CN115030589A - viscous-SMA friction composite damper capable of being restored in stages - Google Patents
viscous-SMA friction composite damper capable of being restored in stages Download PDFInfo
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- CN115030589A CN115030589A CN202210648511.9A CN202210648511A CN115030589A CN 115030589 A CN115030589 A CN 115030589A CN 202210648511 A CN202210648511 A CN 202210648511A CN 115030589 A CN115030589 A CN 115030589A
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- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 230000021715 photosynthesis, light harvesting Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 229910001285 shape-memory alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000002783 friction material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000017105 transposition Effects 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H9/00—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate
- E04H9/02—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate withstanding earthquake or sinking of ground
- E04H9/021—Bearing, supporting or connecting constructions specially adapted for such buildings
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/92—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers
- E04B1/98—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers against vibrations or shocks; against mechanical destruction, e.g. by air-raids
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H9/00—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate
- E04H9/02—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate withstanding earthquake or sinking of ground
- E04H9/021—Bearing, supporting or connecting constructions specially adapted for such buildings
- E04H9/0237—Structural braces with damping devices
Abstract
The invention discloses a viscous-SMA friction composite damper capable of being restored in stages, which is formed by splicing two vertically symmetrical structures, wherein each of the two structures consists of a top end plate, a bottom end plate, a side end plate, an end plate stiffening rib, a shape memory alloy, a clamping block, a friction damper and a viscous fluid damper. The two structures are connected by a spring, and the friction damper is recovered by using the SMA so as to fulfill the aim of recovering the damping energy consumption by stages; the invention uses the spring between the viscous damper and the friction damper to transmit force under the action of vertical force to realize the purpose of staged energy dissipation and shock absorption of the damper, and overcomes the characteristic of single shock absorption mode of the traditional damper.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of damping control of engineering structures, and particularly relates to a viscous-SMA friction composite damper capable of being restored in stages.
Background
The viscous fluid damper sucks viscous fluid in a pressure oil cavity through reciprocating motion of a piston in the damper, so that the fluid passes through small holes in the piston at a high speed to generate damping and consume energy, and the viscous fluid damper has certain restorability.
The friction damper is a control device for dissipating vibration energy by using friction energy dissipation, is not only slightly influenced by temperature, but also has simple structure, convenient installation and good energy dissipation performance, and is one of the most commonly used energy dissipation and shock absorption devices in engineering. The traditional friction damper has no self-resetting capability, and the structure is inevitably subjected to plastic deformation after the damping and energy dissipation effects are exerted, so that the good energy dissipation and vibration reduction performance is difficult to keep in the design service life.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects of the prior art and provides a stepwise recoverable viscous-SMA friction composite damper, which can realize the stepwise use of a viscous damper friction damper, can provide energy consumption if necessary under the condition of certain recoverability, ensures the function of the damper by a viscous fluid damper when in small displacement, and provides energy consumption by adding the friction damper under the conditions of medium and large earthquakes together, thereby solving the problems that the viscous damper has insufficient energy consumption capacity under the condition of large earthquakes and the traditional friction damper cannot be recovered after being used, and ensuring the safety and the reliability of a building and the durability of the damper to a certain extent.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:
the viscous-SMA friction composite damper capable of being restored in stages comprises a top end plate, a bottom end plate, a middle end plate, side end plates, a first damping unit, a second damping unit and a resetting unit, wherein the top end plate is arranged above the bottom end plate, the middle end plate is arranged in the middle of the top end plate and the bottom end plate, the upper end and the lower end of each side end plate are fixedly connected with the top end plate and the bottom end plate respectively, the middle end plate is fixedly connected with the side end plates, the top end plate, the bottom end plate and the middle end plate are parallel to each other, the first damping unit is arranged in a cavity among the top end plate, the middle end plate and the side end plates, and the second damping unit is arranged in a cavity among the middle end plate, the bottom end plate and the side end plates;
the first damping unit and the second damping unit are identical in structure and are in mirror symmetry with respect to the middle end plate up and down, the first damping unit comprises an upper first end plate, an upper second end plate, a viscous fluid damper and a friction energy dissipation assembly, the upper first end plate and the upper second end plate are arranged between the top end plate and the middle end plate in parallel, two ends of the upper first end plate are fixedly connected with side end plates on two sides, the upper end of the viscous fluid damper is fixedly connected with the upper first end plate, a first guide rod of the viscous fluid damper penetrates through the upper first end plate and the top end plate, the lower end of the first guide rod is opposite to a second guide rod, and a preset distance is reserved between the first guide rod and the second guide rod; the lower end of the second guide rod is connected with an upper second end plate, the lower end of the viscous fluid damper shell is fixedly connected with a viscous damper cover plate, a preset distance is reserved between the viscous damper cover plate and the upper second end plate, the lower end of the viscous damper cover plate is symmetrically and fixedly and vertically connected with a first side baffle and a second side baffle about the axis of the viscous fluid damper, the first side baffle and the second side baffle vertically penetrate through the upper second end plate, the middle end plate and a lower second end plate of the second damping unit and are fixedly connected with the viscous damper cover plate of the second damping unit, the upper second end plate and the lower second end plate can vertically move relative to the first side baffle and the second side baffle, the lower second end plate is an end plate symmetrical to the upper second end plate, and the viscous damper cover plate of the second damping unit is a cover plate symmetrical to the viscous damper cover plate;
the resetting units are symmetrically arranged between the first damping unit and the second damping unit about the axis of the viscous fluid damper, penetrate through the upper second end plate, the middle end plate and the lower second end plate, are fixedly connected with the middle end plate, are slidably connected with the upper second end plate and the lower second end plate, and can apply an upward force to the upper second end plate and apply a downward force to the lower second end plate;
and the friction energy dissipation assembly is symmetrically arranged between the upper first end plate and the upper second end plate relative to the axis of the viscous fluid damper, and the upper end and the lower end of the friction energy dissipation assembly are fixedly connected with the upper first end plate and the upper second end plate respectively.
Preferably, in the viscous fluid damper, a viscous fluid cavity is arranged on the upper part of an inner cavity of the housing, a guide hole is formed in the lower part of the inner cavity of the housing, the first guide rod penetrates through the viscous fluid cavity, a piston matched with the viscous fluid cavity is arranged on the part, located in the viscous fluid cavity, of the first guide rod, a damping hole is formed in the piston, viscous fluid is filled in the viscous fluid cavity, the lower end of the first guide rod extends into the upper end of the guide hole, the upper end of the second guide rod is inserted into the guide hole from the upper end inserted into the guide hole, the second guide rod can freely slide along the guide hole, a preset distance is reserved between the upper end of the second guide rod and the lower end of the first guide rod, and the lower end of the second guide rod extends out of the lower end of the guide hole.
Preferably, the lower end of the second guide rod is connected with the upper second end plate through a force transmission spring.
Preferably, the reset unit adopts an SMA guide rail, the SMA guide rail comprises a guide groove structure and a spring, the middle part of the guide groove structure is fixedly connected with the middle end plate in a vertical manner, the upper end and the lower end of the guide groove structure respectively penetrate through the upper second end plate and the lower second end plate, the guide groove is structurally formed in the guide groove, the spring is arranged in the guide groove, the upper second end plate and the lower second end plate are respectively connected with the upper end and the lower end of the spring, and the guide groove structure can slide relative to the upper second end plate and the lower second end plate.
Preferably, the guide groove structure is fixedly installed on the first side baffle and the second side baffle.
Preferably, the friction energy dissipation assembly comprises N first friction energy dissipation plates and N-1 second friction energy dissipation plates, the N first friction energy dissipation plates are spaced and arranged in parallel, the N-1 second friction energy dissipation plates are respectively inserted into the spaces between the N first friction energy dissipation plates, and the surfaces of the adjacent first friction energy dissipation plates and second friction energy dissipation plates are attached to each other;
the upper ends of the N first friction energy consumption plates are vertically and fixedly connected with the upper first end plate, a preset distance is reserved between the lower ends of the N first friction energy consumption plates and the upper second end plate, the lower ends of the N-1 second friction energy consumption plates are vertically and fixedly connected with the upper second end plate, and a preset distance is reserved between the upper ends of the N-1 second friction energy consumption plates and the upper first end plate;
or the lower ends of the N first friction energy consumption plates are vertically and fixedly connected with the upper second end plate, a preset distance is reserved between the upper ends of the N first friction energy consumption plates and the upper first end plate, the upper ends of the N-1 second friction energy consumption plates are vertically and fixedly connected with the upper first end plate, and a preset distance is reserved between the lower ends of the N-1 second friction energy consumption plates and the upper second end plate.
Preferably, the first friction energy dissipation plate is fixedly connected with the upper first end plate or the upper second end plate through a bolt, and the second friction energy dissipation plate is fixedly connected with the upper first end plate or the upper second end plate through a bolt.
Preferably, the surface of the second friction energy dissipation plate is provided with a friction material.
Preferably, a plurality of shape memory alloy wires are connected between the upper first end plate and the upper second end plate, two ends of each shape memory alloy wire are fixedly connected with the upper first end plate and the upper second end plate respectively, and the shape memory alloy wires are uniformly distributed around the viscous fluid damper.
Preferably, the joints of the side end plates and the top end plate and the joints of the side end plates and the bottom end plate are provided with stiffening ribs.
The invention has the following remarkable advantages:
in the stage-by-stage recoverable viscous-SMA friction composite damper, a distance is reserved between a second guide rod and a first guide rod, so that only the viscous damper consumes energy at the initial stage of energy consumption, when the first guide rod is contacted with the second guide rod, pressure is continuously applied to the first guide rod, the second guide rod can push an upper second end plate to move towards a middle end plate, in the process, a reset unit applies force in the opposite direction to the upper second end plate, and a friction energy consumption component participates in energy consumption, so that the stage-by-stage recoverable viscous-SMA friction composite damper can consume energy by stage; after the force applied to the first guide rod from the outside is restored, the reset unit can drive the upper second end plate to reset, and the friction energy consumption assembly, the second guide rod and the reset unit reset simultaneously. In conclusion, the viscous damper can be used in stages, energy can be consumed if necessary under the condition of certain recoverability, the viscous fluid damper ensures the function of the damper under small displacement, the friction damper is added under the conditions of medium and large earthquakes to jointly supply energy consumption, the problems that the viscous damper is insufficient in energy consumption under the condition of large earthquakes and the traditional friction damper cannot be recovered after being used are solved, and the safety and the reliability of a building and the durability of the damper are ensured to a certain degree.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the upper half of a staged recoverable viscous-SMA friction composite damper of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the lower half part of the viscous-SMA friction composite damper capable of being restored in stages.
Fig. 3 is an overall structural view of the viscous-SMA friction composite damper recoverable by stages according to the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a side view of the inventive stage recoverable viscous-SMA friction composite damper.
Fig. 5 is a perspective cross-sectional view of a viscous fluid damper of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view of an SMA guide of the invention.
In the figure: 1-1 is a first guide rod, 1-2 is a second guide rod, 1-3 is a piston, 1-4 is a damping hole, 1-5 is viscous fluid, 1-6 is an oil cylinder, 1-7 is a shell, 1-7-1 is a viscous fluid cavity, 1-7-2 is a guide hole, 2 is a friction damper, 3 is a force transmission spring, 4-1 is a top end plate, 4-2 is a bottom end plate, 5 is a side end plate, 6 is a stiffening rib, 7 is an SMA guide rail, 7-1 is a guide groove structure, 7-1-1 is a guide groove, 7-2 is a spring, 8-1 is an upper first end plate, 8-2 is an upper second end plate, 8-3 is a lower second end plate, 8-4 is a lower first end plate, 9-1 is a first friction energy dissipation component, 9-11 is a first friction plate, 9-13 is a third friction plate, 9-15 is a fifth friction plate, 9-16 is a sixth friction plate, 9-18 is an eighth friction plate, 9-110 is a tenth friction plate, 9-2 is a third friction energy dissipation component, 9-21 is an eleventh friction plate, 9-23 is a thirteenth friction plate, 9-25 is a fifteenth friction plate, 9-26 is a sixteenth friction plate, 9-28 is an eighteenth friction plate, 9-210 is a twentieth friction plate, 10-1 is a second friction energy dissipation component, 10-12 is a twelfth friction plate, 10-14 is a fourteenth friction plate, 10-17 is a seventeenth friction plate, 10-19 is a nineteenth friction plate, 10-2 is a fourth friction energy dissipation component, 10-22 is a twenty second friction plate, 10-24 is a twenty fourth friction plate, the friction plate assembly comprises a twenty-seventh friction plate 10-27, a twenty-ninth friction plate 10-29, a viscous damper cover plate 11, a middle end plate 12, a friction plate connecting bolt 13, a reserved bolt hole 14, a side baffle plate 15, a clamping block 16 and a shape memory alloy wire 17.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the disclosure. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs.
Referring to fig. 1-6, the stage-wise recoverable viscous-SMA friction composite damper of the present invention is a symmetrical structure, an orientation shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3 being an example, wherein the entire stage-wise recoverable viscous-SMA friction composite damper of the present invention is mirror-symmetrical up and down with respect to the middle end plate 12, the top end plate 4-1 and the bottom end plate 4-2 are symmetrical up and down with respect to the middle end plate 12, the upper first end plate 8-1 and the lower first end plate 8-4 are symmetrical up and down with respect to the middle end plate 12, and the upper second end plate 8-2 and the lower second end plate 8-3 are symmetrical up and down with respect to the middle end plate 12; in the direction opposite to the paper surface, the whole staged recoverable viscous-SMA friction composite damper is in left-right mirror symmetry relative to the axis of the viscous fluid damper; the entire stage recoverable viscous-SMA friction composite damper of the present invention is also mirror image left-right about the axis of the viscous fluid damper, in the direction parallel to the page (referring to left or right views). The axis of the viscous fluid damper is the axis of the axes of the first guide rod 1-1 and the second guide rod 1-2.
Specifically, the staged recoverable viscous-SMA friction composite damper comprises a viscous component, a friction energy dissipation component, a top end plate 4-1, a bottom end plate 4-2, an upper first end plate 8-1, an upper second end plate 8-2, a lower second end plate 8-3, a lower first end plate 8-4, a clamping block 16, a middle end plate 12, a force transmission spring 3 and a shape memory alloy guide rail (namely the SMA rail 7), wherein the force transmission spring 3 is connected with the two structures of the damper; the top end plate 4-1, the bottom end plate 4-2, the upper first end plate 8-1, the upper second end plate 8-2, the lower second end plate 8-3, the lower first end plate 8-4 and the middle end plate 12 are arranged in parallel. The top end plate 4-1 is welded with the side end plate 5, and the side end plate 5 is provided with a stiffening rib 6 and is welded and fixed with the top end plate 4-1 and the bottom end plate 4-2.
The present invention is provided with two sets of identical viscous fluid dampers, one set between the top end plate 4-1 and the upper second end plate 8-2 and the other set between the lower second end plate 8-3 and the bottom end plate 4-2. The viscous components are respectively arranged through the upper first end plate 8-1 and the lower first end plate 8-4.
The viscous fluid damper is internally provided with two guide rods which are respectively a first guide rod 1-1 and a second guide rod 1-2, the first guide rod 1-1 is combined with a piston 1-3 of the viscous damper to form a part of the viscous damper, the second guide rod 1-2 is connected with a force transmission spring 3 to form a force transmission component, and the force transmission spring 3 is connected with an upper second end plate 8-2 and a lower second end plate 8-3.
As shown in fig. 5, in the viscous fluid damper, a viscous fluid chamber 1-7-1 is arranged at the upper part of an inner cavity of a shell 1-7, a guide hole 1-7-2 is arranged at the lower part of the inner cavity of the shell 1-7, a first guide rod 1-1 penetrates through the viscous fluid chamber 1-7-1, a piston 1-3 matched with the viscous fluid chamber 1-7-1 is arranged at the part of the first guide rod 1-1 positioned in the viscous fluid chamber 1-7-1, a damping hole 1-4 is arranged on the piston 1-3, viscous fluid 1-5 is filled in the viscous fluid chamber 1-7-1, the lower end of the first guide rod 1-1 extends into the upper end of the guide hole 1-7-2, the upper end of a second guide rod 1-2 is inserted into the guide hole 1-7-2 from the upper end inserted into the guide hole 1-7-2, the second guide rod 1-2 can freely slide along the guide hole 1-7-2, a preset distance is reserved between the upper end of the second guide rod 1-2 and the lower end of the first guide rod 1-1, the lower end of the second guide rod 1-2 extends out of the lower end of the guide hole 1-7-2, and the shell 1-7 is arranged in the middle of the friction energy consumption assembly; the upper end and the lower end of the shell 1-7 are fixedly connected by an upper first end plate 8-1, a lower first end plate 8-4 and a viscous damper cover plate 11, and viscous fluid 1-5 is filled in the viscous fluid cavity 1-7-1.
The second guide rod 1-2 of the viscous fluid damper penetrates through the viscous damper cover plate 11, and a leakage-proof material is laid on the penetrating section.
The invention is provided with two sets of same friction energy dissipation components which are respectively arranged between an upper first end plate 8-1 and an upper second end plate 8-2 and between a lower first end plate 8-4 and a lower second end plate 8-3.
The friction energy consumption assembly arranged between the upper first end plate 8-1 and the upper second end plate 8-2 comprises a first friction energy consumption assembly 9-1 and a second friction energy consumption assembly 10-1, and the first friction energy consumption assembly comprises a first friction plate 9-11, a third friction plate 9-13, a fifth friction plate 9-15, a sixth friction plate 9-16, an eighth friction plate 9-18 and a tenth friction plate 9-110; the second friction energy consumption assembly 10-1 comprises a twelfth friction plate 10-12, a fourteenth friction plate 10-14, a seventeenth friction plate 10-17 and a nineteenth friction plate 10-19. The first friction plate 9-11, the third friction plate 9-13 and the fifth friction plate 9-15 are vertically and fixedly connected with the upper first end plate 8-1; the twelfth friction plate 10-12 and the fourteenth friction plate 10-14 are vertically and fixedly connected with the upper second end plate 8-2; the first friction plate 9-11 and the third friction plate 9-13 are jointed with the twelfth friction plate 10-12; the third friction plate 9-13 and the fifth friction plate 9-15 are jointed with the fourteenth friction plate 10-14; the sixth friction plate 9-16 and the eighth friction plate 9-18 are jointed with the seventeenth friction plate 10-17; the eighth friction plate 9-18 and the tenth friction plate 9-110 are attached to the nineteenth friction plate 10-19.
The friction energy consumption components arranged between the lower first end plate 8-4 and the lower second end plate 8-3 comprise a third friction energy consumption component 9-2 and a fourth friction energy consumption component 10-2, and the third friction energy consumption component comprises an eleventh friction plate 9-21, a thirteenth friction plate 9-23, a fifteenth friction plate 9-25, a sixteenth friction plate 9-26, an eighteenth friction plate 9-28 and a twentieth friction plate 9-210; the fourth friction energy consumption assembly 10-2 comprises a twenty-second friction plate 10-22, a twenty-fourth friction plate 10-24, a twenty-seventh friction plate 10-27 and a twenty-ninth friction plate 10-29. The eleventh friction plate 9-21, the thirteenth friction plate 9-23 and the fifteenth friction plate 9-25 are vertically and fixedly connected with the lower first end plate 8-4; the twenty-second friction plate 10-22 and the twenty-fourth friction plate 10-24 are vertically and fixedly connected with the lower second end plate 8-4; the eleventh friction plate 9-21 and the twenty-third friction plate 9-23 are jointed with the twenty-second friction plate 10-22; the thirteenth friction plate 9-23 and the fifteenth friction plate 9-25 are jointed with the twenty-fourth friction plate 10-24; the sixteenth friction plate 9-26 and the eightieth friction plate 9-28 are jointed with the twenty-seventh friction plate 10-27; the eighteenth friction plate 9-28 and the twentieth friction plate 9-210 are jointed with the twenty-ninth friction plate 10-29.
Friction materials are coated on a twelfth friction plate 10-12, a fourteenth friction plate 10-14, a seventy friction plate 10-17 and a nineteenth friction plate 10-19 in the second friction energy consumption assembly 10-1; the twenty-second friction plate 10-22, the twenty-fourth friction plate 10-24, the twenty-seventh friction plate 10-27 and the twenty-ninth friction plate 10-29 in the fourth friction energy dissipation assembly 10-2 are coated with friction materials.
The upper first end plate 8-1, the lower first end plate 8-4 and the middle end plate 12 are fixedly connected with the side end plates 5. The upper first end plate 8-1, the upper second end plate 8-2, the lower second end plate 8-3 and the lower first end plate 8-4 are provided with bolt holes for connection, and the bolt holes are used for implementing friction plate connection bolts. The friction damper first friction energy dissipation assembly 9-1 is connected with the upper first end plate 8-1 through a friction plate connecting bolt 13; the friction second assembly 10-1 is connected with the upper second end plate 8-2 through a friction plate connecting bolt 13; the third friction energy dissipation assembly (9-2) of the friction damper is connected with the lower first end plate 8-4 through a friction plate connecting bolt (13); the friction second assembly 10-2 is connected to the lower second end plate 8-3 by friction plate connecting bolts 13.
The SMA guide rail 7 comprises a guide groove structure 7-1 and a spring 7-2, the middle part of the guide groove structure 7-1 is vertically and fixedly welded with the middle end plate 12, the upper end and the lower end of the guide groove structure 7-1 respectively penetrate through the upper second end plate 8-2 and the lower second end plate 8-3, the guide groove 7-1-1 is formed in the guide groove structure 7-1, the spring 7-2 is arranged in the guide groove 7-1-1, the upper second end plate 8-2 and the lower second end plate 8-3 are respectively connected with the upper end and the lower end of the spring 7-2, and the guide groove structure 7-1 and the upper second end plate 8-2 as well as the lower second end plate 8-3 can slide relatively. The side baffle 15 is welded with the SMA guide rail 7 and is welded with the viscous damper cover plate 11. The upper second end plate 8-2 and the lower second end plate 8-3 can transmit stress and generate displacement through the SMA guide rail.
A plurality of shape memory alloy wires 17 are connected between the upper first end plate 8-1 and the upper second end plate 8-2, two ends of each shape memory alloy wire 17 are fixedly connected with the upper first end plate 8-1 and the upper second end plate 8-2 respectively, clamping blocks 16 are arranged on the first end plate 8-1 and the upper second end plate 8-2 respectively, the clamping blocks 16 are used for being connected with the shape memory alloy wires 17, the two ends of each shape memory alloy wire 17 are fixedly connected with the upper first end plate 8-1 and the upper second end plate 8-2 respectively, and the shape memory alloy wires 17 are uniformly distributed around the viscous fluid damper. The shape memory alloy is arranged between the upper end plates (8-1, 8-3) and the lower end plates (8-2, 8-4) to ensure the recoverability of the component after use. The first guide bar 1-1 penetrates the top end plate 4-1 or the bottom end plate 4-2. The second guide bar 1-2 penetrates the viscous damper cover plate 11 and is provided with a leakage prevention process. Gaps are reserved between the upper end plates (8-1 and 8-3) and the middle end plate (12) of the damper to ensure that a displacement space exists between the structures.
The invention discloses a staged recoverable viscous-SMA friction composite damper, which adopts a completely symmetrical structure of a central shaft of a middle end plate 12, and eight SMA guide rails 7 are welded on the upper part and the lower part of the middle end plate 12. The up-down structure of the stagewise recoverable viscous-SMA friction composite damper can also be used after up-down transposition.
According to the scheme, the viscous damper structure in the staged recoverable viscous-SMA friction composite damper resists resistance in advance, and when the stress reaches a certain value, the friction damper jointly acts to provide staged energy consumption and shock absorption capacity. In addition, the viscous damper is convenient to construct, can fully play the energy dissipation and shock absorption effects of the viscous damper under small displacement according to the design requirement, absorbs certain seismic energy, and can make up the problem of insufficient energy dissipation capability of the simple viscous damper under the action of large earthquake.
Further, the friction damper can provide a certain degree of structural rigidity before starting to slide, and can provide a greater degree of energy consumption capability after sliding; the friction energy dissipation assembly has certain recoverability due to the arrangement of the shape memory alloy, and the viscous assembly has the characteristics of no degradation after long-term use and long service life. The viscous-SMA friction composite damper provided by the invention provides a more excellent common energy consumption effect, simultaneously realizes the overall durability of the damping member, avoids the replacement of the integral member caused by partial damage, realizes the aims of shock absorption, energy consumption and buffering in stages, and ensures the safety of the structure in the whole life period.
The working principle of the stage-by-stage recoverable viscous-SMA friction composite damper is as follows:
after the installation is finished, the first guide rod 1-1 firstly bears load and starts to displace, at the moment, the viscous fluid damper starts to work due to displacement, the piston 1-3 starts to displace downwards in the viscous fluid 1-6, when a certain displacement degree is reached, the lower end of the first guide rod 1-1 is contacted with the second guide rod 1-2, the load is transferred to the second guide rod 1-2 and the force transmission spring 3 connected with the second guide rod 1-2, so far, the upper second end plate 8-2 or the lower second end plate 8-3 starts to displace due to bearing load and unfixed, and the second friction plate 10-1 or the fourth friction plate 10-2 connected with the upper second end plate 8-2 or the lower second end plate 8-3 generates displacement due to connection; meanwhile, in the process of displacement of the upper second end plate 8-2 or the lower second end plate 8-3, the spring in the SMA guide rail 7 gives reverse thrust to the plate connected with the SMA guide rail so that the SMA guide rail rebounds to achieve a recoverable function, and the shape memory metal has superelasticity, so that plastic deformation caused by displacement is avoided; the shape memory alloy wire 17 straightened and fixed by the clamping block 16 also generates a pulling force to return the end plate connected thereto to the original position due to the displacement of the upper second end plate 8-2 or the lower second end plate 8-3.
The viscous damper generates the damping effect in advance, and when the damping effect reaches a certain degree, the purpose of generating the damping effect in a friction mode and a viscous mode is achieved through the force transmission spring connected between the dampers. The two structures are connected by a spring, and the friction damper is recovered by using the SMA so as to fulfill the aim of recovering the damping energy consumption by stages; the invention uses the spring between the viscous damper and the friction damper to transmit force under the action of vertical force to realize the purpose of staged energy dissipation and shock absorption of the damper, and overcomes the characteristic of single shock absorption mode of the traditional damper.
The damper is manufactured by a factory, a structure of the top end plate is machined firstly, cushion blocks are placed between the side end plate structures according to reserved intervals to reserve component installation spaces, the end plates are welded at the designed positions to be connected with the side end plates, the cushion blocks are removed, the top end plate is welded, stiffening ribs are welded, and the damper is machined.
The drawings in the present specification are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure, which is to be understood as being modified by the skilled artisan, and various modifications and changes in the structure, proportion, and size may be made without departing from the scope of the present disclosure.
Claims (10)
1. The viscous-SMA friction composite damper capable of being restored in stages is characterized by comprising a top end plate (4-1), a bottom end plate (4-2), a middle end plate (12), a side end plate (5), a first damping unit, a second damping unit and a resetting unit, wherein the top end plate (4-1) is arranged above the bottom end plate (4-2), the middle end plate (12) is arranged in the middle of the top end plate (4-1) and the bottom end plate (4-2), the upper end and the lower end of the side end plate (5) are fixedly connected with the top end plate (4-1) and the bottom end plate (4-2) respectively, the middle end plate (12) is fixedly connected with the side end plate (5), the top end plate (4-1), the bottom end plate (4-2) and the middle end plate (12) are parallel to each other, the first damping unit is arranged on the top end plate (4-1), The second damping unit is arranged in a cavity between the middle end plate (12) and the side end plate (5), and the second damping unit is arranged in a cavity between the middle end plate (12), the bottom end plate (4-2) and the side end plate (5);
the first damping unit and the second damping unit are identical in structure and are in mirror symmetry with respect to the upper end plate and the lower end plate (12), the first damping unit comprises an upper first end plate (8-1), an upper second end plate (8-2), a viscous fluid damper and a friction energy dissipation assembly, the upper first end plate (8-1) and the upper second end plate (8-2) are arranged between the top end plate (4-1) and the middle end plate (12) in parallel, two ends of the upper first end plate (8-1) are fixedly connected with side end plates on two sides, the upper end of the viscous fluid damper is fixedly connected with the upper first end plate (8-1), a first guide rod (1-1) of the viscous fluid damper penetrates through the upper first end plate (8-1) and the top end plate (4-1), a second guide rod (1-2) is arranged at the lower end of the first guide rod (1-1), the first guide rod (1-1) and the second guide rod (1-2) are separated from each other by a preset distance; the lower end of a second guide rod (1-2) is connected with an upper second end plate (8-2), the lower end of a viscous fluid damper shell is fixedly connected with a viscous damper cover plate (11), a preset distance is reserved between the viscous damper cover plate (11) and the upper second end plate (8-2), the lower end of the viscous damper cover plate (11) is symmetrically and fixedly and vertically connected with a first side baffle plate and a second side baffle plate relative to the axis of the viscous fluid damper, the first side baffle plate and the second side baffle plate vertically penetrate through the upper second end plate (8-2), a middle end plate (12) and a lower second end plate (8-3) of a second damping unit and are fixedly connected with a viscous damper cover plate of the second damping unit, and the upper second end plate (8-2) and the lower second end plate (8-3) can vertically move relative to the first side baffle plate and the second side baffle plate, the lower second end plate (8-3) is an end plate symmetrical to the upper second end plate (8-2), and the viscous damper cover plate of the second damping unit is a cover plate symmetrical to the viscous damper cover plate (11);
reset units are symmetrically arranged between the first damping unit and the second damping unit relative to the axis of the viscous fluid damper, the reset units penetrate through the upper second end plate (8-2), the middle end plate (12) and the lower second end plate (8-3), the reset units are fixedly connected with the middle end plate (12), the reset units are slidably connected with the upper second end plate (8-2) and the lower second end plate (8-3), and the reset units can apply upward force to the upper second end plate (8-2) and downward force to the lower second end plate (8-3);
the friction energy dissipation assemblies are symmetrically arranged between the upper first end plate (8-1) and the upper second end plate (8-2) relative to the axis of the viscous fluid damper, and the upper ends and the lower ends of the friction energy dissipation assemblies are fixedly connected with the upper first end plate (8-1) and the upper second end plate (8-2) respectively.
2. The friction composite damper of viscous-SMA with stage restorable function according to claim 1, wherein the viscous fluid damper is characterized in that the upper part of the inner cavity of the shell (1-7) is provided with a viscous fluid chamber (1-7-1), the lower part of the inner cavity of the shell (1-7) is provided with a guide hole (1-7-2), the first guide rod (1-1) penetrates through the viscous fluid chamber (1-7-1), the part of the first guide rod (1-1) positioned in the viscous fluid chamber (1-7-1) is provided with a piston (1-3) matched with the viscous fluid chamber (1-7-1), the piston (1-3) is provided with a damping hole (1-4), and the viscous fluid chamber (1-7-1) is filled with viscous fluid (1-5), the lower end of the first guide rod (1-1) extends into the upper end of the guide hole (1-7-2), the upper end of the second guide rod (1-2) is inserted into the guide hole (1-7-2) from the upper end inserted into the guide hole (1-7-2), the second guide rod (1-2) can freely slide along the guide hole (1-7-2), a preset distance is reserved between the upper end of the second guide rod (1-2) and the lower end of the first guide rod (1-1), and the lower end of the second guide rod (1-2) extends out of the lower end of the guide hole (1-7-2).
3. A stepwise recoverable viscous-SMA friction composite damper according to claim 1, wherein the lower ends of the second guide rods (1-2) are connected to the upper second end plate (8-2) by force-transmitting springs (3).
4. The viscous-SMA friction composite damper capable of being restored in stages according to claim 1, wherein the restoring unit adopts an SMA guide rail (7), the SMA guide rail (7) comprises a guide groove structure (7-1) and a spring (7-2), the middle part of the guide groove structure (7-1) is vertically and fixedly connected with a middle end plate (12), the upper end and the lower end of the guide groove structure (7-1) respectively penetrate through an upper second end plate (8-2) and a lower second end plate (8-3), the guide groove structure (7-1) is provided with the guide groove (7-1-1), the spring (7-2) is arranged in the guide groove (7-1-1), the upper second end plate (8-2) and the lower second end plate (8-3) are respectively connected with the upper end and the lower end of the spring (7-2), the guide groove structure (7-1) and the upper second end plate (8-2) and the lower second end plate (8-3) can slide relatively.
5. A stepwise recoverable viscous-SMA friction composite damper according to claim 4, wherein a channel structure (7-1) is fixedly mounted on said first and second side guards.
6. The stepwise-recoverable viscous-SMA friction composite damper according to claim 1, wherein the friction dissipative assembly comprises N first friction dissipative plates and N-1 second friction dissipative plates, the N first friction dissipative plates are spaced and arranged in parallel, the N-1 second friction dissipative plates are respectively inserted into the N first friction dissipative plates, and the surfaces of the adjacent first friction dissipative plates and the second friction dissipative plates are attached to each other;
the upper ends of the N first friction energy consumption plates are vertically and fixedly connected with an upper first end plate (8-1), a preset distance is reserved between the lower ends of the N first friction energy consumption plates and an upper second end plate (8-2), the lower ends of the N-1 second friction energy consumption plates are vertically and fixedly connected with the upper second end plate (8-2), and a preset distance is reserved between the upper ends of the N-1 second friction energy consumption plates and the upper first end plate (8-1);
or the lower ends of the N first friction energy consumption plates are vertically and fixedly connected with the upper second end plate (8-2), a preset distance is reserved between the upper ends of the N first friction energy consumption plates and the upper first end plate (8-1), the upper ends of the N-1 second friction energy consumption plates are vertically and fixedly connected with the upper first end plate (8-1), and a preset distance is reserved between the lower ends of the N-1 second friction energy consumption plates and the upper second end plate (8-2).
7. A stage-recoverable viscous-SMA friction composite damper according to claim 6, wherein the first friction dissipative plate is bolted to the upper first end plate (8-1) or the upper second end plate (8-2), and the second friction dissipative plate is bolted to the upper first end plate (8-1) or the upper second end plate (8-2).
8. The stepwise recoverable viscous-SMA friction composite damper of claim 6, wherein the surface of the second friction dissipative plate is provided with a friction material.
9. The friction composite damper of viscous-SMA capable of being restored in stages as claimed in claim 1, wherein a plurality of shape memory alloy wires (17) are connected between the upper first end plate (8-1) and the upper second end plate (8-2), both ends of the shape memory alloy wires (17) are respectively fixedly connected with the upper first end plate (8-1) and the upper second end plate (8-2), and the plurality of shape memory alloy wires (17) are uniformly distributed around the viscous fluid damper.
10. A stepwise recoverable viscous-SMA friction composite damper according to claim 1, wherein the junctions of the side end plates (5) to the top end plate (4-1) and the bottom end plate (4-2) are provided with stiffening ribs (6).
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| CN112854510A (en) * | 2021-01-11 | 2021-05-28 | 西安建筑科技大学 | Viscous shear type damper with replaceable steel inserting plate |
| CN112854511A (en) * | 2021-01-11 | 2021-05-28 | 西安建筑科技大学 | Stepped viscous-friction damper |
| CN216516269U (en) * | 2021-10-26 | 2022-05-13 | 西安建筑科技大学 | Composite tension-compression type damper |
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| JPS58146740A (en) * | 1982-02-25 | 1983-09-01 | Toshiba Corp | Viscous damper |
| JP2000160874A (en) * | 1998-12-01 | 2000-06-13 | Taisei Corp | Compound seismic isolation structure |
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