(6) packaging: and (5) packaging the dried star anises and putting the star anises into a warehouse.
2. The method for vacuum drying aniseed as set forth in claim 1, wherein in the step (1), aniseed having eight petals and uniform shape and size is selected to remove impurities on the surface of the aniseed.
3. The vacuum drying method of aniseed as set forth in claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the temperature of water is 766166 ℃ and the time of deactivation of enzymes is 164 min.
4. The vacuum drying method of aniseed as set forth in claim 3, wherein the temperature of water is 66 ℃ and the time of deactivation of enzymes is 3 min.
5. The method for vacuum drying anises as set forth in claim 1, wherein in the step (3), the anises are spread on a tray and placed in a shady and ventilated place for pre-drying, and the pre-drying time is 6616 h.
6. The method for vacuum drying aniseed as set forth in claim 1, wherein in the step (4), the aniseed after being pre-dried is placed on a special shelf of a vacuum drying oven with gauze, and is placed in the vacuum drying oven, wherein the drying temperature is 76 ℃ and the vacuum degree is-6.66 MPa.
7. The method for vacuum drying aniseed as set forth in claim 1, wherein in the step (4), the vacuum is released every 366 hours, and the water in the drying oven is cleaned.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein the total drying time is 16626 h.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210617815.9A CN115031496A (en) | 2022-06-01 | 2022-06-01 | Vacuum drying method of star anise |
| CN202410371209.2A CN118049828A (en) | 2022-06-01 | 2022-06-01 | Vacuum drying method for star anise |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210617815.9A CN115031496A (en) | 2022-06-01 | 2022-06-01 | Vacuum drying method of star anise |
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| CN202410371209.2A Division CN118049828A (en) | 2022-06-01 | 2022-06-01 | Vacuum drying method for star anise |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN115031496A true CN115031496A (en) | 2022-09-09 |
| CN115031496A9 CN115031496A9 (en) | 2023-06-20 |
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| CN202410371209.2A Pending CN118049828A (en) | 2022-06-01 | 2022-06-01 | Vacuum drying method for star anise |
| CN202210617815.9A Pending CN115031496A (en) | 2022-06-01 | 2022-06-01 | Vacuum drying method of star anise |
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Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1216689A (en) * | 1998-08-20 | 1999-05-19 | 施昆佐 | Method for killing out aniseed |
| CN104172076A (en) * | 2014-08-20 | 2014-12-03 | 黄振忠 | Fresh anise fruit processing method |
| CN105004148A (en) * | 2015-08-31 | 2015-10-28 | 广西立派投资有限公司 | Drying method for star anise |
| CN104996958A (en) * | 2015-08-31 | 2015-10-28 | 广西立派投资有限公司 | De-enzyming method for star anise |
| CA3131341A1 (en) * | 2019-03-25 | 2020-10-01 | Charles Pershing Beetz | Spray-dried powders |
| CN112539638A (en) * | 2020-12-22 | 2021-03-23 | 广西南宁墨子新能源有限公司 | Anise drying and cell sap extraction equipment and process |
-
2022
- 2022-06-01 CN CN202410371209.2A patent/CN118049828A/en active Pending
- 2022-06-01 CN CN202210617815.9A patent/CN115031496A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1216689A (en) * | 1998-08-20 | 1999-05-19 | 施昆佐 | Method for killing out aniseed |
| CN104172076A (en) * | 2014-08-20 | 2014-12-03 | 黄振忠 | Fresh anise fruit processing method |
| CN105004148A (en) * | 2015-08-31 | 2015-10-28 | 广西立派投资有限公司 | Drying method for star anise |
| CN104996958A (en) * | 2015-08-31 | 2015-10-28 | 广西立派投资有限公司 | De-enzyming method for star anise |
| CA3131341A1 (en) * | 2019-03-25 | 2020-10-01 | Charles Pershing Beetz | Spray-dried powders |
| CN113873898A (en) * | 2019-03-25 | 2021-12-31 | 祖姆森斯有限公司 | Spray-dried powder |
| CN112539638A (en) * | 2020-12-22 | 2021-03-23 | 广西南宁墨子新能源有限公司 | Anise drying and cell sap extraction equipment and process |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN118049828A (en) | 2024-05-17 |
| CN115031496A9 (en) | 2023-06-20 |
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