CN115026233A - Ring forging hydraulic press and control method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of metal processing, in particular to a ring forging hydraulic press and a control method thereof, the ring forging hydraulic press comprises a plunger cylinder, a piston rod and a return oil cylinder, the plunger cylinder comprises a cylinder body and a plunger rod, one end of the plunger rod is inserted into the cylinder body, an upsetting plate is fixed at the end, far away from the cylinder body, of the plunger rod, the telescopic end of the return oil cylinder is connected to the upsetting plate and used for resetting the plunger rod, a piston cavity is formed in the plunger rod, the upper end of the piston rod is inserted into the piston cavity and is divided into a rodless cavity and a rod cavity through a piston head, a pre-punching head is arranged at the lower end of the piston rod, penetrating through the upsetting plate, of the cylinder body and the plunger rod, a pre-punching oil pipe is used for communicating the rodless cavity with the outside, and a piston return oil port communicated with the rod cavity is arranged on the surface of the plunger rod, so that the problems that the number of used equipment is large and the labor intensity of workers is high when the existing ring forging processing equipment is used for processing workpieces are solved, when the invention is used for processing a workpiece, the used equipment quantity is small, the equipment height is low, the mechanical structure is small, and the operation reliability is high.

Description

Ring forging hydraulic press and control method thereof

[ technical field ] A

The invention relates to the technical field of metal processing, in particular to a ring forging hydraulic press and a control method thereof.

[ background of the invention ]

At present, when an annular blank is processed, the blank is heated to a high temperature to be convenient for upsetting processing by a hydraulic press, the blank after upsetting is transferred to another press by the hydraulic press, and a blank placed at the pressing center of the press is subjected to blind hole pre-punching by a pre-punching head of the press.

[ summary of the invention ]

The invention aims to solve the technical problems that the defects in the prior art are overcome, the ring forging hydraulic press is provided, and the problems that the number of used devices is large and the labor intensity is high when the existing ring forging processing equipment is used for processing workpieces are solved.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: the ring forging hydraulic press comprises a plunger cylinder, a piston rod and a return oil cylinder, wherein the plunger cylinder comprises a cylinder body and a plunger rod, one end of the plunger rod is inserted into the cylinder body, an upsetting plate is fixed at one end, far away from the cylinder body, of the plunger rod, the telescopic end of the return oil cylinder is connected to the upsetting plate and used for resetting the plunger rod, a piston cavity is formed in the plunger rod, the upper end of the piston rod is inserted into the piston cavity and is divided into a rodless cavity and a rod cavity through a piston head, a pre-punching head is arranged at the lower end of the piston rod and penetrates through the upsetting plate, the cylinder body and the plunger rod are penetrated through a pre-punching oil pipe, the pre-punching oil pipe is used for communicating the rodless cavity with the outside, and a piston return oil port communicated with the rod cavity is formed in the surface of the plunger rod.

In the ring forging hydraulic press, the upsetting plate comprises a sliding block fixedly connected with the lower end of the plunger rod and an upsetting chopping block arranged on the bottom surface of the sliding block, and the telescopic end of the return oil cylinder is connected with the sliding block.

In the ring forging hydraulic press, the piston head is fixedly sleeved at the position of the piston rod close to the upper end, the lower end of the piston head is positioned between the piston rod and the inner wall of the piston cavity and is provided with the piston guide sleeve, and the rod cavity is formed between the piston head and the piston guide sleeve.

In the ring forging hydraulic press, an oil groove communicated with the rodless cavity is formed in the upper end of the piston rod, the lower end of the preflush oil pipe is inserted into the oil groove to be communicated with the rodless cavity, and when one end of the piston rod is inserted into the piston cavity and is in place, a buffer gap is reserved between the preflush oil pipe and the bottom of the oil groove.

In the ring forging hydraulic press, a through hole for allowing the pre-flushing oil pipe to pass through is formed in the plunger rod, and the pre-flushing oil pipe and the through hole are sealed through an oil isolating guide sleeve.

In the ring forging hydraulic press, a main cavity for accommodating the plunger rod is arranged in the cylinder body, a main cylinder oil inlet communicated with the main cavity is formed in the cylinder body, a pre-flushing groove is formed in the top wall of the plunger rod and/or the main cavity, and the pre-flushing groove is used for being communicated with the main cylinder oil inlet when the plunger rod returns to the place in the main cavity so as to increase the contact surface between oil in the main cylinder oil inlet and the plunger rod.

In the ring forging hydraulic press, the pre-punching groove is a first annular groove and/or a first annular groove formed on the circumferential edge of the upper end of the plunger rod; the center line of the plunger rod is provided with a through hole for allowing the pre-flushing oil pipe to pass through, the pre-flushing oil pipe and the through hole are sealed through an oil separation guide sleeve, a gap is reserved between the oil separation guide sleeve and the upper end face of the plunger rod, and the gap forms the pre-flushing groove.

In the ring forging hydraulic press, the pre-punching groove is a second annular groove formed on the top wall of the main cavity.

In the ring forging hydraulic press, a flow guide channel communicated with the rodless cavity is formed in the pre-flushing oil pipe, a pre-flushing piston oil inlet is formed in the upper end of the flow guide channel and is positioned on the pre-flushing oil pipe, the pre-flushing piston oil inlet is communicated with an oil tank through a first oil circuit, the first oil circuit comprises a first oil outlet pipeline and a first oil inlet pipeline, a second liquid filling valve, a fourth valve and a fifth valve are sequentially arranged on the first oil outlet pipeline, and a seventh valve and a second valve are sequentially arranged on the first oil inlet pipeline;

the cylinder body is provided with a main cylinder oil inlet, the main cylinder oil inlet is communicated with the oil tank through a second oil path, the second oil path comprises a second oil inlet pipeline and a second oil outlet pipeline, a second valve and a sixth valve are arranged on the second oil inlet pipeline, and the second oil outlet pipeline is connected with a first liquid filling valve and a third valve and then communicated with the oil tank through a fifth valve;

the main cylinder return oil cylinder is provided with a main cylinder return oil port, the main cylinder return oil port is connected with the oil tank through a third oil path, the third oil path comprises a third oil inlet path and a third oil outlet path, the third oil inlet path is provided with a first one-way valve, a ninth valve and a first valve, the third oil outlet path is communicated with the oil tank through a first overflow valve and a ninth valve, the first one-way valve is connected with the first overflow valve in parallel, and the first overflow valve is connected with a tenth valve;

the piston return oil port is connected with the oil tank through a fourth oil path, the fourth oil path comprises a fourth oil inlet pipeline and a fourth oil outlet pipeline, the fourth oil inlet pipeline is connected with the first valve through a second one-way valve and an eighth valve, the fourth oil outlet pipeline is communicated with the oil tank through a second overflow valve and the eighth valve, the second one-way valve is connected with the second overflow valve in parallel, the first valve and the second valve are connected with a first oil pump motor, and the third valve, the fourth valve and the fifth valve are connected with the second oil pump motor.

The control method of the ring forging hydraulic machine comprises the following stages:

and (3) quickly descending the upsetting plate: the tenth valve is electrified, the first overflow valve loses the supporting function, the self weight of the upsetting plate descends, the volume of the cylinder body is increased, the first liquid filling valve is passively opened under the vacuum action, the return oil cylinder discharges oil through the ninth valve, at the moment, the volume of the rodless cavity is also increased as the piston rod descends along with the plunger rod, and the second liquid filling valve is passively opened under the vacuum action to absorb oil;

and (3) a plunger cylinder pressing stage: when the tenth valve is powered off, the first overflow valve is supported again, the second valve and the sixth valve are powered on, the first oil pump motor drives the oil pump to move downwards to an inner oil supply plunger rod of the cylinder body, the return oil cylinder discharges oil through the first overflow valve and the ninth valve, at the moment, the volume of the rodless cavity is still increased, and the second liquid filling valve is opened passively to absorb oil under the action of vacuum;

a piston rod descending stage: at the moment, the plunger cylinder stops, the second valve and the sixth valve lose power, the second liquid filling valve is closed, the first valve and the seventh valve are powered on, the first oil pump motor drives the oil pump to supply oil to the rodless cavity, the piston rod drives the pre-flushing head to move downwards, and the rod cavity discharges oil through the second overflow valve;

a piston rod return stage: when the seventh valve is powered off, the first valve and the eighth valve are powered on, the first oil pump motor drives the oil pump to supply oil to the rod cavity through the second one-way valve and the eighth valve, the piston rod moves upwards in a reset mode, the fourth valve and the fifth valve are powered on, the second oil pump motor drives the oil pump to actively open the second liquid filling valve, and the rodless cavity discharges oil through the second liquid filling valve;

plunger cylinder return stroke stage: at the moment, the piston rod returns to the right position, the eighth valve is powered off, the first valve and the ninth valve are powered on, the first oil pump motor drives the oil pump to supply oil to the return oil cylinder through the first one-way valve and the ninth valve, the third valve and the fifth valve are powered on, the second oil pump motor drives the oil pump to actively open the first liquid filling valve, the plunger cylinder discharges oil through the first liquid filling valve, meanwhile, the volume of the rodless cavity is reduced simultaneously when the piston rod returns, the fourth valve is powered on at the moment, the second liquid filling valve is maintained in an open state, and the rodless cavity discharges oil through the second liquid filling valve simultaneously, so that the piston rod and the piston rod are in relative rest positions.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

including plunger cylinder, piston rod and return stroke hydro-cylinder, the plunger cylinder includes that cylinder body and one end are inserted and are established the plunger rod in the cylinder body, the one end that the cylinder body was kept away from to the plunger rod is fixed with the upset board, the flexible end of return stroke hydro-cylinder is connected in order to be used for on the upset board the reseing of plunger rod, be formed with the piston chamber in the plunger rod, the upper end of piston rod is inserted and is located in the piston chamber to will through the piston head the piston chamber is cut apart into no pole chamber and has the pole chamber, the lower extreme of piston rod runs through the upset board is equipped with the preflush head, the cylinder body with the plunger rod is run through by preflush oil pipe, preflush oil pipe be used for with no pole chamber and external intercommunication, plunger rod surface is equipped with the intercommunication there is the piston hydraulic fluid port return stroke in pole chamber.

According to the invention, the piston cavity is arranged in the plunger rod of the plunger cylinder, the piston rod is integrated in the plunger rod, the plunger rod is used for replacing a cylinder body of the piston rod, the plunger rod can be used for moving downwards to upset a workpiece when the workpiece is upset, after the upset is finished, a pre-punching oil pipe arranged in the cylinder body is used for supplying oil to the rodless cavity of the piston rod to drive the piston rod to descend, and then the pre-punching blind hole operation is carried out on the workpiece by using the pre-punching head at the lower end of the piston rod, so that equipment for upsetting the workpiece and pre-punching the blind hole operation is integrated, the equipment integration level is high, the size is smaller, the workpiece does not need to be transferred to another press for pre-punching the blind hole after the workpiece is upset, and the manual labor intensity is reduced.

According to the invention, the piston rod descends, oil is fed through the pre-flushing oil pipe by using the rodless cavity, the pre-flushing oil pipe is arranged in the cylinder body and discharges oil through the piston return oil port arranged on the piston rod, the diameter of a moving pipeline of the piston rod is small, the sealing reliability is higher, and the running stability of equipment is higher.

According to the invention, the piston cylinder is integrated in the plunger rod, the downward movement of the plunger rod and the downward movement of the plunger rod can synchronously act, so that the upsetting plate and the pre-punching head can be synchronously driven to descend in one-time pressing process, the processing of two procedures of upsetting and pre-punching blind holes is synchronously completed, and the processing efficiency of workpieces is effectively improved.

In a further scheme, the upsetting plate comprises a sliding block fixedly connected with the lower end of the plunger rod and an upsetting chopping block arranged on the bottom surface of the sliding block, and the telescopic end of the return oil cylinder is connected with the sliding block. The slider is convenient for connect the return stroke hydro-cylinder, increases the self weight of upsetting plate simultaneously to the upsetting chopping block is down fast under self weight.

In a further scheme, the piston head is fixedly sleeved at the position, close to the upper end, of the piston rod, a piston guide sleeve is arranged at the lower end of the piston head and is positioned between the piston rod and the inner wall of the piston cavity, and the rod cavity is formed between the piston head and the piston guide sleeve. The piston guide sleeve is convenient for improving the sealing performance of the piston rod when the piston rod slides in the piston cavity.

In a further scheme, an oil groove communicated with the rodless cavity is formed in the upper end of the piston rod, the lower end of the pre-flushing oil pipe is inserted into the oil groove to be communicated with the rodless cavity, and when one end of the piston rod is inserted into the piston cavity and is in place, a buffering gap is reserved between the pre-flushing oil pipe and the bottom of the oil groove. The oil groove is convenient to store the pre-flushing oil pipe, so that the height of the whole equipment is reduced, the condition that the whole height of the equipment is larger when a solid plunger rod is abutted against a pre-flushing oil cylinder is avoided, the arrangement of a buffer gap at the bottom of the oil groove aims to increase the contact surface of oil in the pre-flushing oil pipe and the oil groove, so that when an external oil pump inputs the oil into a rodless cavity through the pre-flushing oil pipe, the oil can quickly flow into the rodless cavity through the buffer gap and drives the piston rod to descend by extruding a piston head, so that the aim that the piston rod quickly acts under the oil pressure driving of the oil pump is fulfilled, meanwhile, due to the arrangement of the buffer gap, the oil outlet at the lower end of the pre-flushing oil pipe is prevented from being blocked by the plunger rod, when the piston rod is driven to descend, the oil pump needs to firstly push against the bottom of the oil groove through the pre-flushing oil pipe, so that a gap is generated between the bottom of the oil groove and the oil outlet at the lower end of the pre-flushing oil pipe, fluid could enter into no rod intracavity through the clearance, and fluid top touches the piston rod and stretches out this moment, need fill the no rod chamber after the clearance earlier and just can extrude the piston head action and make the piston rod descend, and this fluid is full of the in-process in no rod chamber from the clearance packing, can lead to the piston rod to stretch out the condition that the action briefly stops appearing, influences stretching out fast of piston rod, consequently takes place the problem of pausing through setting up the buffer gap in order to solve the piston rod and stretch out the action.

In a further scheme, a through hole for allowing the pre-flushing oil pipe to penetrate through is formed in the plunger rod, and the pre-flushing oil pipe and the through hole are sealed through an oil isolating guide sleeve. The oil separation guide sleeve is arranged to prevent oil in the plunger cylinder from flowing into a rodless cavity of the piston rod through the through hole.

In a further scheme, a main cavity for accommodating the plunger rod is arranged in the cylinder body, a main cylinder oil inlet communicated with the main cavity is formed in the cylinder body, a pre-flushing groove is formed in the top wall of the plunger rod and/or the main cavity, and the pre-flushing groove is used for being communicated with the main cylinder oil inlet when the plunger rod returns in place in the main cavity so as to enlarge a contact surface between oil in the main cylinder oil inlet and the plunger rod. The contact surface between the oil and the plunger rod is increased through the pre-punching groove, so that the stress surface in the unit area of the plunger rod is increased, the plunger rod is conveniently and quickly extruded to extend out of the cylinder body through the output oil in the oil inlet of the main cylinder, meanwhile, due to the arrangement of the pre-punching groove, the oil in the oil inlet of the main cylinder can also remain in the pre-punching groove, the lubrication of the extension of the plunger rod is facilitated, and the moving friction force of the plunger rod in the cylinder body is reduced.

In a further scheme, the pre-punching groove is a first annular groove and/or a first annular groove formed on the circumferential edge of the upper end of the plunger rod; the center line of the plunger rod is provided with a through hole for allowing the pre-flushing oil pipe to pass through, the pre-flushing oil pipe and the through hole are sealed through an oil separation guide sleeve, a gap is reserved between the oil separation guide sleeve and the upper end face of the plunger rod, and the gap forms the pre-flushing groove. The first annular groove is arranged at the upper end edge of the plunger cylinder, so that the contact force bearing surface of oil and the plunger rod is increased, the contact friction force of the plunger rod in the main cavity is reduced, the pre-flushing groove can be formed by a gap between the oil separation sleeve and the upper end of the plunger rod, the effect of increasing the contact force bearing surface of the plunger rod in unit area with the oil is achieved, meanwhile, the gap is communicated with an oil inlet of the main cylinder, so that the oil can lubricate the plunger rod and the pre-flushing oil pipe, when the first annular groove and the gap are synchronously arranged, the friction force of the plunger rod in the cylinder can be reduced to the maximum degree, and the plunger rod can be conveniently moved to extend.

In a further aspect, the pre-flush groove is a second annular groove formed in the top wall of the main cavity. The pre-flushing groove is arranged in the cylinder body, so that the contact stress surface of the plunger rod in unit area with oil can be increased.

According to a further scheme, a flow guide channel communicated with the rodless cavity is formed in the pre-flushing oil pipe, a pre-flushing piston oil inlet is formed in the position, located on the pre-flushing oil pipe, of the upper end of the flow guide channel, the pre-flushing piston oil inlet is communicated with an oil tank through a first oil circuit, the first oil circuit comprises a first oil outlet pipeline and a first oil inlet pipeline, a second liquid filling valve, a fourth valve and a fifth valve are sequentially arranged on the first oil outlet pipeline, and a seventh valve and a second valve are sequentially arranged on the first oil inlet pipeline;

the cylinder body is provided with a main cylinder oil inlet, the main cylinder oil inlet is communicated with the oil tank through a second oil path, the second oil path comprises a second oil inlet pipeline and a second oil outlet pipeline, a second valve and a sixth valve are arranged on the second oil inlet pipeline, and the second oil outlet pipeline is connected with a first liquid filling valve and a third valve and then communicated with the oil tank through a fifth valve;

the main cylinder return oil cylinder is provided with a main cylinder return oil port, the main cylinder return oil port is connected with the oil tank through a third oil path, the third oil path comprises a third oil inlet path and a third oil outlet path, the third oil inlet path is provided with a first one-way valve, a ninth valve and a first valve, the third oil outlet path is communicated with the oil tank through a first overflow valve and a ninth valve, the first one-way valve is connected with the first overflow valve in parallel, and the first overflow valve is connected with a tenth valve;

the piston return oil port is connected with the oil tank through a fourth oil path, the fourth oil path comprises a fourth oil inlet pipeline and a fourth oil outlet pipeline, the fourth oil inlet pipeline is connected with the first valve through a second one-way valve and an eighth valve, the fourth oil outlet pipeline is communicated with the oil tank through a second overflow valve and the eighth valve, the second one-way valve is connected with the second overflow valve in parallel, the first valve and the second valve are connected with a first oil pump motor, and the third valve, the fourth valve and the fifth valve are connected with the second oil pump motor.

The control method of the ring forging hydraulic machine comprises the following stages:

and (3) quickly descending the upsetting plate: the tenth valve is electrified, the first overflow valve loses the supporting function, the self weight of the upsetting plate descends, the volume of the cylinder body is increased, the first liquid filling valve is opened passively under the vacuum action, the return oil cylinder discharges oil through the ninth valve, at the moment, the volume of the rodless cavity is also increased as the piston rod descends along with the plunger rod, and the second liquid filling valve is opened passively under the vacuum action to absorb oil;

and (3) a plunger cylinder pressing stage: when the tenth valve is powered off, the first overflow valve is supported again, the second valve and the sixth valve are powered on, the first oil pump motor drives the oil pump to move downwards to an inner oil supply plunger rod of the cylinder body, the return oil cylinder discharges oil through the first overflow valve and the ninth valve, at the moment, the volume of the rodless cavity is still increased, and the second liquid filling valve is opened passively to absorb oil under the action of vacuum;

a piston rod descending stage: at the moment, the plunger cylinder stops, the second valve and the sixth valve lose power, the second liquid filling valve is closed, the first valve and the seventh valve are powered on, the first oil pump motor drives the oil pump to supply oil to the rodless cavity, the piston rod drives the pre-flushing head to move downwards, and the rod cavity discharges oil through the second overflow valve;

a piston rod return stage: when the seventh valve is powered off, the first valve and the eighth valve are powered on, the first oil pump motor drives the oil pump to supply oil to the rod cavity through the second one-way valve and the eighth valve, the piston rod moves upwards in a reset mode, the fourth valve and the fifth valve are powered on, the second oil pump motor drives the oil pump to actively open the second liquid filling valve, and the rodless cavity discharges oil through the second liquid filling valve;

plunger cylinder return stroke stage: at the moment, the piston rod returns to the right position, the eighth valve is powered off, the first valve and the ninth valve are powered on, the first oil pump motor drives the oil pump to supply oil to the return oil cylinder through the first one-way valve and the ninth valve, the third valve and the fifth valve are powered on, the second oil pump motor drives the oil pump to actively open the first liquid filling valve, the plunger cylinder discharges oil through the first liquid filling valve, meanwhile, the volume of the rodless cavity is reduced simultaneously when the piston rod returns, the fourth valve is powered on at the moment, the second liquid filling valve is maintained in an open state, and the rodless cavity discharges oil through the second liquid filling valve simultaneously, so that the piston rod and the piston rod are in relative rest positions. In the stage, the piston rod and the plunger rod return synchronously and are relatively static, so that the return time of the device is greatly shortened, and the efficient operation of the device is facilitated.

These features and advantages of the present invention will be disclosed in more detail in the following detailed description and the accompanying drawings.

[ description of the drawings ]

The invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings:

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of the configuration of a ring forging hydraulic machine according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a sectional view of the ring forging hydraulic press according to the embodiment of the present invention.

Reference numerals:

100 cylinder bodies, 110 master cylinder oil inlets, 120 pre-punching grooves and 121 gaps;

200 plunger rods, 201 piston return oil ports, 210 piston cavities, 211 rodless cavities, 212 rod cavities, 220 piston heads, 230 piston guide sleeves, 240 upsetting plates, 241 sliding blocks and 242 upsetting cutting plates;

300 pre-flushing an oil pipe, 310 pre-flushing a piston oil inlet;

the 400 piston rod, the 410 pre-punch, the 420 oil groove and the 421 buffer clearance;

500 oil separation guide sleeves;

a return oil cylinder 600, a return cylinder body 601, a return plunger rod 602 and a return oil port of a main cylinder 610;

y1 first valve, Y2 second valve, third valve Y3, fourth valve Y4, fifth valve Y5, second valve Y7, seventh valve Y8, ninth valve Y9, tenth valve Y10;

2 a first overflow valve, 3 a second overflow valve, 4 a first one-way valve, 5 a second one-way valve, 6 a first oil pump motor, 7 a second oil pump motor, cf1 a first liquid filling valve, cf2 a second liquid filling valve.

[ detailed description ] embodiments

The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention are explained and illustrated below with reference to the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention, but the following embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the implementation, other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without any creative effort belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", and the like, indicate orientations and positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be considered as limiting the present invention.

Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "a plurality" means two or more unless explicitly defined otherwise.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.

In the present invention, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the recitation of a first feature "on" or "under" a second feature may include the recitation of the first and second features being in direct contact, and may also include the recitation that the first and second features are not in direct contact, but are in contact via another feature between them. Also, the first feature being "on," "above" and "over" the second feature includes the first feature being directly on and obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicating that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature includes the first feature being directly under and obliquely below the second feature, or simply meaning that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.

Referring to fig. 1, the ring forging hydraulic press according to the embodiment of the present invention includes a plunger cylinder, a piston rod 400 and a return cylinder 600, the plunger cylinder includes a cylinder body 100, a main cavity is disposed in the cylinder body 100, an upper end of the piston rod 200 is inserted into the main cavity, a slider 241 is fixedly connected to a lower end of the piston rod 200, an upsetting anvil 242 is disposed at a center of a bottom surface of the slider 241, a main cylinder oil inlet 110 communicated with the main cavity is disposed at an upper end of the cylinder body 100, oil flows into the main cavity through the main cavity oil inlet to push the piston rod 200 to extend out from the cylinder body 100, the slider 241 and the upsetting anvil 242 are driven to descend when the piston rod 200 descends, two return cylinders 600 are disposed at two sides of the upsetting anvil 242, the return cylinders 600 are plunger cylinders 600, the return cylinders 600 include a cylinder body 601 and a return plunger 602 inserted at an upper end of the return cylinder 601, an upper end of the return plunger 602 is connected with the slider 241, the lower end of the return cylinder body 601 is provided with a main cylinder return oil port 610 to be connected with an external oil pump, the return cylinder 600 is used for pushing the sliding block 241 to move upwards so as to reset the plunger rod 200 of the plunger cylinder, a piston cavity 210 is formed between the lower end inside the plunger rod 200 and the sliding block 241, the upper end of the plunger rod 400 is correspondingly inserted in the piston cavity 210, the upper end of the plunger rod 400 is fixedly sleeved with a piston head 220, the piston cavity 210 is divided into an upper space and a lower space by the piston head 220, the upper end is a rodless cavity 211, the lower end is a rod cavity 212, the lower end of the plunger rod 200 is provided with a penetrating sliding block 241 and an upsetting 242 pre-punching head 410, the upper end of the plunger rod 400 is provided with an oil groove 420, a pre-punching oil pipe 300 penetrates through the oil groove 420, the upper end of the pre-punching cylinder sequentially penetrates through the plunger rod 200 and the cylinder body 100 to form a pre-punching piston oil inlet 310 on the surface of the cylinder body 100, and the oil can flow into a flow guide channel in the pre-punching oil pipe 300 through the pre-punching piston cutting board 310, then the oil passes through the oil groove 420 to enter the rodless cavity 211, the piston rod 400 is driven to descend by extruding the piston head 220, a piston return oil port 201 communicated with the rod cavity 212 is arranged on the surface of the corresponding piston rod 200, when the piston rod 400 descends, the volume of the rodless cavity 211 is increased, the volume of the rod cavity 212 is decreased, and oil is discharged through the piston return oil port 201.

In this embodiment, the slide block 241 and the upsetting anvil 242 are provided with through holes therein, so that the pre-punch 410 is driven by the piston rod 400 to extend out from the bottom surface of the upsetting anvil 242, thereby performing a pre-punching operation on the blank.

In this embodiment, the plunger rod 200 is sealed with the lower end of the inner wall of the main cavity by the main cylinder guide, the piston guide 230 is arranged at the lower end of the piston head 220 on the inner walls of the piston rod 400 and the piston cavity 210, the piston guide 230 is used for sealing the piston cavity 210, and a rod cavity 212 is formed between the piston guide 230 and the piston head 220.

In this embodiment, referring to fig. 1, the oil groove 420 is convenient for accommodating the pre-flushing oil pipe 300, and further reduces the overall height of the device, and when the solid plunger rod 200 is prevented from abutting against the pre-flushing oil cylinder, the overall height of the device is increased, and when one end of the plunger rod 400 is inserted into the plunger cavity 210 and is in place, a buffer gap 421 is left between the pre-flushing oil pipe 300 and the bottom of the oil groove 420, and the setting of the buffer gap 421 increases the contact surface between the oil in the pre-flushing oil pipe 300 and the oil groove 420, so that when an external oil pump inputs the oil into the rodless cavity 211 through the pre-flushing oil pipe 300, the oil can quickly flow into the rodless cavity 211 through the buffer gap 421, and the plunger rod 400 is driven to descend by squeezing the plunger head 220, so as to achieve the purpose that the plunger rod 400 rapidly moves under the oil pressure driving of the oil pump.

Meanwhile, due to the arrangement of the buffer gap 421, the oil outlet at the lower end of the pre-flushing oil pipe 300 is also prevented from being blocked by the plunger rod 200, when the oil pump drives the piston rod 400 to descend, the oil needs to firstly contact the bottom of the oil groove 420 through the top of the pre-flushing oil pipe 300, so that a gap is generated between the bottom of the oil groove 420 and the oil outlet at the lower end of the pre-flushing oil pipe 300, the oil can enter the rodless cavity 211 through the gap, the oil at the moment contacts the top of the piston rod 400 to stretch out, the rodless cavity 211 is firstly filled with the oil through the gap to extrude the piston head 220 to descend the piston rod 400, and the oil can cause the piston rod 400 to stretch out to temporarily stop in the process of filling the rodless cavity 211 from the gap, so that the quick stretching out of the piston rod 400 is influenced, and the problem of pause in the stretching action of the piston rod 400 is solved by arranging the buffer gap 421.

In this embodiment, referring to fig. 2, in order to facilitate an external oil pump to input oil into the cylinder body 100 through the master cylinder oil inlet 110 so as to enable the plunger rod 200 to rapidly extend out of the cylinder body 100, a pre-flushing groove 120 is disposed on the plunger rod 200, and the pre-flushing groove 120 is used for maintaining communication with the master cylinder oil inlet 110 when the plunger rod 200 returns to a proper position, so that the pre-flushing groove 120 can be filled with the oil, and further, when the oil pump supplies oil to the main cavity through the master cylinder oil inlet 110, the pressure contact surface of the oil to the plunger cylinder is increased by using the pre-flushing groove 120, so as to facilitate rapidly pushing the plunger rod 200 to extend out under the action of oil pressure.

Specifically, referring to fig. 2 (in fig. 2, the gap 121 is not communicated with the main cylinder oil inlet 110, but only the first annular groove is communicated with the main cylinder oil inlet 110), the pre-flushing groove 120 is the first annular groove formed in the circumferential edge of the upper end of the plunger rod 200, which not only can increase the contact force-bearing surface between the plunger rod 200 and the oil, and facilitate the plunger rod 200 to extend out quickly, but also the first annular groove is formed in the edge of the upper end of the plunger rod 200, so that the oil can contact with the inner wall of the main cavity of the cylinder body 100, and the contact friction force of the plunger rod 200 in the main cavity is reduced.

In this embodiment, through holes are formed at the penetrating positions of the plunger rod 200 and the cylinder body 100 corresponding to the pre-flush oil pipe 300, and the plunger rod 200 and the through holes are sealed by the oil isolating guide sleeve 500, so as to prevent oil in the plunger cylinder from flowing into the rodless cavity 211 of the piston rod 400 through the through holes.

Based on the above embodiments, in this embodiment, the pre-flushing groove 120 may also be formed by leaving a gap 121 between the oil-isolating guide sleeve 500 and the upper end surface of the plunger rod 200, the gap 121 is communicated with the oil inlet 110 of the master cylinder, and the oil is distributed on the oil-isolating guide sleeve 500, which may have an effect of increasing a contact force-bearing surface of the plunger rod 200 with the oil in a unit area, so that the high pressure output by the oil pump can quickly push the piston rod 400 to extend out, and simultaneously, due to the existence of the gap 121, the oil lubricates the plunger rod 200 and the pre-flushing oil pipe 300, and further, when the plunger rod 200 extends out from the cylinder body 100, the friction between the plunger rod 200 and the pre-flushing oil pipe 300 is relieved, so that when the plunger rod 200 extends out, the friction force generated when the plunger rod 200 moves in the cylinder body 100 is reduced.

In the above embodiment, when the clearance 121 and the first annular groove are synchronously arranged, the pressure surface of the oil acting on the upper end of the plunger rod 200 is effectively increased, so that the plunger rod 200 can rapidly extend out, and meanwhile, the abrasion of the plunger cylinder is reduced to the greatest extent, and the plunger cylinder is effectively protected.

In this embodiment, the pre-flushing groove 120 is an annular groove, which is beneficial to regular distribution of oil at the upper end of the plunger cylinder, so that pressure at each part of the upper end of the plunger rod 200 is uniformly distributed in an annular shape, and when the oil pump applies pressure to the plunger cylinder through the main cylinder oil inlet 110 to push the plunger cylinder to extend out of the cylinder body 100, the annular groove is used to keep the cylinder body 100 to stably axially extend out, thereby avoiding the problem that the pre-flushing groove 120 is not uniformly distributed on the plunger cylinder, and radial offset force is generated during extension of the plunger cylinder to influence stable extension of the plunger rod 200.

Based on the above embodiment, the pre-flush groove 120 may also be a second annular groove provided on the top wall of the master cylinder, which may be used together with the first annular groove, or may be a second annular groove instead of the first annular groove to achieve the above effects.

In this embodiment, referring to fig. 1, the preflush piston oil inlet 310 is communicated with the oil tank through a first oil path, the first oil path includes a first oil outlet line and a first oil inlet line, the first oil outlet line is sequentially provided with a second liquid filling valve CF2, a fourth valve Y4 and a fifth valve Y5, and the first oil inlet line is sequentially provided with a seventh valve Y7 and a second valve Y2.

The main cylinder oil inlet 110 is communicated with the oil tank through a second oil path, the second oil path comprises a second oil inlet pipeline and a second oil outlet pipeline, a second valve Y2 and a sixth valve Y6 are arranged on the second oil inlet pipeline, the second oil outlet pipeline is connected with a first liquid filling valve CF1 and a third valve Y3 and then communicated with the oil tank through a fifth valve Y5, a main cylinder return oil port 610 is connected with the oil tank through a third oil path, the third oil path comprises a third oil inlet pipeline and a third oil outlet pipeline, a first check valve 4, a ninth valve Y9 and a first valve Y1 are arranged on the third oil inlet pipeline, the third oil outlet pipeline is communicated with the oil tank through a first overflow valve 2 and a ninth valve Y9, wherein the first check valve 4 is connected with the first overflow valve 2 in parallel, and the first overflow valve 2 is connected with a tenth valve Y10.

The piston return oil port 201 is connected with the oil tank through a fourth oil path, the fourth oil path comprises a fourth oil inlet pipeline and a fourth oil outlet pipeline, the fourth oil inlet pipeline is connected with the first valve Y1 through a second one-way valve 5 and an eighth valve Y8, the fourth oil outlet pipeline is communicated with the oil tank through a second overflow valve 3 and an eighth valve Y8, the second one-way valve 5 is connected with the second overflow valve 3 in parallel, the first valve Y1 and the second valve Y2 are connected with the first oil pump motor 6, and the third valve Y3, the fourth valve Y4 and the fifth valve Y5 are connected with the second oil pump motor 7.

Specifically, the workpiece blank may be placed at the lower end of the upsetting anvil 242, and then the following processing stages are sequentially performed:

heading plate 240 fast-down stage: the tenth valve Y10 is electrified, the first overflow valve 2 loses the support function, the self weight of the upsetting plate 240 descends, the volume of a main cavity in the cylinder body 100 is increased, the first liquid filling valve CF1 is passively opened under the action of vacuum, the return oil cylinder 600 discharges oil through the ninth valve Y9, at the moment, the volume of the rodless cavity 211 is also increased as the piston rod 400 descends along with the plunger rod 200, and the second liquid filling valve CF2 is passively opened under the action of vacuum to suck oil.

And (3) a plunger cylinder pressing stage: when the tenth valve Y10 is powered off, the first overflow valve 2 is restored to support, the second valve Y2 and the sixth valve Y6 are powered on, the first oil pump motor 6 drives the oil pump to move downwards to the inner oil supply plunger rod 200 of the cylinder body 100, the plunger rod 200 moves downwards to drive the slider 241 and the upsetting chopping board 242 to punch and form the blank, the return oil cylinder 600 discharges oil through the first overflow valve 2 and the ninth valve Y9, at the moment, the volume of the rodless cavity 211 is still increased, and the second liquid filling valve CF2 is still passively opened by the action of vacuum to absorb oil.

The piston rod 400 goes down: at the moment, the plunger cylinder stops, the second valve Y2 and the sixth valve Y6 lose power, meanwhile, the second liquid filling valve CF2 is closed, the first valve Y1 and the seventh valve Y7 are powered on, the first oil pump motor 6 drives the oil pump to supply oil to the rodless cavity 211, the piston rod 400 drives the pre-punching head to move downwards and pre-punch the blind hole of the workpiece, and the rod cavity 212 discharges oil through the second overflow valve 3.

Return phase of the piston rod 400: the seventh valve Y7 is de-energized, the first valve Y1 and the eighth valve Y8 are energized, the first oil pump motor 6 drives the oil pump to supply oil to the rod cavity 212 through the second one-way valve 5 and the eighth valve Y8, the piston rod 400 moves upwards in a resetting mode, the fourth valve Y4 and the fifth valve Y5 are energized, the second oil pump motor 7 drives the oil pump to actively open the second liquid charging valve CF2, and the rodless cavity 211 discharges oil through the second liquid charging valve CF 2.

Plunger cylinder return stroke stage: at the moment, the piston rod 400 returns to the right position, the eighth valve Y8 loses power, the first valve Y1 and the ninth valve Y9 are powered on, the first oil pump motor 6 drives the oil pump to supply oil to the return oil cylinder 600 through the first check valve 4 and the ninth valve Y9, the third valve Y3 and the fifth valve Y5 are electrified, the second oil pump motor 7 drives the oil pump to actively open the first liquid charging valve CF1, the plunger cylinder discharges oil through the first liquid charging valve CF1, meanwhile, the volume of the rodless cavity 211 is simultaneously reduced when the plunger rod 200 returns, the fourth valve Y4 needs to be electrified, the second liquid filling valve CF2 is maintained in an opening state, the rodless chamber 211 is simultaneously drained of oil through a second prefill valve, CF2, to allow for the relative rest position of the piston rod 400 with respect to the piston rod 200, in this stage, the piston rod 400 and the plunger rod 200 return synchronously and are relatively static, so that the return time of the device is greatly shortened, and the efficient operation of the device is facilitated.

While the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims. Any modification which does not depart from the functional and structural principles of the present invention is intended to be included within the scope of the claims.

Claims (10)

1. The ring forging hydraulic press is characterized by comprising a plunger cylinder, a piston rod and a return oil cylinder, wherein the plunger cylinder comprises a cylinder body and a plunger rod, one end of the plunger rod is inserted into the cylinder body, an upsetting plate is fixed at one end, far away from the cylinder body, of the plunger rod, the telescopic end of the return oil cylinder is connected to the upsetting plate and used for resetting the plunger rod, a piston cavity is formed in the plunger rod, the upper end of the piston rod is inserted into the piston cavity and is divided into a rodless cavity and a rod cavity through a piston head, a pre-punching head is arranged at the lower end of the piston rod and penetrates through the upsetting plate, a pre-punching oil pipe penetrates through the cylinder body and the plunger rod, the pre-punching oil pipe is used for communicating the rodless cavity with the outside, and a piston return oil port communicated with the rod cavity is formed in the surface of the plunger rod.

2. The ring forging hydraulic machine as claimed in claim 1, wherein the upsetting plate comprises a sliding block fixedly connected with the lower end of the plunger rod and an upsetting chopping block arranged on the bottom surface of the sliding block, and the telescopic end of the return oil cylinder is connected with the sliding block.

3. The ring forging hydraulic machine as recited in claim 1, wherein the piston head is fixedly sleeved on the piston rod near the upper end, a piston guide sleeve is arranged at the lower end of the piston head between the piston rod and the inner wall of the piston cavity, and the rod cavity is formed between the piston head and the piston guide sleeve.

4. The ring forging hydraulic machine according to claim 1, wherein an oil groove communicating with the rodless cavity is formed at the upper end of the piston rod, the lower end of the preflush oil pipe is inserted into the oil groove to communicate with the rodless cavity, and when one end of the piston rod is inserted into the piston cavity and is in place, a buffer gap is left between the preflush oil pipe and the bottom of the oil groove.

5. The ring forging hydraulic machine according to claim 1, wherein a through hole for accommodating the pre-flushing oil pipe to pass through is formed in the plunger rod, and the pre-flushing oil pipe and the through hole are sealed through an oil separation guide sleeve.

6. The ring forging hydraulic machine as claimed in claim 1, wherein a main cavity for accommodating the plunger rod is arranged in the cylinder body, a main cylinder oil inlet communicated with the main cavity is arranged on the cylinder body, and a pre-flushing groove is formed on the top wall of the plunger rod and/or the main cavity and is used for communicating with the main cylinder oil inlet when the plunger rod returns to a position in the main cavity so as to increase the contact surface between oil in the main cylinder oil inlet and the plunger rod.

7. The hydraulic ring forging press as recited in claim 6, wherein the pre-punching groove is a first annular groove formed on the circumferential edge of the upper end of the plunger rod and/or; the center line of the plunger rod is provided with a through hole for allowing the pre-flushing oil pipe to pass through, the pre-flushing oil pipe and the through hole are sealed through an oil separation guide sleeve, a gap is reserved between the oil separation guide sleeve and the upper end face of the plunger rod, and the gap forms the pre-flushing groove.

8. The ring forging hydraulic machine as recited in claim 6, wherein the pre-punch groove is a second annular groove formed in the top wall of the main cavity.

9. The ring forging hydraulic machine according to claim 1, wherein a flow guide channel communicated with the rodless cavity is formed in the pre-flushing oil pipe, the upper end of the flow guide channel is positioned on the pre-flushing oil pipe to form a pre-flushing piston oil inlet, the pre-flushing piston oil inlet is communicated with an oil tank through a first oil path, the first oil path comprises a first oil outlet pipeline and a first oil inlet pipeline, a second liquid filling valve, a fourth valve and a fifth valve are sequentially arranged on the first oil outlet pipeline, and a seventh valve and a second valve are sequentially arranged on the first oil inlet pipeline;

the cylinder body is provided with a main cylinder oil inlet, the main cylinder oil inlet is communicated with the oil tank through a second oil path, the second oil path comprises a second oil inlet pipeline and a second oil outlet pipeline, a second valve and a sixth valve are arranged on the second oil inlet pipeline, and the second oil outlet pipeline is connected with a first liquid filling valve and a third valve and then communicated with the oil tank through a fifth valve;

a main cylinder return oil port is arranged on the main cylinder return oil cylinder and connected with the oil tank through a third oil path, the third oil path comprises a third oil inlet pipeline and a third oil outlet pipeline, a first check valve, a ninth valve and a first valve are arranged on the third oil inlet pipeline, the third oil outlet pipeline is communicated with the oil tank through a first overflow valve and a ninth valve, the first check valve is connected with the first overflow valve in parallel, and the first overflow valve is connected with a tenth valve;

the piston return oil port is connected with the oil tank through a fourth oil path, the fourth oil path comprises a fourth oil inlet pipeline and a fourth oil outlet pipeline, the fourth oil inlet pipeline is connected with the first valve through a second one-way valve and an eighth valve, the fourth oil outlet pipeline is communicated with the oil tank through a second overflow valve and the eighth valve, the second one-way valve is connected with the second overflow valve in parallel, the first valve and the second valve are connected with a first oil pump motor, and the third valve, the fourth valve and the fifth valve are connected with the second oil pump motor.

10. Method for controlling a ring forging hydraulic machine, according to claim 9, comprising the phases of:

and (3) quickly descending the upsetting plate: the tenth valve is electrified, the first overflow valve loses the supporting function, the self weight of the upsetting plate descends, the volume of the cylinder body is increased, the first liquid filling valve is opened passively under the vacuum action, the return oil cylinder discharges oil through the ninth valve, at the moment, the volume of the rodless cavity is also increased as the piston rod descends along with the plunger rod, and the second liquid filling valve is opened passively under the vacuum action to absorb oil;

and (3) a plunger cylinder pressing stage: when the tenth valve is powered off, the first overflow valve is supported again, the second valve and the sixth valve are powered on, the first oil pump motor drives the oil pump to move downwards to an inner oil supply plunger rod of the cylinder body, the return oil cylinder discharges oil through the first overflow valve and the ninth valve, at the moment, the volume of the rodless cavity is still increased, and the second liquid filling valve is opened passively to absorb oil under the action of vacuum;

a piston rod descending stage: at the moment, the plunger cylinder stops, the second valve and the sixth valve lose power, the second liquid filling valve is closed, the first valve and the seventh valve are powered on, the first oil pump motor drives the oil pump to supply oil to the rodless cavity, the piston rod drives the pre-flushing head to move downwards, and the rod cavity discharges oil through the second overflow valve;

a piston rod return stage: when the seventh valve is powered off, the first valve and the eighth valve are powered on, the first oil pump motor drives the oil pump to supply oil to the rod cavity through the second one-way valve and the eighth valve, the piston rod moves upwards in a reset mode, the fourth valve and the fifth valve are powered on, the second oil pump motor drives the oil pump to actively open the second liquid filling valve, and the rodless cavity discharges oil through the second liquid filling valve;

plunger cylinder return stroke stage: at the moment, the piston rod returns to the right position, the eighth valve is powered off, the first valve and the ninth valve are powered on, the first oil pump motor drives the oil pump to supply oil to the return oil cylinder through the first one-way valve and the ninth valve, the third valve and the fifth valve are powered on, the second oil pump motor drives the oil pump to actively open the first liquid filling valve, the plunger cylinder discharges oil through the first liquid filling valve, meanwhile, the volume of the rodless cavity is reduced simultaneously when the piston rod returns, the fourth valve is powered on at the moment, the second liquid filling valve is maintained in an open state, and the rodless cavity discharges oil through the second liquid filling valve simultaneously, so that the piston rod and the piston rod are in relative rest positions.

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