CN115010360B - Preparation method of optical fiber preform, optical fiber preform and optical fiber - Google Patents
Preparation method of optical fiber preform, optical fiber preform and optical fiber Download PDFInfo
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- CN115010360B CN115010360B CN202210825227.4A CN202210825227A CN115010360B CN 115010360 B CN115010360 B CN 115010360B CN 202210825227 A CN202210825227 A CN 202210825227A CN 115010360 B CN115010360 B CN 115010360B
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- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 149
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 43
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 232
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 76
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 239000012792 core layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 238000005906 dihydroxylation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 238000004017 vitrification Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 70
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 64
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 40
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 40
- VXEGSRKPIUDPQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[4-(4-methoxyphenyl)piperazin-1-yl]aniline Chemical compound C1=CC(OC)=CC=C1N1CCN(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)CC1 VXEGSRKPIUDPQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 39
- 239000005049 silicon tetrachloride Substances 0.000 claims description 39
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 38
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 35
- 238000005137 deposition process Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Fluoride anion Chemical compound [F-] KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 26
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 16
- IEXRMSFAVATTJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrachlorogermane Chemical compound Cl[Ge](Cl)(Cl)Cl IEXRMSFAVATTJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 abstract description 22
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 abstract description 21
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 abstract description 9
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 11
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 3
- ABTOQLMXBSRXSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon tetrafluoride Chemical compound F[Si](F)(F)F ABTOQLMXBSRXSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910004018 SiF Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005554 pickling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B37/00—Manufacture or treatment of flakes, fibres, or filaments from softened glass, minerals, or slags
- C03B37/01—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments
- C03B37/012—Manufacture of preforms for drawing fibres or filaments
- C03B37/014—Manufacture of preforms for drawing fibres or filaments made entirely or partially by chemical means, e.g. vapour phase deposition of bulk porous glass either by outside vapour deposition [OVD], or by outside vapour phase oxidation [OVPO] or by vapour axial deposition [VAD]
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B37/00—Manufacture or treatment of flakes, fibres, or filaments from softened glass, minerals, or slags
- C03B37/01—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments
- C03B37/012—Manufacture of preforms for drawing fibres or filaments
- C03B37/014—Manufacture of preforms for drawing fibres or filaments made entirely or partially by chemical means, e.g. vapour phase deposition of bulk porous glass either by outside vapour deposition [OVD], or by outside vapour phase oxidation [OVPO] or by vapour axial deposition [VAD]
- C03B37/01446—Thermal after-treatment of preforms, e.g. dehydrating, consolidating, sintering
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B37/00—Manufacture or treatment of flakes, fibres, or filaments from softened glass, minerals, or slags
- C03B37/01—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments
- C03B37/02—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments by drawing or extruding, e.g. direct drawing of molten glass from nozzles; Cooling fins therefor
- C03B37/025—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments by drawing or extruding, e.g. direct drawing of molten glass from nozzles; Cooling fins therefor from reheated softened tubes, rods, fibres or filaments, e.g. drawing fibres from preforms
- C03B37/027—Fibres composed of different sorts of glass, e.g. glass optical fibres
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/50—Glass production, e.g. reusing waste heat during processing or shaping
- Y02P40/57—Improving the yield, e-g- reduction of reject rates
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacture, Treatment Of Glass Fibers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a preparation method of an optical fiber preform, the optical fiber preform and an optical fiber. The preparation method of the optical fiber preform rod comprises the following steps: carrying out deposition treatment on the seed rod, and sequentially forming a core layer, a first inner cladding layer, a second inner cladding layer and a third inner cladding layer on the outer surface of the seed rod to obtain a loose powder body; sequentially carrying out dehydroxylation treatment and vitrification sintering on the loose powder body to obtain a glass rod; performing deposition treatment on the glass rod to obtain an optical fiber preform; wherein the powder density of the first inner cladding, the powder density of the second inner cladding and the powder density of the third inner cladding are sequentially reduced; the powder density of the first inner cladding, the powder density of the second inner cladding and the powder density of the third inner cladding are all more than 0.21g/cm 3 . The optical fiber preform obtained by the method can form the optical fiber which has excellent bending resistance and service life, can realize good butt joint with the G652 optical fiber and meets the transmission requirements of various wave bands.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of optical fiber preparation, in particular to a preparation method of an optical fiber preform, an optical fiber preform and an optical fiber.
Background
As broadband services begin to reach home with optical fibers, the construction of communication networks has focused on the development of core networks towards optical fiber access networks. In the construction of the optical fiber access network, the optical cable including the optical fibers needs to be placed in a crowded pipeline, or the optical cable including the optical fibers needs to be fixed in a line receiving end of a narrow space such as a junction box and a socket after being bent for a plurality of times, so that the optical fibers are subjected to signal attenuation due to extrusion bending. Accordingly, more and more optical fiber manufacturers are beginning to study to produce optical fibers having excellent bending resistance, which are not easily subjected to bending loss in a narrow space.
The prior art attempts to improve the bending resistance of optical fibers by the following methods, respectively: for example, by reducing the mode field diameter of the fiber and/or increasing the cut-off wavelength of the fiber in an attempt to improve the bending resistance of the fiber, however, a small mode field diameter fiber cannot form a good splice with a conventional G652 fiber, resulting in a large splice loss, while the cut-off wavelength of the fiber has a limited increase in space, and if the cut-off wavelength exceeds 1260nm, the fiber will not meet the full band transmission requirements; or, the inner cladding with the low-refractive-index groove is formed by shrinking the outer side of the core rod, when the optical fiber is bent, the refractive index of the optical fiber can be reduced by utilizing the cladding with the low-refractive-index groove, so that the optical fiber can form total reflection transmission, and signal attenuation caused by bending of the optical fiber is avoided, but the shrinking easily causes the problems of size and interface between the core rod and the inner cladding with the low-refractive-index groove, and the service life of the optical fiber is influenced; in addition, the bending loss of the optical fiber can be reduced by forming holes in the optical fiber preform to provide an air layer in the optical fiber and improve the energy binding capacity of the optical fiber core layer, but the production efficiency of the optical fiber preform can be easily reduced by forming holes in the optical fiber preform, and further the production efficiency of the optical fiber can be reduced.
Therefore, there is an urgent need to provide an optical fiber that has excellent bending resistance, service life, and good butt joint with a G652 optical fiber and meets transmission requirements of various bands, and that has a simple manufacturing process and low production cost.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a preparation method of an optical fiber preform, the optical fiber preform obtained by the method can form an optical fiber which has excellent bending resistance and service life, can realize good butt joint with a G652 optical fiber and meets the transmission requirements of various wave bands, and the preparation method has simple process and low production cost.
The invention provides an optical fiber preform which is prepared according to the preparation method of the optical fiber preform, can be used for preparing the optical fiber which has excellent bending resistance and service life, can realize good butt joint with G652 optical fiber and meets the transmission requirements of various wave bands, and has simple preparation process and low production cost.
The invention provides an optical fiber which is prepared according to the optical fiber preform, has excellent bending resistance and service life, can realize good butt joint with a G652 optical fiber and meets the transmission requirements of various wave bands, and has simple preparation process and low production cost.
The invention provides a preparation method of an optical fiber preform, which comprises the following steps:
carrying out deposition treatment on the seed rod, and sequentially forming a core layer, a first inner cladding layer, a second inner cladding layer and a third inner cladding layer on the outer surface of the seed rod to obtain a loose powder body;
sequentially carrying out dehydroxylation treatment and vitrification sintering on the loose powder body to obtain a glass rod;
performing deposition treatment on the glass rod to obtain the optical fiber preform;
wherein the soot density of the first inner cladding, the soot density of the second inner cladding, and the soot density of the third inner cladding decrease in order;
the powder density of the first inner cladding, the powder density of the second inner cladding and the powder density of the third inner cladding are all greater than 0.21g/cm 3 。
Manufacture of optical fiber preform as described aboveThe preparation method comprises the steps of wherein the powder density of the first inner cladding is 0.26-0.29 g/cm 3 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the And/or the number of the groups of groups,
the powder density of the second inner cladding is 0.24-0.27 g/cm 3 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the And/or the number of the groups of groups,
the powder density of the third inner cladding is 0.22-0.25 g/cm 3 。
The preparation method of the optical fiber preform as described above, wherein a core layer raw material is deposited on the outer surface of the seed rod, and the core layer is formed on the outer surface of the seed rod;
wherein, the core layer raw materials include: silicon tetrachloride, germanium tetrachloride, hydrogen, oxygen and argon;
the flow rate of the silicon tetrachloride is 2-5 g/min, the flow rate of the germanium tetrachloride is 300-500 mg/min, the flow rate of the hydrogen is 7-9L/min, the flow rate of the oxygen is 10-15L/min, and the flow rate of the argon is 5-10L/min; and/or the number of the groups of groups,
in the deposition process of the core layer, the temperature is 800-1000 ℃.
The preparation method of the optical fiber preform, wherein a first inner cladding raw material is deposited on the outer surface of the core layer, and the first inner cladding is formed on the outer surface of the core layer;
wherein the first inner cladding raw material comprises: silicon tetrachloride, hydrogen, oxygen and argon;
the flow rate of the silicon tetrachloride is 25-30 g/min, the flow rate of the hydrogen is 90-100L/min, the flow rate of the oxygen is 45-50L/min, and the flow rate of the argon is 10-20L/min; and/or the number of the groups of groups,
in the deposition process of the first inner cladding, the temperature is 1300-1400 ℃.
The method for manufacturing an optical fiber preform as described above, wherein a second inner cladding raw material is deposited on an outer surface of the first inner cladding, and the second inner cladding is formed on the outer surface of the first inner cladding;
wherein the second inner cladding raw material comprises: silicon tetrachloride, hydrogen, oxygen and argon;
the flow rate of the silicon tetrachloride is 25-30 g/min, the flow rate of the hydrogen is 85-95L/min, the flow rate of the oxygen is 40-45L/min, and the flow rate of the argon is 10-20L/min; and/or the number of the groups of groups,
in the deposition process of the second inner cladding, the temperature is 1250-1350 ℃.
The method for manufacturing an optical fiber preform as described above, wherein a third inner cladding raw material is deposited on an outer surface of the second inner cladding, and the third inner cladding is formed on the outer surface of the second inner cladding;
wherein the third inner cladding raw material comprises: silicon tetrachloride, hydrogen, oxygen and argon;
the flow rate of the silicon tetrachloride is 25-30 g/min, the flow rate of the hydrogen is 80-85L/min, the flow rate of the oxygen is 35-40L/min, and the flow rate of the argon is 10-20L/min; and/or the number of the groups of groups,
in the deposition process of the third inner cladding, the temperature is 1250-1350 ℃.
The method for producing an optical fiber preform as described above, wherein the bulk powder is subjected to a dehydroxylation treatment using a dehydroxylation raw material;
the dehydroxylation raw material comprises: chlorine, helium and fluoride;
the flow rate of the chlorine is 500-1000 cc/min, the flow rate of the helium is 15-25L/min, and the flow rate of the fluoride is 200-500 cc/min; and/or the number of the groups of groups,
in the process of the dehydroxylation treatment, the temperature is 1000-1100 ℃ and the pressure is 5-10Pa.
The method for producing an optical fiber preform as described above, wherein the glass rod is obtained by subjecting the powder bulk subjected to the dehydroxylation treatment to the vitrification sintering using a vitrification raw material;
the vitrification raw materials include: helium and fluoride;
the flow rate of the helium is 15-25L/min, and the flow rate of the fluoride is 100-500 cc/min; and/or the number of the groups of groups,
in the vitrification sintering process, the temperature is 1350-1500 ℃ and the pressure is 10-15Pa.
The invention also provides an optical fiber preform, wherein the optical fiber preform is prepared according to the preparation method of the optical fiber preform.
The invention also provides an optical fiber, wherein the optical fiber is obtained by stretching the optical fiber preform.
The preparation method of the optical fiber preform comprises controlling the powder density of the first inner cladding, the second inner cladding and the third inner cladding to be more than 0.21g/cm in the preparation process 3 The light is effectively restrained when the optical fiber is bent, and the bending loss of the optical fiber is prevented from being increased due to light leakage; the preparation method of the invention has simple process and low production cost, is beneficial to obtaining the optical fiber which has long service life and can realize good butt joint with the G652 optical fiber and meets the transmission requirements of various wave bands.
The optical fiber preform is prepared according to the preparation method of the optical fiber preform, can be used for preparing the optical fiber which has excellent bending resistance and service life, can be well abutted with the G652 optical fiber and meets the transmission requirements of various wave bands, and has the advantages of simple preparation process and low production cost.
The optical fiber is prepared according to the optical fiber preform, has excellent bending resistance and service life, can realize good butt joint with the G652 optical fiber and meets the transmission requirements of various wave bands, and has simple preparation process and low production cost.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the related art, the drawings that are required to be used in the description of the embodiments of the present invention or the related technologies are briefly described below. It is evident that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention and that other drawings may be obtained from these drawings without inventive effort for a person of ordinary skill in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a deposition apparatus according to some embodiments of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a sintering apparatus according to some embodiments of the present invention.
Reference numerals illustrate:
1: a seed rod;
2: a deposition chamber;
3: a core burner;
4: a first inner cladding burner;
5: an air outlet;
6: a powder loosening body;
7: a glass tube;
8: a heating body;
9: a pressure controller;
10: an exhaust port;
11: an air inlet;
12: a second inner cladding burner;
13: and a third inner cladding burner.
Detailed Description
The following description of the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clear and complete, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
A first aspect of the present invention provides a method for manufacturing an optical fiber preform, comprising the steps of:
carrying out deposition treatment on the seed rod, and sequentially forming a core layer, a first inner cladding layer, a second inner cladding layer and a third inner cladding layer on the outer surface of the seed rod to obtain a loose powder body;
sequentially carrying out dehydroxylation treatment and vitrification sintering on the loose powder body to obtain a glass rod;
performing deposition treatment on the glass rod to obtain an optical fiber preform;
wherein the powder density of the first inner cladding, the powder density of the second inner cladding and the powder density of the third inner cladding are sequentially reduced;
the powder density of the first inner cladding, the powder density of the second inner cladding and the powder density of the third inner cladding are all more than 0.21g/cm 3 。
It will be appreciated that the method for manufacturing an optical fiber preform according to the present invention comprises: carrying out deposition treatment on the seed rod, forming a core layer on the outer surface of the seed rod to obtain a core rod, then depositing a first inner cladding layer on the outer surface of the core layer, depositing a second inner cladding layer on the outer surface of the first inner cladding layer, and finally depositing a third inner cladding layer on the outer surface of the second inner cladding layer to obtain a loose powder body which sequentially comprises the seed rod, the core layer, the first inner cladding layer, the second inner cladding layer and the third inner cladding layer from inside to outside; then, carrying out dehydroxylation treatment on the loose powder body to remove water in the loose powder body, and then carrying out vitrification sintering on the loose powder body with water removed, and sintering the loose powder body into a glass rod, wherein fluoride is generally doped in the dehydroxylation treatment and the vitrification sintering, and after the dehydroxylation treatment and the vitrification sintering, the fluoride enters the second inner cladding layer and the third inner cladding layer to enable the second inner cladding layer and the third inner cladding layer to form a fluorine-doped layer, and the fluoride almost does not enter the first inner cladding layer, and the first inner cladding layer forms an optical layer, so that the loose powder body forms the glass rod which sequentially comprises a seed rod, a core layer, an optical layer (the first inner cladding layer), a fluorine-doped layer (the second inner cladding layer and the third inner cladding layer) from inside to outside after the dehydroxylation treatment and the vitrification sintering; and finally, carrying out outer cladding deposition treatment on the glass rod, forming a pure silicon dioxide outer cladding on the outer surface of the glass rod, and then carrying out dehydroxylation treatment and vitrification sintering treatment to obtain the optical fiber preform.
In the present invention, the powder density of the first inner cladding layer, the powder density of the second inner cladding layer, and the powder density of the third inner cladding layer may decrease in an arithmetic progression or may decrease irregularly.
The seed rod is not particularly limited, and seed rods commonly used in the art can be selected, for example, the seed rod can be a graphite rod or a ceramic rod.
The present invention is not limited to the specific manner of deposition, and deposition methods commonly used in the art may be selected, for example, VAD (vapor axial deposition) and/or OVD ((external vapor deposition) may be selected.
The powder density of the first inner cladding, the second inner cladding and the third inner cladding is controlled to be more than 0.21g/cm in the preparation process 3 The light is effectively restrained when the optical fiber is bent, and the bending loss of the optical fiber is prevented from being increased due to light leakage; the preparation method of the invention can also obtain the optical fiber with larger mode field diameter and larger cut-off wavelength, and the optical fiber can realize good butt joint with the G652 optical fiber and meets the transmission requirements of various wave bands. The preparation method of the invention also has the advantages of simple process, low production cost and suitability for wide popularization and application.
It is worth mentioning that the preparation method of the invention is to directly deposit the inner cladding on the outer side of the core rod (seed rod deposited with the core layer), compared with the inner cladding with the low refractive index groove formed by shrinking the outer side of the core rod in the prior art, the optical fiber preform obtained by the preparation method of the invention has no size and interface problems between the core rod and the inner cladding with the low refractive index groove, and is beneficial to prolonging the service life of the optical fiber.
In some embodiments of the invention, the first inner cladding has a powder density of 0.26 to 0.29g/cm 3 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the And/or the number of the groups of groups,
the second inner cladding has a powder density of 0.24-0.27 g/cm 3 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the And/or the number of the groups of groups,
the powder density of the third inner cladding is 0.22-0.25 g/cm 3 。
In the invention, when the powder density of the first inner cladding, the second inner cladding and the third inner cladding meets the range, the low-refractive-index inner cladding with gradient can be better formed on the outer surface of the core layer, and the low-refractive-index inner cladding with gradient can effectively restrict light when the optical fiber is bent, so that the light leakage is avoided, and the bending loss of the optical fiber is increased.
In some embodiments of the invention, a core layer material is deposited on the outer surface of the seed rod, forming a core layer on the outer surface of the seed rod;
wherein, the raw materials of the core layer comprise: silicon tetrachloride, germanium tetrachloride, hydrogen, oxygen and argon;
the flow rate of the silicon tetrachloride is 2-5 g/min, the flow rate of the germanium tetrachloride is 300-500 mg/min, the flow rate of the hydrogen is 7-9L/min, the flow rate of the oxygen is 10-15L/min, and the flow rate of the argon is 5-10L/min; and/or the number of the groups of groups,
in the deposition process of the core layer, the temperature is 800-1000 ℃.
In the invention, germanium tetrachloride can improve the refractive index of the core layer, hydrogen is combustible gas, oxygen is combustion-supporting gas, and argon is inert gas. When the core layer raw material and the temperature in the deposition process of the core layer accord with the range defined by the parameters, the core layer with high refractive index can be efficiently formed on the outer surface of the seed rod under the condition of saving cost, and the transmission efficiency of the optical fiber is improved.
In some embodiments of the invention, a first inner cladding material is deposited on the outer surface of the core layer, forming a first inner cladding layer on the outer surface of the core layer;
wherein, the first inner cladding raw materials include: silicon tetrachloride, hydrogen, oxygen and argon;
the flow of the silicon tetrachloride is 25-30 g/min, the flow of the hydrogen is 90-100L/min, the flow of the oxygen is 45-50L/min, and the flow of the argon is 10-20L/min; and/or the number of the groups of groups,
in the deposition process of the first inner cladding, the temperature is 1300-1400 ℃.
According to the invention, when the temperature of the first inner cladding raw material and the first inner cladding deposition process accords with the parameters, the first inner cladding can be efficiently formed on the outer surface of the core layer, and the preparation efficiency of the optical fiber preform is improved.
In some embodiments of the invention, a second inner cladding material is deposited on the outer surface of the first inner cladding layer, forming a second inner cladding layer on the outer surface of the first inner cladding layer;
wherein the second inner cladding raw material comprises: silicon tetrachloride, hydrogen, oxygen and argon;
the flow of the silicon tetrachloride is 25-30 g/min, the flow of the hydrogen is 85-95L/min, the flow of the oxygen is 40-45L/min, and the flow of the argon is 10-20L/min; and/or the number of the groups of groups,
in the deposition process of the second inner cladding, the temperature is 1250-1350 ℃.
According to the invention, when the temperature of the second inner cladding raw material and the second inner cladding deposition process accords with the parameters, the second inner cladding can be efficiently formed on the outer surface of the first inner cladding, and the preparation efficiency of the optical fiber preform is improved.
In some embodiments of the invention, a third inner cladding material is deposited on the outer surface of the second inner cladding layer, forming a third inner cladding layer on the outer surface of the second inner cladding layer;
wherein the third inner cladding raw material comprises: silicon tetrachloride, hydrogen, oxygen and argon;
the flow of the silicon tetrachloride is 25-30 g/min, the flow of the hydrogen is 80-85L/min, the flow of the oxygen is 35-40L/min, and the flow of the argon is 10-20L/min; and/or the number of the groups of groups,
according to the invention, when the temperature of the raw material of the third inner cladding and the deposition process of the third inner cladding meet the parameters, the third inner cladding can be efficiently formed on the outer surface of the second inner cladding, and the preparation efficiency of the optical fiber preform is improved.
In the invention, the first inner cladding raw material, the second inner cladding raw material and the third inner cladding raw material do not contain fluoride, so that waste gas containing fluoride is not generated in the process of forming the first inner cladding, the second inner cladding and the third inner cladding, the waste gas containing fluoride can be prevented from corroding preparation equipment, and further the influence on preparation processing capacity can be avoided; and because the first inner cladding raw material, the second inner cladding raw material and the third inner cladding raw material do not contain fluoride, fluoride cannot be permeated into the core layer in the deposition process of the first inner cladding, the second inner cladding and the third inner cladding, so that the high refractive index of the core layer is maintained, and the optical fiber has excellent transmission performance.
In some embodiments of the invention, the bulk powder is subjected to a dehydroxylation treatment using a dehydroxylation raw material;
the dehydroxylation raw materials include: chlorine, helium and fluoride;
the flow rate of chlorine is 500-1000 cc/min, the flow rate of helium is 15-25L/min, and the flow rate of fluoride is 200-500 cc/min; and/or the number of the groups of groups,
in the process of the dehydroxylation treatment, the temperature is 1000-1100 ℃ and the pressure is 5-10Pa.
In the present invention, the fluoride can reduce the refractive index of the inner cladding, the present invention is not particularly limited, and fluoride commonly used in the art can be selected, for example, fluoride can be SiF 4 、CF 4 、SF 6 And C 2 F 6 At least one of them.
According to the invention, when the temperature and pressure of the dehydroxylation raw material and the dehydroxylation treatment process meet the parameters, the moisture in the loose powder body can be efficiently removed, the subsequent vitrification sintering is facilitated, the glass rod is efficiently obtained, and the preparation efficiency of the optical fiber preform is improved.
In some embodiments of the invention, the de-hydroxylated loose powder bodies are vitrified and sintered using a vitrification raw material to produce a glass rod;
the vitrification raw materials include: helium and fluoride;
the flow rate of helium is 15-25L/min, and the flow rate of fluoride is 100-500 cc/min; and/or the number of the groups of groups,
in the vitrification sintering process, the temperature is 1350-1500 ℃ and the pressure is 10-15Pa.
According to the invention, when the temperature and pressure of the vitrification raw material and the vitrification sintering process accord with the parameters, the powder loose body with water removed can be vitrified and sintered efficiently to form the glass rod, so that the preparation efficiency of the optical fiber preform is improved.
In the invention, because fluoride is used in the dehydroxylation treatment and the vitrification sintering process, the fluoride can infiltrate into the third inner cladding and the second inner cladding in the dehydroxylation treatment and the vitrification sintering process, and the infiltration amount of the fluoride in the third inner cladding and the second inner cladding is reduced, the refractive index of the third inner cladding is further beneficial to being smaller than that of the second inner cladding, the refractive index of the second inner cladding is further beneficial to being smaller than that of the first inner cladding without fluorine, and the lower refractive index inner cladding with gradient is further beneficial to being formed on the outer surface of the core rod, and the optical fiber can be more effectively restrained when the optical fiber is bent, so that the bending loss of the optical fiber is avoided from being increased by light leakage.
In some embodiments of the invention, the seed rod may be deposited using a deposition apparatus to form a loose powder body, and then the loose powder body may be dehydroxylated and sintered using a sintering apparatus to obtain a glass rod.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a deposition apparatus according to some embodiments of the present invention. As shown in fig. 1, the deposition apparatus of the present invention includes a deposition chamber 2, a core burner 3, a first inner cladding burner 4, a second inner cladding burner 12, and a third inner cladding burner 13; wherein the seed rod 1 is positioned in the deposition chamber 2 and can move up and down relative to the deposition chamber 2, and the deposition chamber 2 is provided with an air outlet 5; the core burner 3, the first inner cladding burner 4, the second inner cladding burner 12 and the third inner cladding burner 13 are all used for performing the deposition process on the seed rod 1.
In a specific embodiment, the seed rod 1 can be installed in the deposition chamber 2, the core layer raw material is introduced into the core layer burner 3, and the core layer raw material is deposited on the outer surface of the seed rod 1 by using the core layer burner 3 at a certain temperature to form a core layer; then, introducing a first inner cladding raw material into the first inner cladding burner 4, and depositing the first inner cladding raw material on the outer surface of the core layer by using the first inner cladding burner 4 at a certain temperature to form a first inner cladding; then, introducing a second inner cladding raw material into the second inner cladding burner 12, and depositing the second inner cladding raw material on the outer surface of the first inner cladding by using the second inner cladding burner 12 at a certain temperature to form a second inner cladding; finally, introducing a third inner cladding raw material into the third inner cladding burner 13, and depositing the third inner cladding raw material on the outer surface of the second inner cladding by using the third inner cladding burner 13 at a certain temperature to form a powder loose body containing the third inner cladding; in each step of deposition, the seed rod 1 is moved up and down relative to the deposition chamber 2 to make each layer deposited more uniform, and exhaust gas generated after the deposition is discharged through the exhaust port 5.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a sintering apparatus according to some embodiments of the present invention. As shown in fig. 2, the deposition apparatus of the present invention includes a glass tube 7, a heating body 8, and a pressure controller 9; wherein the powder loosening body 6 is positioned in the glass tube 7 and can move up and down relative to the glass tube 7, an air inlet 11 is arranged below the glass tube 7, and an air outlet 10 is arranged above the glass tube 7; the heating body 8 is used for heating the glass tube 7, and the pressure controller 9 is used for controlling the pressure inside the glass tube 7.
In a specific embodiment, the temperature of the heating body 8 is increased to a specific value, the powder loose body 6 is inserted into the glass tube 7, the dehydroxylation raw material is introduced into the glass tube 7 through the air inlet 11, the powder loose body 6 moves up and down through the heating body 8 to perform the dehydroxylation treatment, and the waste gas generated by the dehydroxylation treatment is discharged through the air outlet 10; then the temperature of the heating body 8 is increased to a specific value, vitrification sintering raw materials are introduced into the glass tube 7 through the air inlet 11, the powder loose body 6 subjected to the dehydroxylation treatment moves up and down to pass through the heating body 8 for vitrification sintering, a glass rod is obtained, and waste gas generated by vitrification sintering is discharged through the air outlet 10; wherein the pressure controller 9 is used to control the pressure in the glass tube 7 during both the dehydroxylation process and the vitrification sintering process.
The second aspect of the present invention provides an optical fiber preform, which is prepared according to the preparation method of the optical fiber preform.
In some embodiments, in the optical fiber preform prepared by the preparation method of the present invention, the length of the optical fiber preform is 1500-2000 mm, the outer diameter of the preform is 140-160 mm, the radius of the drawn optical fiber core layer is 3.5-4.5 μm, the radius of the first inner cladding layer is 7-11.5 μm, the radius of the second inner cladding layer is 9-13 μm, and the radius of the third inner cladding layer is half of that of the third inner cladding layerThe diameter is 12.5-17.5 mu m, and the outer diameter of the outer cladding is 62.5 mu m; the relative refractive index of the core layer is Δn1=0.35-0.42%, the relative refractive index of the first inner cladding layer is Δn2= -0.03-0.1%, the relative refractive index of the fluorine doped layer (the second inner cladding layer and the third inner cladding layer) is Δn3= -0.15-0.30%, wherein the relative refractive index is Δn i ＝n i -n 0 ，n i For the refractive index of each layer, n 0 Refractive index of pure silica glass.
The optical fiber preform is prepared according to the preparation method of the optical fiber preform, can be used for preparing the optical fiber which has excellent bending resistance and service life, can be well abutted with the G652 optical fiber and meets the transmission requirements of various wave bands, and has the advantages of simple preparation process and low production cost.
A third aspect of the present invention provides an optical fiber drawn from the optical fiber preform described above.
In the invention, the optical fiber preform is stretched to a target size, and the optical fiber is obtained.
In some embodiments, the performance index of the resulting optical fiber after stretching the optical fiber preform is: attenuation at 1310nm is lower than 0.335dB/km, attenuation at 1383nm is lower than 0.285dB/km, attenuation at 1550nm is lower than 0.185dB/km, cable wavelength is lower than 1260nm, zero dispersion wavelength is 1305-1324 nm, and Mode Field Diameter (MFD) is 8.45-9.0 um. Therefore, the optical fiber disclosed by the invention has excellent bending resistance and service life, can be well abutted with the G652 optical fiber and meets the transmission requirements of various wave bands, and is simple in preparation process and low in production cost.
The invention will be further described with reference to specific examples, but the scope of the invention is not limited thereto.
Example 1
The preparation method of the optical fiber of the embodiment comprises the following steps:
1) Carrying out deposition treatment on the seed rod by using deposition equipment shown in fig. 1, and sequentially forming a core layer, a first inner cladding layer, a second inner cladding layer and a third inner cladding layer on the outer surface of the seed rod to obtain a loose powder body;
wherein, in the deposition process of the core layer, the temperature is 850 ℃, and the core layer raw materials comprise: silicon tetrachloride, germanium tetrachloride, hydrogen, oxygen and argon, wherein the flow rate of the silicon tetrachloride is 4g/min, the flow rate of the germanium tetrachloride is 330mg/min, the flow rate of the hydrogen is 8.5L/min, the flow rate of the oxygen is 15L/min, and the flow rate of the argon is 8L/min;
in the deposition process of the first inner cladding, the temperature is 1400 ℃, and the first inner cladding raw materials comprise: the method comprises the steps of silicon tetrachloride, hydrogen, oxygen and argon, wherein the flow of the silicon tetrachloride is 25g/min, the flow of the hydrogen is 100L/min, the flow of the oxygen is 50L/min, and the flow of the argon is 15L/min;
in the deposition process of the second inner cladding, the temperature is 1300 ℃, and the first inner cladding raw materials comprise: silicon tetrachloride, hydrogen, oxygen and argon, wherein the flow of the silicon tetrachloride is 25g/min, the flow of the hydrogen is 90L/min, the flow of the oxygen is 45L/min, and the flow of the argon is 15L/min;
in the deposition process of the third inner cladding, the temperature is 1250 ℃, and the first inner cladding raw materials comprise: the method comprises the steps of silicon tetrachloride, hydrogen, oxygen and argon, wherein the flow of the silicon tetrachloride is 25g/min, the flow of the hydrogen is 80L/min, the flow of the oxygen is 40L/min, and the flow of the argon is 15L/min.
2) Carrying out dehydroxylation treatment and vitrification sintering on the loose powder body by using sintering equipment shown in fig. 2 to obtain a glass rod;
wherein, in the process of the dehydroxylation treatment, the temperature is 1100 ℃, the pressure is 10Pa, and the dehydroxylation raw materials comprise: chlorine, helium and SiF 4 ；
The flow rate of chlorine is 500cc/min, the flow rate of helium is 20L/min, siF 4 Is 500cc/min;
in the vitrification sintering process, the temperature is 1450 ℃, the pressure is 15Pa, and the vitrification raw materials comprise: helium and SiF 4 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Helium flow of 20L/min and SiF 4 Is 500cc/min.
3) Extending the glass rod to make the outer diameter of the glass rod 40-50 mm, testing the PK2600 to confirm the refractive index profile structure, and designing the outer cladding size;
4) According to the size of the outer cladding, depositing silicon dioxide powder on the outer surface of the extended glass rod to form the outer cladding, and then performing dehydroxylation vitrification on the glass rod provided with the outer cladding to obtain an optical fiber preform;
wherein, the length of the optical fiber preform is 1500mm, and the outer diameter is 150mm;
5) And drawing the optical fiber preform to obtain the optical fiber.
Example 2
The optical fiber of this example was prepared in substantially the same manner as in example 1, except that:
in the step 1), in the deposition process of the core layer, the flow rate of silicon tetrachloride is 4.1g/min, and the flow rate of germanium tetrachloride is 340mg/min;
in the deposition process of the third inner cladding, the flow rate of the silicon tetrachloride is 28g/min.
In the step 2), the temperature is 1050 ℃, the pressure is 8Pa, and the SiF is used in the process of the dehydroxylation treatment 4 Is 300cc/min;
in the vitrification sintering process, the temperature is 1400 ℃, the pressure is 12Pa, and the SiF is 4 Is 400cc/min.
Example 3
The optical fiber of this example was prepared in substantially the same manner as in example 1, except that:
in the step 1), during the deposition process of the core layer, the flow rate of silicon tetrachloride is 4.5g/min, the flow rate of germanium tetrachloride is 380mg/min, the flow rate of hydrogen is 8.8L/min, and the flow rate of oxygen is 16L/min;
in the deposition process of the second inner cladding, the flow rate of silicon tetrachloride is 28g/min, and the flow rate of hydrogen is 92L/min;
in the deposition process of the third inner cladding, the flow rate of silicon tetrachloride is 30g/min, and the flow rate of hydrogen is 82L/min.
In the step 2), the temperature is 1010 ℃ and the pressure is 5Pa during the dehydroxylation treatment, and SiF 4 Is 200cc/min;
in the vitrification sintering process, the temperature is 1350 DEGAt a temperature of 10Pa, under a pressure of SiF 4 Is 250cc/min.
Comparative example 1
The preparation method of the optical fiber of the comparative example comprises the following steps:
1) Depositing a core layer raw material on the outer surface of a seed rod by a VAD method, and forming a core layer and a first cladding layer on the outer surface of the seed rod to obtain a core rod;
wherein, in the deposition process of the core layer, the temperature is 850 ℃, and the core layer raw materials comprise: silicon tetrachloride, germanium tetrachloride, hydrogen, oxygen and argon, wherein the flow rate of the silicon tetrachloride is 3.5g/min, the flow rate of the germanium tetrachloride is 350mg/min, the flow rate of the hydrogen is 7.5L/min, the flow rate of the oxygen is 15L/min, and the flow rate of the argon is 8L/min;
in the deposition process of the first cladding, the temperature is 1300 ℃, and the cladding raw materials comprise: silicon tetrachloride, silicon tetrafluoride, hydrogen, oxygen and argon, the flow of silicon tetrachloride is 25g/min, the flow of silicon tetrafluoride is 500cc/min, the flow of hydrogen is 70L/min, the flow of oxygen is 30L/min, and the flow of argon is 15L/min.
2) Setting the OVD deposition size according to the required size of the fluorine-doped quartz sleeve to obtain a fluorine-doped loose body, then introducing 300-1000 cc/min of silicon tetrafluoride according to the refractive index requirement of delta n3 in the dehydroxylation and vitrification to obtain a corresponding fluorine-doped quartz glass rod, and carrying out hole digging, honing and polishing treatment on the fluorine-doped quartz glass rod to form a transparent fluorine-doped quartz sleeve;
respectively processing and extending the core rod obtained in the step 1) and the fluorine-doped quartz sleeve obtained in the step 2) to a certain size, then carrying out corrosion pickling, and then carrying out melt shrinking treatment to obtain a melt shrinking rod;
wherein, the shrinking process is to burn the fluorine doped quartz sleeve and the core rod by hydrogen and oxygen and shrink the fluorine doped quartz sleeve and the core rod on the core rod; and (3) a fusion shrinking process: the core rod is plugged into a fluorine-doped quartz sleeve, one side of the fluorine-doped quartz sleeve is vacuumized, the flame of a spray gun burns the fluorine-doped quartz sleeve from the other side, so that the fluorine-doped quartz sleeve is fused and contracted on the core rod, the hydrogen flow is 150L/min, the oxygen flow is 300L/min, and the moving speed of the spray gun is 5-15 mm/min.
4) Extending the shrinking rod to make the outer diameter of the shrinking rod be 30-50 mm, testing and confirming the refractive index profile structure by PK2600, and designing the outer cladding size;
5) According to the size of the outer cladding, depositing silicon dioxide powder on the outer surface of the extended shrinking rod to form the outer cladding, and then performing dehydroxylation vitrification on the shrinking rod provided with the outer cladding to obtain an optical fiber preform;
wherein, the length of the optical fiber preform is 1500mm, and the outer diameter is 150mm;
6) And drawing the optical fiber preform to obtain the optical fiber.
Performance testing
1. Powder density of layers of loose powder
The soot density ρ of soot loose inner cladding layers (including the first inner cladding layer, the second inner cladding layer, and the third inner cladding layer) of examples 1 to 3 (including the soot density ρ1 of the first inner cladding layer, the soot density ρ2 of the second inner cladding layer, and the soot density ρ3 of the third inner cladding layer), respectively, were tested, and the test results are shown in table 1,
the powder density is calculated from the weight of the raw material deposited in each layer and the volume of each layer.
2. Relative refractive index and outer diameter of each layer of optical fiber
The core layer Ra, the optical layer (first inner cladding) outer diameter Rb, and the fluorine-doped layer (second inner cladding and third inner cladding) outer diameter Rc of the optical fibers of examples 1 to 3 and comparative example, respectively, were tested, and the core layer relative refractive index Δn of the optical fibers was measured 1 Optical layer (first inner cladding) relative refractive index Deltan 2 Fluorine doped layer (second inner cladding layer) and third inner cladding layer relative refractive index delta n 3 The test results are shown in Table 2,
the refractive index profile was obtained using a PK2600 test meter, and then calculated to obtain the layer dimensions and refractive index.
3. Transmission performance
The optical fibers of examples 1-3 and comparative examples were tested for signal attenuation at different wavelengths and the test results are shown in Table 3, with the test methods referring to the attenuation coefficients of the transmission performance measurement methods in GB/T15972.40-2008.
4. Cable wavelength and mode field diameter
The optical fibers of examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples were tested for cable wavelength and mode field diameter, respectively, and the test results are shown in Table 3, and the test method was referred to the cutoff wavelength of the transmission performance measurement method in GB/T15972.44-2017 and the mode field diameter in GB/T15972.45-2008
5. Bending loss
The optical fibers of examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples were wound ten times with a winding diameter of 15mm, and macrobend of the optical fibers was tested, and the test results are shown in Table 3, and the test method was referred to macrobend loss by the transmission performance measurement method in GB/T15972.47-2008.
TABLE 1
TABLE 2
As can be seen from table 2, the preparation method of the optical fiber preform according to the embodiment of the present invention can form the low refractive index inner cladding layer with a gradient decreasing outside the core layer.
TABLE 3 Table 3
As can be seen from Table 3, the optical fiber prepared by the embodiment of the invention has excellent bending resistance, transmission performance and service life, can realize good butt joint with the G652 optical fiber and meets the transmission requirements of various wave bands, and has simple preparation process and low production cost.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and not for limiting the same; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some or all of the technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit of the invention.
Claims (3)
1. A method for preparing an optical fiber preform, comprising the steps of:
carrying out deposition treatment on the seed rod, and sequentially forming a core layer, a first inner cladding layer, a second inner cladding layer and a third inner cladding layer on the outer surface of the seed rod to obtain a loose powder body;
sequentially carrying out dehydroxylation treatment and vitrification sintering on the loose powder body to obtain a glass rod;
performing deposition treatment on the glass rod to obtain the optical fiber preform;
wherein the soot density of the first inner cladding, the soot density of the second inner cladding, and the soot density of the third inner cladding decrease in order;
the powder density of the first inner cladding is 0.26-0.29 g/cm 3 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The powder density of the second inner cladding is 0.24-0.27 g/cm 3 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The powder density of the third inner cladding is 0.22-0.25 g/cm 3 ；
Depositing a core layer raw material on the outer surface of the seed rod, and forming the core layer on the outer surface of the seed rod; depositing a first inner cladding raw material on the outer surface of the core layer, and forming the first inner cladding on the outer surface of the core layer; depositing a second inner cladding raw material on the outer surface of the first inner cladding, and forming the second inner cladding on the outer surface of the first inner cladding; depositing a third inner cladding raw material on the outer surface of the second inner cladding, and forming the third inner cladding on the outer surface of the second inner cladding; carrying out dehydroxylation treatment on the loose powder body by using a dehydroxylation raw material; carrying out vitrification sintering on the powder loose body subjected to the dehydroxylation treatment by using a vitrification raw material to obtain the glass rod;
the core layer raw materials comprise: silicon tetrachloride, germanium tetrachloride, hydrogen, oxygen and argon; the first inner cladding raw material, the second inner cladding raw material, and the third inner cladding raw material each include: silicon tetrachloride, hydrogen, oxygen and argon; the dehydroxylation raw material comprises: chlorine, helium and fluoride; the vitrification raw materials include: helium and fluoride;
in the deposition process of the core layer, the flow rate of the silicon tetrachloride is 2-5 g/min, the flow rate of the germanium tetrachloride is 300-500 mg/min, the flow rate of the hydrogen is 7-9L/min, the flow rate of the oxygen is 10-15L/min, the flow rate of the argon is 5-10L/min, and the temperature is 800-1000 ℃;
in the deposition process of the first inner cladding, the flow rate of the silicon tetrachloride is 25-30 g/min, the flow rate of the hydrogen is 90-100L/min, the flow rate of the oxygen is 45-50L/min, the flow rate of the argon is 10-20L/min, and the temperature is 1300-1400 ℃;
in the deposition process of the second inner cladding, the flow rate of the silicon tetrachloride is 25-30 g/min, the flow rate of the hydrogen is 85-95L/min, the flow rate of the oxygen is 40-45L/min, the flow rate of the argon is 10-20L/min, and the temperature is 1250-1350 ℃;
in the deposition process of the third inner cladding, the flow rate of the silicon tetrachloride is 25-30 g/min, the flow rate of the hydrogen is 80-85L/min, the flow rate of the oxygen is 35-40L/min, the flow rate of the argon is 10-20L/min, and the temperature is 1250-1350 ℃;
the flow rate of the chlorine is 500-1000 cc/min, the flow rate of the helium is 15-25L/min, the flow rate of the fluoride is 200-500 cc/min, and the temperature is 1000-1100 ℃ and the pressure is 5-10Pa in the process of the dehydroxylation;
in the vitrification sintering process, the flow rate of helium is 15-25L/min, the flow rate of fluoride is 100-500 cc/min, the temperature is 1350-1500 ℃, and the pressure is 10-15Pa.
2. An optical fiber preform, characterized in that the optical fiber preform is produced according to the method for producing an optical fiber preform according to claim 1.
3. An optical fiber, characterized in that the optical fiber is drawn from the optical fiber preform of claim 2.
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