CN115015224A - Grading evaluation method for determining water body environment risk by using heavy metal contained in fly ash - Google Patents
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- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 100
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 95
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 81
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002920 hazardous waste Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000120 microwave digestion Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N perchloric acid Chemical compound OCl(=O)(=O)=O VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010791 domestic waste Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010606 normalization Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 description 25
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000002354 inductively-coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000149 chemical water pollutant Substances 0.000 description 5
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000029087 digestion Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910052745 lead Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QZPSXPBJTPJTSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N aqua regia Chemical compound Cl.O[N+]([O-])=O QZPSXPBJTPJTSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004056 waste incineration Methods 0.000 description 2
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012496 blank sample Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011038 discontinuous diafiltration by volume reduction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- ZODDGFAZWTZOSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitric acid;sulfuric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O.OS(O)(=O)=O ZODDGFAZWTZOSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- -1 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012086 standard solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfuric acid Substances OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013585 weight reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
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- G01N21/71—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light thermally excited
- G01N21/73—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light thermally excited using plasma burners or torches
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
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- G01N1/44—Sample treatment involving radiation, e.g. heat
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
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- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/152—Water filtration
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02A20/20—Controlling water pollution; Waste water treatment
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Abstract
The invention discloses a grading evaluation method for measuring water body environmental risk by using heavy metal contained in fly ash, which is implemented by carrying out grading evaluation on three basic indexes, namely the concentration C of heavy metal in water body to be evaluated mi And the leaching concentration C of heavy metals in the pure water m0 And the heavy metal concentration C of the fly ash after the reaction in the water body to be evaluated m The environmental risk grading evaluation method of the heavy metal in the water body is provided by carrying out normalization treatment and analysis.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of environmental risk evaluation, and particularly relates to a grading evaluation method for determining water body environmental risk by using heavy metal contained in fly ash.
Background
According to 2021, the transport volume of domestic garbage is 23511.7 ten thousand tons in 2020 nationwide, wherein the harmless treatment volume by the incineration method is 14607.6 ten thousand tons, and the proportion of the harmless treatment volume in the transport volume is 62.1%. The household garbage incineration method is rapidly popularized in recent years due to the advantages of high volume reduction and weight reduction ratio of garbage, high harmless degree, recoverable heat, small occupied area and the like, and particularly in large and medium-sized cities, the household garbage incineration ratio is continuously improved. The fly ash generated by incineration is generally 3-5% of the mass of the domestic garbage, and the generation amount of the fly ash generated by the incineration of the domestic garbage is increased year by year under the background that the generation amount of the domestic garbage and the incineration proportion of the domestic garbage are continuously increased.
At present, the resource utilization of the household garbage incineration fly ash has been studied and applied to a certain extent, but the resource utilization of the household garbage incineration fly ash is limited because the household garbage incineration fly ash contains various heavy metals and high-content soluble salts. Therefore, the landfill of the stabilized harmful substances is still the main disposal way of the fly ash from the incineration of the household garbage for a long time in the future. After being treated, the household garbage incineration fly ash can enter a dangerous waste landfill or a household garbage landfill according to different standards. In a long-term landfill process, the fly ash may contact with leachate of a landfill or other surrounding water environments, but currently, the leaching evaluation method for the fly ash is mainly leaching under several common standard solutions, and an instructive evaluation method for leaching in a practical possible water environment is lacking.
Disclosure of Invention
1. Problems to be solved
Aiming at the lack of practical and possible instructive leaching evaluation method for heavy metals contained in fly ash in water environment at present, the invention provides a grading evaluation method for measuring water environment risk by using heavy metals contained in fly ash.
2. Technical scheme
In order to solve the problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
[1] a grading evaluation method for determining water body environmental risk by using heavy metal contained in fly ash comprises
Comprises the following steps
1) Analyzing the fly ash, wherein the analysis comprises the total heavy metal content and the leaching toxicity of the heavy metal in the fly ash, and selecting an evaluation index, wherein the evaluation index is the type of the heavy metal to be evaluated;
2) determining the background concentration C of heavy metals contained in the water body to be evaluated mi ；
Measuring the concentration C of heavy metal in liquid phase after the reaction of fly ash in pure water m0 ；
Measuring the concentration C of heavy metal in liquid phase after the reaction of the fly ash in the water body to be evaluated m ；
3) Calculating the transfer conversion factor MT of heavy metal in fly ash m
wherein ,Cm The concentration of heavy metals in a liquid phase after the fly ash reacts in a water body to be evaluated;
C mi in order to evaluate the background concentration of the heavy metal in the water body,
C m0 the concentration of heavy metal in liquid phase after the fly ash is reacted in pure water;
4) the control points DZ1 were calculated separately m Control point DZ2 m Control point DZ3 m Value of (A)
5) According to the comparison points, the migration and conversion factors of the heavy metals in the fly ash are graded, and the risk of the heavy metals in the fly ash generated by burning the domestic waste in the water body environment is graded and evaluated.
It should be noted that, the steps 1) and 2) do not need to be specially distinguished in sequence.
[2] Further, the content of the copper element is 0-100 mg/L;
the total amount of heavy metals contained in the fly ash is analyzed by adopting a microwave digestion method to treat the fly ash, an acid-containing system is used for the treatment, and the acid-containing system has HNO with a volume ratio of 3:1 (0.3-1.2) 3 HCl, HF; preferably HNO having a 3:1:1 volume ratio 3 :HCl:HF；
[3] Further, the heavy metal leaching toxicity is analyzed according to GB 5085.3-2007 Standard for identification of hazardous waste leaching toxicity.
[4] Further, the method for determining the background concentration of the heavy metal in the water body to be evaluated comprises the following steps:
standing a water body sample to be evaluated for 12-18 h, taking supernatant, and detecting the concentration of heavy metal in the supernatant by a microwave digestion method, wherein an acid-containing system is required for the treatment, and the acid-containing system has HNO with a volume ratio of 3:1 (0.3-1.2) 3 HCl, HF; preferably HNO having a 3:1:1 volume ratio 3 :HCl:HF。
[5] Further, if the water body to be evaluated contains organic components, the acid removing stage is provided after the treatment of the microwave digestion method, and perchloric acid is added in the acid removing stage.
[6] Further, the reaction conditions of the fly ash in pure water are that the solid-liquid ratio is 1g: 18-22 mL, the temperature is 25 +/-2 ℃, the rotating speed is 120-200 r/min, and the time is 18 +/-2 hours;
preferably, the reaction conditions of the fly ash in pure water are that the solid-liquid ratio is 1g:20mL, the temperature is 25 ℃, the rotating speed is 120r/min, and the time is 18 +/-2 h.
[7] Further, the reaction conditions of the fly ash in the water body to be evaluated are that the solid-to-liquid ratio is 1g to (18-22) mL, the temperature is 25 +/-2 ℃, the rotating speed is 120-200 r/min, and the time is 18 +/-2 hours;
preferably, the reaction conditions of the fly ash in the water body to be evaluated are that the solid-liquid ratio is 1g to 20mL, the temperature is 25 ℃, the rotating speed is 120r/min, and the time is 18 +/-2 h.
[8]Further, the step of classifying the migration conversion factors of the heavy metals in the fly ash according to the control points specifically means that the migration conversion factors MT are classified according to the control points m The division into three levels:
the first level satisfies: MT (MT) m ＞DZ1 m ；
And the second level satisfies: DZ2 m ＜MT m ≤DZ1 m Alternatively, DZ3 m ＜MT m ≤DZ1 m ；
The third level satisfies: MT (multiple terminal) m ≤DZ2 m At the same time, MT m ≤DZ3 m 。
[9] Further, the three levels of risk are ranked one > two > three.
3. Advantageous effects
Compared with the prior art, the method for determining the water body environment risk grading evaluation by using the heavy metal contained in the fly ash comprises the following steps:
three basic indexes, namely the concentration C of the heavy metal in the water body to be evaluated mi And the leaching concentration C of heavy metals in the pure water m0 And the heavy metal concentration C of the fly ash after the reaction in the water body to be evaluated m The environmental risk grading evaluation method of the heavy metal in the water body is provided by carrying out normalization treatment and analysis.
The method has the advantages of rapidness, high efficiency, intuition, simple operation, low cost and the like, and provides reference for the environmental risk evaluation of the fly ash from the incineration of the domestic waste in the actual water body.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a risk classification evaluation of heavy metals in fly ash from incineration of household garbage in an embodiment of the invention;
in the figure:
MSW represents the leachate of the domestic refuse landfill;
HM denotes hazardous waste landfill leachate.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples, which are not intended to limit the invention in any way. Reagents, methods and apparatus used in the present invention are conventional reagents, methods and apparatus in the art, unless otherwise specified;
the essential features and the remarkable effects of the present invention can be obtained from the following examples, which are a part of the examples of the present invention, but not all of them, and therefore they do not limit the present invention, and those skilled in the art should make some insubstantial modifications and adjustments according to the contents of the present invention, and fall within the scope of the present invention.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs; as used herein, the term and/or includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
As used herein, "background concentration" refers to the concentration of a substance in a body of water after it has been substantially mixed.
The invention provides a method for evaluating the environmental risk of the heavy metal in the fly ash generated by burning household garbage in a water body in a grading manner, which comprises the following steps:
step one, analyzing heavy metals in the household garbage incineration fly ash, and selecting the heavy metal types to be evaluated
Treating fly ash by microwave digestion method, wherein the acid system is hydrofluoroacid (also called Lufot aqua regia) and the volume ratio of the acid is HNO 3 The total amount of heavy metals in the household garbage incineration fly ash is calculated by testing a sample by using ICP-OES (inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry). Heavy metal leaching toxicity in fly ash is analyzed according to GB 5085.3-2007 'Standard for identification of hazardous waste Leaching toxicity identification'. And selecting the heavy metal species to be evaluated according to the analysis and test result.
Step two, determining the background concentration of heavy metals in the water body to be evaluated, the concentration of heavy metals in a liquid phase after the fly ash reacts in pure water, and the concentration of heavy metals in the liquid phase after the fly ash reacts in the water body to be evaluated
The method for measuring the background concentration of the heavy metal in the water body to be evaluated comprises the steps of standing a water body sample to be evaluated for 12 hours, taking supernate to digest and measure the concentration of the heavy metal in the supernateThe acid system is the hydrofluoric acid added with the water aqua regia, and the volume ratio of the acid is HNO 3 HCl and HF are 3:1:1, and perchloric acid is added in the stage of dispelling acid after digestion if organic components are contained in the water body to be evaluated. The measuring conditions of the heavy metal concentration of the fly ash in pure water and the water body to be evaluated are that the solid-liquid ratio is 1g:20mL, the temperature is 25 ℃, the rotating speed is 120r/min, and the time is 18 +/-2 h.
Step three, calculating the transfer conversion factor MT of heavy metals in the fly ash m
wherein ,Cm Is the concentration of heavy metals in the liquid phase after the reaction of the fly ash in the water body to be evaluated, C mi To be evaluated, the background concentration of heavy metals in the water body, C m0 The concentration of heavy metal in liquid phase after the fly ash is reacted in pure water;
step four, respectively calculating a comparison point DZ1 m Control point DZ2 m Control point DZ3 m Value of (A)
Step five, classifying the migration conversion factors of the heavy metals in the fly ash according to the control points, wherein the migration conversion factors are respectively first-grade MT m >DZ1 m Second order DZ2 m <MT m ≤DZ1 m or DZ3m <MT m ≤DZ1 m Three-level MT m ≤DZ2 m While DZ3 m ≤DZ2 m Three levels of risk size are ranked as one level>Second stage>And (3) three stages.
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples:
examples
The domestic waste incineration fly ash is taken from a flue gas purification system of a certain domestic waste incineration power plant in Nanjing.
1) Analyzing and analyzing the content of heavy metal and leaching toxicity in the household garbage incineration fly ash:
0.5g of fly ash is taken and put into a modified polytetrafluoroethylene inner tank matched with a microwave digestion instrument, and 6mL of nitric acid, 2mL of hydrochloric acid and 2mL of hydrofluoric acid are added for digestion. After digestion, the volume is fixed to 50mL, the heavy metal concentration is measured by ICP-OES after the filtration by a filter head with the diameter of 0.45 μm, and the contents of several main heavy metals in the fly ash are calculated and obtained as shown in Table 1.
Fly ash leachate is prepared according to HJ/T299 & lt & gt sulfuric acid-nitric acid method for leaching toxicity of solid waste, namely 10g of fly ash is taken, 100mL of extracting agent is put into the fly ash (mixed solution of concentrated sulfuric acid and concentrated nitric acid with the mass ratio of 2:1 is added into reagent water, the pH value is 3.20 +/-0.05), oscillation is carried out for 18 +/-2 h at the temperature of 25 +/-2 ℃, the heavy metal concentration of the supernatant is measured by ICP-OES after the supernatant is filtered by a filter head with the thickness of 0.45 mu m, and the heavy metal leaching toxicity is analyzed according to the standard in GB 5085.3-2007 & lt & gt Standard for leaching toxicity of hazardous waste, and the result is shown in Table 1.
Three groups of experimental samples are taken as parallel samples, and a group of blank samples are taken.
And (3) analyzing the heavy metal content and the heavy metal leaching toxicity in the fly ash comprehensively, and selecting Pb, Cr, Cu and As As subsequent risk evaluation indexes.
TABLE 1 heavy metal content and heavy metal leaching toxicity in fly ash from incineration of household garbage
2) Analyzing the background concentration of heavy metals in the water body to be evaluated:
considering that the final disposal of the fly ash from the incineration of the household garbage may enter a household garbage landfill or a hazardous waste landfill and may be exposed to the two actual environments in the future, the embodiment selects the leachate of the household garbage landfill and the leachate of the hazardous waste landfill as the investigation targets, and analyzes the potential risks of the heavy metals in the fly ash in the two water environments. Wherein the domestic garbage landfill leachate (MSW) is taken from a certain domestic garbage landfill in Nanjing, and the hazardous waste landfill leachate (HM) is taken from a certain hazardous waste landfill in Yangzhou. The concentrations of Pb, Cr, Cu and As in the two percolates are determined by standing the percolate sample for 12h, taking 1mL of supernatant to digest, adding 2mL of perchloric acid in the same digestion method As the fly ash in the acid-expelling stage, and finally determining the concentration of heavy metals by ICP-OES, wherein the results are shown in Table 2. Three groups of experimental samples are taken as parallel samples.
3) The concentration of heavy metals in the liquid phase of the fly ash after the reaction in pure water and the water body to be evaluated
10g of fly ash is taken and put into 200mL of pure water or percolate, the temperature is 25 ℃, the rotating speed is 120r/min, the oscillation is carried out for 18 +/-2 h, the supernatant fluid is taken, the supernatant fluid is filtered by a filter head with the diameter of 0.45 mu m, and the concentration of Pb, Cr, Cu and As is measured by ICP-OES, and the result is shown in Table 2. Three groups of experimental samples are taken as parallel samples.
TABLE 2 concentration of heavy metals in leachate and concentration of fly ash after reaction in pure water and leachate/(mg/L)
3) Calculating the transfer conversion factor MT of heavy metal in fly ash m And the control point DZ1 m 、DZ2 m 、DZ3 m The value of (c):
calculating the transfer conversion factor MT of heavy metals in fly ash according to the formula (1) m The control point DZ1 is calculated according to the formula (2), the formula (3) and the formula (4), respectively m Control point DZ2 m Control point DZ3 m A value of (d);
the calculation results are shown in table 3.
wherein ,Cm Is the concentration of heavy metals in the liquid phase after the reaction of the fly ash in the water body to be evaluated, C mi To be evaluated, the background concentration of heavy metals in the water body, C m0 Is the concentration of heavy metals in the liquid phase after the fly ash is reacted in pure water.
TABLE 3 migration transformation factors and control points for heavy metals
5) Classifying migration conversion factors of heavy metals in the fly ash:
according to the control points, the migration conversion factors of heavy metals in fly ash were classified, as shown in FIG. 1, and are first-class MT m >DZ1 m Second order DZ2 m ORDZ3 m <MT m ≤DZ1 m Three-level MT m ≤DZ2 m ANDDZ3 m Three levels of risk size are ranked as one level>Second stage>And (3) three stages.
As can be seen from fig. 1, the risk level of Cu in the domestic refuse landfill leachate (Cu-MSW) and the hazardous waste landfill leachate (Cu-HM) is one level, which indicates that the potential risk of Cu in fly ash is high in the two water environments, and the solidification and stabilization of Cu should be concerned in the fly ash treatment process. The risk levels of Pb and As in these two water environments are roughly of the second order and need to be handled As the case may be. The risk level of Cr in the two water body environments belongs to three levels, and the potential environmental risk is small.
Claims (9)
1. A grading evaluation method for determining water body environmental risk by using heavy metal contained in fly ash is characterized in that,
the method comprises the following steps:
1) analyzing the fly ash, wherein the analysis comprises the total heavy metal content and the leaching toxicity of the heavy metal in the fly ash, and selecting an evaluation index, wherein the evaluation index is the type of the heavy metal to be evaluated;
2) determining the background concentration C of heavy metals contained in the water body to be evaluated mi ；
Measuring the concentration C of heavy metal in liquid phase after the reaction of fly ash in pure water m0 ；
Measuring the concentration C of heavy metal in liquid phase after the reaction of the fly ash in the water body to be evaluated m ；
3) Calculating the transfer conversion factor MT of heavy metal in fly ash m
wherein ,Cm The concentration of heavy metals in a liquid phase after the fly ash reacts in a water body to be evaluated;
C mi in order to evaluate the background concentration of the heavy metal in the water body,
C m0 the concentration of heavy metal in liquid phase after the fly ash is reacted in pure water;
4) the control points DZ1 were calculated separately m Control point DZ2 m Control point DZ3 m Value of (A)
5) According to the comparison points, the migration and conversion factors of the heavy metals in the fly ash are graded, and the risk of the heavy metals in the fly ash generated by burning the domestic waste in the water body environment is graded and evaluated.
2. The method for grading and evaluating the environmental risk of water body by using the heavy metal contained in fly ash according to claim 1,
the total amount of heavy metals contained in the fly ash is analyzed by adopting a microwave digestion method to treat the fly ash, an acid-containing system is used for the treatment, and the acid-containing system has HNO with a volume ratio of 3:1 (0.3-1.2) 3 :HCl:HF。
3. The method for grading and evaluating the environmental risk of water body by using the heavy metal contained in fly ash according to claim 2,
the leaching toxicity of the heavy metal is analyzed according to GB 5085.3-2007 ' Standard for identifying hazardous waste ' leaching toxicity identification '.
4. The method for grading and evaluating the environmental risk of water body by using the heavy metal contained in fly ash according to claim 2,
the method for measuring the background concentration of the heavy metal in the water body to be evaluated comprises the following steps:
standing a water body sample to be evaluated for 12-18 h, taking supernate, and detecting the concentration of heavy metal in the supernate by adopting a microwave digestion method, wherein an acid-containing system is required for treatment, and the acid-containing system is 3:1: (0.3-1.2) volume ratio of HNO 3 ∶HCl∶HF。
5. The method for graded evaluation of environmental risk of water body by using heavy metal contained in fly ash according to claim 4,
if the water body to be evaluated contains organic components, the acid removing stage is provided after the treatment by the microwave digestion method, and perchloric acid is added in the acid removing stage.
6. The method for graded evaluation of environmental risk of water body by using heavy metal contained in fly ash according to claim 4,
the reaction conditions of the fly ash in pure water are that the solid-liquid ratio is 1g:20mL, the temperature is 25 ℃, the rotating speed is 120r/min, and the time is 18 +/-2 h.
7. The method for graded evaluation of environmental risk of water body by using heavy metal contained in fly ash according to claim 5,
the reaction conditions of the fly ash in the water body to be evaluated are that the solid-liquid ratio is 1g to 20mL, the temperature is 25 ℃, the rotating speed is 120r/min, and the time is 18 +/-2 h.
8. The method for graded evaluation of environmental risk of water body by using heavy metal contained in fly ash according to claim 4,
the step of grading the migration transformation factors of the heavy metals in the fly ash according to the comparison points specifically means that the migration transformation factors MT are graded according to the comparison points m The division into three levels:
the first level satisfies: MT (MT) m ＞DZ1 m ；
And the second level satisfies: DZ2 m ＜MT m ≤DZ1 m Alternatively, DZ3 m ＜MT m ≤DZ1 m ；
The third level satisfies: MT (MT) m ≤DZ2 m At the same time, MT m ≤DZ3 m 。
9. The method for graded evaluation of environmental risk of water body by using heavy metal contained in fly ash according to claim 8,
the three levels of risk ordering are one level > two level > three level.
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| CN105608324A (en) * | 2015-12-30 | 2016-05-25 | 中国环境科学研究院 | Ecological risk assessment method of heavy metal in river basin sediment based on toxicity effect |
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| CN112147111A (en) * | 2019-06-28 | 2020-12-29 | 华中科技大学 | Method for synchronously measuring total selenium content and selenium valence state in fly ash |
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| CN107202865A (en) * | 2017-05-12 | 2017-09-26 | 上海大学 | Heavy metal stabilizing and the quick determination method of toxicity in domestic garbage incineration flyash |
| CN112147111A (en) * | 2019-06-28 | 2020-12-29 | 华中科技大学 | Method for synchronously measuring total selenium content and selenium valence state in fly ash |
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