CN115024397A

CN115024397A - Weaning feed for Chinese pangolin cubs and feeding method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN115024397A
Application number: CN202210658438.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 许学林; 华彦; 安富宇; 王凯; 郭策; 燕洪美; 冉重阳; 侯方晖; 黄万和
Original assignee: Guangdong Academy of Forestry
Current assignee: Guangdong Academy of Forestry
Priority date: 2022-06-10
Filing date: 2022-06-10
Publication date: 2022-09-09

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of pangolin feed research, and particularly relates to a feed for weaning young pelpangolins and a feeding calling method thereof. The invention aims to ensure that the artificially fed young Chinese pangolins successfully pass the weaning period and keep healthy growth. The feed comprises colostrum goat milk powder, whey protein, soybean protein powder, black ants, termites, bee pupa, dried silkworm pupa, earthworm powder, tenebrio molitor, chitin, termite nest soil, carrot, hawthorn, coconut powder and salt. Directly attracting the weaning feed for the young pangolins which are fed with the feed actively; aiming at the young pangolins refusing to actively feed the feed, the feed calling is carried out in two stages: the first stage is to add a small amount of weaning feed into drinking water of the young Chinese pangolins for food calling, and after the young Chinese pangolins actively eat the feed which is not diluted by the drinking water, the second stage of food calling is carried out, namely the weaning feed is directly fed for the young Chinese pangolins to eat.

Description

Feed for weaning of young Chinese pangolins and feeding method thereof

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of pangolin feed research, and particularly relates to a feed for weaning young pelpangolins and a feeding calling method thereof.

Background

Pangolin scales (Manis) is one of the most threatened mammals by illegal trade worldwide, and was listed in appendix I of International trade convention on endangered species of wild animals and plants (CITES) in 2016. In China, 3 kinds of pangolins exist mainly, but the pangolins are more than the Chinese ones, but the number of the pangolins is greatly reduced due to habitat degradation, illegal trade and the like. In order to better continue the population development of the pangolins, in addition to the urgent development of local protection work, the pangolins should be organized to carry out corresponding ex-situ protection, and researches related to nutrition, breeding and disease prevention and treatment of the pangolins are promoted so as to gradually establish an artificial population capable of being maintained for a long time.

Nowadays, the artificial feeding work of adult Chinese pangolin scales has been in phase victory. For example, the Chinese pangolin is tempted to eat by using the feed containing dried silkworm chrysalis, dried bread worm, black ant, dried earthworm, dried black water larva, carrot, pear, onion, haw, coconut powder, soil, chitin, calcium carbonate powder, honey, multi-vitamin tablet, Weishi-dog chelating microelement tablet, table salt, bacillus subtilis and enterococcus mixture (CN111513184A a Chinese pangolin first aid period feed and method), so the probability of receiving artificial feed by pangolin in the first aid period is greatly increased, and the first aid success rate is increased by 31.3%.

In contrast to the above, in the artificial breeding work of the pangolins, the survival rate of the cubs in the artificial feeding environment is generally found to be low. Especially, during the weaning period in the litter, the cubs not only need to be separated from the female nails and face a new living environment independently, but also adapt to the sudden change of food, so that the cubs are easy to generate stress response, the health is seriously affected, and the disease and death rate is high. Therefore, in order to accelerate the progress of artificial population breeding work of the pangolins, the development of a weaning period feed for the cubs of the pangolins is urgently needed, so that the cubs can smoothly pass the weaning period and can keep healthy growth.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome at least one defect of the prior art and provides weaning feed and a feeding method for artificially bred Chinese pangolin cubs so as to help the cubs to smoothly pass a weaning period and improve the survival rate of artificially breeding the cubs.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

the feed comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 6-11% of colostrum goat milk powder, 2-7% of whey protein, 2-7% of soybean protein powder, 20-30% of black ants, 10-15% of termites, 5-10% of bee pupas, 2-7% of dried silkworm pupas, 0.5-5% of earthworm powder, 5-10% of bread worms, 1-5% of chitin, 3-8% of termite nest soil, 5-12% of pears, 0.5-5% of carrots, 0.5-5% of hawthorns and coconut powder: 1 to 6 percent of salt and 0.01 to 0.2 percent of salt.

Further, the feed for weaning the Chinese pangolin cubs comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 6-8% of colostrum goat milk powder, 2-5% of whey protein, 2-4% of soybean protein powder, 20-25% of black ants, 10-15% of termites, 5-10% of bee pupas, 2-5% of dried silkworm pupas, 2-5% of earthworm powder, 5-10% of bread worms, 1-3% of chitin, 3-8% of termite nest soil, 8-12% of pears, 2-5% of carrots, 1-5% of hawthorns and coconut powder: 2-5% and 0.01-0.2% of salt.

In the scheme, the termites, the ants, the bee pupas, the dried silkworm pupas, the earthworm powder, the bread worms, the ant nest soil and the like are added firstly, wherein the total proportion of the ants to the termites is the largest, the total proportion of other insects is smaller, and the feed variety is diversified while the natural habits of the pangolins are attached. Then, the contents of the components are adjusted, and due to the lack of the manis pentadactyla breast milk component at present, the specific gravity of the components of the feed is comprehensively adjusted according to the nutritional components of the feed by referring to the nutritional requirements of cat cubs (the nutritional requirement table of AAFCO cats), the past feeding experience and the like, so as to meet the nutritional requirements of the Chinese manis pentadactyla cubs. Compared with the common milk powder, the colostrum goat milk powder (such as the foster milk powder) is rich in immunoglobulin and trace elements, can better increase the resistance of the Chinese pangolin cubs, and provides transition of feed ingredients for converting the intake of the cubs from milk intake to adult feed intake. In addition, the ratio of colostrum goat milk powder, whey protein and soybean protein in the formula is about 10-25%, so that the content and quality of protein can be further improved, and the negative influence on the digestive system of the Chinese pangolin cubs due to overhigh total protein content of the feed can be avoided. Furthermore, the salt and the chitin in the scheme can provide trace elements to improve the immunity of the young pangolins; the pear, the carrot, the hawthorn, the coconut powder and the like are added to increase the content of dietary fiber and promote the gastrointestinal peristalsis of the cubs.

Further, the feed for weaning the young Chinese pangolins comprises the following components in parts by weight: 0.4-2% of multi-element vitamin tablet (such as storage-facilitating tablet) and 0.1-0.5% of trace element tablet (such as Weishi trace element tablet). In the invention, the multi-element vitamin tablets and the microelement tablets are added to provide various vitamins and microelements to improve the immunity of the Chinese pangolin cubs.

In order to improve diarrhea of the young Chinese pangolins, the weaning feed for the young Chinese pangolins further comprises the following components in parts by weight: 0.1-2% of bacillus subtilis dual viable bacteria particles (such as momian). The immunity of the pangolin cubs is low, the physique of the cubs under the artificial feeding condition is weaker than that of wild cubs, and the sudden change of food is more likely to cause gastrointestinal damage and flora disorder of the cubs and cause diarrhea. According to the pangolin diarrhea prevention feed, a small amount of bacillus subtilis dual live bacteria particles are added into the feed, so that the diarrhea condition of pangolin cubs can be obviously improved, the enterococcus faecium and the bacillus subtilis in the feed help the pangolin cubs to establish normal intestinal flora, the diarrhea condition of the pangolin cubs is prevented and treated, the use amount of medicines is reduced, and the health of the cubs is guaranteed.

Further, the feed for weaning the young Chinese pangolins comprises the following components in parts by weight: 6% of colostrum goat milk powder, 2% of whey protein, 2% of soybean protein powder, 25% of black ants, 10% of termites, 5% of bee pupa, 5% of dried silkworm chrysalis, 5% of earthworm powder, 5% of bread worm, 3% of chitin, 8% of termite nest soil, 12% of pears, 5% of carrots, 4.8% of hawthorns, 2% of coconut powder and 0.2% of salt.

Further, the Chinese pangolin cub weaning feed comprises the following components in parts by weight: 6% of colostrum goat milk powder, 2% of whey protein, 2% of soybean protein powder, 25% of black ants, 10% of termites, 5% of bee pupa, 5% of dried silkworm chrysalis, 5% of earthworm powder, 5% of bread worm, 3% of chitin, 8% of termite nest soil, 12% of pears, 5% of carrots, 4.3% of hawthorns, 2% of coconut powder, 0.2% of salt, 0.4% of multi-vitamin tablets and 0.1% of trace element tablets.

Further, the feed for weaning the young Chinese pangolins comprises the following components in parts by weight: 8% of colostrum goat milk powder, 5% of whey protein, 4% of soybean protein powder, 20% of black ants, 15% of termites, 5% of bee pupa, 5% of dried silkworm chrysalis, 2% of earthworm powder, 5% of bread worm, 3% of chitin, 3% of termite nest soil, 8% of pears, 5% of carrots, 4.3% of hawthorns, 5% of coconut powder, 0.2% of salt, 0.4% of multi-vitamin tablets, 0.1% of trace element tablets and 2% of bacillus subtilis dual live bacteria particles.

The invention also provides a method for attracting Chinese pangolin cubs, which directly attracts the weaning feed of the Chinese pangolin cubs which are actively fed with the feed in the weaning period, and specifically comprises the following steps:

and (3) mixing the weaning feed and water according to the weight ratio of 5:3, uniformly mixing and crushing to obtain powdery mixed feed;

providing the powdery mixed feed for autonomous feeding of young Chinese pangolins;

the powdery mixed feed is put in once a day.

In the invention, the dry feed and water are mixed according to the weight ratio of 5:3 the crushing efficiency can be improved after the uniform mixing, so that the weaning feed is crushed into powder suitable for the young Chinese pangolins to eat. The mode of feeding the feed once every day is adopted, so that the disturbance to Chinese pangolin cubs during feeding can be reduced, and the cubs are prevented from generating stress reaction. Furthermore, the feed amount is correspondingly adjusted according to the actual defecation and weight increase conditions of the Chinese pangolin cubs, so that the feed intake of the Chinese pangolin cubs is adaptive to the bearing capacity of the digestive tract of the Chinese pangolin cubs and the actually required nutrition, the healthy growth of the cubs is facilitated, and the survival rate of the cubs is improved.

Further, aiming at Chinese pangolin cubs refusing to actively feed weaning feed, the feed is specifically induced according to the following steps: mixing the weaning feed and water according to the weight ratio of 5:3, uniformly mixing and crushing to obtain powdery mixed feed; further, the powdery mixed feed and water are mixed according to the weight ratio of 1:10, adding the powdery mixed feed into drinking water of the Chinese pangolin pups, inducing the Chinese pangolin pups to eat, and gradually increasing the proportion of the mixed feed in the drinking water until the Chinese pangolin pups independently eat the powdery mixed feed which is not added into the drinking water. At the moment, judging that the Chinese pangolin scales are fed with weaning feed independently; then, the food calling mode is changed into a mode that the weaning feed and water are mixed according to the weight ratio of 5:3, uniformly mixing and crushing to obtain powdery mixed feed; providing the powdery mixed feed for the autonomous feeding of the Chinese pangolin cubs; the powdery mixed feed is put in once a day.

According to the invention, for the pelpangolin young animals refusing to take active feed, drinking water is added into the mixed feed at the earlier stage according to the weight ratio of 1:10 for dilution treatment, so that the pelpangolin young animals refusing to take active feed can take a small amount of feed when drinking water from the survival instinct, and a certain nutrition intake is ensured, thereby improving the survival rate. On the other hand, the Chinese pangolin cubs can be gradually adapted to the mixed feed until the mixed feed is finally and actively taken, so that the survival rate is improved.

Furthermore, the weaning feed formula is adopted for feeding, so that the content of high-quality proteins such as colostrum goat milk powder and whey protein is increased, the characteristics of high protein and high fat content of the breast milk of the Chinese pangolin are met, the content of the termite nest soil is reduced, the stimulation of the termite nest soil to the digestive tract of cubs is reduced, and the bacillus subtilis dual live bacteria particles are added to prevent the diarrhea caused by sudden change of cub food.

Further, a method for attracting Chinese pangolin cubs comprises the following two stages: in the first stage, feeding the weaning feed containing the dual live bacteria granules of the multi-vitamin tablets, the trace element tablets and the bacillus subtilis; and in the second stage, observing that the defecation of the young Chinese pangolins is normal, and feeding the young Chinese pangolins in an alternate mode every other day by adopting a formula obtained by subtracting the live bacillus subtilis and bacillus subtilis granules from the weaning feed in the first stage and a formula obtained by subtracting the multi-vitamin tablets, the microelement tablets and the live bacillus subtilis and bacillus subtilis granules from the weaning feed in the first stage.

In the invention, the pelagic pangolin cubs are subjected to weaning feed feeding attraction in stages. The first stage is the early stage of feeding weaning feed, the content of high-quality proteins such as colostrum goat milk powder and whey protein is improved to be close to the characteristics of high protein and high fat content of breast milk of the Chinese pangolins, the content of termite nest soil is reduced, the stimulation of the termite nest soil to the digestive tract of cubs is reduced, meanwhile, bacillus subtilis dual live bacteria particles are added to prevent diarrhea of the Chinese pangolin cubs caused by sudden change of food, and the bacillus subtilis dual live bacteria particles are not added after excretion stabilization of the cubs in the later stage, so that the situation that normal intestinal flora of the cubs is disturbed due to long-term taking of the bacillus subtilis dual live bacteria particles is avoided. Further, after the cubs are excreted normally, feeding in the second stage is carried out. Specifically, a method of adding multiple vitamins and trace elements every other day is adopted in weaning feed of the Chinese pangolin cubs, so that on one hand, the situation that the cubs are lack of the multiple vitamins and the trace elements in the rapid growth period can be prevented, on the other hand, the situation that the cubs are excessively dependent on in-vitro supplement of the vitamins and the trace elements is avoided, and meanwhile, the cubs are suitable for the feeding habit of supplementing the vitamins and the trace elements once a week when the cubs are converted into adult feed in the later period.

In the actual research process, because the cubs of the Chinese pangolins are rare and precious, a large number of experiments and trials are difficult to perform, the feeding habits of the pangolins are specialized, the pangolins mainly feed ants, termites and a small amount of other insects, and weaning feeds of other animals are not suitable for being carried over. In order to ensure that the cubs can safely pass the weaning period, in the previous attempt, the applicant feeds the Chinese pangolin cubs by using a disclosed Chinese pangolin rescue period feed formula (CN111513184A, Chinese pangolin rescue period feed and a rescue period food calling method), and finds that the cubs have unstable weight increase, diarrhea, hematochezia and other conditions, and have poor body conditions and health conditions. Furthermore, the applicant considers that cubs usually become predatory to termites and ants from breast milk in a field environment, so that the termites and the ants are smashed and fed to the pangolin cubs, but the situation that the weight of the pangolin cubs grows slowly and diarrhea occurs still easily, continuous stress reaction of the cubs is easily caused, and the life and health of the cubs are seriously threatened. Finally, by referring to the nutritional requirements of the canine cat cubs and combining the past failure experience, the transitional feed specially aiming at the weaning period of the Chinese pangolin cubs is prepared, the weight of the pangolin cubs is found to be rapidly and stably increased after feeding, digestive tract diseases and other diseases do not appear, the excretion situation is good, the pangolin cubs can safely pass the weaning period, and a foundation is laid for the later adult feed intake and later releasing.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

the weaning process of the young Chinese pangolins is adjusted to a process of gradually attracting the weaning feed from the intake of breast milk and gradually changing the weaning feed into the feed of adult individuals. Solves the problems of high diarrhea rate, frequent digestive tract diseases and high death rate caused by stress reaction due to factors such as sudden separation of the Chinese pangolin pups from the mothers and sudden change of foods in the weaning period. The invention provides abundant high-quality protein and a more reasonable weaning process for the Chinese pangolin cubs in the weaning period, can obviously improve the growth speed of the Chinese pangolin cubs, reduces the occurrence of diarrhea of the cubs, promotes the healthy growth of the cubs, and increases the survival rate of the cubs.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a flow chart of feeding of pangolin cubs in two feeding methods of the invention.

FIG. 2 is a graph showing the relationship between the feed intake and weight gain of young pangolins according to the two feeding inducing methods of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a diagram of defecation after feeding a milk-cut material in a using method of the Chinese pangolin cubs capable of being fed by oneself.

Fig. 4 is a diagram of defecation after feeding the milk-cut material in a second using method of the Chinese pangolin cubs which cannot be automatically fed.

Figure 5 is a nutritional requirements table for AAFCO cats.

FIG. 6 is a table of "Tianbao" brand colostrum goat milk powder nutrient composition.

FIG. 7 is an instruction book of "mometae" brand Bacillus subtilis dual viable granule product.

Fig. 8 is the description of "good preservation" brand multi-vitamin tablet.

Fig. 9 is an instruction book of the Weishi brand microelement tablets.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions of the present invention are further described below with reference to the drawings and the embodiments, but not limited thereto, and modifications or equivalent substitutions may be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the technical solutions of the present invention, and are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention.

Example 1

Feed for young Chinese pangolins at the weaning period, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 8% of colostrum goat milk powder (zhubao, shown in figure 6), 5% of whey protein, 4% of soybean protein powder, 20% of black ants, 15% of termites, 5% of bee pupa, 5% of silkworm chrysalis, 2% of earthworm powder, 5% of tenebrio molitor, 3% of chitin, 3% of termite nest soil, 8% of pears, 5% of carrots, 4.3% of hawthorns, 5% of coconut powder, 0.2% of salt, 0.4% of multi-vitamin tablets (preservation, shown in figure 8), 0.1% of microelement tablets (Shiwei, shown in figure 9) and 2% of bacillus subtilis dual viable particles (mamai, shown in figure 7).

Example 2

Feed for young Chinese pangolins at the weaning period, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: colostrum goat milk powder (zhubao, shown in fig. 6) 6%, whey protein 2%, soybean protein powder 2%, black ant 25%, termite 10%, bee pupa 5%, dried silkworm pupa 5%, earthworm powder 5%, bread worm 5%, chitin 3%, white ant nest soil 8%, pear 12%, carrot 5%, hawthorn 4.3%, coconut powder 2%, salt 0.2%, multi-vitamin tablet (good preservation, shown in fig. 8) 0.4%, and microelement tablet (shiwei, shown in fig. 9) 0.1%.

Example 3

Feed for young Chinese pangolins at the weaning period, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 6% of colostrum goat milk powder (Tianbao, shown in figure 6), 2% of whey protein, 2% of soybean protein powder, 25% of black ants, 10% of termites, 5% of bee pupae, 5% of dried silkworm pupae, 5% of earthworm powder, 5% of bread worms, 3% of chitin, 8% of termite nest soil, 12% of pears, 5% of carrots, 4.8% of hawthorns, 2% of coconut powder and 0.2% of salt.

Example 4

Feed for young Chinese pangolins at the weaning period, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: colostrum goat milk powder (zhubao, shown in fig. 6) 7%, whey protein 4%, soybean protein powder 3%, black ants 22%, termites 12%, bee pupa 9%, dried silkworm pupae 3%, earthworm powder 3%, bread worm 7%, chitin 1%, termite nest soil 4%, pear 10%, carrot 4%, hawthorn 5%, coconut powder 3%, salt 0.1%, multi-vitamin sheet (good preservation, shown in fig. 8) 1.6%, microelement sheet (weishi, shown in fig. 9) 0.3%, bacillus subtilis dual viable bacteria particle (mamai, shown in fig. 7) 1%.

Example 5

Feed for young Chinese pangolins at the weaning period, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: colostrum goat milk powder (Tianbao, as shown in fig. 6) 6%, whey protein 2%, soybean protein powder 3%, black ant 23%, termite 13%, bee pupa 7%, dried silkworm pupa 4%, earthworm powder 4%, bread worm 6%, chitin 2%, termite nest soil 7%, pear 11%, carrot 5%, hawthorn 2.3%, coconut powder: 3%, salt 0.2%, multi-element vitamin tablet (preservation is shown in figure 8) 1.0%, and microelement tablet (Weishi is shown in figure 9) 0.5%.

Example 6

Feed for young Chinese pangolins at the weaning period, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: colostrum goat milk powder (Tianbao, as shown in figure 6) 7%, whey protein 3%, soybean protein powder 2%, black ants 22%, termites 13%, bee pupa 8%, dried silkworm pupa 3%, earthworm powder 4%, bread worm 9%, chitin 3%, termite nest soil 8%, pear 9%, carrot 2%, hawthorn 3.8%, coconut powder 3%, and salt 0.2%.

Example 7

A feeding attraction method of feed for young Chinese pangolins at a weaning period comprises the following specific steps:

in the weaning period, aiming at the young Chinese pangolins which can actively feed the feed, the feed attracting of the weaning feed is directly carried out: as shown in fig. 1 (upper) method one, in order to smoothly complete the feeding process from the milk overabundance to the weaning feed for chinese pangolin pups, the feed formulation described in example 1 was first used, at a weight ratio (dry feed: water) of 5:3, crushing by using a wall breaking machine after uniformly mixing in proportion, and processing into powdery mixed feed for feeding. As shown in FIG. 2(a), the initial feeding amount was 80 g. As shown in figure 3, after 5 days of feeding, the defecation of the Chinese pangolin pups is in a strip shape with moderate hardness, the phenomenon of diarrhea does not occur, and the defecation tends to be normal. Thus, further, the weaning feed was changed to the formulation described in example 2 or example 3, and the feed was processed in the same way as in the first stage. In detail, the weaning feed in example 2 and example 3 is used for feeding the young Chinese pangolins in an alternate mode every other day, so that on one hand, the situation that the young Chinese pangolins lack of multi-vitamins and trace elements in the rapid growth period can be prevented, on the other hand, the situation that the young Chinese pangolins depend on in-vitro supplement of the vitamins and the trace elements is avoided, and meanwhile, the young Chinese pangolins are beneficial to gradually adapt to the feeding habit of supplementing the vitamins and the trace elements once a week by later-stage conversion into adult feed.

More specifically, as shown in the first method in fig. 1, young Chinese squama Manis is fed once a day. As shown in FIG. 2(a), the initial feeding amount was 80g, and then the feeding amount was adjusted according to actual conditions such as defecation and weight increase of young Chinese pangolins. Specifically, as shown in fig. 2(a) and fig. 3, when the weight gain is reduced and the appearance of excrement is normal (moderate in hardness and softness and in a strip shape), the feeding amount is increased, the increase amplitude is 10g-20g per day, and the maximum feeding amount is not more than 120g per day; when the body weight steadily increases and the appearance of excrement is normal, the current feeding amount is maintained; when diarrhea occurs or excrement becomes thin, the digestion condition of the young Chinese pangolins is not good, the feeding amount is reduced by 10g-20g on the basis of the previous day, and the feeding amount is not less than 70 g/day at least.

Example 8

the feed of examples 1-3 was used to lure young Chinese pangolins at weaning period. In the weaning period, aiming at the Chinese pangolin cubs refusing to actively feed, feeding attraction is carried out in two stages:

in the first stage, the feed formulation described in example 1 was used, with a weight ratio (dry feed: water) of 5:3, then crushing the mixed weaning feed by using a wall breaking machine, processing the crushed mixed weaning feed into powdery mixed feed, and further adding the powdery mixed feed into drinking water of the Chinese pangolin cubs, wherein the first adding proportion (mixed feed: water) is 1:10, gradually increasing the proportion of the mixed feed in drinking water, and inducing the Chinese pangolin cubs to adapt to the smell and taste of the mixed feed; until the pups were observed to eat the powdered mixed feed without addition to the drinking water, the process described in the second stage was used. As shown in fig. 1, when the powdery mixed feed added to the young chinese pangolins was normally ingested 7 days after the feeding in this procedure, it means that the young chinese pangolins normally ingested the powdery mixed feed which was not added to the drinking water, and the second stage is entered.

In the second stage, as shown in method two of fig. 1, the pups were able to feed normally the stated powdered mixed feed not added to the drinking water, starting on day 8 of fig. 1, first with the feed formulation described in example 1, in a weight ratio (dry feed: water) of 5:3, then crushing the mixed weaning feed by using a wall breaking machine, and processing the crushed mixed weaning feed into powdery mixed feed. Initially weighing 50g of mixed feed (dry feed: water 5:3 by weight) and placing in a cage, feeding the pups, and then adjusting the subsequent feeding amount according to the actual conditions of defecation, weight gain and the like of the pups, as shown in fig. 2(b) and fig. 4: the initial feeding amount is 50g, the feeding amount is increased to 80g every other day (day 9) and maintained, the weight is reduced on day 11 but the defecation is normal, the feeding amount is increased to 120 g/day on day 12, and the specific feeding amount can be properly adjusted according to the defecation and weight increase of the cubs and the experience. The water is cold boiled water.

After feeding the pups according to the second phase, excretion of the pelpangolin pups was continuously observed, and when excretion was normal and feces were in the form of strips of moderate hardness, good health was indicated, as shown in fig. 1, by day 14. At this time, as shown in fig. 1, the feed formulation described in example 2 or example 3 was used from day 15 according to method two in fig. 1, and the treatment method of the feed was the same as described above. In detail, chinese pangolin pups were fed with the weaning diets described in example 2 and example 3 in alternating fashion every other day. As shown in fig. 2(b) and fig. 4, when the weight growth is stagnated or declines, and the appearance of excrement is normal (moderate in hardness and strip shape), the feeding amount is increased, the increase amplitude is 10g per day, and the highest feeding amount is not more than 120g per day; when the body weight steadily increases and the appearance of excrement is normal, the current feeding amount is maintained; when diarrhea or excrement becomes thin, the digestion condition of Chinese squama Manis cub is not good, the feeding amount is reduced by 40g on the previous day, and the feeding amount is not less than 80 g/day.

Comparative example 1

The feed comprises, by weight, 6.2% of dried silkworm chrysalis, 18.5% of dried tenebrio molitor, 21.6% of black ant, 3.1% of dried earthworm, 6.2% of dried larva of black water , 6.2% of carrot, 17.2% of pear, 2.2% of onion, 3.1% of hawthorn, 8.2% of coconut powder, 2% of chitin, 0.6% of calcium carbonate powder, 3% of honey, 0.2% of multi-vitamin tablet, 1% of Weishi dog-used chelated trace element tablet, 0.5% of salt and 0.2% of bacillus subtilis and enterococcus mixture.

The preparation process and the feeding method comprise the following steps: mixing the components in proportion, adding a proper amount of boiled water, crushing by using a wall breaking machine, and uniformly stirring to directly feed. The initial feeding amount is 80g, and then the feeding amount is adjusted according to actual conditions such as defecation and weight increase of the young Chinese pangolins.

Comparative example 2

The formula comprises the following components: 40% of termites and 60% of black ants.

The preparation process and the feeding method comprise the following steps: mixing the components in proportion, adding a proper amount of boiled water, crushing by using a wall breaking machine, and uniformly stirring to directly feed. The initial feeding amount is 80g, and then the feeding amount is adjusted according to the actual conditions of defecation and weight increase of the Chinese pangolin pups.

Example 9 effects of application

TABLE 1 nutrient content of the broken milk of Chinese pangolin (example 6)

Amino acid content of the broken milk of the young Chinese pangolin scales of the second category

Results of evaluating application effects of the three examples and the comparative example

And (3) comparing and evaluating nutrient components: through detection and analysis, as shown in the table I, the table II and the figure 5, the weaning feed formula for the young Chinese pangolins is rich in nutritional ingredients, is close to the nutritional requirements of young dogs and cats, and meets the eating property that wild Chinese pangolins eat termites and ants in a large amount and take high protein. Furthermore, the functional amino acids in the formula described in the examples are various in types and high in content, and in addition, the detection finds that the total energy value of the pangolin weaning feed disclosed by the application is close to the energy value of a mixed feed of termites and ants and is obviously higher than that of the pangolin feed formula described in the comparative example 1, so that the sufficient weaning period nutrition supplement can be provided for the cubs of pangolin, and the survival rate is further improved.

Feeding and weight change analysis: after feeding the Chinese pangolin pups for one month by adopting the feed and the feeding method for the Chinese pangolin pups in the weaning period of the example 7 and the example 8, the weight of the pups is increased to 21.0-22.0 percent; when the pangolin cubs are fed by adopting the feed and the feeding calling method in the comparative example 1 for one month, the weight of the cubs is increased by 13.7 percent, the actual individual difference is large, and the effect is unstable; in comparative example 2, although the feed consisted of ants and termites and completely simulated the field habit of pangolin, the cubs gained only 7.8% of their weight after one month of feeding. In addition, the same type of patent literature (CN109997973A pangolin cub feed and preparation method thereof) discloses that the weight gain of pangolin cubs is only 7.4% -10.6% after feeding for one month. Therefore, the weaning feed formula and the feeding attracting method can better meet the requirement of quick growth of cubs and promote healthy growth.

Defecation condition analysis: as shown in fig. 3 and 4, in examples 7 and 8, the young Chinese pangolins have a short feed adaptation process in the early stage of feeding the milk-breaking feed in the first example, and can completely adapt to the feed formula within about 3-5 days; after 3-5 days, the cubs can be regularly fed and regularly excreted at fixed points, the excreted excrement is healthy strip-shaped excrement with moderate hardness, and the formula is indicated from the side face to ensure the gastrointestinal health of the cubs. For comparison, as shown in table three, diarrhea, hematochezia, and the like were observed in the young pangolins in both comparative example 1 and comparative example 2.

Survival and disease status: as shown in table three, the survival rate of the Chinese pangolin pups is 100% and the morbidity rate and mortality rate are both 0% when the Chinese pangolin is fed by the weaning feed and the feeding method. For comparison, patent application documents of the same type (CN109997973A pangolin cub feed and a preparation method thereof) disclose that the prevalence of pangolin cub is 0% -15%; under the feed formula and the feeding method of the comparative example 1 and the comparative example 2, the prevalence rates of the young Chinese pangolins are respectively as high as 50 percent and 100 percent. Therefore, the formula and the feeding attracting method of the pelpangolin cubs weaning feed have a better application effect, meet the nutritional requirements of pelpangolin cubs in the weaning period, and greatly improve the survival rate of pelpangolin cubs under the artificial condition.

It should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments of the present invention are only examples for clearly illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the specific embodiments of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention claims should be included in the protection scope of the present invention claims.

Claims

1. The feed for weaning of the young Chinese pangolins is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by weight: 6-11% of colostrum goat milk powder, 2-7% of whey protein, 2-7% of soybean protein powder, 20-30% of black ants, 10-15% of termites, 5-10% of bee pupas, 2-7% of dried silkworm pupas, 0.5-5% of earthworm powder, 5-10% of bread worms, 1-5% of chitin, 3-8% of termite nest soil, 5-12% of pears, 0.5-5% of carrots, 0.5-5% of hawthorns, 1-6% of coconut powder and 0.01-0.2% of salt.

2. The feed for weaning of young Chinese pangolins according to claim 1, which comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 6-8% of colostrum goat milk powder, 2-5% of whey protein, 2-4% of soybean protein powder, 20-25% of black ants, 10-15% of termites, 5-10% of bee pupas, 2-5% of dried silkworm pupas, 2-5% of earthworm powder, 5-10% of bread worms, 1-3% of chitin, 3-8% of termite nest soil, 8-12% of pears, 2-5% of carrots, 1-5% of hawthorns and coconut powder: 2-5% and 0.01-0.2% of salt.

3. The feed for weaning of young Chinese pangolins according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising the following components in parts by weight: 0.4-2% of multi-element vitamin tablet and 0.1-0.5% of microelement tablet.

4. The feed according to claim 3, further comprising the following components in parts by weight: 0.1-2% of bacillus subtilis dual viable particles.

5. The feed for weaning of young Chinese pangolins according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the feed comprises the following components in parts by weight: 6% of colostrum goat milk powder, 2% of whey protein, 2% of soybean protein powder, 25% of black ants, 10% of termites, 5% of bee pupa, 5% of dried silkworm pupa, 5% of earthworm powder, 5% of tenebrio, 3% of chitin, 8% of termite nest soil, 12% of pears, 5% of carrots, 4.8% of hawthorns and coconut powder: 2 percent and 0.2 percent of salt.

6. The feed for weaning of young Chinese pangolins according to claim 3, wherein the feed comprises the following components in parts by weight: 6% of colostrum goat milk powder, 2% of whey protein, 2% of soybean protein powder, 25% of black ants, 10% of termites, 5% of bee pupa, 5% of dried silkworm pupa, 5% of earthworm powder, 5% of bread worm, 3% of chitin, 8% of termite nest soil, 12% of pears, 5% of carrots, 4.3% of hawthorns and coconut powder: 2%, salt 0.2%, multi-element vitamin tablet 0.4% and microelement tablet 0.1%.

7. The feed for weaning of young Chinese pangolins according to claim 4, wherein the feed comprises the following components in parts by weight: 8% of colostrum goat milk powder, 5% of whey protein, 4% of soybean protein powder, 20% of black ants, 15% of termites, 8% of bee pupa, 5% of dried silkworm pupa, 2% of earthworm powder, 5% of bread worm, 3% of chitin, 3% of termite nest soil, 8% of pears, 5% of carrots, 1.3% of hawthorns and coconut powder: 5 percent of salt, 0.2 percent of multi-element vitamin tablets, 0.4 percent of trace element tablets and 2 percent of bacillus subtilis dual viable bacteria particles.

8. A method for attracting Chinese pangolin cubs is characterized in that the Chinese pangolin cubs which are fed with feed actively are attracted with the feed for weaning directly in the weaning period, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:

mixing the weaning feed of any one of claims 1 to 7 and water in a weight ratio of 5:3, uniformly mixing and crushing to obtain a powdery mixed feed A;

providing the powdery mixed feed A for autonomous ingestion of young Chinese pangolins;

the powdery mixed feed A is put once a day.

9. A method for attracting Chinese pangolin pups is characterized in that in a weaning period, the Chinese pangolin pups which refuse to eat weaning feed actively are attracted according to the following steps:

mixing the weaning feed of claim 4 or 7 and water in a weight ratio of 5:3, uniformly mixing and crushing to obtain a powdery mixed feed B;

the powdery mixed feed B and water are mixed according to the weight ratio of 1:10, adding the powdery mixed feed B into drinking water of the young Chinese pangolins, and inducing the young Chinese pangolins to eat;

gradually increasing the proportion of the mixed feed in the drinking water until the young Chinese pangolins automatically eat the powdery mixed feed B which is not added into the drinking water;

the powdery mixed feed A is put once a day.

10. A method for attracting Chinese pangolin cubs is characterized by comprising the following two stages:

a first stage of feeding with a weaning feed according to claim 4 or 7;

in the second phase, normal defecation of young chinese pangolins is observed, fed with the weaning feed according to any one of claims 1, 2 or 5, alternated with the weaning feed according to any one of claims 3 or 6, every other day.