CN115027613B

CN115027613B - Chain type ball berthing system and use method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN115027613B
Application number: CN202210422238.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 凌伟; 倪其军; 侯小军; 承涵; 陈公羽; 陶超
Original assignee: 702th Research Institute of CSIC
Current assignee: 702th Research Institute of CSIC
Priority date: 2022-04-21
Filing date: 2022-04-21
Publication date: 2023-05-12
Anticipated expiration: 2042-04-21
Also published as: CN115027613A

Abstract

The invention relates to a chain type leaning ball berthing system and a use method thereof, wherein the chain type leaning ball berthing system comprises a ship body, a plurality of leaning balls are arranged on a stern deck of the ship body, and the leaning balls are sequentially connected through middle section rigging; a rear cable winch and a front cable winch are respectively arranged on a ship stern deck and a ship bow deck, and an automatic cable delivery device is arranged on the ship between the ship bow and the ship stern; the leaning ball at one end is connected and fastened with the rear cable winch through the rear section of cable, the leaning ball at the other end is connected with the end of the front section of cable, and the free end of the front section of cable is connected and fastened with the front cable winch after being transmitted to the bow from the stern through the automatic cable delivering device; therefore, the leaning balls and rigging which are orderly stored at the stern can be quickly and smoothly distributed along the length direction of the side surface of the ship body, the reliable berthing of the ship body is realized by assistance, the space required for storage is greatly reduced by assistance, the use flexibility is high, the practicability is good, and the berthing device is particularly suitable for berthing of small waterplane double-body or multi-body ships.

Description

Chain type ball berthing system and use method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of ship berthing equipment, in particular to a chain type berthing ball berthing system and a use method thereof.

Background

The small water surface catamaran is formed by two continuous sheet bodies, the line type of the joint of each sheet body and the water surface is narrowed, and Gu Ming thinks of a small water surface, so that the disturbance of waves to the ship is small under the action of wind and waves; the biggest characteristics of this boat type are that the wave resistance is good, and the crew is seasickness rate is bottom, but there is the difficulty in the small water plane to lead to berthing simultaneously, and the pier generally arranges perpendicular rubber fender, and small water plane catamaran can't normally berth, has the risk that the wider deck "on the pier" of small water plane catamaran, and then destroys hull structure when meetting the unrestrained effect of wind moreover.

In the prior art, the small water surface catamaran berthing mainly expands the strut body partially outwards by adding the appendage to meet the requirement of a flat ship board so as to achieve smooth berthing with a wharf or other ships. And secondly, three or more reserved positions are preset for the leaning ball, and when the leaning ball needs to be laid, the leaning ball is thrown or put into water in a throwing or gravity lifting mode, and meanwhile, the rope is tethered at the corresponding position.

The above-described existing berthing approach is only applicable to small water craft, which are equipped with small berths and sacrifice weight and deck space. The method is not suitable for large-sized small-sized waterplane twin-hull vessels, the existing large-sized small-sized waterplane twin-hull vessels mainly adjust a wharf fender according to the height of a pillar body to adapt to berthing, the wharf construction cannot be matched according to a conventional scheme, and special design is needed to meet berthing of the large-sized small-sized waterplane ship vessels; when a large-sized small-sized water surface catamaran needs to lean against an external port, berthing becomes a pain point of the small-sized water surface catamaran.

Disclosure of Invention

The applicant provides a chain type berthing system with reasonable structure and a use method thereof aiming at the defects in the prior art, thereby realizing reliable berthing of a ship body, having high use flexibility, being particularly suitable for berthing of a small waterplane double-body or multi-body ship, and helping to greatly reduce the space required for storage.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

the chain type leaning ball berthing system comprises a ship body, wherein a plurality of leaning balls are placed on a stern deck of the ship body, and the leaning balls are sequentially connected through middle section rigging; a rear cable winch and a front cable winch are respectively arranged on a ship stem deck and a ship stem deck of the ship body, and an automatic cable delivery device is arranged on the ship body between the ship stem and the ship stem; the leaning ball at one end is connected and fastened with the rear cable winch through the rear section of the cable, the leaning ball at the other end is connected with the end of the front section of the cable, and the free end of the front section of the cable is connected and fastened with the front cable winch after being transmitted to the bow part from the stern through the automatic cable delivering device.

As a further improvement of the above technical scheme:

the automatic cable feeding device is arranged on the outer side face of the ship body in the length direction.

The automatic cable feeding device has the structure that: the ship comprises conveying wheels which are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the ship body, wherein the outer sides of the conveying wheels are wound with circulating chains together, and one conveying wheel is driven by a power mechanism to rotate so that the circulating chains are driven to circulate; the free end of the front section of the rigging is fixed with the circulating chain and is driven forward along with the circulating chain to the bow.

A reserved rope is fixed on the circulating chain and is quickly fixed or unlocked with the front section of rigging through a lock catch; the ship body above the conveying wheel and the circulating chain is provided with a protective shell, the protective shell extends downwards from the upper part to contain the automatic cable feeding device inside, and the reserved rope is positioned on the lower half ring of the circulating chain.

The rear guide roller assembly is arranged at the edge of the stern deck, and the rear section of the rigging is connected and fastened with the rear cable winch after passing through the rear guide roller assembly; the front guide roller assembly is arranged at the edge of the bow deck, and the front section of rigging is connected and fastened with the front cable winch after passing through the front guide roller assembly.

The stern deck is provided with a crane for hanging the leaning ball.

Chain-type leaning ball berthing systems are uniformly distributed on two sides of the ship body in the length direction, the crane is arranged in the middle of the ship tail deck in the width direction, and the two groups of chain-type leaning ball berthing systems share the same crane.

The two ends of the backing ball are quickly locked or unlocked with the rear section rigging, the middle section rigging or the front section rigging through quick locks, lifting buckles are respectively and jointly installed on the quick locks at the two ends of the backing ball through connecting cables, and the lifting buckles are positioned in the middle of the two quick locks of the backing ball; the crane lifts the backing ball through the lifting buckle.

The ship body is a catamaran or a multi-body ship and comprises two or more submerged bodies arranged at intervals, wherein connecting bridges are respectively arranged on the submerged bodies through strut bodies, and the edges of the connecting bridges are arranged in a protruding mode relative to the strut bodies and the submerged bodies; after the chain type leaning ball berthing system is placed on the water surface, the leaning balls are arranged on the outer side face of the support column along the length direction of the ship body, and the outer side face of the leaning balls protrudes outwards from the edge of the connecting bridge.

The application method of the chain type ball berthing system comprises the following steps:

the ball backing distribution process during berthing is as follows:

the leaning balls on the stern are sequentially connected with each other through the middle section of the rigging, the last leaning ball is fixedly connected with the rear stranding machine through the rear section of the rigging, the forefront leaning ball is connected with the front section of the rigging, and the free end of the front section of the rigging is delivered to the bow of the ship through the automatic cable delivering device and is connected and fastened with the front stranding machine;

the crane works to sequentially hoist the leaning ball on the stern deck into water;

the front winch works, the front section of the rigging is reeled and tightened until each leaning ball is sequentially close to the side surface of the ship body;

the front section rigging and the rear section rigging are respectively tied and fixed, and the berthing state is ready;

the ball leaning recovery process after berthing is as follows:

loosening the front end of the front-section rigging;

the rear winch works, the rear section of rigging is twisted to enable each leaning ball and the middle section of rigging to approach the stern gradually, and the front section of rigging is released from the front winch gradually;

the crane works, and the leaning ball is sequentially lifted from the water to a preset position at the stern;

the front section of rigging is thrown into the water and retracted by stern personnel.

The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:

the invention has compact and reasonable structure and convenient operation, can rapidly and smoothly distribute the leaning balls and rigging orderly stored at the stern along the length direction of the side surface of the ship body through the chain leaning ball berthing system, has high use flexibility and good practicability, is particularly suitable for berthing of double-body or multi-body ships on small waterplane planes, and greatly reduces the storage space;

according to the invention, the leaning ball can be reliably stored in the preset position of the ship body, the storage and the arrangement of the leaning ball are only needed in the radiation range of the crane, the requirements on the number of people and the operation are low, the use is convenient, and the leaning ball is particularly suitable for the berthing arrangement requirement of large ships.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention (top view, automatic cable feeding state).

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the present invention (a state in which the ball is placed on the water surface in the front view direction).

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the automatic cable feeding device of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the state of the crane of the present invention when lifting the leaning ball.

Fig. 5 is a schematic view (in a top view) showing an initial state of laying the running ball on the water surface according to the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a schematic view (in top view) of the invention in a state of being completely laid by the ball.

Fig. 7 is a schematic view of the present invention in which the back balls are disposed on both sides of the hull.

Wherein: 1. a hull; 2. a crane; 3. a front guide roller assembly; 4. a front cable cutter; 5. an automatic cable feeding device; 6. laying a rope; 7. leaning against the ball; 8. a rear guide roller assembly; 9. a rear cable twisting machine; 10. berthing the object;

11. a stern; 12. a bow; 13. a submerged body; 14. a connecting bridge; 15. a support column;

51. a protective shell; 52. a conveying wheel; 53. a circulating chain; 54. reserving ropes; 55. locking;

61. a rear-section rigging; 62. a middle section rigging; 63. a front section rigging;

71. a connecting rope; 72. and lifting the buckle.

Detailed Description

The following describes specific embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the chain type berthing system for berthing balls of the present embodiment includes a hull 1, a plurality of berthing balls 7 are disposed on a deck of a stern 11 of the hull 1, and the berthing balls 7 are sequentially connected through a middle section rigging 62; a rear cable winch 9 and a front cable winch 4 are respectively arranged on the deck of the stern 11 and the deck of the bow 12 of the ship body 1, and an automatic cable feeding device 5 is arranged on the ship body 1 between the bow 12 and the stern 11; the leaning ball 7 at one end is connected and fastened with the rear stranding machine 9 through the rear section rigging 61, the leaning ball 7 at the other end is connected with the end of the front section rigging 63, and the free end of the front section rigging 63 is connected and fastened with the front stranding machine 4 after being transmitted to the bow 12 from the stern 11 through the automatic cable delivering device 5; through chain type leaning ball berthing system, can be with orderly accomodate in the leaning ball 7 of stern 11, the rigging is quick smoothly put along hull 1 side length direction on, helps realizing the reliable berthing of hull 1.

The automatic cable feeding device 5 is arranged on the outer side face of the ship body 1 in the length direction, so that the transmission between the bow 12 and the stern 11 is realized, the deck space of the ship body 1 is not occupied, and the arrangement is reasonable and ingenious.

As shown in fig. 3, the automatic cable feeding device 5 has the following structure: the ship comprises conveying wheels 52 which are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the ship body 1, wherein a circulating chain 53 is wound around the outer sides of the conveying wheels 52, and one conveying wheel 52 is driven by a power mechanism to rotate so that the circulating chain 53 is driven in a circulating way; the free end of the front rigging 63 is secured to the endless chain 53 and is driven forward therewith to the bow 12.

A reserved rope 54 is fixed on the circulating chain 53, and the reserved rope 54 is quickly fixed or unlocked with a front-section rigging 63 through a lock catch 55; the protecting shell 51 is arranged on the ship body 1 above the conveying wheel 52 and the circulating chain 53, and the protecting shell 51 extends downwards from top to contain the automatic cable feeding device 5 inside, so that the influence of external factors on the automatic cable feeding device 5 is effectively reduced or even avoided, and the conveying stability and reliability of the automatic cable feeding device are ensured; the reserve rope 54 is located on the lower half turn of the endless chain 53, helping to achieve forward transport of the front end of the front-length rigging 63.

The rear guide roller assembly 8 is arranged at the edge of the deck of the stern 11, and the rear section of rigging 61 is connected and fastened with the rear cable winch 9 after passing through the rear guide roller assembly 8; the front guide roller assembly 3 is arranged at the edge of the deck of the bow 12, and the front section rigging 63 is fastened with the front stranding machine 4 after passing through the front guide roller assembly 3; the front guide roller assemblies 3 and the rear guide roller assemblies 8 are arranged, so that the cable reeling and unreeling of the chain type ball berthing system in the laying and recovering processes are smoother.

The deck of the stern 11 is provided with a crane 2 for hanging the leaning ball 7.

In the embodiment, a fixed storage structure of the leaning ball 7 can be arranged on a deck of the stern 11, and the leaning ball 7 can be reliably stored and placed under the limit of a certain occupied area, and can also be stacked and placed according to the requirement;

in this embodiment, the storage position of the leaning ball 7 is close to or within the radiation range of the crane 2, and is distributed in the water nearby after being lifted by the crane 2.

As shown in fig. 7, chain-type berthing systems are uniformly distributed on two sides of the hull 1 in the length direction, the crane 2 is installed in the middle of the stern 11 in the width direction of the deck, and two groups of chain-type berthing systems share the same crane 2.

As shown in fig. 4, the two ends of the leaning ball 7 are quickly locked or unlocked with the rear section rigging 61, the middle section rigging 62 or the front section rigging 63 through quick locks, the quick locks at the two ends of the leaning ball 7 are respectively provided with a lifting buckle 72 through a connecting rope 71, and the lifting buckle 72 is positioned in the middle of the two quick locks of the leaning ball 7; the crane 2 lifts the back ball 7 by means of the lifting buckle 72.

As shown in fig. 7, the hull 1 is a catamaran or a multi-hull ship, and comprises two or more submarines 13 arranged at intervals, wherein connecting bridges 14 are respectively and jointly arranged on the submarines 13 through support columns 15, and the edges of the connecting bridges 14 are arranged in a protruding manner relative to the support columns 15 and the submarines 13; after the chain type berthing ball berthing system is distributed on the water surface, the berthing balls 7 are distributed on the outer side face of the strut body 15 along the length direction of the ship body 1, and the outer side face of the berthing balls 7 is outwards protruded on the edge of the connecting bridge 14, so that berthing is smoothly carried out between the berthing balls 7 and berthing objects 10 such as external wharfs or ships.

In this embodiment, the leaning ball 7 can be reliably stored in the preset position of the ship body 1, and the storage and the arrangement of the leaning ball 7 are in the radiation range of the crane 2, so that the storage space requirement of the berthing system is reduced, the requirement on personnel quantity and operation is low, only one person is required to be arranged on the bow 12 and the stern 11 respectively for matching and arranging, and the berthing device is convenient to use and particularly suitable for berthing arrangement requirements of large ships.

In this embodiment, the ball 7 may be inflatable or polyurethane.

The application method of the chain type ball berthing system of the embodiment comprises the following steps:

the laying process of the leaning ball 7 during leaning is as follows:

the first step: the leaning balls 7 on the stern 11 are sequentially jointed with each other through the middle section rigging 62, the last leaning ball 7 is fixedly jointed with the rear stranding machine 9 through the rear section rigging 61, the forefront leaning ball 7 is connected with the front section rigging 63, and the free end of the front section rigging 63 is delivered to the bow 12 by the automatic cable delivering device 5 and is jointed and fastened with the front stranding machine 4;

the method comprises the following steps: as shown in fig. 1 and 3, the front end of the front-stage rigging 63 is fastened on the reserved rope 54 of the automatic cable feeding device 5, the power mechanism works to drive the circulating chain 53 through the conveying wheel 52, the front end of the front-stage rigging 63 is driven forward along with the transmission until the bow 12, and the front end of the front-stage rigging 63 is removed from the automatic cable feeding device 5 and fastened on the front stranding machine 4;

in this embodiment, the rear-stage rigging 61 is fixed to the rear stranding machine 9 after passing through the rear guide roller assembly 8, and the front-stage rigging 63 is fixed to the front stranding machine 4 after passing through the front guide roller assembly 3.

And a second step of: the crane 2 works to sequentially hoist the leaning ball 7 on the deck of the stern 11 into water, as shown in fig. 5; specifically, the running ball 7 connected to the front stage rigging 63 may be first put into water, and then sequentially put down water one by one.

And a third step of: the front winch 4 works to winch and tighten the front section rigging 63 until each leaning ball 7 is sequentially close to the side surface of the ship body 1, as shown in fig. 2 and 6;

the front-section rigging 63 can be synchronously tightened by the front winch 4 in the laying process of the backing ball 7, so that the chain backing ball berthing system can be quickly and reliably laid on the side surface of the ship body 1;

fourth step: the front section rigging 63 and the rear section rigging 61 are respectively fastened and the berthing state is ready;

as shown in fig. 7, for a twin or multi hull ship, the leaning balls 7 are arranged in a whole at the support columns 15 and correspond to the leaning object 10, and contact with the leaning object 10 through the leaning balls 7.

The recovery process of the backing ball 7 after backing is as follows:

step one: loosening the front end of the front-stage rope 63;

step two: the rear winch 9 works, the rear section rigging 61 is twisted to enable each leaning ball 7 and the middle section rigging 62 to gradually approach the stern 11, and the front section rigging 63 is gradually released from the front winch 4;

step three: the crane 2 works, and the leaning ball 7 is sequentially lifted from water to a preset position of the stern 11;

step four: the front rigging 63 is thrown into the water and retrieved by the stern 11 personnel.

In this embodiment, the front stage rigging 63, the middle stage rigging 62 and the rear stage rigging 61 together form a laying cable 6 connected with the berthing system, and the lengths of the front stage rigging 63, the middle stage rigging 62 and the rear stage rigging 61 are respectively set according to the interval requirement during laying;

the end part of the front-section rigging 63 is transmitted from the stern 11 to the bow 12 by the automatic cable-delivering device 5 to be fastened with the front stranding machine 4 during the arrangement, and the sequential arrangement of the leaning balls 7 can be synchronously carried out during the transmission of the end part of the front-section rigging 63, so that the requirement on the length of the front-section rigging 63 is not high, and a certain external force can be applied to the conveyed circulating chain 53 through the front-section rigging 63 during the arrangement of the leaning balls 7; the laying of the backup ball 7 may be performed after the end of the front-stage rope 63 is transferred and fastened to the front winch 4, and this method requires a longer length of the front-stage rope 63 than the transfer length of the automatic cable feeder 5, but does not apply an external force other than transfer to the endless chain 53.

The chain type berthing system is assisted in realizing the rapid and reliable berthing of the ship body, has high use flexibility, and is particularly suitable for berthing of small waterplane double-body or multi-body ships and suitable for berthing requirements of ships with long length.

The above description is intended to illustrate the invention and not to limit it, the scope of which is defined by the claims, and any modifications can be made within the scope of the invention.

Claims

1. Chain type ball berthing system, including hull (1), its characterized in that: a plurality of leaning balls (7) are arranged on a deck of a stern (11) of the ship body (1), and the leaning balls (7) are sequentially connected through middle section rigging (62); a rear cable winch (9) and a front cable winch (4) are respectively arranged on a deck of a stern (11) and a deck of a bow (12) of the ship body (1), and an automatic cable delivery device (5) is arranged on the ship body (1) between the bow (12) and the stern (11); the leaning ball (7) at one end is connected and fastened with the rear stranding machine (9) through the rear section of the rope (61), the leaning ball (7) at the other end is connected with the end of the front section of the rope (63), and the free end of the front section of the rope (63) is connected and fastened with the front stranding machine (4) after being conveyed to the bow (12) from the stern (11) through the automatic cable delivering device (5);

the ship body (1) is a catamaran or a multi-body ship, and comprises two or more submarines (13) which are arranged at intervals, wherein the upper parts of the submarines (13) are respectively provided with a connecting bridge (14) through a support column (15) together, and the edges of the connecting bridges (14) are arranged in a protruding way relative to the support column (15) and the submarines (13); after the chain type leaning ball berthing system is distributed on the water surface, the leaning balls (7) are distributed on the outer side face of the support column body (15) along the length direction of the ship body (1), and the outer side face of the leaning balls (7) protrudes outwards from the edge of the connecting bridge (14).

2. A chain type ball berthing system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the automatic cable feeding device (5) is arranged on the outer side face of the ship body (1) in the length direction.

3. A chain type ball berthing system as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the automatic cable feeding device (5) has the structure that: the ship comprises conveying wheels (52) which are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the ship body (1), wherein the outer sides of the conveying wheels (52) are wound with a circulating chain (53) together, and one conveying wheel (52) is driven by a power mechanism to rotate so that the circulating chain (53) is driven in a circulating way; the free end of the front-section rigging (63) is fixed with the circulating chain (53) and is driven forward along with the circulating chain to the bow (12).

4. A chain type ball berthing system as claimed in claim 3, wherein: a reserved rope (54) is fixed on the circulating chain (53), and the reserved rope (54) is quickly fixed or unlocked with the front-section rigging (63) through a lock catch (55); the ship body (1) above the conveying wheel (52) and the circulating chain (53) is provided with a protective shell (51), the protective shell (51) extends downwards from top to bottom to contain the automatic cable feeding device (5) inside, and the reserved rope (54) is arranged on the lower half circle of the circulating chain (53).

5. A chain type ball berthing system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: a rear guide roller assembly (8) is arranged at the edge of a deck of the stern (11), and the rear section rigging (61) is connected and fastened with the rear cable winch (9) after passing through the rear guide roller assembly (8); the front guide roller assembly (3) is arranged at the edge of the deck of the bow (12), and the front section rigging (63) is connected and fastened with the front cable winch (4) after passing through the front guide roller assembly (3).

6. A chain type ball berthing system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the deck of the stern (11) is provided with a crane (2) for hanging the leaning ball (7).

7. A chain type ball berthing system as claimed in claim 6, wherein: chain-type leaning ball berthing systems are uniformly distributed on two sides of the ship body (1) in the length direction, the crane (2) is arranged in the middle of the stern (11) in the width direction of the deck, and two groups of chain-type leaning ball berthing systems share the same crane (2).

8. A chain type ball berthing system as claimed in claim 6, wherein: the two ends of the leaning ball (7) are quickly locked or unlocked with the rear section rigging (61), the middle section rigging (62) or the front section rigging (63) through quick locks, the quick locks at the two ends of the leaning ball (7) are respectively provided with a lifting buckle (72) through a connecting rope (71), and the lifting buckle (72) is positioned in the middle of the two quick locks of the leaning ball (7); the crane (2) lifts the leaning ball (7) through the lifting buckle (72).

9. A method of using the chain-type ball berthing system of claim 6, wherein: the method comprises the following steps:

the laying process of the backing ball (7) during backing is as follows:

the leaning balls (7) on the stern (11) are sequentially connected with each other through middle section rigging (62), the last leaning ball (7) is fixedly connected with a rear stranding machine (9) through rear section rigging (61), the forefront leaning ball (7) is connected with a front section rigging (63), and the free end of the front section rigging (63) is delivered to the bow (12) through an automatic cable delivery device (5) and is connected and fastened with the front stranding machine (4);

the crane (2) works to sequentially hoist the leaning ball (7) on the deck of the stern (11) into water;

the front winch (4) works to winch and tighten the front section rigging (63) until each leaning ball (7) is sequentially close to the side surface of the ship body (1);

the front section rigging (63) and the rear section rigging (61) are respectively fastened, and the berthing state is ready;

the recovery process of the backing ball (7) after backing is as follows:

loosening the front end of the front-stage rigging (63);

the rear winch (9) works, the rear section rigging (61) is twisted to enable each leaning ball (7) and the middle section rigging (62) to gradually approach the stern (11), and the front section rigging (63) is gradually released from the front winch (4);

the crane (2) works, and the leaning ball (7) is sequentially lifted from water to a preset position of the stern (11);

the front section rigging (63) is thrown into the water and retracted by stern (11) personnel.