CN115011394A - Macadimia nut peel and shell based high-strength high-combustibility biomass granular fuel and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Macadimia nut peel and shell based high-strength high-combustibility biomass granular fuel and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115011394A CN115011394A CN202210674364.2A CN202210674364A CN115011394A CN 115011394 A CN115011394 A CN 115011394A CN 202210674364 A CN202210674364 A CN 202210674364A CN 115011394 A CN115011394 A CN 115011394A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L5/00—Solid fuels
- C10L5/40—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin
- C10L5/44—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin on vegetable substances
- C10L5/445—Agricultural waste, e.g. corn crops, grass clippings, nut shells or oil pressing residues
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L10/00—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L5/00—Solid fuels
- C10L5/02—Solid fuels such as briquettes consisting mainly of carbonaceous materials of mineral or non-mineral origin
- C10L5/34—Other details of the shaped fuels, e.g. briquettes
- C10L5/36—Shape
- C10L5/363—Pellets or granulates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L9/00—Treating solid fuels to improve their combustion
- C10L9/10—Treating solid fuels to improve their combustion by using additives
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of resource utilization of biomass pellet fuel and agricultural wastes, in particular to macadimia nut peel and shell-based high-strength high-combustibility biomass pellet fuel and a preparation method thereof. The biomass granular fuel comprises peel and shell of macadamia nut, a combustion improver, a sulfur fixing agent and a cementing agent; the grain sizes of the peel and the shell of the macadimia nut are less than 1 mm; mixing the peel and the shell of the macadimia nut according to the mass ratio of 2: 1-2: 2. The invention provides a high-calorific-value and high-combustibility biological granular fuel with stable mechanical property and good corrosion resistance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of resource utilization of biomass pellet fuel and agricultural wastes, in particular to macadimia nut peel and shell-based high-strength high-combustibility biomass pellet fuel and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The biomass pellet fuel can be used as a substitute of fossil fuel and can be used for an energy supply system designed by the fossil fuel. On the one hand, the energy demand which is continuously increased can be met to a certain extent, and on the other hand, the emission of harmful gas in the combustion process can be reduced. The fuel is pressed and formed into particles with regular shapes and sizes, so that the density is increased, the volume is reduced, the mechanical strength of the fuel is improved, and the transportation and the storage are convenient. In addition, the granular biofuel can reduce dust and the risk of explosion, and has higher safety.
At present, the major producing area of the macadamia nuts in Yunnan province and the primary processing plant of the macadamia nuts are relatively concentrated, and peels and shells are more easily collected as processing byproducts, so that a stable raw material source can be provided for the production of biomass pellet fuel. The content of acid-insoluble lignin in the shell of the macadamia nut reaches about 40 percent, is higher than that of common wood, and has better corrosion resistance. The fruit shell contains various fragrant volatile substances, and the prepared granular fuel can be used as fuel in production links of flue-cured tobacco, smoked meat, roasted tea and the like, so that the food has more unique flavor. However, in the prior art, a method for preparing biomass fuel by using the pericarp and the fruit shell of macadimia nut as raw materials does not exist.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a macadimia nut peel and shell based high-strength high-combustibility biomass granular fuel and a preparation method thereof, aims to overcome the defect that the biomass fuel prepared by using the peel and the shell of the macadimia nut as raw materials does not exist in the prior art, realizes resource utilization of the peel and the shell of the macadimia nut, and provides a high-calorific-value high-combustibility biomass granular fuel with stable mechanical properties and good corrosion resistance. The invention obtains the high-performance high-calorific value biological granular fuel under simple process conditions.
The invention provides a biomass granular fuel, which comprises macadamia nut peels, shells, a combustion improver, a sulfur fixing agent and a cementing agent;
the grain sizes of the peel and the shell of the macadimia nut are less than 1 mm;
mixing the peel and the shell of the macadimia nut according to the mass ratio of 2: 1-2: 2.
Preferably, the peel and shell of macadamia nut is in a semi-air dried or fully air dried state after food processing to remove the nut. Because the water content in the peel and the shell of the macadimia nut which is placed for a period of time under the natural ventilation condition after processing is lower, the drying and dehydration links of raw materials are omitted in the manufacturing process.
According to the biomass pellet fuel provided by the invention, the water content of the peel is 10-40%;
preferably, the water content of the peel is 10-30%.
According to the biomass granular fuel provided by the invention, the water content of the shells is 8-22%.
According to the biomass granular fuel provided by the invention, the addition amount of the combustion improver accounts for 0.5-2% of the total mass of the shells and the peels.
Preferably, the combustion improver is sodium carbonate and/or sodium bicarbonate.
According to the biomass granular fuel provided by the invention, the addition amount of the sulfur fixing agent accounts for 1-3% of the total mass of the shells and the peels.
Preferably, the sulfur fixing agent is calcium carbonate and/or hydrated lime.
According to the biomass granular fuel provided by the invention, the addition amount of the cementing agent accounts for 2-6% of the total mass of the shells and the peels.
Preferably, the cementing agent is industrial water glass.
According to the biomass pellet fuel provided by the invention, the particle size of the biomass pellet fuel is controlled to be 5-15 mm.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the biomass granular fuel, which comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing and granulating materials: mixing the pericarp and the shell of the macadimia nut, and adding a combustion improver, a sulfur-fixing agent and a cementing agent.
(2) And pressing and molding the mixed material to prepare the biomass granular fuel. The preparation method has the advantages of simple process, low energy consumption, low cost and the like. The biomass granular fuel produced by the invention has good combustion performance and low combustion pollution, and is convenient to transport and store. Meanwhile, the product prepared by the preparation method can be used in food processing industry, such as production links of flue-cured tobacco, roasted tea, smoked meat and the like.
According to the preparation method of the biomass granular fuel provided by the invention, in the step (2), the pressure of compression molding is controlled to be 20-60 MPa.
According to the preparation method of the biomass granular fuel provided by the invention, in the step (2), the temperature of compression molding is controlled to be 40-65 ℃. The pressure and temperature required in the particle compression molding link are lower than those of other technologies for preparing the biomass fuel. The preparation method of the biomass granular fuel provided by the invention is lower in preparation difficulty and more energy-saving.
Preferably, the preparation method of the biomass granular fuel comprises the following steps:
(1) crushing raw materials: pulverizing macadamia nut pericarp and shell.
(2) Mixing and granulating materials: mixing the crushed macadimia nut peels and shells, and adding a combustion improver, a sulfur-fixing agent and a cementing agent;
the combustion improver is sodium bicarbonate or sodium carbonate; the sulfur-fixing agent is calcium carbonate or hydrated lime; the cementing agent is industrial water glass;
(3) and pressing and molding the mixed material to prepare the biomass granular fuel.
Preferably, the crushed macadamia nut shells and shells are stored under dry and ventilated conditions for use.
Preferably, the mixture is pressed and formed by a granulator.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the main raw materials used in the technology are biomass, and the reagents used by the combustion improver, the cementing agent and the sulfur fixing agent are non-toxic reagents. Therefore, the macadimia nut peel and shell based high-strength high-combustibility biomass granular fuel prepared by the technology can be used in food processing industries, such as production links of flue-cured tobacco, roasted tea, smoked meat and the like, and can enable roasted or smoked foods to have more unique flavor.
(2) As the content of lignin in the shell of the raw material macadimia nut is higher, the corrosion resistance of the granular fuel is improved, and compared with other technologies, the technology of adding the preservative is omitted.
(3) The invention adds combustion improver, cementing agent and sulfur-fixing agent. The biomass granular fuel has excellent combustion performance, stable mechanical performance and convenient transportation and storage, and reduces the pollution of sulfur-containing gas generated by combustion.
(4) The preparation technology of the macadimia nut peel and shell-based high-strength high-combustibility biomass pellet fuel provides a new way for the consumption and resource utilization of the macadimia nut peel and shell.
(5) The invention takes the peel and the shell of the macadimia nut as raw materials, adds a certain amount of cementing and anticorrosive materials, and then presses and granulates the raw materials to prepare the high-calorific-value and high-combustibility biological granular fuel with stable mechanical property and good anticorrosive property. The invention provides a simple and low-carbon high-calorific-value bio-pellet fuel manufacturing technology.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it should be apparent that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Aiming at the defect that the peel and the shell of the macadimia nut are not used for preparing the biomass fuel in the prior art, the peel and the shell of the macadimia nut are crushed and then mixed according to a certain proportion, and the water content after mixing is controlled within a specific range. Adding a certain amount of sulfur-fixing agent, cementing agent and combustion improver into the mixture, uniformly mixing, and pressing under certain pressure and temperature conditions to prepare the biomass granular fuel. The process has the advantages of simple flow, low energy consumption, low cost and the like. The biomass granular fuel produced by the invention has good combustion performance and low combustion pollution, and is convenient to transport and store. Meanwhile, the product prepared by the technology can be used in the food processing industry, such as production links of flue-cured tobacco, roasted tea, smoked meat and the like.
Example 1
A macadimia nut peel and shell based high-strength high-combustibility biomass granular fuel and a preparation method thereof comprise the following steps:
(1) pulverizing peel (water content of 39.8%) and fruit shell (water content of 17.8%) of macadamia nut after processing for 3 days to below 0.5mm, and storing under dry and ventilated condition for use.
(2) Mixing the crushed macadimia nut peel and the crushed macadimia nut shell according to the weight ratio of 2:1. Adding 0.6 wt% of sodium bicarbonate as combustion improver, 1.2 wt% of slaked lime as sulfur-fixing agent and 3 wt% of industrial water glass as cementing agent, and mixing to obtain the final product.
(3) And pressing and forming by using a granulator. The pressure of the compression molding is controlled to be 40MPa, the temperature is 45 ℃, and the grain diameter of the fuel is 10 mm.
Example 2
A macadimia nut peel and shell based high-strength high-combustibility biomass granular fuel and a preparation method thereof comprise the following steps:
(1) pulverizing peel (water content of 29.2%) and shell (water content of 16.8%) of macadamia nut standing for 8 days to below 0.85mm, and storing under dry and ventilated condition.
(2) Mixing the crushed macadimia nut peel and the crushed macadimia nut shell according to the weight ratio of 2: 2. Adding 1 percent (weight ratio) of sodium carbonate as a combustion improver, adding 2 percent (weight ratio) of slaked lime as a sulfur-fixing agent, adding 3.5 percent (weight ratio) of industrial water glass as a cementing agent, and fully and uniformly mixing to prepare the mixed material.
(3) And pressing and forming by using a granulator. The pressure of the compression molding is controlled to be 55MPa, the temperature is 58 ℃, and the grain diameter of the fuel is 15 mm.
Example 3
A macadimia nut peel and shell based high-strength high-combustibility biomass granular fuel and a preparation method thereof comprise the following steps:
(1) pulverizing peel (water content 13.8%) and fruit shell (9.6%) of macadamia nut left air-dried under natural conditions to below 0.45mm, and storing under dry and ventilated conditions for use;
(2) mixing the crushed macadimia nut peels and the crushed macadimia nut shells according to the weight ratio of 2:1.5, adding 1.2 percent (by weight) of sodium carbonate as a combustion improver, 1.8 percent (by weight) of calcium carbonate as a sulfur fixing agent, and 3.3 percent (by weight) of industrial water glass as a cementing agent, and fully and uniformly mixing to prepare a mixed material;
(3) and (3) performing compression molding by using a granulator, wherein the pressure of the compression molding is controlled to be 48MPa, the temperature is controlled to be 60 ℃, and the particle size of the fuel is 12 mm.
Comparative example 1
A method for preparing biomass fuel by using macadamia nut production waste comprises the following steps:
(1) naturally air-drying macadamia nut peel, pulverizing to below 0.8mm, and storing under dry and ventilated condition.
(2) Adding 2% (by weight) of sodium carbonate as combustion improver, adding 1.6% (by weight) of ethylenediamine sodium acetate and 3.3% of calcium chloride, and mixing to obtain the final product.
(3) And pressing and forming by using a granulator. The pressure of the compression molding is controlled to be 60MPa, and the temperature is controlled to be 70 ℃.
Comparative example 2
A method for preparing biomass fuel by using macadamia nut production waste comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing the pruned branches and leaves of the macadimia nuts and the shells in a mass ratio of 3:1 (weight ratio) after being placed for a period of time.
(2) Pulverizing the mixture of branches and leaves and fruit shell to below 1.5mm, and storing under dry and ventilated condition.
(3) Adding 0.8 percent (weight ratio) of rosin emulsion, 2 percent (weight ratio) of ferric nitrate aqueous solution with the concentration of 0.07mol/L, and 4.2 percent (weight ratio) of calcium chloride, and fully and uniformly mixing to prepare the mixed material.
(4) And pressing and forming by using a granulator. The pressure of the compression molding is controlled to be 80MPa, the temperature is 95 ℃, and the particle size of the particles is controlled to be 20 mm.
Comparative example 3
A method for preparing biomass fuel by using macadamia nut production waste comprises the following steps:
(1) pulverizing macadamia shell to below 0.8mm, and storing under dry and ventilated condition.
(2) Adding 1.8% (by weight) of phosphoric acid, 3% (by weight) of sodium chloride and 3.3% of sodium hydroxide, and mixing to obtain the final product.
(3) And pressing and forming by using a granulator. The pressure of the compression molding is controlled to be 95MPa, the temperature is 55 ℃, and the particle size of the particles is controlled to be 15 mm.
Comparative example 4
A macadimia nut peel and shell based high-strength high-combustibility biomass granular fuel and a preparation method thereof comprise the following steps:
(1) pulverizing peel (water content of 39.8%) and fruit shell (water content of 17.8%) of macadamia nut after processing for 3 days to below 0.5mm, and storing under dry and ventilated condition for use.
(2) Mixing the crushed macadimia nut peel and the crushed macadimia nut shell according to the weight ratio of 4: 1. Adding 0.6 wt% of sodium bicarbonate as combustion improver, 1.2 wt% of slaked lime as sulfur-fixing agent and 3 wt% of industrial water glass as cementing agent, and mixing to obtain the final product.
(3) And pressing and forming by using a granulator. The pressure of the compression molding is controlled to be 40MPa, the temperature is 45 ℃, and the grain diameter of the fuel is 10 mm.
Comparative example 5
A macadimia nut peel and shell based high-strength high-combustibility biomass granular fuel and a preparation method thereof comprise the following steps:
(1) pulverizing peel (water content of 29.2%) and shell (water content of 16.8%) of macadamia nut standing for 8 days to below 0.85mm, and storing under dry and ventilated condition.
(2) Mixing the crushed macadimia nut peel and the crushed macadimia nut shell according to the weight ratio of 1: 5. Adding 1 percent (weight ratio) of sodium carbonate as a combustion improver, adding 2 percent (weight ratio) of slaked lime as a sulfur-fixing agent, adding 3.5 percent (weight ratio) of industrial water glass as a cementing agent, and fully and uniformly mixing to prepare the mixed material.
(3) And pressing and forming by using a granulator. The pressure of the compression molding is controlled to be 55MPa, the temperature is 58 ℃, and the grain diameter of the fuel is 15 mm.
The biomass pellet fuels prepared in examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 5 were subjected to the test. The reference GB/T30727 is used for a received base low-grade calorific value test, the reference NY/T1881.2 is used for a full-moisture (received base) test, the reference NY/T1881.5 is used for an ash (dry base) test, and the reference NY/T1881.8 is used for a crushing rate test. The results are shown in Table 1.
Table 1 biomass pellet fuel performance test results
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The biomass pellet fuel is characterized by comprising the peel and the shell of macadamia nut, a combustion improver, a sulfur fixing agent and a cementing agent;
the grain sizes of the peel and the shell of the macadimia nut are less than 1 mm;
mixing the peel and the shell of the macadimia nut according to the mass ratio of 2: 1-2: 2.
2. The biomass pellet fuel as claimed in claim 1, wherein the water content of the peel is 10-40%;
preferably, the water content of the peel is 10-30%.
3. The biomass pellet fuel as claimed in claim 1, wherein the water content of the husk is 8-22%.
4. The biomass pellet fuel as claimed in claim 1, wherein the addition amount of the combustion improver accounts for 0.5-2% of the total mass of the shells and the peels; preferably, the combustion improver is sodium bicarbonate and/or sodium carbonate.
5. The biomass pellet fuel as claimed in claim 1, wherein the sulfur fixing agent accounts for 1-3% of the total mass of the husk and the pericarp; preferably, the sulfur fixing agent is calcium carbonate and/or hydrated lime.
6. The biomass granular fuel as claimed in claim 1, wherein the addition amount of the cementing agent accounts for 2-6% of the total mass of the shells and the peels; preferably, the cementing agent is industrial water glass.
7. The biomass pellet fuel as claimed in claim 1, wherein the particle size of the biomass pellet fuel is controlled to be 5-15 mm.
8. A method for preparing the biomass granular fuel as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) mixing and granulating materials: mixing the peel and the shell of the macadimia nut, and adding a combustion improver, a sulfur-fixing agent and a cementing agent;
(2) and pressing and molding the mixed material to prepare the biomass granular fuel.
9. The preparation method of the biomass pellet fuel as claimed in claim 8, wherein in the step (2), the pressure of the compression molding is controlled to be 20-60 MPa.
10. The method for preparing the biomass pellet fuel as claimed in claim 8, wherein in the step (2), the temperature of the compression molding is controlled to be 40-65 ℃.
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KR102037814B1 (en) * | 2019-07-03 | 2019-10-30 | 잣고개영농조합법인 | A compression-molded material of composition comprising pine nut shell and manufacturing method thereof |
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US20030024165A1 (en) * | 2001-06-28 | 2003-02-06 | Antal Michael J. | Process for flash carbonization of biomass |
CN1651550A (en) * | 2005-01-07 | 2005-08-10 | 湖北省林业科学研究院 | Chinese chestnut bract shell solid shape carbon and its manufacturing method |
CN103509625A (en) * | 2012-06-30 | 2014-01-15 | 青岛嘉能节能环保技术有限公司 | Biomass fuel prepared from edible nut shells |
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