CN115015393A - Automatic concrete defect inspection device and method based on impact echo audio frequency method - Google Patents
Automatic concrete defect inspection device and method based on impact echo audio frequency method Download PDFInfo
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- CN115015393A CN115015393A CN202210736658.3A CN202210736658A CN115015393A CN 115015393 A CN115015393 A CN 115015393A CN 202210736658 A CN202210736658 A CN 202210736658A CN 115015393 A CN115015393 A CN 115015393A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/04—Analysing solids
- G01N29/045—Analysing solids by imparting shocks to the workpiece and detecting the vibrations or the acoustic waves caused by the shocks
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/04—Analysing solids
- G01N29/12—Analysing solids by measuring frequency or resonance of acoustic waves
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/22—Details, e.g. general constructional or apparatus details
- G01N29/225—Supports, positioning or alignment in moving situation
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/22—Details, e.g. general constructional or apparatus details
- G01N29/26—Arrangements for orientation or scanning by relative movement of the head and the sensor
- G01N29/265—Arrangements for orientation or scanning by relative movement of the head and the sensor by moving the sensor relative to a stationary material
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
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- G01N2291/014—Resonance or resonant frequency
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
- G01N2291/02—Indexing codes associated with the analysed material
- G01N2291/028—Material parameters
- G01N2291/0289—Internal structure, e.g. defects, grain size, texture
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
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Abstract
The invention discloses an automatic concrete defect inspection device and method based on an impact echo audio frequency method.A collision structure is contacted with the ground, and an echo collection structure is arranged close to the collision structure; the data acquisition instrument is electrically connected with the camera, the encoder and the echo collection structure; the driving motor drives the detection moving body to move at a constant speed, the detection moving body moves at a constant speed to drive the impact structure to impact the concrete ground at a constant frequency, and the encoder is arranged on the driving motor; the wireless communication module is electrically connected with the data acquisition instrument, is in communication connection with the computer end to receive route control of the computer end, and is also used for transmitting the acquired echo information to the computer end to analyze the defects of the detection surface; the method comprises the following steps: the computer end drives the ball chain to knock the ground at constant frequency and amplitude by uniform motion along an appointed line through the wireless communication module control device, and a microphone is used for receiving a reflected echo signal, so that automatic detection is realized; the detection accuracy is improved by using a microphone.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of nondestructive testing, in particular to an automatic concrete defect inspection device and method based on an impact echo acoustic frequency method.
Background
The concrete has the advantages of wide material source, simple manufacturing process, excellent mechanical property and the like, is an important civil engineering material, and the quality level of the concrete influences the safety of an engineering structure. The quality defects of the concrete pavement are divided into appearance defects and internal defects, the appearance defects are easy to identify and repair, the internal defects are more dangerous and cannot be directly observed, and the method has important significance in nondestructive testing of the internal defects.
The impact echo acoustic frequency method is a nondestructive testing method which replaces a sensor with a non-contact sound pickup on the basis of the impact echo method. Specifically, the impact echo method is to apply an impact to the surface of the concrete by using an excitation source to generate elastic waves, the elastic waves are continuously reflected on the upper surface, the lower surface and the internal defects of the concrete to form instantaneous resonance, a sensor is used for receiving a reflected echo signal, and the reflected echo signal is subjected to spectrum analysis to determine whether the internal defects exist in the concrete in a measured area.
In order to solve the problem of slow detection speed of the impulse echo method, patent document No. CN 112684003a proposes a mobile fast detection device of the impulse echo method. The device uses the steel ball as an excitation source, the bracket is pushed to move manually, and the motor controls the steel ball to knock the ground, so that the effect of rapid detection is achieved. The patent document of the publication number CN112666255A proposes a system and a method for quickly detecting shallow layer of a concrete bridge deck slab, wherein the system uses a plurality of ball chains as excitation sources, and the ball chains simultaneously knock the ground under the manual pushing, so as to achieve the parallel use of multiple channels and greatly improve the detection efficiency. However, the two devices are both manually driven, and it is difficult to keep the devices moving at a constant speed, which causes different fluctuation degrees of the excitation sources, thereby causing different impact strengths to the ground and affecting the accuracy of the detection result.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an automatic concrete defect inspection device and method based on an impact echo acoustic frequency method, and solves the problems that the existing device is low in detection speed and difficult to keep the device moving at a constant speed, so that the fluctuation degrees of excitation sources are different, the impact strength on the ground is different, and the accuracy of a detection result is influenced.
The invention is realized by the automatic inspection device for the concrete defects based on the impact echo acoustic frequency method,
the device comprises a detection moving body, an impact structure, an echo collection structure, a data acquisition instrument, a driving motor, a camera, a wireless communication module and an encoder,
the impact structure is arranged at the bottom of the detection moving body and is in contact with the ground, and the echo collection structure is arranged on the detection moving body and is close to the impact structure;
the data acquisition instrument is arranged on the detection moving body and is electrically connected with the camera, the encoder and the echo collection structure;
the driving motor drives the detection moving body to move at a constant speed, the detection moving body moves at a constant speed to drive the impact structure to impact the concrete ground at a constant frequency, and the encoder is arranged on the driving motor;
the camera is arranged in front of the detected moving body;
the wireless communication module is arranged on the detection moving body and electrically connected with the data acquisition instrument, and the wireless communication module is used for being in communication connection with the computer end to receive the route control of the computer end and transmitting the acquired echo information to the computer end to analyze the defects of the detection surface.
The further technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the detection moving body comprises a detection trolley and tires arranged on the front side and the rear side of the detection trolley, and the driving motor drives the tires to roll.
The further technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the impact structure comprises a traction plate and a ball chain connected with the traction plate.
The invention further adopts the technical scheme that: one end of the ball chain is connected with the traction plate, and the other end of the ball chain is in contact with the ground and impacts the ground when the detection moving body moves. The quality of the ball body on the ball chain is formulated according to the condition, and the ball body on the ball chain can jump up and down to impact the concrete ground in the movement process of the detection moving body.
The further technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the echo collection structure comprises a microphone and a sound collector sleeved outside the microphone, and the microphone is located at the center of the sound collector.
The further technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the longitudinal section of the sound collector is parabolic.
The echo collection structure is arranged in the middle of the bottom surface of the detection moving body. The shock wave generated when the small ball on the ball chain strikes the ground can generate a reflection echo when encountering the internal defects of the concrete pavement, the reflection echo leaks in the air and is reflected and focused to the center of the parabolic condenser after encountering the parabolic condenser, namely the position of the microphone, and the amplitude and the signal-to-noise ratio can be improved by reflecting and focusing the echo signal while keeping the peak frequency unchanged.
The further technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the wireless communication module adopts an ESP8266 module. The router is connected with the internet, and the computer end realizes the remote control of the automatic inspection device through the internet. The camera transmits data to the computer end in real time, so that the computer end can observe the position and the front image of the trolley in real time.
The further technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the device further comprises a battery, wherein the battery is arranged on the detection moving body and is electrically connected with the wireless communication module, the driving motor, the data acquisition instrument and the camera.
The automatic concrete defect inspection method based on the impact echo acoustic frequency method is based on the device and comprises the following steps:
step one, presetting a forward route and a forward speed of a detection moving body at a computer terminal and issuing a command, driving the detection moving body to carry out uniform inspection along a specified route through a driving motor, and recording a running track of the detection moving body by using an encoder;
step two, detecting that the moving body drives the ball chain to regularly vibrate and knock the concrete pavement in the moving process to generate elastic waves, wherein the elastic waves are continuously reflected at the concrete defect to form instantaneous resonance, and an echo collecting structure is used for collecting reflected echo signals and transmitting data back to a computer end through a wireless communication module;
converting the collected reflection echo signals into frequency domain signals by using data processing software at a computer end, and judging whether the concrete in the area has internal defects or not by analyzing a frequency domain curve;
and step four, finishing the automatic inspection, and waiting for the computer to reissue the instruction for a new round of automatic inspection.
The further technical scheme of the invention is as follows: and in the third step, the running track of the detection moving body is combined with the frequency domain curve, and the corresponding relation between the signal amplitude and the space position of the detected area is established, so that the position and the shape of the internal defect of the concrete pavement are determined.
The further technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the camera is arranged in front of the detection mobile body and transmits real-time road conditions to the computer end by being connected with the wireless communication module.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the automatic inspection device for the internal defects of the concrete pavement based on the impulse echo acoustic frequency method, the computer end controls the detection trolley to move at a constant speed along the appointed line through the wireless communication module to drive the ball chain to knock the ground at a constant frequency and amplitude, and the microphone is used for receiving the reflected echo signal, so that automatic detection is realized, and the problem of irregular amplitude and frequency of an excitation source caused by manual pushing is solved; a microphone is used for receiving a reflected echo of a knocking point, and a parabolic sound collector is arranged above the microphone, so that the reflected echo in the air is focused on the microphone, the energy of the detected echo is improved, and the detection precision is improved;
the automatic inspection device provided by the invention can realize automatic inspection according to a prefabricated route, is flexible to operate, and the detection trolley moves at a constant speed to drive the ball chain to regularly impact the concrete pavement so as to realize automation of the excitation source, so that the manpower is saved, and the influence of manual pushing on the stability of the excitation source is avoided;
the nondestructive testing method adopted by the invention is an impact echo acoustic frequency method, and the microphone is used as a receiving sensor to realize non-contact testing, so that the influence of the coupling effect on the testing result can be ignored, and the cost is saved;
the parabolic sound collectors are arranged on the periphery of the sensor, so that the reflected echo signals can be effectively focused on the sensor, the amplitude of the echo signals is enhanced, and the detection precision is improved;
according to the invention, the acquired data is analyzed and processed at the computer terminal, and a data processing module is not required to be configured on the detection trolley, so that the cost is saved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an automatic inspection device for concrete defects based on an impact echo acoustic frequency method, provided by the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a tire provided by the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a block circuit framework diagram of the automatic inspection device for concrete defects based on an impact echo acoustic frequency method provided by the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an echo collection structure provided by the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a flow chart of the concrete defect automatic inspection method based on the impact echo acoustic frequency method provided by the invention.
Reference numerals: 1-detection trolley, 2-tire, 3-battery, 4-impact structure, 5-microphone, 6-data acquisition instrument, 7-driving motor, 8-sound gathering device, 9-camera, 10-wireless communication module and 11-encoder.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to specific embodiments, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will be easily understood by those skilled in the art from the disclosure of the present specification. The invention is capable of other and different embodiments and of being practiced or of being carried out in various ways, and its several details are capable of modification in various respects, all without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that the structures, ratios, sizes, and the like shown in the drawings attached to the present specification are only used for matching the disclosure of the present specification, so as to be understood and read by those skilled in the art, and are not used to limit the conditions of the present invention, so that the present invention has no technical essence, and any structural modification, ratio relationship change, or size adjustment should still fall within the scope of the present invention without affecting the efficacy and the achievable purpose of the present invention. In addition, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "middle" and "one" used in the present specification are for clarity of description, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and the relative relationship between the terms and the terms is not to be construed as a scope of the present invention.
The first embodiment is as follows:
figures 1-4 show an automatic inspection device for concrete defects based on the impulse echo acoustic method,
the device comprises a detection moving body, an impact structure 4, an echo collection structure, a data acquisition instrument 6, a driving motor 7, a camera 9, a wireless communication module 10 and an encoder 11,
the impact structure 4 is arranged at the bottom of the detection moving body and is in contact with the ground, and the echo collection structure is arranged on the detection moving body and is close to the impact structure 4;
the data acquisition instrument 6 is arranged on the detection moving body and is electrically connected with the camera 9, the encoder 11 and the echo collection structure;
the driving motor 7 drives the detection moving body to move at a constant speed, the detection moving body moves at a constant speed to drive the impact structure 4 to impact the concrete ground at a constant frequency, and the encoder 11 is arranged on the driving motor 7;
the camera 9 is arranged in front of the detected moving body;
the wireless communication module 10 is arranged on the detection moving body and electrically connected with the data acquisition instrument 6, and the wireless communication module 10 is used for being in communication connection with a computer end to receive route control of the computer end and transmitting acquired echo information to the computer end to analyze defects of a detection surface.
In this embodiment, the detection moving body comprises a detection trolley 1 and tires 2 arranged on the front side and the rear side of the detection trolley 1, and the driving motor 7 drives the tires 2 to roll.
In the present embodiment, the impact structure 4 comprises a traction plate and a ball chain connected to the traction plate.
In this embodiment, one end of the ball chain is connected to the traction plate, and the other end of the ball chain contacts the ground and impacts the ground when the detection moving body moves. The quality of the ball body on the ball chain is formulated according to the condition, and the ball body on the ball chain can jump up and down to impact the concrete ground in the movement process of the detection moving body.
In this embodiment, the echo collection structure includes a microphone 5 and a sound collector 8 sleeved outside the microphone 5, and the microphone 5 is located at the center of the sound collector 8.
In the present embodiment, the longitudinal section of the sound collector 8 is parabolic.
The echo collection structure is arranged in the middle of the bottom surface of the detection moving body. The shock wave generated when the small ball on the ball chain strikes the ground can generate a reflection echo when encountering the internal defects of the concrete pavement, the reflection echo leaks in the air and is reflected and focused to the center of the parabolic condenser after encountering the parabolic condenser, namely the position of the microphone, and the amplitude and the signal-to-noise ratio can be improved by reflecting and focusing the echo signal while keeping the peak frequency unchanged.
In the present embodiment, the wireless communication module 10 employs an ESP8266 module. The router is connected with the internet, and the computer end realizes the remote control of the automatic inspection device through the internet. The camera transmits data to the computer end in real time, so that the computer end can observe the position and the front image of the trolley in real time.
In this embodiment, the camera is disposed in front of the mobile detection body, and transmits real-time road conditions to the computer terminal by connecting the wireless communication module.
In this embodiment, the device further comprises a battery 3, wherein the battery 3 is disposed on the detection mobile body and is electrically connected to the wireless communication module 10, the driving motor 7, the data acquisition instrument 6 and the camera 9.
Example two:
fig. 1-5 show an automatic inspection method for concrete defects based on an impact echo acoustic method, which is based on the device in the first embodiment and comprises the following steps:
step one, presetting a forward route and a forward speed of a detection moving body at a computer terminal and issuing a command, driving the detection moving body to carry out uniform inspection along a specified route through a driving motor, and recording a running track of the detection moving body by using an encoder;
step two, detecting that the moving body drives the ball chain to regularly vibrate and knock the concrete pavement in the moving process to generate elastic waves, wherein the elastic waves are continuously reflected at the concrete defect to form instantaneous resonance, and an echo collecting structure is used for collecting reflected echo signals and transmitting data back to a computer end through a wireless communication module;
converting the collected reflection echo signals into frequency domain signals by using data processing software at a computer end, and judging whether the concrete in the area has internal defects or not by analyzing a frequency domain curve;
and step four, finishing the automatic inspection, and waiting for the computer to reissue the instruction for a new round of automatic inspection.
In this embodiment, in the third step, the driving track of the moving body is detected and is combined with the frequency domain curve, and the corresponding relationship between the signal amplitude and the spatial position of the detected region is established, so as to determine the position and shape of the internal defect of the concrete pavement.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. Automatic inspection device of concrete defect based on strike echo audio frequency method, its characterized in that: the device comprises a detection moving body, an impact structure (4), an echo collection structure, a data acquisition instrument (6), a driving motor (7), a camera (9), a wireless communication module (10) and an encoder (11),
the impact structure (4) is arranged at the bottom of the detection moving body and is in contact with the ground, and the echo collection structure is arranged on the detection moving body and is close to the impact structure (4);
the data acquisition instrument (6) is arranged on the detection moving body and is electrically connected with the camera (9), the encoder (11) and the echo collection structure;
the driving motor (7) drives the detection moving body to move at a constant speed, the detection moving body moves at a constant speed to drive the impact structure (4) to impact the concrete ground at a constant frequency, and the encoder (11) is arranged on the driving motor (7);
the camera (9) is arranged in front of the detected moving body;
the wireless communication module (10) is arranged on the detection mobile body and electrically connected with the data acquisition instrument (6), and the wireless communication module (10) is used for being in communication connection with a computer end to receive route control of the computer end and transmitting acquired echo information to the computer end to analyze defects of a detection surface.
2. The automatic concrete defect inspection device based on an impact echo acoustic method according to claim 1, characterized in that the impact structure (4) comprises a traction plate and a ball chain connected with the traction plate.
3. The automatic concrete defect inspection device based on the impact echo acoustic frequency method is characterized in that one end of the ball chain is connected with the traction plate, the other end of the ball chain is in contact with the ground, and the ball chain impacts the ground when the detection moving body moves.
4. The automatic concrete defect inspection device based on the impact echo acoustic frequency method is characterized in that the detection moving body comprises a detection trolley (1) and tires (2) arranged on the front side and the rear side of the detection trolley (1), and the driving motor (7) drives the tires (2) to roll.
5. The automatic concrete defect inspection device based on the impact echo audio method is characterized in that the echo collection structure comprises a microphone (5) and a sound collector (8) sleeved outside the microphone (5), wherein the microphone (5) is positioned at the center of the sound collector (8).
6. The automatic inspection device for concrete defects based on an impact echo acoustic frequency method according to claim 5, characterized in that the longitudinal section of the sound collector (8) is parabolic.
7. The automatic concrete defect inspection device based on the impact echo acoustic method is characterized in that the wireless communication module (10) adopts an ESP8266 module.
8. The automatic concrete defect inspection device based on the impact echo audio method is characterized by further comprising a battery (3), wherein the battery (3) is arranged on the detection mobile body and is electrically connected with the wireless communication module (10), the driving motor (7), the data acquisition instrument (6) and the camera (9).
9. Method for the automatic inspection of concrete defects based on the impulse echo acoustic method, characterized in that it is based on the device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising the following steps:
step one, presetting a forward route and a forward speed of a detection moving body at a computer terminal and issuing a command, driving the detection moving body to carry out uniform inspection along a specified route through a driving motor, and recording a running track of the detection moving body by using an encoder;
step two, detecting that the moving body drives the ball chain to regularly vibrate and knock the concrete pavement in the moving process to generate elastic waves, wherein the elastic waves are continuously reflected at the concrete defect to form instantaneous resonance, and an echo collecting structure is used for collecting reflected echo signals and transmitting data back to a computer end through a wireless communication module;
converting the collected reflection echo signals into frequency domain signals by using data processing software at a computer end, and judging whether the concrete in the area has internal defects or not by analyzing a frequency domain curve;
and step four, finishing the automatic inspection, and waiting for the computer to reissue the instruction for a new round of automatic inspection.
10. The automatic concrete defect inspection method based on the impact echo acoustic frequency method according to claim 9, characterized in that in the third step, the travel track of the moving body is combined with the frequency domain curve, and the corresponding relation between the signal amplitude and the spatial position of the area to be inspected is established, so as to determine the position and shape of the internal defect of the concrete pavement.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116381051A (en) * | 2023-06-06 | 2023-07-04 | 安徽中铁工程技术有限公司 | Railway bridge tunnel concrete compactness detection device and detection system thereof |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116381051A (en) * | 2023-06-06 | 2023-07-04 | 安徽中铁工程技术有限公司 | Railway bridge tunnel concrete compactness detection device and detection system thereof |
| CN116381051B (en) * | 2023-06-06 | 2023-08-25 | 安徽中铁工程技术有限公司 | Railway bridge tunnel concrete compactness detection device and detection system thereof |
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