CN115014097A - Shell-and-tube heat exchanger with different heating powers - Google Patents
Shell-and-tube heat exchanger with different heating powers Download PDFInfo
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- CN115014097A CN115014097A CN202210310874.1A CN202210310874A CN115014097A CN 115014097 A CN115014097 A CN 115014097A CN 202210310874 A CN202210310874 A CN 202210310874A CN 115014097 A CN115014097 A CN 115014097A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
- F28D7/16—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged in parallel spaced relation
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B1/00—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
- F22B1/28—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method in boilers heated electrically
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F13/00—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing
- F28F13/06—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by affecting the pattern of flow of the heat-exchange media
- F28F13/10—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by affecting the pattern of flow of the heat-exchange media by imparting a pulsating motion to the flow, e.g. by sonic vibration
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/14—Thermal energy storage
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- Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a shell-and-tube heat exchanger with different heating powers, which comprises a shell, wherein tube plates are respectively arranged at two ends of the shell, heat replacement parts are arranged in the shell, a plurality of first heat sources are arranged, the power of each heat source is different, one or more heat sources can be combined to form different heating powers, a plurality of second heat sources are arranged, and the power of each heat source is different. The third heat source is provided in a plurality, each heat source has different power, and different heating power can be formed by one or more combinations. The heating efficiency and the descaling operation can be further realized by the invention.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a shell-and-tube heat exchanger, in particular to a shell-and-tube heat exchanger with different heating powers.
Background
The shell-and-tube heat exchanger is widely applied to industries such as chemical industry, petroleum industry, refrigeration industry, nuclear energy industry and power industry, and due to the worldwide energy crisis, the demand of the heat exchanger in industrial production is more and more, and the quality requirement of the heat exchanger is higher and more. In recent decades, although compact heat exchangers (plate type, plate fin type, pressure welded plate type, etc.), heat pipe type heat exchangers, direct contact type heat exchangers, etc. have been developed rapidly, because the shell and tube type heat exchanger has high reliability and wide adaptability, it still occupies the domination position of yield and usage, and according to relevant statistics, the usage of the shell and tube type heat exchanger in the current industrial device still occupies about 70% of the usage of all heat exchangers.
After the shell-and-tube heat exchanger is scaled, the heat exchanger is cleaned by adopting conventional modes of steam cleaning, back flushing and the like, and the production practice proves that the effect is not good. The end socket of the heat exchanger can only be disassembled, and a physical cleaning mode is adopted, but the mode is adopted for cleaning, so that the operation is complex, the consumed time is long, the investment of manpower and material resources is large, and great difficulty is brought to continuous industrial production.
The mode of passively strengthening heat exchange is to utilize the vibration of the fluid to induce the heat transfer element to realize the heat exchange strengthening, can change the strict prevention of the fluid vibration induction in the heat exchanger into the effective utilization of the vibration, greatly improve the convective heat transfer coefficient of the transmission element at low flow speed, inhibit the dirt on the surface of the heat transfer element by utilizing the vibration, reduce the dirt thermal resistance and realize the composite strengthening heat transfer.
In application, it is found that continuous heating can cause the internal fluid to form stability, i.e. the fluid does not flow or has little fluidity, or the flow is stable, so that the vibration performance of the heat exchange tube is greatly weakened, thereby affecting the descaling of the heat exchange tube and the heating efficiency.
Current shell and tube heat exchangers include dual headers, one for evaporation and one for condensation, to form a vibrating, descaling heat pipe. Thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency of the heat pipe and reducing scaling. However, the heat pipe has insufficient uniformity of heat exchange, only one side is used for condensation, and the heat exchange amount is small, so that improvement is needed to develop a heat pipe system with a novel structure. There is therefore a need for improvements to the above-described heat exchangers.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an electric heating shell-and-tube heat exchanger with a novel structure, aiming at the defects of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger in the prior art. The shell-and-tube heat exchanger can realize the periodic frequent vibration of the heat exchange tube, and improves the heating efficiency, thereby realizing good descaling and heating effects.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the shell-and-tube heat exchanger comprises a shell, wherein tube plates are arranged at two ends of the shell respectively, heat replacement parts are arranged in the shell, a plurality of first heat sources are arranged, the power of each heat source is different, different heating powers can be formed by one or a plurality of combinations, a plurality of second heat sources are arranged, and the power of each heat source is different. The third heat source is provided in a plurality, each heat source has different power, and different heating power can be formed by one or more combinations.
Preferably, in the period T, T =0, all of the plurality of first heat sources and the plurality of third heat sources are turned off, all of the plurality of second heat sources are turned on,
as an option, in a half period of 0-T/2, according to a time sequence, starting a single first heat source, independently starting the single first heat source according to a sequence that the heating power is sequentially increased, then starting two first heat sources, independently starting the two first heat sources according to a sequence that the heating power is sequentially increased, then gradually increasing the starting number of the first heat sources, and if the number is n, independently starting the n first heat sources according to a sequence that the heating power is sequentially increased; until all the first heat sources are started up at last, the heating power of the first heat sources is ensured to be increased in sequence;
meanwhile, a single third heat source is started firstly, the single third heat source is independently started according to the sequence that the heating power is sequentially increased, then two third heat sources are started, the two third heat sources are independently started according to the sequence that the heating power is sequentially increased, then the starting number of the third heat sources is gradually increased, and if the number is n, the n third heat sources are independently started according to the sequence that the heating power is sequentially increased; until all the third heat sources are started, the heating power of the third heat sources is ensured to be increased in sequence;
simultaneously, closing a single second heat source, independently closing the single second heat source according to the sequence of sequentially increasing the heating power, then closing two second heat sources, independently closing the two second heat sources according to the sequence of sequentially increasing the heating power, then gradually increasing the number of closed second heat sources, and if the number is n, independently closing the n second heat sources according to the sequence of sequentially increasing the heating power; and ensuring that the heating power of the second heat sources is reduced in sequence until all the second heat sources are closed finally.
Preferably, in the next half period of T/2-T, firstly, the single first heat source is turned off, the single first heat source is independently turned off according to the sequence that the heating power is sequentially increased, then the two first heat sources are turned off, the two first heat sources are independently turned off according to the sequence that the heating power is sequentially increased, then the number of the turned-off first heat sources is gradually increased, and if the number is n, the n first heat sources are independently turned off according to the sequence that the heating power is sequentially increased; and ensuring that the heating power of the first heat sources is reduced in sequence until all the first heat sources are closed finally.
Simultaneously, closing a single third heat source, independently closing the single third heat source according to the sequence of sequentially increasing the heating power, then closing two third heat sources, independently closing the two third heat sources according to the sequence of sequentially increasing the heating power, then gradually increasing the number of closed third heat sources, and if the number is n, independently closing the n third heat sources according to the sequence of sequentially increasing the heating power; and ensuring that the heating power of the third heat sources is reduced in sequence until all the third heat sources are closed finally.
Meanwhile, according to the time sequence, firstly, a single second heat source is started, the single second heat source is independently started according to the sequence that the heating power is sequentially increased, then two second heat sources are started, the two second heat sources are independently started according to the sequence that the heating power is sequentially increased, then the starting number of the second heat sources is gradually increased, and if the number is n, the n second heat sources are independently started according to the sequence that the heating power is sequentially increased; and ensuring that the heating power of the second heat sources is increased in sequence until all the second heat sources are started.
Preferably, the number of the first heat sources is three, the first heat source is a first heat source V1, a first heat source V2 and a first heat source V3, the heating powers are W1, W2 and W3, wherein W1< W2< W3, W1+ W2> W3; that is, the sum of the heating power of V1 and V2 is greater than the heating power of V3, V1, V2, V3, V1 plus V2, V1 plus V3, V2 plus V3, and then V1+ V2+ V3 are started in sequence in the first half cycle, and the closing sequence in the next half cycle is V1, V2, V3, V1 plus V2, V1 plus V3, V2 plus V3;
the number of the third heat sources is three, namely a third heat source V4, a third heat source V5 and a third heat source V6, and the heating power is W4, W5 and W6, wherein W4< W5< W6, and W4+ W5> W6; that is, the sum of the heating powers of V4 and V5 is greater than the heating power of V6, V4, V5, V6, V4 plus V5, V4 plus V6, V5 plus V6, and then V4+ V5+ V6 are sequentially started in time sequence in the first half cycle, and the closing sequence in the next half cycle is V4, V5, V6, V4 plus V5, V4 plus V6, V5 plus V6;
the number of the second heat sources is three, namely a second heat source Z1, a second heat source Z2 and a second heat source Z3, and the heating power is W1, W2 and W3, wherein W1< W2< W3, W1+ W2> W3; namely, the sum of the heating powers of Z1 and Z2 is larger than the heating power of Z3, Z1, Z2, Z3, Z1 and Z2, Z1 and Z3, Z2 and Z3, and then Z1+ Z2+ Z3 are sequentially turned off in the first half period, and the sequence of turning on in the next half period is Z1, Z2, Z3, Z1 and Z2, Z1 and Z3, Z2 and Z3.
Preferably, the heat exchange component comprises a central tube, a left tube, a right tube and tube groups, wherein the tube groups comprise a left tube group and a right tube group, the left tube group is communicated with the left tube and the central tube, the right tube group is communicated with the right tube and the central tube, so that the central tube, the left tube, the right tube and the tube groups form a heating fluid closed cycle, the left tube and/or the central tube and/or the right tube are filled with a phase-change fluid, the left tube, the central tube and the right tube are respectively provided with a first heat source, a second heat source and a third heat source, each tube group comprises a plurality of circular arc-shaped annular tubes, the end parts of the adjacent annular tubes are communicated, so that the plurality of annular tubes form a series structure, and the end parts of the annular tubes form free ends of the annular tubes; the central tube comprises a first tube orifice and a second tube orifice, the first tube orifice is connected with the inlet of the left tube group, the second tube orifice is connected with the inlet of the right tube group, the outlet of the left tube group is connected with the left tube, and the outlet of the right tube group is connected with the right tube; the first pipe orifice and the second pipe orifice are arranged on the same side of the central pipe, and the left pipe group and the right pipe group are in mirror symmetry along the plane of the axis of the central pipe; a left return pipe is arranged between the left side pipe and the central pipe, and a right return pipe is arranged between the right side pipe and the central pipe; the controller controls whether the first heat source, the second heat source and the third heat source perform heating.
Preferably, the annular pipes of the left pipe group are distributed by taking the axis of the left pipe as the center of a circle, and the annular pipes of the right pipe group are distributed by taking the axis of the right pipe as the center of a circle.
Preferably, the heat source is an electric heater.
The invention has the following advantages:
1. according to the invention, the prior art is improved, the pipe boxes and the coil pipes are respectively arranged into two pipes which are distributed left and right, a heat source is arranged in each pipe box, and each heat source can independently heat to form an evaporation part, so that heat transfer is enhanced, the coil pipes distributed on the left side and the right side can perform vibration heat exchange descaling, a heat exchange vibration area is enlarged, vibration can be more uniform, a heat exchange effect is more uniform, a heat exchange area is increased, and heat exchange and descaling effects are enhanced.
2. The 3 heat sources of the steam generator alternately heat in a period, and the periodic frequent vibration of the elastic coil can be realized, so that good descaling and heating effects are realized, and the heating power is basically the same in time.
3. The invention increases the heating power of the coil pipe periodically and continuously and reduces the heating power, so that the heated fluid can generate the volume which is continuously in a changing state after being heated, and the free end of the coil pipe is induced to generate vibration, thereby strengthening heat transfer.
4. The heating efficiency can be further improved by the arrangement of the pipe diameter and the interval distribution of the pipe groups in the length direction.
5. The invention optimizes the optimal relation of the parameters of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger through a large amount of experiments and numerical simulation, thereby realizing the optimal heating efficiency.
6. The invention designs a triangular layout diagram of a multi-heat exchange component with a novel structure, optimizes the structural parameters of the layout, and can further improve the heating efficiency through the layout.
Detailed Description
A shell-and-tube heat exchanger comprises a shell, a heat exchange component, a shell pass inlet connecting pipe and a shell pass outlet connecting pipe; the heat exchange component is arranged in the shell and fixedly connected to the front tube plate and the rear tube plate; the shell pass inlet connecting pipe and the shell pass outlet connecting pipe are both arranged on the shell; fluid enters from the shell side inlet connecting pipe, exchanges heat through the heat exchange part and exits from the shell side outlet connecting pipe.
Preferably, the heat exchange member extends in a horizontal direction. The heat exchanger is arranged in the horizontal direction.
The heat exchange component comprises a central tube, a left tube, a right tube and a tube group, wherein the tube group comprises a left tube group and a right tube group, the left tube group is communicated with the left tube and the central tube, the right tube group is communicated with the right tube and the central tube, so that the central tube, the left tube, the right tube and the tube group form heating fluid closed circulation, the left tube and/or the central tube and/or the right tube are filled with phase-change fluid, the left tube, the central tube and the right tube are respectively provided with a first heat source, a second heat source and a third heat source, each tube group comprises a plurality of circular arc-shaped annular tubes, the end parts of the adjacent annular tubes are communicated, so that the plurality of annular tubes form a series structure, and the end parts of the annular tubes form free ends of the annular tubes; the central tube comprises a first tube orifice and a second tube orifice, the first tube orifice is connected with the inlet of the left tube group, the second tube orifice is connected with the inlet of the right tube group, the outlet of the left tube group is connected with the left tube, and the outlet of the right tube group is connected with the right tube; the first pipe orifice and the second pipe orifice are arranged on the same side of the central pipe. The left tube group and the right tube group are in mirror symmetry along the plane of the axis of the central tube.
The end parts of the two ends of the central tube, the left tube and the right tube are arranged in the holes of the front tube plate and the rear tube plate and are used for fixing. The first and second orifices are located on the upper side of the central tube.
Preferably, a left return pipe is arranged between the left pipe and the central pipe, and a right return pipe is arranged between the right pipe and the central pipe. Preferably, the return pipe is arranged at the end of the central pipe. Both ends of the central tube are preferred.
Preferably, the fluid is a phase-change fluid, a vapor-liquid phase-change fluid, the first heat source, the second heat source and the third heat source are in data connection with a controller, and the controller controls the first heat source, the second heat source and the third heat source to heat.
The fluid heats and evaporates in the central pipe, flows to two headers on the left and right sides along the annular tube bank, and the fluid can produce volume expansion after being heated to form steam, and the volume of steam is greater than water far away, and the steam that consequently forms can carry out quick impacted style's flow in the coil pipe. Because of volume expansion and steam flow, the free end of the annular tube can be induced to vibrate, the vibration is transmitted to the surrounding heat exchange fluid by the free end of the heat exchange tube in the vibration process, and the fluid can also generate disturbance, so that the surrounding heat exchange fluid forms disturbance flow, a boundary layer is damaged, and the purpose of enhancing heat transfer is realized. The fluid is condensed and released heat in the left and right side pipes and then flows back to the central pipe through the return pipe. Conversely, the fluid may be heated in the left and right pipes, condensed in the central pipe, and returned to the left and right pipes through the return pipe to be circulated.
According to the invention, the prior art is improved, and the condensation collecting pipe and the pipe groups are respectively arranged into two pipes which are distributed on the left side and the right side, so that the pipe groups distributed on the left side and the right side can perform vibration heat exchange descaling, the heat exchange vibration area is enlarged, the vibration can be more uniform, the heat exchange effect is more uniform, the heat exchange area is increased, and the heat exchange and descaling effects are enhanced.
Preferably, the first heat source, the second heat source and the third heat source are respectively provided with a plurality of electric heating parts, each electric heating part is independently controlled, and the number of the electric heating parts which are started is periodically changed along with the change of time.
Preferably, the first heat source, the second heat source and the third heat source are respectively provided with n electric heating parts, and if the period is T, the n electric heating parts of the first heat source and the third heat source are all closed and the n electric heating parts of the second heat source are all opened in a half period of 0-T/2 and T = 0;
and then respectively starting one electric heating part by the first heat source and the third heat source every T/2n, and stopping one electric heating part by the second heat source until the first heat source and the third heat source are all started and the second heat source is all stopped at T/2.
And in a half period of T/2-T, the second heat source starts an electric heating part every T/2n, and simultaneously the first heat source and the third heat source respectively stop one electric heating part until the period T is finished, the second heat source is completely started, and the first heat source and the third heat source are completely stopped.
Preferably, each of the electric heating parts in the first heat source and the third heat source has the same heating power. The power of each electric heating part of the second heat source is twice that of the first and third heat source electric heating parts.
Alternatively, if a period is T, then in a half period of 0-T/2, when T =0, all n of the second heat sources are turned off, and all n of the first heat sources are turned on;
then every T/2n time, the second heat source starts an electric heating part, and simultaneously the first heat source and the third heat source stop an electric heating part, until the T/2 time, the second heater is completely started, and the first heater and the third heat source are completely stopped.
In a half period of T/2-T, every T/2n, the first heat source and the third heat source start one electric heating part, and the second heat source stops one electric heating part at the same time until the heating parts of the first heat source and the third heat source are all started in the period T, and the heating part of the second heater is all stopped.
Through the heating with the time variability, the fluid can be frequently evaporated and expanded in the elastic tube bundle, and the stability of single heating is damaged due to the continuous periodic change of the expansion and the flowing direction of the steam, so that the vibration of the elastic tube bundle is continuously driven, and the heating efficiency and the descaling operation can be further realized.
Compared with the prior application, the heating mode ensures that the heat exchange component is heated in the whole period, and the elastic tube bundle can vibrate frequently, so that the heating efficiency and the descaling operation can be further realized.
The 3 heat sources of the steam generator alternately heat in a period, and the periodic frequent vibration of the elastic coil can be realized, so that good descaling and heating effects are realized, and the heating power is basically the same in time.
Preferably, the annular tubes of the left tube group are distributed by taking the axis of the left tube as the center of a circle, and the annular tubes of the right tube group are distributed by taking the axis of the right tube as the center of a circle. The left side pipe and the right side pipe are arranged as circle centers, so that the distribution of the annular pipes can be better ensured, and the vibration and the heating are uniform.
Preferably, the tube group is plural.
Preferably, the center pipe, the left pipe, and the right pipe are provided along the longitudinal direction.
Preferably, the left tube group and the right tube group are arranged in a staggered manner in the longitudinal direction. Through the staggered distribution, can make to vibrate heat transfer and scale removal on different length for the vibration is more even, strengthens heat transfer and scale removal effect.
Preferably, the tube group (for example, the same side (left side or right side)) is provided in plural along the length direction of the center tube, and the tube diameter of the tube group (for example, the same side (left side or right side)) becomes larger along the flow direction of the fluid in the shell side.
Preferably, the pipe diameter of the annular pipe of the pipe group (for example, the same side (left side or right side)) is increased along the flowing direction of the fluid in the shell side.
The pipe diameter range through the heat exchange tube increases, can guarantee that shell side fluid outlet position fully carries out the heat transfer, forms the heat transfer effect like the adverse current, further strengthens the heat transfer effect moreover for whole vibration effect is even, and the heat transfer effect increases, further improves heat transfer effect and scale removal effect. Experiments show that better heat exchange effect and descaling effect can be achieved by adopting the structural design.
Preferably, the tube group on the same side (left side or right side) is provided in plurality along the length direction of the central tube, and the distance between the adjacent tube groups on the same side (left side or right side) becomes smaller along the flow direction of the fluid in the shell side.
Preferably, the spacing between the tube banks on the same side (left or right) in the direction of fluid flow in the shell side is increased by a decreasing amount.
The interval amplitude through the heat exchange tube increases, can guarantee that shell side fluid outlet position fully carries out the heat transfer, forms the heat transfer effect like the adverse current, further strengthens the heat transfer effect moreover for the whole vibration effect is even, and the heat transfer effect increases, further improves heat transfer effect and scale removal effect. Experiments show that better heat exchange effect and descaling effect can be achieved by adopting the structural design.
In tests, it was found that the pipe diameters and distances of the left and right pipes and the central pipe and the pipe diameters of the ring pipes can have an influence on the heat exchange efficiency and the uniformity. If the distance between the collecting pipes is too large, the heat exchange efficiency is poor, the distance between the annular pipes is too small, the annular pipes are distributed too densely, the heat exchange efficiency can be influenced, the sizes of the pipe diameters of the collecting pipes and the heat exchange pipes influence the volume of contained liquid or steam, the vibration of the free end can be influenced, and the heat exchange is influenced. Therefore, the pipe diameters and distances of the left side pipe, the right side pipe and the central pipe and the pipe diameters of the annular pipes have a certain relation.
Preferably, the box body has a circular cross section, and is provided with a plurality of heat exchange components, wherein one heat exchange component is arranged at the center of the circular cross section (the center pipe is arranged at the center of the circle) and the other heat exchange components are distributed around the center of the circular cross section.
Preferably, the tube bundle of the tube bank is an elastic tube bundle.
The heat exchange coefficient can be further improved by arranging the tube bundle of the tube group with the elastic tube bundle.
Further preferably, the heat source is an electric heating rod.
The pipe set is a plurality of, and a plurality of pipe sets are parallelly connected structure.
The heat exchanger has a circular cross-section housing, and the plurality of heat exchange components are arranged in the circular housing. Preferably, the number of the heat exchange components is three, the center of the central tube of each heat exchange component is located at the midpoint of an inscribed regular triangle of the circular cross section, the connecting lines of the centers of the central tubes form the regular triangle, one heat exchange component is arranged at the upper part of each central tube, two heat exchange components are arranged at the lower part of each central tube, and the connecting lines formed by the left side tube, the right side tube and the centers of the central tubes of the heat exchange components are of a parallel structure. Through such setting, can make and to fully reach vibrations and heat transfer purpose in can making the heater, improve the heat transfer effect.
Preferably, the first, third and second heat sources are heated alternately in a periodic manner with time.
In one cycle time T, the heating powers of the first heat source and the third heat source are W1 and W3, the heating power of the second heat source is W2, and the change rule of W1, W2 and W3 is as follows:
in a half period of 0-T/2, W1 is equal to n, W2 is equal to 0, and W3 is equal to n, namely the heating power of the first heat source and the third heat source is kept constant, and the second heat source does not heat;
and in the half period of T/2-T, W1=0, W2= Z and W3=0, namely the first heat source and the third heat source do not heat, and the heating power of the second heat source is kept constant.
Alternatively, in one cycle time T, the heating powers of the first heat source and the third heat source are W1 and W3, the heating power of the second heat source is W2, and the change rule of W1, W2 and W3 is as follows:
in a half period of 0-T/2, W2 is Z, W1=0, W3 is =0, namely the first and third heat sources do not heat, and the heating power of the second heat source is kept constant;
in the half period of T/2-T, W2=0, W1= n; w3= n; wherein n is a constant value and has the unit of watt (W), namely the second heat source does not heat, and the heating power of the first and third heat sources is kept constant.
Wherein Z and n are constant values and have the unit of watt (W). Preferably, Z =2 n.
T is 50-80 minutes, where 1000W < n < 1500W.
Through the heating with the time variability, the fluid can be frequently evaporated and expanded in the elastic tube bundle, and the stability of single heating is damaged due to the continuous periodic change of the expansion and the flowing direction of the steam, so that the vibration of the elastic tube bundle is continuously driven, and the heating efficiency and the descaling operation can be further realized.
Compared with the prior application, the heating mode ensures that the heat exchange component is heated in the whole period, and the elastic tube bundle can vibrate frequently, so that the heating efficiency and the descaling operation can be further realized.
Preferably, the heat sources are arranged in a plurality of sections along the length direction of the tube shell, each section is independently controlled, and all sections of the first heat source and the third heat source are closed and all sections of the second heat source are opened when T =0 in a half period of 0-T/2 along with the change of time;
then the first heat source and the third heat source are sequentially started along the opposite direction of the flow direction of the fluid in the shell pass until all the sections are started, and simultaneously the second heat source is sequentially closed along the flow direction of the fluid in the shell pass until all the sections are closed;
and in a half period of T/2-T, the first heat source and the third heat source start to be closed in sequence along the flow of the fluid in the shell pass, the second heat source starts to be opened in sequence along the direction opposite to the flow of the fluid in the shell pass, all the sections of the first heat source and the third heat source are closed until the period is finished, and all the sections of the second heat source are opened.
That is, if the first heat source, the second heat source, and the third heat source are all n segments, all the segments of the first heat source and the third heat source are all turned off, and all the segments of the second heat source are all turned on when T =0 in one period T;
then, starting a section by the first heat source and the third heat source from the direction opposite to the flowing direction of the fluid in the shell pass every T/2n, and simultaneously, starting a section by the second heat source from the flowing direction of the fluid in the shell pass until all sections of the first heat source and the third heat source are started and all sections of the second heat source are closed at the T/2;
and then every T/2n time, starting the first heat source and the third heat source from the flowing direction of the fluid in the shell side, closing a section every T/2n time, starting the second heat source from the opposite direction of the flowing direction of the fluid in the shell side, opening a section every T/2n time until all the sections of the first heat source and the third heat source are closed and all the sections of the second heat source are opened at T time.
Alternatively, in a half cycle of 0-T/2, when T =0, all the segments of the first heat source and the third heat source are all turned on, and all the segments of the second heat source are all turned off; then the first heat source and the third heat source start to be closed in sequence along the flowing direction of the fluid in the shell pass until all the sections are closed, and simultaneously the second heat source is opened in sequence along the direction opposite to the flowing direction of the fluid in the shell pass until all the sections are opened;
and in a half period of T/2-T, the second heat source is sequentially closed from the upper end, the first heat source and the third heat source are sequentially opened from the direction opposite to the flowing direction of the fluid in the shell side, all the sections of the second heat source are completely closed until the period is finished, and all the sections of the first second heat source and the third heat source are completely opened.
That is, if the first heat source, the second heat source, and the third heat source are all n segments, in one period T, when T =0, all segments of the second heat source are all turned off, and all segments of the first heat source and the third heat source are all turned on;
then every T/2n of time, the second heat source starts to start a section from the direction opposite to the flowing direction of the fluid in the shell pass, and simultaneously the first heat source and the third heat source start to close a section from the flowing direction of the fluid in the shell pass until all sections of the second heat source are started and all sections of the first heat source and the third heat source are closed at the T/2 time;
and then every T/2n time, the second heat source starts from the flowing direction of the fluid in the shell pass, and is closed every T/2n time, meanwhile, the first heat source and the third heat source start from the opposite direction of the flowing direction of the fluid in the shell pass, and are opened every T/2n time until all the sections of the second heat source are closed at T time, and all the sections of the first heat source and the third heat source are opened.
Preferably, the heating power of each section of the first heat source and the third heat source is the same. The second heat source has twice the heating power of the first and the third heat sources.
The heat source is gradually started along the opposite direction of the fluid flow and is closed from the fluid flow direction, so that the heating temperature at the rear end is high, a similar counter-flow effect is formed, the fluid flow is further promoted, and the elastic vibration effect is increased. Through the change of the heating power with time variability, the fluid can be evaporated, expanded and contracted frequently in the elastic tube bundle, so that the elastic tube bundle is driven to vibrate continuously, and the heating efficiency and the descaling operation can be further realized.
Preferably, the first heat source is provided in plurality, each heat source has different power, and different heating powers can be formed by one or more combinations, and the second heat source is provided in plurality, and each heat source has different power. The third heat source is provided in a plurality of numbers, each heat source has different power, and different heating powers can be formed by one or more combinations.
In the period T, T =0, all of the plurality of first heat sources and the plurality of third heat sources are turned off, and all of the plurality of second heat sources are turned on.
As an option, in a half period of 0-T/2, according to a time sequence, starting a single first heat source, independently starting the single first heat source according to a sequence that the heating power is sequentially increased, then starting two first heat sources, independently starting the two first heat sources according to a sequence that the heating power is sequentially increased, then gradually increasing the starting number of the first heat sources, and if the number is n, independently starting the n first heat sources according to a sequence that the heating power is sequentially increased; until all the first heat sources are started up at last, the heating power of the first heat sources is ensured to be increased in sequence;
simultaneously, starting a single third heat source, independently starting the single third heat source according to the sequence of sequentially increasing the heating power, then starting two third heat sources, independently starting the two third heat sources according to the sequence of sequentially increasing the heating power, then gradually increasing the starting number of the third heat sources, and if the number is n, independently starting the n third heat sources according to the sequence of sequentially increasing the heating power; until all the third heat sources are started, the heating power of the third heat sources is ensured to be increased in sequence;
simultaneously, closing a single second heat source, independently closing the single second heat source according to the sequence of sequentially increasing the heating power, then closing two second heat sources, independently closing the two second heat sources according to the sequence of sequentially increasing the heating power, then gradually increasing the number of closed second heat sources, and if the number is n, independently closing the n second heat sources according to the sequence of sequentially increasing the heating power; and ensuring that the heating power of the second heat sources is reduced in sequence until all the second heat sources are closed finally.
In the next half period of T/2-T, firstly closing a single first heat source, independently closing the single first heat source according to the sequence that the heating power is sequentially increased, then closing two first heat sources, independently closing the two first heat sources according to the sequence that the heating power is sequentially increased, then gradually increasing the number of closed first heat sources, and if the number is n, independently closing the n first heat sources according to the sequence that the heating power is sequentially increased; and ensuring that the heating power of the first heat sources is reduced in sequence until all the first heat sources are closed finally.
Simultaneously, a single third heat source is closed, the single third heat source is independently closed according to the sequence that the heating power is sequentially increased, then two third heat sources are closed, the two third heat sources are independently closed according to the sequence that the heating power is sequentially increased, then the number of closed third heat sources is gradually increased, and if the number is n, the n third heat sources are independently closed according to the sequence that the heating power is sequentially increased; and ensuring that the heating power of the third heat sources is reduced in sequence until all the third heat sources are closed finally.
Meanwhile, according to the time sequence, firstly, a single second heat source is started, the single second heat source is independently started according to the sequence that the heating power is sequentially increased, then two second heat sources are started, the two second heat sources are independently started according to the sequence that the heating power is sequentially increased, then the starting number of the second heat sources is gradually increased, and if the number is n, the n second heat sources are independently started according to the sequence that the heating power is sequentially increased; and ensuring that the heating power of the second heat sources is increased in sequence until all the second heat sources are started.
For example, the number of the first heat sources is three, the first heat source is a first heat source V1, a first heat source V2 and a first heat source V3, the heating powers are W1, W2 and W3, wherein W1< W2< W3, W1+ W2> W3; that is, the sum of the heating powers of V1 and V2 is greater than the heating power of V3, V1, V2, V3, V1 plus V2, V1 plus V3, V2 plus V3, and then V1+ V2+ V3 are sequentially started in time sequence in the first half cycle, and the closing sequence in the next half cycle is V1, V2, V3, V1 plus V2, V1 plus V3, V2 plus V3.
The number of the third heat sources is three, namely a third heat source V4, a third heat source V5 and a third heat source V6, and the heating power is W4, W5 and W6, wherein W4< W5< W6, and W4+ W5> W6; that is, the sum of the heating powers of V4 and V5 is greater than the heating power of V6, V4, V5, V6, V4 plus V5, V4 plus V6, V5 plus V6, and then V4+ V5+ V6 are sequentially started in time sequence in the first half cycle, and the closing sequence in the next half cycle is V4, V5, V6, V4 plus V5, V4 plus V6, V5 plus V6.
The number of the second heat sources is three, namely a second heat source Z1, a second heat source Z2 and a second heat source Z3, and the heating power is W1, W2 and W3, wherein W1< W2< W3, W1+ W2> W3; namely, the sum of the heating powers of Z1 and Z2 is larger than the heating power of Z3, Z1, Z2, Z3, Z1 and Z2, Z1 and Z3, Z2 and Z3, and then Z1+ Z2+ Z3 are sequentially turned off in the first half period, and the sequence of turning on in the next half period is Z1, Z2, Z3, Z1 and Z2, Z1 and Z3, Z2 and Z3.
Alternatively, in the period T, T =0, all of the plurality of second heat sources are turned off, all of the plurality of first heat sources and all of the plurality of third heat sources are turned on,
in a half period of 0-T/2, according to time sequence, firstly starting a single second heat source, independently starting the single second heat source according to the sequence that the heating power is sequentially increased, then starting two second heat sources, independently starting the two second heat sources according to the sequence that the heating power is sequentially increased, then gradually increasing the starting number of the second heat sources, and if the number is n, independently starting the n second heat sources according to the sequence that the heating power is sequentially increased; until all the second heat sources are started up, ensuring that the heating power of the second heat sources is increased in sequence; simultaneously, closing a single first heat source, independently closing the single first heat source according to the sequence of sequentially increasing the heating power, then closing two first heat sources, independently closing the two first heat sources according to the sequence of sequentially increasing the heating power, then gradually increasing the number of closed first heat sources, and if the number is n, independently closing the n first heat sources according to the sequence of sequentially increasing the heating power; and ensuring that the heating power of the first heat sources is reduced in sequence until all the first heat sources are closed finally. Simultaneously, closing a single third heat source, independently closing the single third heat source according to the sequence of sequentially increasing the heating power, then closing two third heat sources, independently closing the two third heat sources according to the sequence of sequentially increasing the heating power, then gradually increasing the number of closed third heat sources, and if the number is n, independently closing the n third heat sources according to the sequence of sequentially increasing the heating power; and ensuring that the heating power of the third heat sources is reduced in sequence until all the third heat sources are closed finally.
In the next half period of T/2-T, firstly closing a single second heat source, independently closing the single second heat source according to the sequence that the heating power is sequentially increased, then closing two second heat sources, independently closing the two second heat sources according to the sequence that the heating power is sequentially increased, then gradually increasing the number of closed second heat sources, and if the number is n, independently closing the n second heat sources according to the sequence that the heating power is sequentially increased; and ensuring that the heating power of the second heat sources is reduced in sequence until all the second heat sources are closed finally. Meanwhile, according to time sequence, firstly starting a single first heat source, independently starting the single first heat source according to the sequence that the heating power is sequentially increased, then starting two first heat sources, independently starting the two first heat sources according to the sequence that the heating power is sequentially increased, then gradually increasing the starting number of the first heat sources, and if the number is n, independently starting the n first heat sources according to the sequence that the heating power is sequentially increased; and ensuring that the heating power of the first heat sources is increased in sequence until all the first heat sources are started. Meanwhile, according to the time sequence, firstly starting a single third heat source, independently starting the single third heat source according to the sequence that the heating power is sequentially increased, then starting two third heat sources, independently starting the two third heat sources according to the sequence that the heating power is sequentially increased, then gradually increasing the starting number of the third heat sources, and if the number is n, independently starting the n third heat sources according to the sequence that the heating power is sequentially increased; and ensuring that the heating power of the third heat sources is increased in sequence until all the third heat sources are started finally.
For example, the number of the second heat sources is three, which are respectively a second heat source V1, a second heat source V2 and a second heat source V3, and the heating powers are respectively W1, W2 and W3, wherein W1< W2< W3, W1+ W2> W3; that is, the sum of the heating powers of V1 and V2 is greater than the heating power of V3, V1, V2, V3, V1 plus V2, V1 plus V3, V2 plus V3, and then V1+ V2+ V3 are sequentially started in time sequence in the first half cycle, and the closing sequence in the next half cycle is V1, V2, V3, V1 plus V2, V1 plus V3, V2 plus V3.
The number of the first heat sources is three, namely a first heat source Z1, a first heat source Z2 and a first heat source Z3, and the heating power is W1, W2 and W3, wherein W1< W2< W3, W1+ W2> W3; namely, the sum of the heating powers of Z1 and Z2 is larger than the heating power of Z3, Z1, Z2, Z3, Z1 and Z2, Z1 and Z3, Z2 and Z3, and then Z1+ Z2+ Z3 are sequentially turned off in the first half period, and the sequence of turning on in the next half period is Z1, Z2, Z3, Z1 and Z2, Z1 and Z3, Z2 and Z3.
The number of the third heat sources is three, namely a third heat source K1, a third heat source K2 and a third heat source K3, and the heating power is W1, W2 and W3, wherein W1< W2< W3, W1+ W2> W3; the sum of the heating powers of K1 and K2 is larger than the heating power of K3, K1, K2, K3, K1 and K2, K1 and K3, K2 and K3, and then K1+ K2+ K3 are sequentially turned off in the first half period, and the K1, K2, K3, K1 and K2, K1 and K3, K2 and K3 are turned on in the next half period.
The heating power is gradually increased and reduced through the heat source, the flow of the fluid is further promoted, and the elastic vibration effect is increased. Through the change of the heating power with time variability, the fluid can be frequently evaporated, expanded and contracted in the elastic tube bundle, so that the vibration of the elastic tube bundle is continuously driven, and the heating efficiency and the descaling operation can be further realized.
Preferably, the heating power of the heat source is linearly increased in the first half cycle, and the heating power of the heat source is linearly decreased in the second half cycle.
The linear variation of the heating power is achieved by a variation of the input current or voltage.
By arranging a plurality of heat sources, the starting of the heat sources with gradually increased number is realized, and the linear change is realized.
Preferably, the period is 50 to 300 minutes, preferably 50 to 80 minutes; the average heating power of the single electric heating device is 2000-4000W.
Preferably, the heat source is an electric heater.
The linear variation of the heating power is achieved by a variation of the input current or voltage.
Preferably, the period is 50 to 300 minutes, preferably 50 to 80 minutes.
Preferably, the axes of the left tube, the right tube and the middle tube are connected in a straight line or on a plane.
Preferably, the pipe diameters of the left pipe and the right pipe are smaller than that of the middle pipe. The preferred pipe diameter of the middle pipe is 1.4-1.5 times of the pipe diameter of the left pipe and the right pipe. Through the pipe diameter setting of left side pipe, right side pipe and intermediate pipe, can guarantee that the fluid carries out the phase transition and keeps the same or close transmission speed at left side pipe, right side pipe and intermediate pipe to guarantee the homogeneity of conducting heat.
Preferably, the connection position of the coil pipe at the left channel box is lower than the connection position of the coil pipe at the middle channel box. This ensures that steam can rapidly enter the intermediate header. Similarly, the connecting position of the coil pipe at the right channel box is lower than the connecting position of the middle channel box and the coil pipe.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it is not limited thereto. Various changes and modifications may be effected therein by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (6)
1. The shell-and-tube heat exchanger comprises a shell, wherein tube plates are arranged at two ends of the shell respectively, heat replacement parts are arranged in the shell, a plurality of first heat sources are arranged, the power of each heat source is different, different heating powers can be formed by one or more combinations, a plurality of second heat sources are arranged, the power of each heat source is different, a plurality of third heat sources are arranged, the power of each heat source is different, and different heating powers can be formed by one or more combinations.
2. The heat exchanger of claim 1, wherein, during period T, T =0, all of the first plurality of heat sources, all of the third plurality of heat sources are off, all of the second plurality of heat sources are on,
in a half period of 0-T/2, according to time sequence, starting a single first heat source, independently starting the single first heat source according to the sequence that the heating power is sequentially increased, then starting two first heat sources, independently starting the two first heat sources according to the sequence that the heating power is sequentially increased, then gradually increasing the starting number of the first heat sources, and if the number is n, independently starting the n first heat sources according to the sequence that the heating power is sequentially increased; until all the first heat sources are started up at last, the heating power of the first heat sources is ensured to be increased in sequence;
meanwhile, a single third heat source is started firstly, the single third heat source is independently started according to the sequence that the heating power is sequentially increased, then two third heat sources are started, the two third heat sources are independently started according to the sequence that the heating power is sequentially increased, then the starting number of the third heat sources is gradually increased, and if the number is n, the n third heat sources are independently started according to the sequence that the heating power is sequentially increased; until all the third heat sources are started, the heating power of the third heat sources is ensured to be increased in sequence;
simultaneously, closing a single second heat source, independently closing the single second heat source according to the sequence of sequentially increasing the heating power, then closing two second heat sources, independently closing the two second heat sources according to the sequence of sequentially increasing the heating power, then gradually increasing the number of closed second heat sources, and if the number is n, independently closing the n second heat sources according to the sequence of sequentially increasing the heating power; and ensuring that the heating power of the second heat sources is reduced in sequence until all the second heat sources are closed finally.
3. The heat exchanger as claimed in claim 2, wherein in the next half period of T/2-T, the single first heat source is turned off first, the single first heat source is independently turned off in the order in which the heating powers are sequentially increased, then the two first heat sources are turned off, the two first heat sources are independently turned off in the order in which the heating powers are sequentially increased, then the number of the turned-off first heat sources is gradually increased, and if the number is n, the n first heat sources are independently turned off in the order in which the heating powers are sequentially increased; until all the first heat sources are closed finally, ensuring that the heating power of the first heat sources is reduced in sequence;
simultaneously, closing a single third heat source, independently closing the single third heat source according to the sequence of sequentially increasing the heating power, then closing two third heat sources, independently closing the two third heat sources according to the sequence of sequentially increasing the heating power, then gradually increasing the number of closed third heat sources, and if the number is n, independently closing the n third heat sources according to the sequence of sequentially increasing the heating power; and ensuring that the heating power of the third heat sources is reduced in sequence until all the third heat sources are closed finally.
Meanwhile, according to the time sequence, firstly, a single second heat source is started, the single second heat source is independently started according to the sequence that the heating power is sequentially increased, then two second heat sources are started, the two second heat sources are independently started according to the sequence that the heating power is sequentially increased, then the starting number of the second heat sources is gradually increased, and if the number is n, the n second heat sources are independently started according to the sequence that the heating power is sequentially increased; and ensuring that the heating power of the second heat sources is increased in sequence until all the second heat sources are started.
4. The heat exchanger as claimed in claim 3, wherein the first heat sources are three, respectively a first heat source V1, a first heat source V2 and a first heat source V3, and heating powers are W1, W2 and W3, respectively, wherein W1< W2< W3, W1+ W2> W3; that is, the sum of the heating powers of V1 and V2 is greater than the heating power of V3, V1, V2, V3, V1 plus V2, V1 plus V3, V2 plus V3, and then V1+ V2+ V3 are sequentially started in time sequence in the first half cycle, and the closing sequence in the next half cycle is V1, V2, V3, V1 plus V2, V1 plus V3, V2 plus V3;
the number of the third heat sources is three, namely a third heat source V4, a third heat source V5 and a third heat source V6, and the heating power is W4, W5 and W6, wherein W4< W5< W6, and W4+ W5> W6; that is, the sum of the heating power of V4 and V5 is greater than the heating power of V6, V4, V5, V6, V4 plus V5, V4 plus V6, V5 plus V6, and then V4+ V5+ V6 are started in sequence in the first half cycle, and the closing sequence in the next half cycle is V4, V5, V6, V4 plus V5, V4 plus V6, V5 plus V6;
the number of the second heat sources is three, namely a second heat source Z1, a second heat source Z2 and a second heat source Z3, and the heating power is W1, W2 and W3, wherein W1< W2< W3, W1+ W2> W3; that is, the sum of the heating powers of Z1 and Z2 is greater than the heating power of Z3, Z1, Z2, Z3, Z1 and Z2, Z1 and Z3, Z2 and Z3, and then Z1+ Z2+ Z3 are sequentially turned off in the first half period, and the sequence of turning on in the next half period is Z1, Z2, Z3, Z1 and Z2, Z1 and Z3, Z2 and Z3.
5. The heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein the heat exchange component comprises a central tube, a left tube, a right tube and tube groups, the tube groups comprise a left tube group and a right tube group, the left tube group is communicated with the left tube and the central tube, the right tube group is communicated with the right tube and the central tube, so that the central tube, the left tube, the right tube and the tube groups form a heating fluid closed circulation, the left tube and/or the central tube and/or the right tube are filled with a phase-change fluid, the left tube, the central tube and the right tube are respectively provided with a first heat source, a second heat source and a third heat source, each tube group comprises a plurality of circular tubes in circular arc shapes, the end parts of the adjacent circular tubes are communicated, so that the circular tubes form a serial structure, and the end parts of the circular tubes form a free end of the circular tubes; the central tube comprises a first tube orifice and a second tube orifice, the first tube orifice is connected with the inlet of the left tube group, the second tube orifice is connected with the inlet of the right tube group, the outlet of the left tube group is connected with the left tube, and the outlet of the right tube group is connected with the right tube; the first pipe orifice and the second pipe orifice are arranged on the same side of the central pipe, and the left pipe group and the right pipe group are in mirror symmetry along the plane where the axis of the central pipe is located; a left return pipe is arranged between the left side pipe and the central pipe, and a right return pipe is arranged between the right side pipe and the central pipe; the controller controls whether the first heat source, the second heat source and the third heat source are heated.
6. A shell-and-tube heat exchanger is characterized by comprising a plurality of circular arc-shaped annular tubes, wherein the end parts of the adjacent annular tubes are communicated, so that the annular tubes form a series structure.
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| CN115014098B (en) | 2023-08-22 |
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