CN115007921A - Method for improving efficiency of rough machining of inner hole and outer circle surface of large-sized cone - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a method for improving efficiency of rough machining of the surfaces of an inner hole and an outer circle of a large-sized cone, which comprises an inner support ring, wherein a support locking mechanism matched with a central hole of a cylinder sleeve is arranged on the outer circumference of the inner support ring; the top end of the inner support ring is fixed with an arc-shaped guide plate through a vertical plate; the arc top end of the arc guide plate is matched with the arc inner wall of the reinforcing back ring to be assembled; the reinforced back ring is characterized by further comprising a ring sleeve for hoisting the reinforced back ring, the ring sleeve is of an open structure, connecting lugs are formed by bending the open structure, and hoisting holes are formed in the connecting lugs. The method solves the problems of rework and potential safety hazard caused by the adoption of a vertical installation mode between the cylinder sleeve and the reinforcing back ring, greatly shortens the installation time, refuses the repeated construction period, achieves the purpose and effect of greatly improving the production efficiency and safety, and can be popularized to the mode improvement of general large-scale vertical installation.

Description

Method for improving efficiency of rough machining of inner hole and outer circle surface of large-sized cone

Technical Field

The invention relates to a method for improving efficiency of rough machining of the surfaces of an inner hole and an outer circle of a large-sized cone, belonging to the technical field of cone machining.

Background

The cylinder-type workpiece rough machining mode is that workpieces are generally integrated, assembled and placed on a vertical lathe to perform rough machining on the surfaces of an inner hole and an outer circle, and the rotating workbench of the vertical lathe ensures control over coaxiality of the inner hole and the surface of the outer circle in the machining process. In actual production, the shape and size of the workpiece vary greatly, and especially when the workpiece is too large in size and the shape of the workpiece is not a cylindrical workpiece, such rough machining methods cannot be effectively applied. Meanwhile, the efficiency of the machining process is low by adopting the rough machining mode, the operation period is long, the placing position of the part needs to be limited, namely the rotation center of the part and the center of the rotary worktable need to be adjusted concentrically, the operation process is complex, and large parts weighing several tons or even tens of tons are difficult to adjust to meet the machining requirements in the production process of large parts.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to optimize the surface rough machining technology of the inner hole and the outer circle of the existing conical cylinder workpiece, cancel the traditional vertical lathe machining operation mode of the traditional cylinder upper and lower half assembly integration, and carry out hobbing on the upper and lower semi-conical surfaces of the workpiece by adopting a gantry milling numerical control lathe loaded with a hobbing cutter. The part position placing process is easier, the workpiece types in different shapes can be processed, the surface rough machining time is greatly reduced, and the machining efficiency of a rough machining link is improved.

In order to achieve the technical features, the invention is realized as follows: a method for improving efficiency of rough machining of the surfaces of an inner hole and an outer circle of a large-sized cone cylinder comprises the following steps:

step 1: compiling a part processing program according to the main program module and storing the part processing program in the machine tool;

and 2, step: the part is split into an upper half workbench and a lower half workbench at any positions, so that the half surface of the workpiece is horizontally parallel to the workbench;

and step 3: calculating the radius change range of the hobbing and the hobbing frequency of the cutter according to different taper sections of the taper cylinder and the effective machining size of the hobbing cutter;

and 4, step 4: and calling a part processing program, and processing a part finished product according to the program.

In the step 1, the machine tool adopts a gantry milling numerical control lathe, and a tapered cylinder gantry milling and hobbing motion model is established:

the hobbing cutter disc automatically calculates the hobbing radius according to the taper of the conical cylinder through a motion model, and the hobbing cutter disc is ensured to make semicircular arc motion along the inner hole surface or the outer surface of the conical cylinder; and meanwhile, the times of the hobbing in the same taper section are calculated by utilizing the taper size and the effective processing length of the hobbing cutter disk, so that the hobbing of the multi-section taper combined taper cylinder workpiece is realized.

The design process of the main program module in the step 1 is as follows:

step 1.1, setting a machining reference of a machine tool;

step 1.2, inputting parameters of a taper hole machining starting point and a machining end point;

inputting machining parameters of a hobbing cutter disc;

step 1.3, calculating the machining times of the hobbing theory;

step 1.4, judging whether the theoretical processing times in the step 1.3 are integers or not, and rounding the integers;

step 1.5, calculating the theoretical cutting amount of each cutter;

step 1.6, calculating the hobbing radius of each cutter;

step 1.7, judging whether all processing times are finished; if so, ending, otherwise, returning to the step 1.2 after assignment to input parameters of the taper hole machining starting point and the machining end point.

The specific parameter setting process in the step 1 is as follows:

dividing the cone cylinder to be processed into a plurality of sections according to the taper, selecting taper hole sections with the same taper, taking two ends A, B of the same taper section as a processing starting point and a processing end point, and moving the hobbing cutter disc along the section AB; determining the machining width of the selected tool as R ₄ The longitudinal coordinate of the starting point of the taper hole is R ₀ B, the longitudinal coordinate of the taper hole processing end point is R ₁ D, thereby determining a tool hobbing distance range of R ₃ ＝R ₀ -R ₁ (ii) a Obtaining rough machining times R through machining distance and machining width of cutter ₅ ＝R ₃ /R ₄ But the result of the calculation may not be an integer, for R ₅ Performing rounding treatment, and performing final processing times R ₆ Adding one to the integer value, and calculating the final downward offset distance of the cutter in the machining process as R ₇ ＝R ₃ /R ₆ Utilizing the radius variation range of the tool hobbing to be in the radius R of the processing starting point ₈ And the machining end point radius R ₉ In the method, the offset value of each hobbing coordinate of the cutter is calculated by the following formula R ₁₀ For each offset of the hobbing radius, the positioning transverse offset coordinate of the starting point of the next hobbing is R ₁₁ Longitudinally offset by the coordinate R ₁₀ ＝R ₀ -R ₇ ：

The program operation times reach R ₆ The time is the end point of the program operation.

The design process of the parameter input protection module comprises the following steps:

because the processing starting point and the processing end point are set by an operator, in order to prevent unnecessary harm caused by artificial input deviation, an input protection module is established in a program segment, whether the hobbing radius and the processing distance are in a specified range is judged, and whether the hobbing is stopped or not is judged, and the hobbing enters a dead cycle.

Based on siemens 840D numerical control system development, program parameter input protection module key code segments are as follows:

IF R100> is 200GOTOF POS _930, judging whether the radius of the input tool is safe or not;

POS_823:MSG("DAO JU BAN JING BU DUI")；

GOTOB POS _823 enters a dead loop;

POS_930:

IF 0< (R0-R1) < ═ R2 gotod POS _1 judges whether the machining is within the taper range;

GOTOB POS _823 enters a dead loop;

POS_1:。

the invention has the following beneficial effects:

through the practical application of the invention, the limitation of the placement position of the part on the workbench is removed, and the part at any position only needs to ensure that the half surface is horizontally parallel to the workbench. The size limitation to large-sized workpieces is solved, and the machining method can utilize the programming advantage of a numerical control machine tool to enable the shapes of machined parts to be more diversified. Meanwhile, the processing period of the product is greatly shortened, and the production efficiency of the rough machining link is improved.

Drawings

The invention is further illustrated by the following figures and examples.

Fig. 1 is a front view of a cone to be processed in the present invention.

FIG. 2 shows the rough milling principle of the gantry milling machine of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a flow chart of the programming of the present invention.

Detailed Description

Embodiments of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Example 1:

referring to fig. 1-3, a method for improving efficiency of rough machining of inner holes and outer circle surfaces of large-scale conical cylinders comprises the following steps:

step 1: compiling a part processing program according to the main program module and storing the part processing program in the machine tool;

step 2: the part is split into an upper half workbench and a lower half workbench at any positions, so that the half surface of the workpiece is horizontally parallel to the workbench;

and 3, step 3: calculating the radius change range of the hobbing and the hobbing frequency of the cutter according to different taper sections of the taper cylinder and the effective machining size of the hobbing cutter;

and 4, step 4: and calling a part processing program, and processing a part finished product according to the program.

Example 2:

in the step 1, the machine tool adopts a gantry milling numerical control lathe, and a tapered cylinder gantry milling hobbing motion model is established:

the hobbing cutter disc automatically calculates the hobbing radius according to the taper of the conical cylinder through a motion model, and the hobbing cutter disc is ensured to make semicircular arc motion along the inner hole surface or the outer surface of the conical cylinder; and meanwhile, the times of the hobbing in the same taper section are calculated by utilizing the taper size and the effective processing length of the hobbing cutter disk, so that the hobbing of the multi-section taper combined taper cylinder workpiece is realized.

Example 3:

the design process of the main program module in the step 1 is as follows:

step 1.1, setting a machining reference of a machine tool;

step 1.2, inputting parameters of a taper hole machining starting point and a machining end point;

inputting machining parameters of a hobbing cutter disc;

step 1.3, calculating the machining times of the hobbing theory;

step 1.4, judging whether the theoretical processing times in the step 1.3 are integers or not, and rounding the integers;

step 1.5, calculating the theoretical cutting amount of each cutter;

step 1.6, calculating the hobbing radius of each cutter;

step 1.7, judging whether all processing times are finished; if so, ending, otherwise, returning to the step 1.2 after assignment to input parameters of the taper hole machining starting point and the machining end point.

Example 4:

the specific parameter setting process in the step 1 is as follows:

taking the machining of the conical hole of the third segment as an example, as shown in fig. 1 and 2. The hobbing cutter disc moves along the section AB, and the two points A, B are a machining starting point and a machining end point. Dividing the cone cylinder to be processed into a plurality of sections according to the taper, selecting taper hole sections with the same taper, taking two ends A, B of the same taper section as a processing starting point and a processing end point, and moving the hobbing cutter disc along the section AB; determining the machining width of the selected tool as R ₄ The longitudinal coordinate of the starting point of the taper hole is R ₀ B, the longitudinal coordinate of the taper hole processing end point is R ₁ D, thereby determining a tool hobbing distance range of R ₃ ＝R ₀ -R ₁ (ii) a Obtaining rough machining times R through machining distance and machining width of cutter ₅ ＝R ₃ /R ₄ But the result of the calculation may not be an integer, for R ₅ Performing rounding treatment, and performing final processing times R ₆ Adding one to the integer value, and calculating the final downward offset distance of the cutter in the machining process as R ₇ ＝R ₃ /R ₆ Utilizing the radius variation range of the tool hobbing to be in the radius R of the processing starting point ₈ And half of the processing end pointDiameter R ₉ In the method, the offset value of each hobbing coordinate of the cutter is calculated by the following formula R ₁₀ For each offset of the hobbing radius, the positioning transverse offset coordinate of the starting point of the next hobbing is R ₁₁ Longitudinally offset by the coordinate R ₁₀ ＝R ₀ -R ₇ ：

The program running times reach R ₆ The time is the end point of the program operation.

Example 5:

the design process of the parameter input protection module comprises the following steps:

because the processing starting point and the processing end point are set by an operator, in order to prevent unnecessary harm caused by artificial input deviation, an input protection module is established in a program segment, whether the hobbing radius and the processing distance are in a specified range is judged, and whether the hobbing is stopped or not is judged, and the hobbing enters a dead cycle.

Based on siemens 840D numerical control system development, program parameter input protection module key code segments are as follows:

IF R100> -200 gottof POS _930, determining whether the input tool radius is safe;

POS_823:MSG("DAO JU BAN JING BU DUI")；

GOTOB POS _823 enters a dead loop;

POS_930:

IF 0< (R0-R1) < ═ R2 gotod POS _1 judges whether the machining is within the taper range;

GOTOB POS _823 enters a dead loop;

POS_1:。

Claims (6)

1. a method for improving efficiency of rough machining of the surfaces of an inner hole and an outer circle of a large-sized cone cylinder is characterized by comprising the following steps:

step 1: compiling a part processing program according to the main program module and storing the part processing program in a machine tool;

step 2: the part is split into an upper half workbench and a lower half workbench at any positions, so that the half surface of the workpiece is horizontally parallel to the workbench;

and step 3: calculating the radius change range of the hobbing and the hobbing frequency of the cutter according to different taper sections of the taper cylinder and the effective machining size of the hobbing cutter;

and 4, step 4: and calling a part processing program, and processing a part finished product according to the program.

2. The method for improving the efficiency of the rough machining of the surface of the inner hole and the outer circle of the large-sized conical cylinder according to claim 1, wherein the machine tool in the step 1 adopts a gantry milling numerical control lathe, and the conical cylinder gantry milling and hobbing motion model is established by:

the hobbing cutter disc automatically calculates the hobbing radius according to the taper of the conical cylinder through a motion model, and the hobbing cutter disc is ensured to make semicircular arc motion along the inner hole surface or the outer surface of the conical cylinder; and meanwhile, the times of the hobbing in the same taper section are calculated by utilizing the taper size and the effective processing length of the hobbing cutter disk, so that the hobbing of the multi-section taper combined taper cylinder workpiece is realized.

3. The method for improving the rough machining efficiency of the inner hole and the outer circle surface of the large-sized cone cylinder according to claim 1, wherein the design process of the main program module in the step 1 is as follows:

step 1.1, setting a machining reference of a machine tool;

step 1.2, inputting parameters of a taper hole machining starting point and a machining end point;

inputting machining parameters of a hobbing cutter disc;

step 1.3, calculating the machining times of the hobbing theory;

step 1.4, judging whether the theoretical processing times in the step 1.3 are integers or not, and rounding the integers;

step 1.5, calculating the theoretical cutting amount of each cutter;

step 1.6, calculating the hobbing radius of each cutter;

step 1.7, judging whether all processing times are finished; if so, ending, otherwise, returning to the step 1.2 after assignment to input parameters of the taper hole machining starting point and the machining end point.

4. The method for improving the efficiency of the rough machining of the inner hole and the outer circle surface of the large-sized cone cylinder according to claim 3, wherein the specific parameter setting process in the step 1 is as follows:

dividing the cone cylinder to be processed into a plurality of sections according to the taper, selecting taper hole sections with the same taper, taking two ends A, B of the same taper section as a processing starting point and a processing end point, and moving the hobbing cutter disc along the section AB; determining the machining width of the selected tool as R ₄ The longitudinal coordinate of the starting point of the taper hole is R ₀ B, the longitudinal coordinate of the taper hole processing end point is R ₁ D, thereby determining a tool hobbing distance range of R ₃ ＝R ₀ -R ₁ (ii) a Obtaining rough machining times R through machining distance and machining width of cutter ₅ ＝R ₃ /R ₄ But the result of the calculation may not be an integer, for R ₅ Performing rounding treatment, and performing final processing times R ₆ Adding one to the integer value, and calculating the final downward offset distance of the cutter in the machining process as R ₇ ＝R ₃ /R ₆ Utilizing the radius variation range of the tool hobbing to be in the radius R of the processing starting point ₈ And the machining end point radius R ₉ In the method, the offset value of each hobbing coordinate of the cutter is calculated by the following formula R ₁₀ For each offset of the hobbing radius, the positioning transverse offset coordinate of the starting point of the next hobbing is R ₁₁ Longitudinally offset by the coordinate R ₁₀ ＝R ₀ -R ₇ ：

The program operation times reach R ₆ The time is the end point of the program operation.

5. The method for improving the efficiency of the rough machining of the inner hole and the outer circle surface of the large-sized cone cylinder according to claim 1, wherein the design process of a parameter input protection module comprises the following steps:

because the processing starting point and the processing end point are set by an operator, in order to prevent unnecessary harm caused by artificial input deviation, an input protection module is established in a program segment, whether the hobbing radius and the processing distance are in a specified range is judged, and whether the hobbing is stopped or not is judged, and the hobbing enters a dead cycle.

6. The method for roughing and improving the efficiency of the surface of the inner hole and the outer circle of the large-sized cone cylinder according to claim 5, wherein based on Siemens 840D numerical control system development, key code segments of a program parameter input protection module are as follows:

IF R100> -200 gottof POS _930, determining whether the input tool radius is safe;

POS_823:MSG("DAO JU BAN JING BU DUI")；

GOTOB POS _823 enters a dead loop;

POS_930:

IF 0< (R0-R1) < ═ R2 gotod POS _1 judges whether the machining is within the taper range;

GOTOB POS _823 enters a dead loop;

POS_1:。

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