CN115025178B - Application of orchid grass extract in preparation of medicine for preventing and/or treating constipation - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an application of orchid grass extract in preventing and/or treating constipation, and the extract is prepared by taking orchid grass as a raw material through extraction. The extract is prepared by the following steps: and (3) taking the whole grass of the orchid, naturally drying, crushing, sieving, respectively adding 8-15 times of 0-50% ethanol water solution, heating and refluxing for extraction for 2-3 times, filtering, combining the filtrates, recovering the filtrate under reduced pressure until no alcohol exists, evaporating in a water bath, and drying in vacuum to obtain the orchid extract. Pharmacological test results show that the orchid grass extract can promote defecation of normal mice, has a good prevention effect on constipation, can promote defecation of mice with heat constipation models, and has a good treatment effect on constipation; in addition, the method can also improve the urine volume of normal mice, has better diuretic effect, and the orchid grass extract has obvious preventing and treating effects on constipation.

Description

Application of orchid grass extract in preparation of medicine for preventing and/or treating constipation

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of medicines, and particularly relates to an orchid grass extract and application thereof in constipation prevention and/or treatment.

Background

Constipation refers to a condition where defecation is difficult, with or without dry and hard stool, and is performed less than 3 times per week. Has the characteristics of intractable and recurrent property, and can occur at any age. Traditional Chinese medicine considers that dysfunction of viscera caused by improper diet, emotional disorder or physical weakness is easy to cause dysfunction of spleen and stomach transportation and transformation, dysfunction of large intestine conduction, poor dreg in intestinal tract, and too long accumulation, hard and dry stool, difficult occurrence of the physical weakness and constipation. Constipation not only can cause anal diseases such as hemorrhoids and fissures, but also can induce and aggravate various cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, and seriously induce colon cancer, thereby endangering life. No specific medicine has been used in modern medicine to cure constipation thoroughly, but only has short-term curative effect on symptom treatment, but cathartic has dependence, and is easy to repeat after stopping the medicine, serious complications can be caused by long-term use, and physical health of patients is threatened. The traditional Chinese medicine can achieve better curative effect through dialectical treatment, and simultaneously reduces adverse reaction and recurrence rate of patients.

The orchid grass is firstly recorded in 'Yunnan Ben Cao', which is a local herbal monograph of the medical science of Yunnan Ming Dynasty, a part of records and researches on special medicinal materials in Yunnan area and national folk medicine experience, which are written in the past 20 years. The orchid grass is Orchidaceae (Orchidaceae) plant Agave longifolia Cymbidium Longifolium D. Perennial evergreen herb, and the medicinal part is whole herb.

The invention extracts the dried whole grass of the orchid grass by a chemical method to obtain the orchid grass extract. The main pharmacodynamic experiment result shows that the orchid grass extract can improve the total urine volume of normal mice for 4 hours and has obvious diuretic effect; secondly, the orchid grass extract can shorten the defecation time of normal mice, improve the total number of the normal mice, and has obvious constipation prevention effect; in addition, the orchid grass extract can promote the defecation of mice with heat constipation models, improve the purgation index and has obvious effect of treating constipation. The pharmacodynamic experiment results show that the orchid grass extract has obvious effects of preventing and treating constipation.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects of the existing application method and research of the orchid grass, the invention provides the application of the orchid grass extract in preparing the medicine for preventing and/or treating constipation, which is characterized by obvious curative effect, safety and reliability and can effectively prevent and/or treat constipation. In order to achieve the purpose of the invention, the following technical scheme is adopted:

application of orchid grass extract in preparation of medicine for preventing and/or treating constipation

The orchid grass extract is characterized in that the orchid grass extract is prepared by taking orchid grass as a raw material through extraction, and is specifically prepared by the following steps:

(a) Taking whole grass of orchid as a raw material, naturally drying, crushing and sieving with a 10-50-mesh sieve;

(b) Taking sieved coarse powder, respectively adding 8-15 times of 0-50% ethanol water according to the amount of medicinal materials, heating and reflux-extracting for 2-3 times, filtering with a filter cloth of 100-200 meshes for 1-5 h each time, and combining the filtrates;

(c) Concentrating the filtrate under reduced pressure at 50-70deg.C and 0.08MPa until no alcohol is present, steaming in water bath at 80deg.C to obtain fluid extract, and drying in vacuum drying oven at 70deg.C and 0.08MPa to obtain orchid extract.

The application of the orchid grass extract in preparing the medicine for preventing and/or treating constipation is characterized in that the medicine can improve the total urine volume of normal mice for 4 hours and has obvious diuretic effect; secondly, the orchid grass extract can shorten the defecation time of normal mice, improve the total number of the normal mice, and has obvious constipation prevention effect; in addition, the orchid grass extract can promote the defecation of mice with heat constipation models, improve the purgation index and has obvious effect of treating constipation. The pharmacodynamic experiment results show that the orchid grass extract has obvious effects of preventing and treating constipation.

The application of the orchid grass extract in preparing the medicine for preventing and/or treating constipation is characterized in that the medicine is a medicine or health food which is prepared by taking the orchid grass extract as a main component and has the function of preventing and/or treating constipation.

The application of the orchid grass extract in preparing the medicine for preventing and treating constipation is characterized in that the medicine is prepared by the following method: adding one or more adjuvants selected from antiseptic, flavoring agent, colorant, filler, lubricant, binder, flavoring agent, and antibacterial agent into the obtained orchid extract, and making into tablet, capsule, oral liquid, granule, pill, powder or syrup.

Detailed Description

The effect of the orchid extract on the prevention and treatment of constipation is further confirmed by various specific examples below. It should not be construed that the scope of the invention as described above is limited to the following examples.

Example 1

Taking coarse powder of orchid herb, sieving with a 10-mesh sieve, adding 15 times of water, heating and reflux-extracting for 2 times, filtering with a 100-mesh filter cloth for 3 hours each time, and mixing filtrates; concentrating the filtrate under reduced pressure at 50deg.C and 0.08MPa, steaming in water bath at 80deg.C to obtain fluid extract, drying in vacuum drying oven at 70deg.C and 0.08MPa to obtain orchid extract, adding adjuvants, and making into tablet.

Example 2

Taking coarse powder of orchid herb, sieving with a 30-mesh sieve, adding 10 times of 20% ethanol, heating and reflux-extracting for 3 times, filtering with a 100-mesh filter cloth for 1h each time, and mixing filtrates; recovering ethanol from the filtrate, concentrating under reduced pressure at 60deg.C and 0.08MPa to obtain extract, steaming in water bath at 80deg.C to obtain fluid extract, drying in vacuum oven at 70deg.C and 0.08MPa to obtain orchid extract, adding adjuvant, and making into capsule.

Example 3

Taking coarse powder of orchid herb, sieving with a 50-mesh sieve, adding 8 times of 50% ethanol, heating and reflux-extracting for 3 times, filtering with a 200-mesh filter cloth for 5 hours each time, and mixing filtrates; recovering ethanol from the filtrate, concentrating under reduced pressure at 70deg.C and 0.08MPa to no alcohol, steaming in water bath at 80deg.C to obtain fluid extract, drying in vacuum drying oven at 70deg.C and 0.08MPa to obtain orchid extract, adding adjuvants, and making into oral liquid.

EXAMPLE 4 diuretic effect of orchid extract on normal mice

1. Experimental method

This experiment was performed using samples of the orchid extract of example 1. 100 SPF-class Kunming mice were obtained, and males were randomly assigned to a blank group, a low-dose group of orchid grass (0.25 g/kg), a medium-dose group of orchid grass (0.50 g/kg), a high-dose group of orchid grass (1.00 g/kg), and a hydrochlorothiazide tablet group (40 mg/kg) according to body weight, each group of 20 mice. Each administration group was given the corresponding dose of the drug by gavage, 1 time a day for 7 days, the gavage capacity was 20mL/kg, and the blank group was given pure water at the same gavage capacity.

After the last administration, the mice are formally measured for 20 hours without water forbidden after fasting before urine, after weighing, the lower abdomen of the mice is lightly pressed for 10 times, the residual urine is drained, 1mL of pure water is filled into the stomach of each mouse for water load, then the stomach is filled again for administration, the administration time is recorded, then the mice are respectively put into a self-made funnel, a measuring cylinder is placed below the funnel, the urine volume is measured once per hour, the continuous observation and measurement are carried out for 4 hours, the urine is measured, the urine particles of the mice falling into the measuring cylinder are carefully removed, and the data are recorded and are subjected to statistical analysis. ( Note that: the experiment is carried out in a room with constant temperature and humidity as much as possible, and the temperature difference is reduced to volatilize urine of mice )

2. Experimental results

The experimental results (table 1) show: compared with the blank control group, the low-dose group and the medium-dose group of the orchid extract mice have significantly increased urine volume (P < 0.01) 1h after administration; the total urine volume of the orchid grass extract high dose group mice is obviously increased (P < 0.05) 1h and 2h after the mice are dosed; and the urine volume is maximum at 1h, and then the urine volume is gradually decreased with time. Compared with a blank control group, the total urine volume of mice in each dosage group of the orchid grass extract is obviously increased (P is less than 0.01), which indicates that the orchid grass extract has good diuretic effect.

TABLE 1 diuretic effect of orchid grass extract on normal mice

Note that: in comparison with the blank group, ^* P<0.05， ^** P<0.01。

EXAMPLE 5 purgative effect of orchid extract on normal mice

1. Experimental method

This experiment was performed using samples of the orchid extract of example 1. 100 SPF-class Kunming mice were obtained, and males were randomly assigned to a blank group, a low-dose group of orchid grass (0.25 g/kg), a medium-dose group of orchid grass (0.50 g/kg), a high-dose group of orchid grass (1.00 g/kg), and a granule group of rhubarb (2.00 g/kg) according to body weight, each group of 20 mice. Each administration group was given the corresponding dose of the drug by gavage, 1 time a day for 7 days, the gavage capacity was 20mL/kg, and the blank group was given pure water at the same gavage capacity.

The mice are fasted for 20 hours after 7d administration, and each administration group is respectively infused with a corresponding dose of suspension containing carbon powder (0.5 mL/dose), and the blank group is infused with normal saline to prepare the carbon powder with the same concentration. Each group of mice is respectively placed in a gas collecting bottle paved with filter paper for observation, and the black stool discharging time, the property and the quantity of the feces and the anus contamination condition of the feces are recorded. The observation was continued for 6 hours, and data statistics were recorded and performed.

2. Experimental results

The experimental results (table 2) show: compared with the blank control group, the first time of urination and defecation of the mice in the group with the dosage and the high dosage of the orchid grass extract is obviously reduced (P <0.05 or P < 0.01); the number of black stools of the mice in the high-dose group of orchid grass extract is obviously increased (P < 0.05); the total number of the defecations of the mice in the group with the dosage and the high dosage in the orchid grass water extract is obviously increased (P < 0.05). The orchid extract has good purgation effect.

TABLE 2 purgative effect of orchid grass extract on normal mice

Note that: in comparison with the blank group, ^* P<0.05， ^** P<0.01

EXAMPLE 6 laxative effect of orchid grass extract on mice model for constipation due to heat

1. Experimental method

This experiment was performed using samples of the orchid extract of example 1. The SPF-class Kunming mice were selected from 120 males, and randomly divided into a normal control group, a model control group, a low-dose group of orchid grass (0.25 g/kg), a medium-dose group of orchid grass (0.50 g/kg), a high-dose group of orchid grass (1.00 g/kg) and a granule group of rhubarb (2.00 g/kg) according to body weight, each group of 20 mice. And (3) other groups except the normal control group adopt heat traditional Chinese medicines combined with intestinal peristalsis inhibitors for gastric lavage administration and modeling. The heat-treating Chinese medicine is prepared with aconite root, dried ginger, cassia bark, evodia fruit, pepper and other materials in certain proportion, and through extracting and concentrating to 2g of crude medicine/mL, the intestinal peristalsis inhibitor is loperamide hydrochloride and ultrasonic suspension in heat-treating Chinese medicine liquid (0.1 mg/mL). Each group was molded in the morning and administered 20mL/kg (40 g crude drug/kg, 4mg loperamide hydrochloride/kg) 1 time/d with an equal volume of physiological saline administered to the normal control group. Each administration group was administered by gavage at the afternoon daily at a corresponding dose, with a dose capacity of 20mL/kg,1 time/d, for 30 consecutive days, and an equal volume of physiological saline was administered to the normal control group and the model control group.

After the last administration, all mice were fasted without water for 20h and were subjected to a purgation experiment. The mice of each group are respectively placed in a gas collecting bottle paved with filter paper for observation, and are divided into solid feces, semisolid feces and water feces according to the feces property. The number of solid, semi-solid, and watery stools in each group of mice was observed for 3 hours, respectively. The purgative Index (EI) is calculated. EI = 1 x number of solid feces +2 x number of semi-solid feces +3 x number of water feces.

2. Experimental results

The experimental results (table 3) show: compared with the normal control group, the purgation index of the mice in the model control group is obviously reduced (P < 0.01), which indicates that the model is established successfully; the purgative index of mice in the dose and high dose groups in orchid extract was significantly increased (P < 0.01) and dose-dependent compared to the model control group. The result shows that the orchid grass extract can promote the defecation of mice with heat constipation models and has obvious purgation effect.

TABLE 4 laxative effect of orchid grass extract on mice model for constipation due to heat

Note that: in comparison with the normal control group, ^* P<0.05， ^** P<0.01

in conclusion, the orchid grass extract has remarkable purgative effect on normal mice and mice with heat constipation models, and has remarkable diuretic effect on normal mice, which indicates that the orchid grass extract has the effect of preventing and treating constipation.

Claims (2)

1. Application of herba Orchidis Hypoglaucae extract in preparing medicine for preventing and/or treating constipation is provided;

the orchid grass extract is prepared by taking orchid grass as a raw material through extraction, and is specifically prepared by the following steps:

(a) Taking whole grass of orchid as a raw material, naturally drying, crushing and sieving with a 10-50-mesh sieve;

(b) Taking sieved coarse powder, respectively adding 8-15 times of 0-50% ethanol water according to the amount of medicinal materials, heating and reflux-extracting for 2-3 times, filtering with a filter cloth of 100-200 meshes for 1-5 h each time, and combining the filtrates;

(c) Concentrating the filtrate under reduced pressure at 50-70deg.C and 0.08MPa until no alcohol is present, steaming in water bath at 80deg.C to obtain fluid extract, and drying in vacuum drying oven at 70deg.C and 0.08MPa to obtain orchid extract.

2. The use of orchid extract according to claim 1, wherein the pharmaceutical dosage form is a tablet, capsule, oral liquid, granule, pill, powder or syrup.