CN115012454A - Solid waste base composite type refuse landfill covering barrier system and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Solid waste base composite type refuse landfill covering barrier system and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D31/00—Protective arrangements for foundations or foundation structures; Ground foundation measures for protecting the soil or the subsoil water, e.g. preventing or counteracting oil pollution
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D31/00—Protective arrangements for foundations or foundation structures; Ground foundation measures for protecting the soil or the subsoil water, e.g. preventing or counteracting oil pollution
- E02D31/002—Ground foundation measures for protecting the soil or subsoil water, e.g. preventing or counteracting oil pollution
- E02D31/006—Sealing of existing landfills, e.g. using mining techniques
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
- E03F—SEWERS; CESSPOOLS
- E03F1/00—Methods, systems, or installations for draining-off sewage or storm water
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/30—Landfill technologies aiming to mitigate methane emissions
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Paleontology (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a solid waste base composite refuse landfill covering barrier system and a preparation method thereof, wherein the composite solid waste base refuse landfill covering barrier system comprises a capillary blocking layer, a seepage flow guide and discharge layer and a water and gas blocking layer which are sequentially superposed from outside to inside; the capillary retardation layer is made of municipal dewatered sludge, engineering residual sludge, calcium-based bentonite, construction waste fine aggregate and plant ash; the material of the seepage flow guide and discharge layer comprises building garbage coarse aggregate; the water-blocking and gas-blocking layer is made of municipal dehydrated sludge, engineering residual sludge, construction waste micro powder, slag powder, desulfurized gypsum powder, fly ash, nitrogen-rich sludge-based activated carbon and an alkali activator. The invention aims to develop a solid waste base composite covering barrier system for a landfill, and solves the engineering problems of compressed clay drying shrinkage cracking, geomembrane bulging or tearing and the like of the existing covering barrier system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of garbage treatment, in particular to the technical field of garbage landfill, and specifically relates to a solid waste base composite type garbage landfill covering barrier system and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Sanitary landfill is a main means for disposing domestic garbage in large and medium cities in the middle of Yangtze river. The safe operation of the landfill is an important guarantee for realizing the ecological environment protection and restoration of the Yangtze river basin. The sealing covering system is an important component of an ecological barrier system of the landfill site, plays a vital role in preventing rainwater infiltration and landfill gas leakage, and the safety of the sealing covering system is a key factor for guaranteeing the service performance of the landfill site. Environmental disasters and safety problems caused by the failure of ecological barrier system destruction of the landfill site become one of the most prominent problems in the present and future. At present, most of landfill closure covering layers adopted in China are single compacted clay layers or composite covering layers formed by compacted clay and geomembranes, potential safety hazards such as drying shrinkage cracking, geomembrane pulling cracking and integral sliding instability exist, and pollution accidents such as leachate leakage and harmful gas overflow of the landfill are easily caused. Meanwhile, the traditional compacted clay covering layer consumes a large amount of soil resource resources, causes great damage to the environment, and increases the transportation cost due to resource allocation.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a solid waste base composite type refuse landfill covering barrier system and a preparation method thereof, and aims to solve the engineering problems of compressed clay shrinkage cracking and geomembrane bulging or tearing of the existing refuse landfill covering barrier system.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a solid waste base composite type refuse landfill covering barrier system which is arranged on the outer side of a refuse pile body, wherein the solid waste base composite type refuse landfill covering barrier system comprises a capillary retarding layer, a seepage drainage layer and a water and gas blocking layer which are sequentially overlapped from outside to inside;
the capillary retardation layer is made of municipal dewatered sludge, construction waste fine aggregate, engineering residual mud, calcium-based bentonite and plant ash;
the material of the seepage flow guide and discharge layer comprises building garbage coarse aggregate;
the water-blocking and gas-blocking layer is made of municipal dehydrated sludge, engineering residual sludge, construction waste micro powder, slag powder, desulfurized gypsum powder, fly ash, nitrogen-rich sludge-based activated carbon and an alkali activator.
Optionally, in the capillary retardation layer, the municipal sludge accounts for 40-50% by mass, the engineering residual sludge accounts for 20-40% by mass, the calcium bentonite accounts for 5-10% by mass, the plant ash accounts for 0.3-0.5% by mass, and the construction waste fine aggregate accounts for 5-10% by mass.
Optionally, in the water-blocking and air-blocking layer, the municipal dewatered sludge accounts for 25-30% by mass, the engineering residual sludge accounts for 25-30% by mass, the construction waste micro powder accounts for 18-20% by mass, the slag powder accounts for 10-15% by mass, the desulfurized gypsum powder accounts for 5-10% by mass, the fly ash accounts for 5-10% by mass, the nitrogen-rich sludge-based activated carbon accounts for 3-5% by mass, and the alkali activator accounts for 0.3-0.5% by mass.
Optionally, in the municipal dewatered sludge, the municipal dewatered sludge has a water content of no more than 60%; and/or the presence of a gas in the atmosphere,
in the engineering residual sludge, the water content of the engineering residual sludge is not higher than 40%; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
the alkali activator comprises incineration ash of at least one of tung tree leaves, fir trees and camphor tree leaves.
Optionally, the particle size of the construction waste coarse aggregate particles is 10-40 mm.
Optionally, a first insulating material is further arranged between the capillary retarding layer and the seepage flow guide and drainage layer; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
a second insulating material is also arranged between the seepage guide layer and the water and gas blocking layer; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
the solid waste base composite type refuse landfill covering barrier system further comprises a capillary geotextile layer, wherein the capillary geotextile layer is arranged in the middle of the capillary retardation layer and divides the capillary retardation layer into a first capillary retardation layer and a second capillary retardation layer which are arranged along the inner and outer directions.
Optionally, the thickness of the capillary retardation layer is 50-80 cm; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
the thickness of the seepage guide and drainage layer is 10-20 cm; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
the thickness of the water-blocking and air-blocking layer is 30-50 cm.
Optionally, the capillary-retarding layer has a permeability coefficient of 1 × 10 -5 ～1×10 -4 cm/s; and/or the presence of a gas in the atmosphere,
the permeability coefficient of the seepage flow guide and drainage layer is 1 multiplied by 10 -3 ～1×10 -2 cm/s; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
the permeability coefficient of the water-blocking and air-blocking layer is 1 multiplied by 10 -8 ～1×10 -7 cm/s。
Optionally, the capillary-retarding layer has a relative compacted density of not less than 0.9; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
the relative compaction density of the seepage flow guide and drainage layer is not lower than 0.9; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
the relative compaction density of the water-blocking and air-blocking layer is not lower than 0.9.
In addition, the invention also provides a preparation method of the solid waste base composite type refuse landfill covering barrier system, which comprises the following preparation steps:
uniformly mixing the political affairs dehydrated sludge, engineering residual sludge, construction waste micro-powder, slag powder, desulfurized gypsum powder, fly ash, nitrogen-rich sludge-based activated carbon and an alkali activator, and paving the mixture on the upper surface of a garbage pile body to form a water-blocking gas-tight layer;
paving the building garbage coarse aggregate on the upper surface of the water-blocking and air-blocking layer and compacting to form a seepage and drainage guide layer;
uniformly mixing municipal dewatered sludge, construction waste fine aggregate, engineering residual mud, calcium-based bentonite and plant ash, and paving the mixture on the surface of the seepage flow guide and drainage layer to compact the mixture so as to form a capillary retardation layer;
and planting green plants on the capillary blocking layer to obtain the solid waste base composite refuse landfill covering barrier system.
In the technical scheme of the invention, the solid waste based composite type refuse landfill covering barrier system achieves the project service requirements of water resistance and gas sealing of the barrier system through the cooperative operation among the capillary resistance layer, the seepage flow guide and discharge layer and the water resistance and gas sealing layer, and achieves the purposes of reducing and recycling the solid waste; the capillary blocking layer mainly comprises municipal dewatered sludge, construction waste fine aggregate, engineering residual mud, plant ash and a capillary geotextile layer, and plays a role in capillary water blocking and plant growth; the seepage flow guide and drainage layer mainly comprises building garbage coarse aggregates and has the function of breaking down the rainwater guide and drainage of the capillary retardation layer; the water-blocking and gas-tight layer consists of municipal dewatered sludge, slag powder, desulfurized gypsum powder, fly ash, construction waste micro powder and nitrogen-rich sludge-based activated carbon and has the functions of preventing rainwater infiltration and landfill gas leakage and degrading gas in situ; compared with the traditional covering system of compacted clay and HDPE geomembrane, the solid waste base composite type refuse landfill covering barrier system has the advantages of low carbon, environmental protection, convenient material acquisition, low price and the like.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the structures shown in the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a solid waste base composite type landfill covering barrier system provided by the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic flow diagram of an embodiment of a method for producing nitrogen-enriched sludge-based activated carbon provided by the present method.
The reference numbers illustrate:
the implementation, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. The examples, in which specific conditions are not specified, were conducted under conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The reagents or instruments used are not indicated by the manufacturer, and are all conventional products available commercially. In addition, the meaning of "and/or" appearing throughout includes three juxtapositions, exemplified by "A and/or B" including either A or B or both A and B. In addition, technical solutions between various embodiments may be combined with each other, but must be realized by a person skilled in the art, and when the technical solutions are contradictory or cannot be realized, such a combination should not be considered to exist, and is not within the protection scope of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Sanitary landfill is a main means for disposing domestic garbage in large and medium cities in the middle of Yangtze river. The safe operation of the landfill is an important guarantee for realizing the ecological environment protection and restoration of the Yangtze river basin. The sealing covering system is an important component of an ecological barrier system of the landfill site, plays a vital role in preventing rainwater infiltration and landfill gas leakage, and the safety of the sealing covering system is a key factor for guaranteeing the service performance of the landfill site. Environmental disasters and safety problems caused by the failure of ecological barrier system destruction of the landfill site become one of the most prominent problems in the present and future. At present, most of landfill closure covering layers adopted in China are single compacted clay layers or composite covering layers formed by compacted clay and geomembranes, potential safety hazards such as drying shrinkage cracking, geomembrane pulling cracking and integral sliding instability exist, and pollution accidents such as leachate leakage and harmful gas overflow of the landfill are easily caused. Meanwhile, the traditional compacted clay covering layer consumes a large amount of soil resource resources, causes great damage to the environment, and increases the transportation cost due to resource allocation.
In view of the above, the invention provides a solid waste-based composite type refuse landfill covering barrier system, which achieves the project service requirements of water resistance and air tightness of the barrier system through the cooperative operation among a capillary resistance layer, a seepage flow guide and discharge layer and a water-resistant air-tight layer, and achieves the purposes of reducing and recycling solid wastes; fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the solid waste base composite type refuse landfill covering barrier system provided by the present invention, and the solid waste base composite type refuse landfill covering barrier system will be described below with reference to the specific drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, the solid waste base composite refuse landfill covering barrier system 100 is disposed at the outer side of a refuse dump 1, and includes a capillary blocking layer 2, a seepage drainage layer 3 and a water and gas blocking layer 4, which are sequentially stacked from the outside to the inside; the capillary retardation layer 2 is made of municipal dewatered sludge, engineering residual sludge, calcium-based bentonite, construction waste fine aggregate and plant ash; the material of the seepage flow guide and discharge layer 3 comprises building garbage coarse aggregate; the water and gas blocking layer 4 is made of municipal dehydrated sludge, engineering residual sludge, construction waste micro powder, slag powder, desulfurized gypsum powder, fly ash, nitrogen-rich sludge-based activated carbon and an alkali activator.
In the technical scheme of the invention, the solid waste-based composite refuse landfill covering barrier system 100 achieves the project service requirements of water resistance and gas sealing of the barrier system through the cooperative operation among the capillary resistance layer 2, the seepage flow guide and discharge layer 3 and the water-resistant gas-sealing layer 4, thereby achieving the purposes of reducing and recycling the solid waste; the capillary retarding layer 2 mainly comprises municipal dehydrated sludge, construction waste fine aggregate, calcium bentonite, engineering residual mud, plant ash and a capillary geotextile layer 21, and plays roles in capillary water resistance and plant growth; the seepage flow guide and drainage layer 3 mainly comprises building garbage coarse aggregate and has the function of breaking down the rainwater guide and drainage function of the capillary retardation layer 2; the water-blocking gas-tight layer 4 consists of municipal dehydrated sludge, engineering residual sludge, slag powder, desulfurized gypsum powder, fly ash, construction waste micro powder and nitrogen-rich sludge-based activated carbon, and has the functions of preventing rainwater and landfill gas from leaking and degrading gas in situ; compared with the traditional covering system of compacted clay and HDPE geomembrane, the solid waste base composite type refuse landfill covering barrier system 100 has the advantages of low carbon, environmental protection, convenient material acquisition, low price and the like.
It should be noted that the anti-seepage function principle of the solid waste base composite refuse landfill covering barrier system 100 is as follows: when the rain falls strongly, a part of rainwater flows away along the slope and flows into the underground underdrains for recycling, the other part of rainwater permeates into the capillary blocking layer 2, when the water in the capillary blocking layer 2 is nearly saturated, in the seepage flow guide and drainage layer 3, the rainwater can move towards the slope toe firstly due to the capillary blocking effect at the interface of coarse particles and fine particles, and meanwhile, the nano-scale capillary geotextile layer 21 buried in the capillary blocking layer 2 can outwards separate out the water. After water passes through the capillary retardation layer 2 and enters the seepage flow guiding and exhausting layer 3, most of the water can move to the toe of the slope through the particle pores of the inverted layer, and the permeability coefficient of the water-blocking and air-blocking layer 4 is lower than 1 multiplied by 10 in the application - 7 cm/s, so that substantially no water penetrates into the refuse dump 1; therefore, in the present invention, the solid waste base composite landfill site covering barrier system 100 processes a part of the rainwater through the downstream flow of the slope, and processes another part of the rainwater through the combined action of the capillary blocking layer 2 for storing water, the seepage flow guiding and discharging layer 3 for backflow, and the water and air blocking layer 4 for blocking, thereby achieving the function of preventing seepage in the wet area.
It should be noted that the principle of the gas-closing function of the solid waste base composite refuse landfill covering barrier system 100 is as follows: realizing the gas closing function through the nitrogen-rich sludge-based activated carbon; because the nitrogen-rich sludge-based activated carbon is added into the water-blocking and gas-blocking layer 4, the material has the advantages of large porosity, strong gas adsorption capacity and large microorganism carrying capacity, and can effectively adsorb harmful gases volatilized from the garbage pile 1 and degrade the harmful gases into harmless gases; meanwhile, due to the covering effect of the capillary blocking layer 2 and the seepage flow guide and discharge layer 3, the water-blocking and gas-blocking layer 4 can keep high water content, in fact, nitrogen-rich sludge-based activated carbon in the water-blocking and gas-blocking layer 4 absorbs harmful gas volatilized from the garbage pile and degrades the harmful gas into harmless gas, the harmless gas can be absorbed by plant roots in the capillary blocking layer 2 or discharged out of the garbage pile body 1 through the seepage flow guide and discharge layer 3, according to the unsaturated soil mechanics principle, the gas permeability coefficient of the water-blocking and gas-blocking layer 4 is extremely low at the moment, and gas can not escape basically, so that the gas-blocking function is realized.
It is noted that in some embodiments, the plant ash comprises at least one of rice hull ash, straw ash, and cedar ash, and in particular, in one embodiment, the plant ash is rice hull ash, and in another embodiment, the plant ash is a mixture of rice hull ash, straw ash, and cedar ash.
It should be noted that, in this embodiment, calcium bentonite is added to the capillary-retarding layer 2, and the main purpose of the calcium bentonite is to increase the capillary action of the capillary-retarding layer 2, so that the water retention effect can be better achieved.
Referring to fig. 1, in order to make the solid waste base composite type refuse landfill covering barrier system 100 more beautiful, a green plant layer 5 is planted on the upper surface of the solid waste base composite type refuse landfill covering barrier system 100, so that the green plant can beautify the environment on one hand, and can play a role of a reinforcing rib on the other hand, thereby preventing the solid waste base composite type refuse landfill covering barrier system 100 from landslide.
With reference to fig. 1, the solid waste base composite landfill covering barrier system further includes a capillary geotextile layer 21, the capillary geotextile layer 21 is disposed in the middle of the capillary retardant layer 2, and divides the capillary retardant layer 2 into a first capillary retardant layer and a second capillary retardant layer which are disposed along the inside and outside directions, in this embodiment, the capillary geotextile layer 21 plays a role of reinforcing, increases mechanical strength, improves anti-scouring capability, and prevents sliding damage; on the other hand, the self structural design utilizes a plurality of physical principles such as capillary force, siphon force, surface tension, gravity and the like, has the characteristics of difficult blockage, active drainage, high permeability and ageing resistance, and can discharge water under the condition that the functional layer is saturated with water.
Further, in the present embodiment, the capillary geotextile layer 21 is selected as a nano-capillary geotextile, the nano-capillary geotextile is laid in the middle of the middle capillary blocking layer 2 in a criss-cross and head-lap manner, the criss-cross distance of the nano-capillary geotextile is 50-100 cm, and the lap length is 20-40 cm.
Furthermore, in one embodiment, a larger capillary-retarding effect can be formed at the interface between the capillary-retarding layer 2 and the seepage-guiding layer 3, so as to increase the water-holding capacity of the capillary-retarding layer 2.
Referring to fig. 1, in the present embodiment, the thickness of the capillary stop layer 2 is 50-80 cm; the thickness of the seepage guide and drainage layer 3 is 10-20 cm; the thickness of the water-blocking and air-blocking layer 4 is 30-50 cm. Within the thickness range, the structural stability of the solid waste base composite type refuse landfill covering barrier system 100 can be ensured, and the aims of reducing and recycling the solid waste can be achieved to the greatest extent. It should be noted that, if the thickness of the capillary retarding layer 2 is less than 50cm, the water storage capacity will be insufficient, and if the thickness of the capillary retarding layer 2 is more than 80cm, on one hand, the water drainage capacity will be insufficient, and on the other hand, if the thickness of the capillary retarding layer 2 is too thick, the stability will be insufficient, and a landslide phenomenon will be easily generated in a rainy weather; the thickness of the water and air blocking layer 4 is less than 30cm, harmful gas generated by the buried garbage can seep out, and the thickness of the water and air blocking layer 4 is more than 50cm, so that the structure is unstable, and the landslide phenomenon is easy to generate in rainy days.
Further, the capillary-retarding layer 2 had a permeability coefficient of 1X 10 -5 ～1×10 -4 cm/s; the permeability coefficient of the water-blocking and air-blocking layer 4 is 1 multiplied by 10 -8 ～1×10 -7 cm/s; the permeability coefficient of the seepage flow guide and drainage layer 3 is 1 multiplied by 10 -3 ～1× 10 -2 cm/s; it is to be noted thatIn the present embodiment, the permeability coefficient of the water-blocking gas-occluding layer 4 is lower than 1 × 10 -7 cm/s, so that basically no water in the capillary retarding layer 2 and the seepage flow guide and discharge layer 3 penetrates into the garbage pile body 1 to soak the garbage pile body 1, so that the garbage pile body 1 is fermented to generate harmful gas to pollute the environment.
In the embodiment, in order to ensure the structural stability of the solid waste base composite type refuse landfill covering barrier system 100 and ensure that the solid waste base composite type refuse landfill covering barrier system does not generate the risk of landslide in rainy weather, the relative compaction density of the capillary retardant layer 2 is not lower than 0.9; meanwhile, the relative compaction density of the seepage flow guide and drainage layer 3 is not lower than 0.9; and the relative compaction density of the water-blocking and air-blocking layer 4 is not lower than 0.9.
Referring to fig. 1, in the capillary-retarding layer 2, the contents of the municipal sludge, the engineering residual sludge, the calcium-based bentonite, the plant ash and the construction waste fine aggregate also affect the capillary-retarding absorption and water storage, and specifically, in this embodiment, the mass percentage of the municipal sludge is 40 to 50%, the mass percentage of the engineering residual sludge is 20 to 50%, the mass percentage of the plant ash is 0.5 to 1%, and the mass percentage of the construction waste fine aggregate is not higher than 10%. In rainy weather, a part of rainwater flows into the ground through the capillary retarding layer 2, the other part of rainwater is absorbed by the capillary retarding layer 2 and stored in the capillary retarding layer 2, and in dry weather, moisture is released through transpiration of green plants and evaporation of the surface of soil particles on the upper surface of the capillary retarding layer 2.
In addition, in the water-blocking and gas-blocking layer 4, the content of each component also affects the function of the water-blocking and gas-blocking layer 4, specifically, in this embodiment, the mass percentage of the municipal dewatered sludge is 25 to 30%, the mass percentage of the engineering residual sludge is 25 to 30%, the mass percentage of the construction waste micro powder is 18 to 20%, the mass percentage of the slag powder is 10 to 15%, the mass percentage of the desulfurized gypsum powder is 1 to 2%, the mass percentage of the fly ash is 5 to 10%, the mass percentage of the nitrogen-rich sludge-based activated carbon is 3 to 5%, and the mass percentage of the alkali activator is 0.3 to 0.5%. The inventor repeatedly studies and experiments to obtain that after municipal dewatered sludge, slag powder, desulfurized gypsum powder, fly ash, construction waste micro powder and nitrogen-rich sludge-based activated carbon are mixed according to the above steps, the water-blocking gas-blocking layer 4 not only can play a role of preventing rainwater, but also can prevent gas leakage generated by the landfill garbage and can degrade gas generated by the landfill garbage; the nitrogen-enriched sludge-based activated carbon has the advantages of large porosity, strong gas adsorption capacity and large microorganism carrying capacity, and can effectively adsorb harmful gases volatilized from the garbage stack 1 and degrade the harmful gases into harmless gases; under the alkaline condition formed by the alkali activator, the slag, the fly ash and the desulfurized gypsum can react to form ettringite with higher strength, and the impermeability, the corrosion resistance and the cohesiveness of the water and gas blocking layer 4 are increased. The slag powder can improve the strength, durability and corrosion resistance of the high water-blocking gas-tight layer 4; the desulfurized gypsum can absorb harmful gases such as sulfur dioxide and the like generated in the landfill garbage, and the environment pollution caused by the leakage of the desulfurized gypsum to the outside is avoided; the fly ash can improve the mobile phase, the cohesiveness and the water retention of the water-blocking and gas-blocking layer 4.
In this example, the alkali activator is selected from the ash obtained by burning tung tree leaves, fir wood and camphor tree leaves.
Further, in the municipal dewatered sludge, the water content of the municipal dewatered sludge is not higher than 60%; it should be noted that if the water content of the municipal dewatered sludge exceeds 60%, the structure of the prepared water-blocking gas-blocking layer 4 is unstable, and the dry shrinkage deformation is large.
Further, in order to ensure the structural stability of the water-blocking gas-tight layer 4, the water content of the engineering residual sludge is not higher than 40% in the engineering residual sludge.
Referring to fig. 1, in the present embodiment, the seepage guiding and discharging layer 3 is mainly composed of building waste coarse aggregates, and the particle size of the building waste coarse aggregates is 10-40 mm. The construction waste coarse aggregate mainly plays a role in breaking down the rainwater guide and drainage function of the capillary retardation layer 2, and particularly, the particle size of the construction waste coarse aggregate particles can be 10mm, 20mm, 30mm or 40 mm. The coarse aggregate of the construction waste can play a role in guiding and discharging, so that rainwater is prevented from entering the waste pile 1 to soak the waste, more waste leachate is generated, and landslide hazard accidents of the waste pile are avoided.
It should be noted that, during the specific construction, the water and air blocking layer 4 is firstly arranged, the seepage flow guide and drainage layer 3 is arranged on the water and air blocking layer 4, and the capillary blocking layer 2 is arranged on the seepage flow guide and drainage layer 3, so that in order to prevent the construction waste coarse aggregate in the seepage flow guide and drainage layer 3 from entering the water and air blocking layer 4 during the construction process, a first insulating material is arranged between the seepage flow guide and drainage layer 3 and the water and air blocking layer 4, thereby ensuring the construction quality, and meanwhile, the first insulating material can also protect the water and air blocking layer 4 and prevent the water and air blocking layer 4 from being crushed during the construction process; meanwhile, in order to avoid the material in the capillary retarding layer 2 from entering the seepage flow guide and drainage layer 3 and blocking the seepage flow guide and drainage layer 3, a second insulating material is arranged between the capillary retarding layer 2 and the seepage flow guide and drainage layer 3, thereby ensuring the construction quality; therefore, the compaction degree between each layer can be ensured to meet the construction requirement, and each layer can be protected from construction damage.
It should be noted that specific materials of the first insulating material and the second insulating material are not limited, and specific conditions can be selected according to actual construction requirements; specifically, in this embodiment, the first insulating material and the second insulating material are both selected to be water-permeable and air-permeable draining geotextiles.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the solid waste base composite type refuse landfill covering barrier system 100, which comprises the following preparation steps:
step S100, uniformly mixing the political affairs dehydrated sludge, the engineering residual sludge, the construction waste micro powder, the slag powder, the desulfurized gypsum powder, the fly ash, the nitrogen-rich sludge-based activated carbon and the alkali activator, and paving the mixture on the upper surface of a garbage pile body to form a water-blocking gas-tight layer 4;
s200, paving the building garbage coarse aggregate on the upper surface of the water-blocking air-tight layer 4 and compacting to form a seepage guide and drainage layer 3;
step S300, uniformly mixing municipal dewatered sludge, construction waste fine aggregate, engineering residual mud, calcium-based bentonite and plant ash, and paving the mixture on the surface of the seepage drainage guide layer 3 to compact the mixture to form a capillary retardation layer 2;
and S400, planting green plants on the capillary blocking layer 2 to obtain a solid waste base composite type refuse landfill covering barrier system.
Specifically, in practical application, the solid waste base composite landfill covering barrier system 100 can be constructed by the following method:
(1) construction waste disposal
The construction waste is crushed, impurities are extracted, and then three materials with different particle size ranges are respectively screened for later use, wherein the materials with the particle size of 10-40 mm are construction waste coarse aggregates, the materials with the particle size of 0.16-4.75 mm are construction waste fine aggregates, and the materials with the particle size of less than 0.16mm are construction waste micro powder.
(2) Preparation of nitrogen-enriched sludge-based activated carbon
Drying the sludge at 105 deg.C, crushing, sieving (mesh diameter of 2mm), adding ZnCl 2 Dipping with the dipping ratio of 1:1 ZnCl 2 The activated carbon is soaked for 24 hours at the concentration of 50 percent, then is activated at 400 ℃, is carbonized at 380-420 ℃, is washed by water and is dried at 105 ℃ to prepare sludge carbon; mixing organic matters with high nitrogen content such as urea or amide with sludge carbon in a ratio of 1: 30, and performing dry distillation at 400-500 ℃ for 1h to prepare the nitrogen-enriched sludge-based activated carbon.
(3) Construction of water-blocking and air-tight layer 4
Preparing materials by combining 25-30% of municipal dewatered sludge, 25-30% of engineering residual sludge, 18-20% of construction waste micro powder, 10-15% of slag powder, 1-2% of desulfurized gypsum powder, 5-10% of fly ash, 0.3-0.5% of alkali excitation and 3-5% of nitrogen-rich sludge-based activated carbon, selecting gray matter obtained by burning tung tree leaves, fir trees and camphor tree leaves as an alkali activator, uniformly stirring dry materials except the municipal sludge, mixing the alkali activator into the municipal sludge, uniformly stirring, and finally uniformly stirring the sludge and the mixed dry materials for later use; and (3) uniformly spreading the modified sludge on the surface of the garbage pile body 1 needing to be sealed, and performing layered compaction and maintenance.
It should be noted that, in the construction process, the water content of the finally prepared water-blocking and air-blocking layer 4 is ensured to be 15-30%, the relative compaction density is not lower than 0.9, the paving thickness is 30-50 cm, and the permeability coefficient is not lower than 1 multiplied by 10 -7 cm/s, paving the stirred modified sludge in time, wherein the time is not more than 5 hours, and adding a temporary covering layer on the surface of the modified sludge during summer curing, even spraying water mist, so as to prevent the surface layer from evaporating too fast to form drying shrinkage cracks; the water content of the selected municipal sludge is not higher than 60%.
(4) Construction of seepage drainage layer 3
After the water-blocking and air-blocking layer 4 is built and maintained, a layer of water-permeable and air-permeable drainage geotextile is laid above the water-blocking and air-blocking layer, and then the construction garbage coarse aggregate with the particle size of 4.75-40 mm is laid on the geotextile and is compacted in a layered manner.
As a preferred embodiment of this embodiment, the particle size of the building rubbish coarse aggregate in the water and air blocking layer 4 is preferably 10-40 mm.
It should be noted that, in the construction process, the relative compaction density of the finally prepared seepage drainage layer 3 is ensured to be not less than 0.9, the paving thickness is 10-20 cm, and the permeability coefficient is not less than 1 multiplied by 10 -2 cm/s。
(5) Construction of capillary retarding layer 2
After the seepage flow guide and drainage layer 3 is built, a layer of water-permeable and air-permeable drainage geotextile is laid above the seepage flow guide and drainage geotextile, and the material is braised for 1-2 hours after the municipal sludge is directly stirred uniformly according to the proportion of 40-50 percent, 5-10 percent of calcium bentonite, 20-40 percent of engineering residual sludge, 0.3-0.5 percent of plant ash and 5-10 percent of construction waste fine aggregate. And (3) spreading the modified sludge above the geotextile layer by layer, compacting and maintaining the geotextile layer by layer, and paving the nano capillary geotextile layer 21 in the middle.
It should be noted that, in the construction process, the moisture content of the finally prepared capillary retardation layer 2 is ensured to be lower than 30%, the relative compaction density is not lower than 0.9, the paving thickness is 50-80 cm, and the permeability coefficient is 1 multiplied by 10 -5 ～1×10 -4 cm/s, should be on the surface of the modified sludge during summer maintenanceA temporary covering layer is added, and even water mist is sprayed, so that the water on the surface layer is prevented from evaporating too fast to form a drying crack; the water content of the selected municipal sludge is not higher than 60%, and the water content of the engineering residual sludge is not higher than 40%.
(6) Surface vegetation planting
After the capillary retardation layer 2 is constructed, herbaceous plants and shallow root shrubs are planted on the surface of the growth layer, and more slope protection plant varieties are selected as far as possible. Attention is paid to the planting season, cold weather transplantation is avoided, and the survival rate is guaranteed.
(7) Inverted arrangement of the drainage ditch
And arranging guide and drainage channels at intervals of 20-50 m from top to bottom along the outer slope of the garbage body covering layer, and arranging a guide and drainage channel at the toe of the slope. The spacing and size of the drainage ditches can be determined according to the maximum rainfall in the local rainy season.
In addition, the invention also provides a preparation method of the nitrogen-rich sludge-based activated carbon, and please refer to fig. 2, the preparation method of the nitrogen-rich sludge-based activated carbon comprises the following preparation steps:
step S10, adding zinc chloride into the sludge powder, carbonizing after activating, grinding and washing to obtain sludge carbon;
in performing step S10, it may be performed by: collecting sludge, drying the sludge, grinding the sludge, sieving the ground sludge by using a 2-3 mm screen to obtain a sludge crushed material, adding zinc chloride into the sludge crushed material, activating at 100-110 ℃, carbonizing at 380-420 ℃, grinding and washing again to obtain sludge carbon.
And step S20, adding nitrogen-containing organic matters into the sludge carbon, uniformly stirring, and then performing dry distillation for 0.9-1.2 h at the temperature of 400-500 ℃ to obtain the nitrogen-rich sludge-based activated carbon.
In performing step S20, it may be performed by: the volume ratio of nitrogen-containing organic matters to sludge carbon is 1: (25-30), adding nitrogen-containing organic matters into the sludge carbon, uniformly stirring, and distilling for 0.9-1.2 h at the temperature of 400-500 ℃ to obtain the nitrogen-rich sludge-based activated carbon.
Further, in this embodiment, the nitrogen-containing organic compound may be urea, amide, or a mixture of urea and amide.
The technical solutions of the present invention are further described in detail below with reference to specific examples and drawings, it should be understood that the following examples are merely illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.
Example 1
The solid waste base composite refuse landfill covering barrier system comprises a capillary blocking layer, a seepage drainage layer and a water-blocking and gas-blocking layer which are sequentially superposed from outside to inside; the thickness of the capillary retardation layer is 60cm, the thickness of the seepage flow guide layer is 20cm, and the thickness of the water-blocking and air-blocking layer is 30 cm; wherein, the capillary retarding layer is prepared from the following materials in percentage by weight: 45% of municipal sludge, 40% of engineering residual mud, 5% of calcium bentonite, 0.5% of plant ash and 9.5% of construction waste fine aggregate; the seepage flow guide and drainage layer is made of the following materials: 100% of construction waste coarse aggregate, wherein the particle size of the construction waste coarse aggregate is 20 mm; the water-blocking and air-blocking layer is prepared from the following materials in parts by weight: according to the technical scheme, the method comprises the following steps of burning 25% of municipal sludge, 25% of engineering residual sludge, 20% of construction waste micro powder, 15% of slag micro powder, 8% of fly ash, 2% of desulfurized gypsum powder, 0.5% of alkali activator and 4.5% of nitrogen-rich sludge-based activated carbon, wherein the alkali activator is gray matter obtained by burning tung tree leaves, fir trees and camphor tree leaves.
Example 2
The covering barrier system of the solid waste base composite type refuse landfill comprises a capillary retarding layer, a seepage flow guide and discharge layer and a water and gas blocking layer which are sequentially overlapped from outside to inside on a refuse pile body; the thickness of the capillary retardation layer is 60cm, the thickness of the seepage flow guide layer is 20cm, and the thickness of the water and air blocking layer is 20 cm; wherein, the capillary retarding layer is prepared from the following materials in percentage by weight: 45% of municipal sludge, 5% of calcium bentonite, 40% of engineering residual mud, 0.5% of plant ash and 9.5% of construction waste fine aggregate; the seepage flow guide and drainage layer is made of the following materials: 100% of construction waste coarse aggregate, wherein the particle size of the construction waste coarse aggregate is 20 mm; the water-blocking and air-blocking layer is prepared from the following materials in parts by weight: 25% of municipal sludge, 25% of engineering residual mud, 20% of construction waste micro-powder, 15% of slag micro-powder, 8% of fly ash, 2% of desulfurized gypsum powder, 0.5% of alkali activator and 4.5% of nitrogen-rich sludge-based activated carbon, wherein the alkali activator is gray matter obtained by burning tung tree leaves, fir trees and camphor tree leaves.
Example 3
The covering barrier system of the solid waste base composite type refuse landfill comprises a capillary retarding layer, a seepage flow guide and discharge layer and a water and gas blocking layer which are sequentially overlapped from outside to inside on a refuse pile body; the thickness of the capillary retardation layer is 60cm, the thickness of the seepage flow guide layer is 20cm, and the thickness of the water and air blocking layer is 50 cm; wherein, the capillary retarding layer is prepared from the following materials in percentage by weight: 45% of municipal sludge, 5% of calcium bentonite, 40% of engineering residual mud, 0.5% of plant ash and 9.5% of construction waste fine aggregate; the seepage flow guide and drainage layer is made of the following materials: 100% of construction waste coarse aggregate, wherein the particle size of the construction waste coarse aggregate is 20 mm; the water-blocking and air-blocking layer is prepared from the following materials in parts by weight: 30% of municipal sludge, 30% of engineering residual mud, 20% of building garbage micro powder, 9% of slag micro powder, 4% of fly ash, 2% of desulfurized gypsum, 0.5% of alkali activator and 4.5% of nitrogen-rich sludge-based activated carbon, wherein the alkali activator is gray matter obtained by burning tung tree leaves, fir trees and camphor tree leaves.
Example 4
The covering barrier system of the solid waste base composite type refuse landfill comprises a capillary retarding layer, a seepage flow guide and discharge layer and a water and gas blocking layer which are sequentially overlapped from outside to inside on a refuse pile body; the thickness of the capillary retardation layer is 60cm, the thickness of the seepage flow guide layer is 20cm, and the thickness of the water and air blocking layer is 50 cm; wherein, the capillary retarding layer is prepared from the following materials in percentage by weight: 45% of municipal sludge, 5% of calcium bentonite, 40% of engineering residual mud, 0.5% of plant ash and 9.5% of construction waste fine aggregate; the seepage flow guide and drainage layer is made of the following materials: 100% of construction waste coarse aggregate, wherein the particle size of the construction waste coarse aggregate is 20 mm; the water-blocking and air-blocking layer is prepared from the following materials in parts by weight: 30% of municipal sludge, 30% of engineering residual mud, 20% of construction waste micro-powder, 8% of slag micro-powder, 7.5% of fly ash, 2% of desulfurized gypsum, 0.5% of alkali activator and 2% of nitrogen-rich sludge-based activated carbon, wherein the alkali activator is gray matter obtained by burning tung tree leaves, fir trees and camphor tree leaves.
Comparative example
Selecting a traditional clay sealing covering system, wherein the traditional clay sealing covering system comprises a vegetation nutrition layer, a drainage layer and a compacted clay impermeable layer from top to bottom; wherein, the thickness of the vegetation nutrition layer is 60cm, the thickness of the drainage layer is 20cm, and the thickness of the compacted clay impermeable layer is 30 cm; preparing materials of a vegetation nutrient layer: 100% of nutrient soil; 100% of pebbles are prepared in the material of the guide and exhaust layer; the material ratio of the compacted clay impermeable layer is as follows: 100% of compacted clay.
Performance testing
The solid waste base composite type landfill covering barrier system provided by the embodiments 1 to 4 of the invention and the traditional clay sealing covering system provided by the comparative example are taken to carry out field simulation test, the table 1 is the performance test result of the solid waste base composite type landfill covering barrier system provided by the embodiments 1 to 4 of the invention, and the table 2 is the performance test result of the traditional clay sealing covering system provided by the comparative example.
Table 1 examples 1 to 4 results of performance test
Table 2 comparative example performance test results
As can be seen from tables 1 and 2, the solid waste base composite type landfill site covering barrier systems provided in embodiments 1 to 4 of the present invention have superior water resistance, gas-tight and pollution-reduction capabilities to those of the conventional clay sealing site covering systems provided in the comparative examples, and compared with the conventional clay sealing site covering systems, the solid waste base composite type landfill site covering barrier systems provided in the present invention have greatly improved gas-tight performance, improved gas-tight performance by more than one amount, and improved water resistance by more than one time.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, and various modifications and changes will occur to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A solid waste base composite type refuse landfill covering barrier system is arranged on the outer side of a refuse pile body and is characterized by comprising a capillary retarding layer, a seepage flow guide and discharge layer and a water and gas blocking layer which are sequentially overlapped from outside to inside;
the capillary retardation layer is made of municipal dewatered sludge, construction waste fine aggregate, engineering residual mud, calcium-based bentonite and plant ash;
the material of the seepage flow guide and discharge layer comprises building garbage coarse aggregate;
the water-blocking and air-tight layer is made of municipal dewatered sludge, engineering residual sludge, construction waste micro powder, slag powder, desulfurized gypsum powder, fly ash, nitrogen-rich sludge-based activated carbon and alkali activator.
2. The solid waste based composite refuse landfill covering barrier system of claim 1, wherein in the capillary retardant layer, the mass percent of the municipal sludge is 40-50%, the mass percent of the engineering residual sludge is 20-40%, the mass percent of the calcium bentonite is 5-10%, the mass percent of the plant ash is 0.3-0.5%, and the mass percent of the construction waste fine aggregate is 5-10%.
3. The solid waste based composite refuse landfill covering barrier system according to claim 1, wherein in the water and gas blocking layer, the municipal dewatered sludge accounts for 25-30% by mass, the engineering residual sludge accounts for 25-30% by mass, the construction waste micro powder accounts for 18-20% by mass, the slag powder accounts for 10-15% by mass, the desulfurized gypsum powder accounts for 1-2% by mass, the fly ash accounts for 5-10% by mass, the nitrogen-enriched sludge based activated carbon accounts for 3-5% by mass, and the alkali activator accounts for 0.3-0.5% by mass.
4. The solid waste based composite landfill covering barrier system of claim 3, wherein in the municipal dewatered sludge, the municipal dewatered sludge has a water content of not more than 60%; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
in the engineering residual sludge, the water content of the engineering residual sludge is not higher than 40%; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
the alkali activator comprises incineration ash of at least one of tung tree leaves, fir trees and camphor tree leaves.
5. The solid waste based composite refuse landfill covering barrier system according to claim 1, wherein the particle size of the construction waste coarse aggregate particles is 10-40 mm.
6. The solid waste based composite landfill site covering barrier system of claim 1, wherein a first insulating material is further disposed between the capillary retarding layer and the seepage flow guiding and draining layer; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
a second insulating material is also arranged between the seepage guide layer and the water and gas blocking layer; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
the solid waste base composite type refuse landfill covering barrier system further comprises a capillary geotextile layer, wherein the capillary geotextile layer is arranged in the middle of the capillary retardation layer and divides the capillary retardation layer into a first capillary retardation layer and a second capillary retardation layer which are arranged along the inner and outer directions.
7. The solid waste based composite landfill covering barrier system of claim 1, wherein the thickness of the capillary retarding layer is 50-80 cm; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
the thickness of the seepage guide and drainage layer is 10-20 cm; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
the thickness of the water-blocking and air-blocking layer is 30-50 cm.
8. The solid waste based composite landfill covering barrier system of claim 1, wherein the capillary retarding layer has a permeability coefficient of 1 x 10 -5 ～1×10 -4 cm/s; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
the permeability coefficient of the seepage flow guide and drainage layer is 1 multiplied by 10 -3 ～1×10 -2 cm/s; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
the permeability coefficient of the water-blocking and air-blocking layer is 1 multiplied by 10 -8 ～1×10 -7 cm/s。
9. The solid waste based composite landfill covering barrier system of claim 1, wherein the capillary retarding layer has a relative compaction density of not less than 0.9; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
the relative compaction density of the seepage flow guide and drainage layer is not lower than 0.9; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
the relative compaction density of the water-blocking and air-blocking layer is not lower than 0.9.
10. A preparation method of a solid waste base composite type refuse landfill covering barrier system is characterized by comprising the following preparation steps:
uniformly mixing the political affairs dehydrated sludge, engineering residual sludge, construction waste micro powder, slag powder, desulfurized gypsum powder, fly ash, nitrogen-rich sludge-based activated carbon and an alkali activator, and paving the mixture on the upper surface of a garbage pile body to form a water-blocking gas-tight layer;
paving the building garbage coarse aggregate on the upper surface of the water-blocking and air-blocking layer and compacting to form a seepage and drainage guide layer;
uniformly mixing municipal dewatered sludge, construction waste fine aggregate, engineering residual mud, calcium-based bentonite and plant ash, and paving the mixture on the surface of the seepage flow guide and drainage layer to compact the mixture so as to form a capillary retardation layer;
and planting green plants on the capillary blocking layer to obtain the solid waste base composite refuse landfill covering barrier system.
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| CN108914979A (en) * | 2018-06-25 | 2018-11-30 | 广州市香港科大霍英东研究院 | Refuse landfill capping layer and its preparation method and application |
| WO2020073792A1 (en) * | 2018-10-12 | 2020-04-16 | 江苏科技大学 | Modified sludge and preparation method therefor, and construction method using modified sludge as covering material |
| CN110624932A (en) * | 2019-09-11 | 2019-12-31 | 上海海顾新材料科技有限公司 | River, lake and reservoir bottom mud building material treatment system and treatment method |
| CN110668773A (en) * | 2019-11-12 | 2020-01-10 | 武汉轻工大学 | Landfill seepage-proofing barrier material and preparation method thereof |
| CN111804696A (en) * | 2020-07-15 | 2020-10-23 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Landfill retardation degradation type closing coverage system, and waterproof, gas-tight and pollutant degradation rate performance test device and method thereof |
| CN114059599A (en) * | 2021-12-24 | 2022-02-18 | 中国地质科学院郑州矿产综合利用研究所 | Odor adsorption material and adsorption system for refuse landfill and preparation method |
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