CN115028037A - Elevator steel wire rope tension detection device and method - Google Patents
Elevator steel wire rope tension detection device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN115028037A CN115028037A CN202210556807.8A CN202210556807A CN115028037A CN 115028037 A CN115028037 A CN 115028037A CN 202210556807 A CN202210556807 A CN 202210556807A CN 115028037 A CN115028037 A CN 115028037A
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 96
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 96
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims description 14
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 77
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
- B66B5/00—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators
- B66B5/0006—Monitoring devices or performance analysers
- B66B5/0018—Devices monitoring the operating condition of the elevator system
- B66B5/0031—Devices monitoring the operating condition of the elevator system for safety reasons
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
- B66B7/00—Other common features of elevators
- B66B7/06—Arrangements of ropes or cables
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
- B66B7/00—Other common features of elevators
- B66B7/12—Checking, lubricating, or cleaning means for ropes, cables or guides
- B66B7/1207—Checking means
- B66B7/1215—Checking means specially adapted for ropes or cables
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01H—MEASUREMENT OF MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OR ULTRASONIC, SONIC OR INFRASONIC WAVES
- G01H9/00—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by using radiation-sensitive means, e.g. optical means
- G01H9/004—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by using radiation-sensitive means, e.g. optical means using fibre optic sensors
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L5/00—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes
- G01L5/04—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes for measuring tension in flexible members, e.g. ropes, cables, wires, threads, belts or bands
- G01L5/042—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes for measuring tension in flexible members, e.g. ropes, cables, wires, threads, belts or bands by measuring vibrational characteristics of the flexible member
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Lift-Guide Devices, And Elevator Ropes And Cables (AREA)
- Maintenance And Inspection Apparatuses For Elevators (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a device and a method for detecting tension of a steel wire rope of an elevator, and the device and the method comprise a hoistway, a traction machine, the steel wire rope, a lift car, a balancing weight, a fiber Bragg grating demodulator, a single mode fiber, a fiber Bragg grating vibration sensor and a clamping device, wherein the lift car is arranged in the hoistway, and the traction machine is arranged above the hoistway; the steel wire rope is wound on the traction machine, one end of the steel wire rope is connected with the lift car, and the other end of the steel wire rope is connected with the balancing weight; the fiber Bragg grating vibration sensor is in communication connection with the fiber Bragg grating demodulator through a single mode fiber; the clamping device fixedly arranges the fiber Bragg grating vibration sensor on the steel wire rope; the clamping device is used for fixing the fiber Bragg grating vibration sensor, is convenient to install and realizes real-time monitoring; the fiber Bragg grating vibration sensor is based on a structure of an equal-strength cantilever beam, can measure low-frequency and tiny vibration, has higher measurement precision, is small and exquisite in structure and is convenient to install.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of special equipment, in particular to a tension detection device and a tension detection method for an elevator steel wire rope.
Background
The elevator steel wire rope needs to bear tension in the using process, the elevator steel wire rope needs to be detected before and during use, the using process safety can be ensured only if the elevator steel wire rope is detected to be qualified, and the problem of how to accurately detect the tension capable of being borne by the elevator steel wire rope is solved.
An important hoisting part in an elevator is a steel wire rope which is an important bearing part, theoretically, in the using process of the elevator, the stress of each steel wire rope in a steel wire rope group should be the same, but in the actual using process, the stress of each steel wire rope in the steel wire rope group is different due to various reasons, when the stress of each steel wire rope in the steel wire rope group is not uniform, a creeping phenomenon is generated between the steel wire rope with small stress and a traction sheave, the creeping between the steel wire rope and the traction sheave can cause the abrasion of the steel wire rope and the traction sheave, and the condition is more serious when the floor is higher. Therefore, in order to avoid elevator safety accidents, it is important to monitor the tension change condition of each steel wire rope in real time. The existing elevator steel wire rope tension detection device has the problems of low accuracy, inconvenient installation and incapability of real-time monitoring, so that large errors exist in the measurement of the steel wire rope tension.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the invention provides an elevator steel wire rope tension detection device and a steel wire rope tension detection method, which can accurately detect the tension of a steel wire rope.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows: a tension detection device for an elevator steel wire rope comprises a hoistway, a traction machine, the steel wire rope, a lift car, a balancing weight, a fiber Bragg grating demodulator, a single-mode fiber, a fiber Bragg grating vibration sensor and a clamping device, wherein the lift car is arranged in the hoistway, and the traction machine is arranged above the hoistway; the steel wire rope is wound on the traction machine, one end of the steel wire rope is connected with the lift car, and the other end of the steel wire rope is connected with the balancing weight; the fiber Bragg grating vibration sensor is in communication connection with the fiber Bragg grating demodulator through a single mode fiber; the clamping device fixedly arranges the fiber Bragg grating vibration sensor on the steel wire rope; the clamping device comprises two clamping pieces, wherein one clamping piece is fixedly arranged at one end of the fiber Bragg grating vibration sensor, and the other clamping piece is fixedly arranged at the other end of the fiber Bragg grating vibration sensor; two clamping pieces are clamped on the steel wire rope, and the distance between the two clamping pieces is smaller than the length of the steel wire rope between the two clamping pieces.
On the basis of the technical scheme, preferably, the clamping piece comprises a main body, a movable opening, a fixed block, a movable block and an adjusting bolt, wherein the movable opening is formed in one side of the main body; the fixed block is fixedly arranged in the movable opening and is matched with the movable block.
On the basis of the technical scheme, preferably, the clamping piece further comprises an adjusting groove, the adjusting groove is formed in one side, far away from the fixed block, of the movable block, and the end portion, extending into the movable opening, of the adjusting bolt is arranged in the adjusting groove.
On the basis of the technical scheme, preferably, the clamping piece further comprises a first clamping groove and a second clamping groove, the first clamping groove is formed in the face, close to the movable block, of the fixed block, the second clamping groove is formed in the face, close to the fixed block, of the movable block, the first clamping groove and the second clamping groove extend inwards into the main body through the movable opening, and the first clamping groove and the second clamping groove are matched to clamp the steel wire rope.
On the basis of the technical scheme, preferably, the clamping piece further comprises a first stop block, a rope groove and a through groove, the first stop block is fixedly arranged on one side, away from the movable opening, of the movable block, the movable opening is communicated with the through groove, and the rope groove is communicated with the through groove.
On the basis of the above technical solution, preferably, the rope passing groove is arranged on one surface of the clamping piece, on which the adjusting bolt is arranged.
On the basis of the technical scheme, preferably, the clamping piece further comprises a first hanging hook and a second hanging hook, and the first hanging hook and the second hanging hook are fixedly arranged on one side, far away from the adjusting bolt, of the clamping piece.
On the basis of the above technical solution, preferably, the first hanging hook and the second hanging hook are oppositely arranged.
On the basis of the above technical scheme, preferably, the fiber bragg grating vibration sensor is connected with the clamping device through a first hanging hook and a second hanging hook.
The use method of the tension detection device for the steel wire rope of the elevator is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step 1:
the method comprises the steps of firstly determining a part to be detected of a steel wire rope, comprising two parts to be detected according to the characteristics of a traction type elevator, wherein one part is located at the connecting part of a lift car and the steel wire rope, the other part is located at the connecting part of a balancing weight and the steel wire rope, and then fixing a fiber Bragg grating vibration sensor through a clamping device to fix the clamping device at the part to be detected of the steel wire rope.
Step 2:
because the fiber bragg grating vibration sensor is based on the equal-strength cantilever beam, according to the mass M of the balancing weight, the acceleration a of the balancing weight is generated under the action of the force F on the end part of the equal-strength cantilever beam, and therefore the F can be obtained according to the formula F which is Ma.
And step 3:
the deflection w of the constant-strength cantilever beam, the stress F on the end part of the constant-strength cantilever beam, the length L of the constant-strength cantilever beam, the width b of the fixed end of the constant-strength cantilever beam, the thickness h of the constant-strength cantilever beam and the Young modulus E of the constant-strength cantilever beam can be calculated according to a formula,
and obtaining the deflection omega of the cantilever beam with equal strength.
And 4, step 4:
the relation between the strain epsilon of the surface of the cantilever beam with equal strength measured by the fiber Bragg grating vibration sensor and the deflection w of the cantilever beam is satisfied,
and 5:
when the initial central wavelength of the fiber bragg grating vibration sensor is lambda, the relationship between the drift amount delta lambda of the wavelength, the axial strain delta epsilon received by the wavelength delta lambda and the change delta T of the environment temperature is as follows:
step 6:
substituting the formula of the strain epsilon formula of the surface of the cantilever beam with the equal strength obtained in the step 4, the deflection w of the cantilever beam with the equal strength in the step 3 and the formula of the stress F of the end part of the cantilever beam with the equal strength in the step 1 into the step 5 to obtain the relation between the wavelength drift delta lambda of the fiber Bragg grating vibration sensor and the external vibration acceleration a:
the basic measurement principle of the fiber bragg grating vibration sensor used is that in simple harmonic vibration,
wherein, Delta l is the displacement amplitude of the cantilever beam with equal strength, and the characteristic frequency f of the string can be obtained by combining the formula n According to the theory of string vibration, the characteristic frequency f of the string is determined n The substitution into the formula is carried out,
wherein l is the effective length of the steel wire rope, and m is the linear density of the steel wire rope.
Compared with the prior art, the elevator steel wire rope tension detection device and the use method thereof have the following beneficial effects:
(1) the clamping device is used for fixing the fiber Bragg grating vibration sensor, is convenient to install and realizes real-time monitoring;
(2) the fiber Bragg grating vibration sensor is a structure based on an equal-strength cantilever beam, can measure low-frequency and tiny vibration, has higher measurement precision, is small and exquisite in structure and is convenient to install;
(3) the steel wire rope is clamped by the fixed block and the movable block, the clamping force is adjusted through the adjusting bolt, the steel wire rope clamp is suitable for steel wire ropes with different diameters, and the application range is wide;
(4) the rope passing groove is formed in one surface, provided with the adjusting bolt, of the clamping piece, the steel wire rope is bent by 90 degrees in the clamping piece, friction force is increased in the stress process of the steel wire rope, and the clamping effect is better;
(5) each clamping piece comprises a first hook and a second hook, and the fiber Bragg grating vibration sensor is stressed more uniformly and measured data are more accurate;
(6) the first hook and the second hook are arranged oppositely, and the connection with the fiber Bragg grating vibration sensor is firmer.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an elevator rope tension detecting apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the clamp of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a partial cross-sectional view of the clamp of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a view A-A of FIG. 3 according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a rear view of the clamp of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a partial cross-sectional view of a clamping device of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1 to 6, an elevator steel wire rope tension detection device includes a hoistway 1, a traction machine 2, a steel wire rope 3, a car 4, a counterweight 5, a fiber bragg grating demodulator 6, a single-mode fiber 7, a fiber bragg grating vibration sensor 8, and a clamping device 9.
The lift car 4 is arranged in the well 1, the traction machine 2 is arranged above the well 1, the steel wire rope 3 is wound on the traction machine 2, one end of the steel wire rope 3 is connected with the lift car 4, the other end of the steel wire rope is connected with the balancing weight 5, and the lift car 4 is combined with the balancing weight 5 to enable the lift car 4 to achieve the lifting function under the effects of the traction machine 2 and the steel wire rope 3.
The fiber Bragg grating vibration sensor 8 is in communication connection with the fiber Bragg grating demodulator 6 through a single-mode fiber 7; the optical fiber Bragg grating demodulator 6 stores and analyzes the electric signal transmitted by the single-mode optical fiber 7.
The fiber bragg grating demodulator 6 is generally arranged in a control room, related personnel can monitor data changes in real time, the fiber bragg grating vibration sensor 8 moves up and down back and forth along with the car 4 or the balancing weight 5 and needs to be communicated with the fiber bragg grating demodulator 6, so that the length of the single-mode fiber 7 needs to be long enough, and the single-mode fiber 7 is prevented from being pulled off in the operation process.
The fiber bragg grating vibration sensor 8 is fixedly arranged on the clamping device 9, the clamping device 9 is connected with the steel wire rope 3, the fiber bragg grating vibration sensor 8 is used for replacing the steel wire rope 3, relevant parameters of the replaced steel wire rope 3 in the using process are measured, as an optimal implementation mode, the distance between the two clamping pieces 91 is smaller than the length of the steel wire rope 3 between the two clamping pieces 91, the steel wire rope 3 at the measured section is not stressed, external force is applied to the fiber bragg grating vibration sensor 8, and the relevant parameters of the steel wire rope 3 at the section can be measured.
The clamping member 91 comprises a main body 911, a movable opening 912, a fixed block 913, a movable block 914, an adjusting groove 915, an adjusting bolt 916, a first clamping groove 920, a second clamping groove 921, a first stop 917, a rope passing groove 918, a through groove 919, a first hooking hook 923 and a second hooking hook 924.
In order to clamp the steel wire rope 3 by the clamping member 91, as a preferred embodiment, the movable opening 912 is arranged on one side of the main body 911, the adjusting bolt 916 is in threaded fit connection with the main body 911, an end of the adjusting bolt 916 extends into the movable opening 912 from one end of the main body 911, an end of the adjusting bolt 916 extending into the movable opening 912 is arranged in the adjusting groove 915, the adjusting groove 915 is arranged on one side of the movable block 914 far from the fixed block 913, the movable block 914 moves towards a direction close to the fixed block 913 and a direction far from the fixed block 913 in the movable opening 912 under the action of the adjusting bolt 916, the steel wire rope 3 passes through the fixed block 913 and the movable block 914, and the movable block 914 can be adjusted to clamp the fixed block 913 through the adjusting bolt 916.
In order to improve the clamping effect on the steel wire rope 3, as a preferred embodiment, the fixed block 913 is fixedly arranged in the movable opening 912, the first clamping groove 920 is arranged on the side, close to the movable block 914, of the fixed block 913, the second clamping groove 921 is arranged on the side, close to the fixed block 913, of the movable block 914, both the first clamping groove 920 and the second clamping groove 921 extend into the main body 911 through the movable opening 912, the first clamping groove 920 and the second clamping groove 921 are matched with each other to clamp the steel wire rope 3, the first clamping groove 920 is added to the fixed block 913, the second clamping groove 921 is added to the movable block 914, and as the cross section of the steel wire rope 3 is generally circular or oval, the contact area between the fixed block 913 and the movable block 914 is increased, the contact area with the steel wire rope 3 is increased, the clamping effect is improved, and the damage to the steel wire rope 3 is reduced.
In the movable opening 912, the movable block 914 is easily separated from the movable opening 912 only by adjusting the adjusting slot 915 and the adjusting bolt 916, and as a preferred embodiment, the first stop 917 is fixedly disposed on a side of the movable block 914 far away from the movable opening 912, and the first stop 917 prevents the movable block 914 from sliding toward the movable opening 912 after being stressed, which results in a failure of the clamping function between the fixed block 913 and the movable block 914.
After the steel wire rope 3 is clamped by the fixed block 913 and the movable block 914, the steel wire rope 3 needs to extend out of the clamping member 91, as a preferred embodiment, the movable opening 912 is communicated with the through groove 919, the rope passing groove 918 and the adjusting bolt 916 are arranged on the same surface of the clamping member 91, extend into the space between the fixed block 913 and the movable block 914 through the movable opening 912, then penetrate through the bucket groove 919, then extend out of the clamping member 91 through the rope passing groove 918, and at the moment, the steel wire rope 3 located between the fixed block 913 and the movable block 914 is clamped by the fixed block 913 and the movable block 914.
According to actual needs, the clamping device 9 is connected with the fiber bragg grating vibration sensor 8 and is also connected with the steel wire rope 3, as an optimal implementation mode, the clamping device 9 comprises two clamping pieces 91, one of the clamping pieces 91 is fixedly arranged at one end of the fiber bragg grating vibration sensor 8, the other clamping piece 91 is fixedly arranged at the other end of the fiber bragg grating vibration sensor 8, the two clamping pieces 91 are clamped on the steel wire rope 3, and the clamping device 9 is connected with the fiber bragg grating vibration sensor 8 and is also connected with the steel wire rope 3.
According to the technical characteristics, as an optimal implementation mode, the first hooking hook 923 and the second hooking hook 924 are fixedly arranged on one side, away from the adjusting bolt 916, of the clamping member 91, and the fiber bragg grating vibration sensor 8 and each clamping member 91 are connected through the first hooking hook 923 and the second hooking hook 924, so that data measured by the fiber bragg grating vibration sensor 8 is more accurate.
In order to make the data measured by the fiber bragg grating vibration sensor 8 more accurate, as an optimal implementation mode, the first hooking hook 923 and the second hooking hook 924 are arranged oppositely, and at the moment, the tension of the fiber bragg grating vibration sensor 8 receiving the clamping piece 91 is more uniform.
The invention discloses a method for detecting the tension of an elevator steel wire rope, which comprises the following steps:
step 1:
firstly, determining a part to be detected of a steel wire rope 3, wherein the part to be detected comprises two parts to be detected according to the characteristics of a traction type elevator, one of the parts is positioned at the connecting part of a lift car 4 and the steel wire rope 3, the other part is positioned at the connecting part of a balancing weight 5 and the steel wire rope 3, then fixing a fiber Bragg grating vibration sensor 8 through a clamping device 9, and fixing the clamping device 9 at the part to be detected of the steel wire rope 3.
Step 2:
since the fiber bragg grating vibration sensor 8 is based on the equal-strength cantilever beam, the mass M of the balancing weight 5 and the acceleration a of the balancing weight 5 are obtained under the action of the force F on the end of the equal-strength cantilever beam, and therefore the force F on the end of the equal-strength cantilever beam can be obtained according to the formula F ═ Ma.
And 3, step 3:
according to the characteristics of the constant-strength cantilever beam, combining the stress F of the end part of the constant-strength cantilever beam obtained in the step 2, the length L of the constant-strength cantilever beam, the width b of the fixed end of the constant-strength cantilever beam, the thickness h of the constant-strength cantilever beam and the Young modulus E of the constant-strength cantilever beam, we can use a formula,
and obtaining the deflection omega of the cantilever beam with equal strength.
And 4, step 4:
the relation between the strain epsilon of the surface of the cantilever beam with the equal strength measured by the fiber Bragg grating vibration sensor 8 and the deflection w thereof is satisfied,
therefore, the deflection omega of the cantilever beam with equal strength is substituted into a formula to obtain the strain epsilon of the surface of the cantilever beam with equal strength.
And 5:
when the initial central wavelength of the fiber bragg grating vibration sensor 8 is λ, the relationship between the drift amount Δ λ of the wavelength, the axial strain Δ ∈ to which the fiber bragg grating vibration sensor is subjected and the ambient temperature change Δ T satisfies the formula:
step 6:
substituting the formula of the strain epsilon formula of the surface of the cantilever beam with the equal strength obtained in the step 4, the deflection omega of the cantilever beam with the equal strength in the step 3 and the formula of the stress F of the end part of the cantilever beam with the equal strength in the step 1 into the step 5 to obtain the relation between the wavelength drift delta lambda of the fiber Bragg grating vibration sensor 8 and the external vibration acceleration a:
the basic measurement principle of the fibre bragg grating vibration sensor 8 used is in simple harmonic vibration,
wherein, Delta l is the displacement amplitude of the cantilever beam with equal strength, and the characteristic frequency f of the string can be obtained by combining the formula n According to the theory of string vibration, the characteristic frequency f of the string is determined n The substitution into a formula is carried out,
wherein l is the effective length of the steel wire rope 3, and m is the linear density of the steel wire rope 3, and the tension T applied to the steel wire rope 3 to be measured can be obtained.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (10)
1. A tension detection device for a steel wire rope of an elevator comprises a well (1), a traction machine (2), a steel wire rope (3), a lift car (4), a balancing weight (5), a fiber Bragg grating demodulator (6), a single-mode fiber (7), a fiber Bragg grating vibration sensor (8) and a clamping device (9), wherein,
the lift car (4) is arranged in the hoistway (1), and the traction machine (2) is arranged above the hoistway (1);
the steel wire rope (3) is wound on the traction machine (2), one end of the steel wire rope (3) is connected with the lift car (4), and the other end of the steel wire rope is connected with the balancing weight (5);
the method is characterized in that: the fiber Bragg grating vibration sensor (8) is in communication connection with the fiber Bragg grating demodulator (6) through a single-mode fiber (7);
the clamping device (9) comprises two clamping pieces (91), wherein one clamping piece (91) is fixedly arranged at one end of the fiber Bragg grating vibration sensor (8), and the other clamping piece (91) is fixedly arranged at the other end of the fiber Bragg grating vibration sensor (8);
the two clamping pieces (91) are clamped on the steel wire rope (3), and the distance between the two clamping pieces (91) is smaller than the length of the steel wire rope (3) between the two clamping pieces (91).
2. The elevator rope tension detecting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the clamping piece (91) comprises a main body (911), a movable port (912), a fixed block (913), a movable block (914) and an adjusting bolt (916), wherein the movable port (912) is arranged on one side of the main body (911), the adjusting bolt (916) is in threaded fit connection with the main body (911), the end part of the adjusting bolt (916) extends into the movable port (912) from one end of the main body (911), and the end part of the adjusting bolt (916) extending into the movable port (912) is in fit arrangement with the movable block (914); the fixed block (913) is fixedly arranged in the movable opening (912), and the fixed block (913) is matched with the movable block (914).
3. The elevator rope tension detecting apparatus according to claim 2, wherein: the clamping piece (91) further comprises an adjusting groove (915), the adjusting groove (915) is arranged on one side, away from the fixed block (913), of the movable block (914), and the end, extending into the movable opening (912), of the adjusting bolt (916) is arranged in the adjusting groove (915).
4. The elevator rope tension detecting apparatus according to claim 2, wherein: clamping piece (91) still includes first clamp groove (920) and second clamp groove (921), and first clamp groove (920) sets up the one side that is close to movable block (914) at fixed block (913), and second clamp groove (921) sets up the one side that is close to fixed block (913) at movable block (914), and first clamp groove (920) and second clamp groove (921) extend to main part (911) by activity mouth (912), and first clamp groove (920) and second clamp groove (921) cooperation are pressed from both sides tight wire rope (3).
5. The elevator rope tension detecting apparatus according to claim 2, wherein: the clamping piece (91) further comprises a first stop block (917), a rope passing groove (918) and a through groove (919), wherein the first stop block (917) is fixedly arranged on one side, away from the movable opening (912), of the movable block (914), the movable opening (912) is communicated with the through groove (919), and the rope passing groove (918) is communicated with the through groove (919).
6. The elevator rope tension detecting apparatus according to claim 5, wherein: the rope passing groove (918) and the adjusting bolt (916) are positioned on the same side of the clamping piece (91).
7. The elevator rope tension detecting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: clamping piece (91) still includes first hook (923) and second hook (924), first hook (923) and second hook (924) that articulate are fixed to be set up in clamping piece (91) one side of keeping away from adjusting bolt (916).
8. The elevator rope tension detecting apparatus according to claim 7, wherein: the first hanging hook (923) and the second hanging hook (924) are arranged oppositely.
9. The elevator rope tension detecting apparatus according to claim 8, wherein: the fiber Bragg grating vibration sensor (8) is connected with the clamping device (9) through a first hanging hook (923) and a second hanging hook (924).
10. An elevator wire rope tension detection method, characterized in that the elevator wire rope tension detection device according to any one of claims 1 to 9 is adopted, and comprises the following steps:
S1：
firstly, fixing a fiber Bragg grating vibration sensor (8) through a clamping device (9), and then fixing the clamping device (9) on a part to be detected of a steel wire rope (3);
S2：
according to a formula F which is Ma, wherein the mass of the balancing weight (5) is M, the acceleration of the balancing weight (5) is a, and the end part stress F of the constant-strength cantilever beam is obtained;
S3：
according to the formula, the method comprises the following steps of,
combining the stress F of the end part of the constant-strength cantilever beam obtained in the step 2, the length L of the constant-strength cantilever beam, the width b of the fixed end of the constant-strength cantilever beam, the thickness h of the constant-strength cantilever beam and the Young modulus E of the constant-strength cantilever beam to obtain the deflection w of the constant-strength cantilever beam;
S4：
the relation between the strain epsilon of the surface of the cantilever beam with equal strength and the deflection w of the cantilever beam measured by the fiber Bragg grating vibration sensor (8) meets,
obtaining the strain epsilon of the surface of the cantilever beam with equal strength;
S5：
when the initial central wavelength of the fiber Bragg grating vibration sensor (8) is lambda, the relationship between the drift quantity delta lambda of the wavelength, the axial strain delta epsilon received by the fiber Bragg grating vibration sensor and the environment temperature change delta T meets the formula:
S6：
substituting the formula of the strain epsilon formula of the surface of the cantilever beam with the equal strength, the deflection w of the cantilever beam with the equal strength in S3 and the formula of the stress F of the end part of the cantilever beam with the equal strength in S1 into S5 to obtain the relation between the wavelength drift delta lambda of the fiber Bragg grating vibration sensor (8) and the external vibration acceleration a,
in the case of a simple harmonic vibration,
wherein, delta l is the displacement amplitude of the cantilever beam with equal strength to obtain the characteristic frequency f of the string n (ii) a According to the theory of string vibration,
wherein l is the effective length of the steel wire rope (3), m is the linear density of the steel wire rope (3), and finally the tension T borne by the section of the steel wire rope (3) to be tested is obtained.
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