CN115007063A - Biomass fuel preparation system and technology - Google Patents
Biomass fuel preparation system and technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN115007063A CN115007063A CN202210702286.2A CN202210702286A CN115007063A CN 115007063 A CN115007063 A CN 115007063A CN 202210702286 A CN202210702286 A CN 202210702286A CN 115007063 A CN115007063 A CN 115007063A
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- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 101
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 title description 4
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001223 reverse osmosis Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000017060 Arachis glabrata Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000010777 Arachis hypogaea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000018262 Arachis monticola Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000020232 peanut Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 241001553178 Arachis glabrata Species 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 244000105624 Arachis hypogaea Species 0.000 description 3
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010882 bottom ash Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002803 fossil fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 2
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- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2/00—Processes or devices for granulating materials, e.g. fertilisers in general; Rendering particulate materials free flowing in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L5/00—Solid fuels
- C10L5/40—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin
- C10L5/44—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin on vegetable substances
- C10L5/442—Wood or forestry waste
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L5/00—Solid fuels
- C10L5/40—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin
- C10L5/44—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin on vegetable substances
- C10L5/445—Agricultural waste, e.g. corn crops, grass clippings, nut shells or oil pressing residues
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L9/00—Treating solid fuels to improve their combustion
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L9/00—Treating solid fuels to improve their combustion
- C10L9/08—Treating solid fuels to improve their combustion by heat treatments, e.g. calcining
- C10L9/086—Hydrothermal carbonization
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
- Y02P20/133—Renewable energy sources, e.g. sunlight
Abstract
The invention provides a biomass fuel preparation system which comprises a pretreatment device, a hydrothermal carbonization reactor, a solid-liquid separator, a post-treatment device and a hot gas source device which are sequentially connected, wherein a circulating supply device is also arranged between the hydrothermal carbonization reactor and the solid-liquid separator, and the front end of the hydrothermal carbonization reactor is also provided with a spiral feeder. The biomass raw material is sequentially treated by a crusher, a cyclone separator, a dust removal device, a hydrothermal carbonization reactor, a solid-liquid separator and a post-treatment device to finally form biomass particles for fuel. The biomass particles prepared by the system have larger specific surface area, which is beneficial to improving the reaction efficiency; a spiral stirrer and an aeration device are arranged in the hydrothermal carbonization reactor, so that the particles are more fully mixed with hot water and hot gas; the solid-liquid separator can realize solid-liquid separation and drying treatment, reduce the drying pressure of post-treatment, and has lower water content and higher heat value of the product.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of biomass energy, in particular to a biomass fuel preparation system and a biomass fuel preparation process.
Background
Energy supply is an important material guarantee for social progress and economic growth. The increasing consumption of fossil fuels and their non-renewable nature, on the one hand, create severe energy shortage problems and, on the other hand, bring about serious environmental pollution and climate change problems, which threaten the development of society and human survival.
The wind energy and solar energy power generation technology in China develops very fast, but wind energy and photovoltaic are limited by poor stability of natural resources, have certain negative influence on load stability of a power grid, can only be used as intermittent low-carbon energy, and hydropower and nuclear power are influenced by hydraulic resources and nuclear safety factors, so that the development space is limited. Years of groping and practice of foreign coal-fired power plants prove that the adoption of biomass solid granular fuel to replace coal is the most reliable scheme for clean upgrading and reconstruction of coal-electricity carbon reduction and the scheme with the highest biomass energy utilization efficiency.
Compared with fossil fuel, biomass has the characteristics of high moisture content, low energy density, hydrophilic property, toughness and difficult grinding of plant fibers, and the inherent characteristics of the biomass raw materials greatly limit the large-scale use of the biomass fuel. High moisture in biomass reduces process efficiency and increases fuel production costs. At the same time, the high moisture content leads to natural decomposition, which results in mass loss and storage difficulties of the biomass fuel, and in addition, the high moisture content also leads to uncertainties in the physical, chemical and microbiological properties of the biomass. To overcome these challenges and make biomass suitable for energy-producing large-scale applications, the raw materials must be pretreated.
In view of the above, there is a need to improve the biomass fuel preparation technology in the prior art to solve the above problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to disclose a biomass fuel preparation system, which can crush and refine biomass during pretreatment, and then perform hydrothermal carbonization reaction, and perform drying treatment twice by a solid-liquid separator and a post-treatment device to finally obtain biomass particles for use as fuel.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a biomass fuel preparation system which comprises a pretreatment device, a hydrothermal carbonization reactor, a solid-liquid separator, a post-treatment device and a hot gas source device which are sequentially connected, wherein a circulating supply device is also arranged between the hydrothermal carbonization reactor and the solid-liquid separator, and the front end of the hydrothermal carbonization reactor is also provided with a spiral feeder; the pretreatment device is internally provided with a pulverizer, a cyclone separator and a dust removal device positioned above the cyclone separator; and a circulating pump, a reverse osmosis membrane group and a heating heat exchanger are arranged in the circulating supply device.
In some embodiments, the cyclone and the dust removal device are in communication, and the cyclone is interfaced below to the pulverizer feed inlet.
In some embodiments, the top of the hydrothermal carbonization reactor is provided with a motor, the motor is connected with a spiral stirrer and extends into the hydrothermal carbonization reactor, and the bottom of the hydrothermal carbonization reactor is provided with an aeration device.
In some embodiments, the hot gas source device is connected to the cyclone inlet, the hydrothermal carbonization reactor inlet, the solid-liquid separator outlet, the washing port and the post-treatment device respectively.
The invention also discloses a preparation process of the biomass fuel, which comprises the steps of crushing, cyclone separation, secondary crushing, hydrothermal carbonization of the refined biomass, drying twice and granulation.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a biomass fuel preparation process, which comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: adding a biomass raw material into a pretreatment device for pretreatment, wherein the pretreatment is that the biomass raw material is crushed by a crusher, separated by a cyclone separator and dedusted by a dedusting device in sequence;
step two: the pretreated biomass enters a hydrothermal carbonization reactor through a spiral feeder to react, and the discharged material below a cyclone separator returns to a crusher again to be treated;
step three: introducing the reacted biomass into a solid-liquid separator to perform solid-liquid separation and primary drying treatment in sequence, and introducing the liquid subjected to solid-liquid separation into the hydrothermal carbonization reactor again after passing through a reverse osmosis membrane group and a heating heat exchanger in sequence by a circulating pump;
step four: discharging the dried biomass into an after-treatment device through the bottom of the solid-liquid separator for secondary drying and granulation treatment;
wherein in the process from the first step to the second step, the hot gas source device is sequentially introduced into the cyclone separator, the hydrothermal carbonization reactor, the solid-liquid separator and the post-treatment device, and the biomass comprises wood chips, sawdust, straws and peanut shells.
In some embodiments, in the first step, the particle size of the pretreated biomass is 10 μm to 1 mm.
In some embodiments, in the second step, the reaction temperature of the hydrothermal carbonization reactor is 180 to 220 ℃, and the reaction time is 1.5 to 4.5 hours.
In some embodiments, in the second step, the reaction temperature in the hydrothermal carbonization reactor is raised to 180 ℃, the temperature is maintained for 0.5 to 1 hour, then the temperature is raised to 220 ℃, the temperature is maintained for 0.5 to 2 hours, then the temperature is lowered to 190 ℃, and the temperature is maintained for 0.5 to 1.5 hours.
In some embodiments, in the third step, the moisture content of the biomass after the primary drying treatment is 10% to 15%; in the fourth step, the moisture content of the biomass after the secondary drying treatment is 4-7%.
In some embodiments, in step four, the biomass particle size after granulation is from 1 μm to 0.1 mm.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: (1) the pretreatment device comprises a crusher, a cyclone separator and a dust removal device, and the fine particles are obtained through repeated circulating crushing, so that the specific surface area is effectively increased, and the reaction efficiency is improved; (2) a spiral stirrer and an aeration device are arranged in the hydrothermal carbonization reactor, so that the particles are more fully mixed with hot water and hot gas; (3) the solid-liquid separator can realize solid-liquid separation and drying treatment, reduce the drying pressure of post-treatment, and has lower water content and higher heat value of the product.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a biomass fuel production system according to the present invention.
Description of reference numerals: 1. a pulverizer; 2. a cyclone separator; 3. a dust removal device; 4. a screw feeder; 5. a hydrothermal carbonization reactor; 6. a solid-liquid separator; 7. a circulation pump; 8. a reverse osmosis membrane group; 9. heating a heat exchanger; 10. a hot gas source device; 11. and a post-processing device.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in detail with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings, but it should be understood that these embodiments are not intended to limit the present invention, and those skilled in the art should understand that functional, methodological, or structural equivalents or substitutions made by these embodiments are within the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, a biomass fuel preparation system comprises a pretreatment device, a hydrothermal carbonization reactor 5, a solid-liquid separator 6, a post-treatment device 11, and a hot gas source device 10, which are connected in sequence, wherein a circulation supply device is further arranged between the hydrothermal carbonization reactor 5 and the solid-liquid separator 6, and a screw feeder 4 is further arranged at the front end of the hydrothermal carbonization reactor 5.
The pretreatment device is internally provided with a pulverizer 1, a cyclone separator 2 and a dust removal device 3 positioned above the cyclone separator 2; and a circulating pump 7, a reverse osmosis membrane group 8 and a heating heat exchanger 9 are arranged in the circulating supply device. The dust removal device 3 shown is a bag filter or a ceramic tube filter. The filtering precision of the dust removing device 3 is 1 mu m-2 mm.
The cyclone separator 2 is communicated with the dust removal device 3, and an interface below the cyclone separator 2 is connected to a feed inlet of the pulverizer 1.
The top of the hydrothermal carbonization reactor 5 is provided with a motor, the motor is connected with a spiral stirrer and extends into the hydrothermal carbonization reactor 5, and the bottom of the hydrothermal carbonization reactor 5 is provided with an aeration device.
The solid-liquid separator 6 is one of a bag filter, a core filter or a cluster filter. Bag filters are preferred in this embodiment.
The hot gas source device 10 is respectively connected to the inlet of the cyclone separator 2, the inlet of the hydrothermal carbonization reactor 5, the liquid outlet of the solid-liquid separator 6, the washing port and the post-treatment device 11.
The hydrothermal carbonization reactor 5 can be replaced by a pyrolysis furnace. The post-treatment device 11 is a biomass pellet fuel granulator.
The working principle is as follows: adding a biomass raw material into a pulverizer 1 for pulverization treatment, treating pulverized biomass particles through a cyclone separator 2, filtering separated fine particles upwards through a dust removal device 3 for the second time, uniformly feeding the filtered biomass particles into a hydrothermal carbonization reactor 5 through a spiral feeder 4 for reaction, carrying out solid-liquid separation and primary drying treatment on the reacted biomass through a solid-liquid separator 6, discharging the treated biomass particles into an aftertreatment device 11 for secondary drying and granulation, and finally forming biomass particles for fuel.
Wherein, the large particles separated by the cyclone separator 2 and the large particles intercepted by the dust removing device 3 are recycled to the pulverizer 1 for pulverization treatment. This not only can carry out more thinning processing with the living beings granule, and big or small graininess living beings can also carry out shredding more evenly, finally obtains the comparatively even living beings granule of granularity and enters into hydrothermal carbonization reactor 5.
The dust removal device 3 effectively ensures that the particle size of the biomass particles entering the subsequent treatment working section is uniform, the final uniform particle size distribution of the biomass particles is realized, and the biomass particles have larger specific surface area and heat value and replace the traditional fuel.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 1, a biomass fuel preparation system is described in example 1. The process for preparing the biomass fuel by using the system comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: adding the biomass raw material into a pretreatment device for pretreatment, wherein the pretreatment process comprises the steps of crushing the biomass raw material by a crusher 1, separating by a cyclone separator 2 and dedusting by a dedusting device 3 in sequence.
And (3) circulating the large particles separated by the cyclone separator 2 and the large particles filtered by the dust removal device 3 to the pulverizer 1 again for pulverization, filtering the separated fine particles upwards by the dust removal device 3 again to obtain the biomass subjected to fine treatment, wherein in the first step, the particle size of the pretreated biomass is 10-0.1 mm.
Step two: the pretreated biomass uniformly enters a hydrothermal carbonization reactor 5 through a screw feeder 4 for reaction, and the material discharged below the cyclone separator 2 is returned to the crusher 1 for treatment again.
The top of the hydrothermal carbonization reactor 5 is provided with a motor, the motor is connected with a spiral stirrer and extends into the hydrothermal carbonization reactor 5, the bottom of the hydrothermal carbonization reactor 5 is provided with an aeration device, a hot gas source device 10 is used for ventilating and upwards spraying through the aeration device, biomass enters from the upper part of the hydrothermal carbonization reactor 5, hot water also enters from the upper part, three phases are reversely contacted and mixed, and the reaction efficiency is higher.
In the second step, the reaction temperature of the hydrothermal carbonization reactor 5 is 180-220 ℃, and the reaction time is 1.5-4.5 h. The reaction process in the hydrothermal carbonization reactor 5 is that the temperature is raised to 180 ℃ for heat preservation for 0.5-1 h, then the temperature is raised to 220 ℃ for heat preservation for 0.5-2 h, then the temperature is lowered to 190 ℃ for heat preservation for 0.5-1.5 h.
Specifically, the hydrothermal carbonization reaction process in this embodiment is to heat the reaction to 180 ℃, preserve heat for 0.5h, then heat to 220 ℃, preserve heat for 1.5h, then cool to 190 ℃, and preserve heat for 1 h.
Step three: the biomass after the reaction is introduced into a solid-liquid separator 6 to be subjected to solid-liquid separation and primary drying treatment in sequence, and the liquid after the solid-liquid separation passes through a circulating pump 7 and then is introduced into a hydrothermal carbonization reactor 5 again after passing through a reverse osmosis membrane group 8 and a heating heat exchanger 9 in sequence;
in the third step, the moisture content of the biomass is 10-15% after the primary drying treatment.
Step four: the dried biomass is discharged into a post-treatment device 11 through the bottom of the solid-liquid separator 6 to be subjected to secondary drying and granulation treatment;
in the fourth step, the moisture content of the biomass after the secondary drying treatment is 4-7%, and the particle size of the biomass after granulation is 1 mu m-0.1 mm.
Wherein, in the process from the first step to the second step, the hot gas source device 10 is sequentially introduced into the cyclone separator 2, the hydrothermal carbonization reactor 5, the solid-liquid separator 6 and the post-treatment device 11, and the biomass comprises wood chips, sawdust, straws and peanut shells.
In this embodiment, sawdust is selected as the biomass, and the solid-liquid separator 6 is preferably a cluster filter.
TABLE 1 sawdust-based Biomass pellet Fuel Performance parameters
| Heat value | Water content ratio | Particle size | Bottom ash slagging rate | |
| Parameter(s) | 3800-4200kcal/kg | 4％～5.5％ | 0.01～0.08mm | 5.6％ |
Example 3
As shown in fig. 1, a biomass fuel preparation system is described in example 1. The process for preparing the biomass fuel by using the system comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: adding the biomass raw material into a pretreatment device for pretreatment, wherein the pretreatment process comprises the steps of crushing the biomass raw material by a crusher 1, separating by a cyclone separator 2 and dedusting by a dedusting device 3 in sequence.
And (3) circulating the large particles separated by the cyclone separator 2 and the large particles filtered by the dust removal device 3 to the pulverizer 1 again for pulverization, filtering the separated fine particles upwards by the dust removal device 3 again to obtain the biomass subjected to fine treatment, wherein in the first step, the particle size of the pretreated biomass is 100-1 mm.
Step two: the pretreated biomass uniformly enters a hydrothermal carbonization reactor 5 through a screw feeder 4 for reaction, and the material discharged below the cyclone separator 2 is returned to the crusher 1 for treatment again.
The top of the hydrothermal carbonization reactor 5 is provided with a motor, the motor is connected with a spiral stirrer and extends into the hydrothermal carbonization reactor 5, the bottom of the hydrothermal carbonization reactor 5 is provided with an aeration device, a hot gas source device 10 is used for ventilating and upwards spraying through the aeration device, biomass enters from the upper part of the hydrothermal carbonization reactor 5, hot water also enters from the upper part, three phases are reversely contacted and mixed, and the reaction efficiency is higher.
In the second step, the reaction temperature of the hydrothermal carbonization reactor 5 is 180-220 ℃, and the reaction time is 1.5-4.5 h. The reaction process in the hydrothermal carbonization reactor 5 is that the temperature is raised to 180 ℃ for heat preservation for 0.5-1 h, then the temperature is raised to 220 ℃ for heat preservation for 0.5-2 h, then the temperature is lowered to 190 ℃ for heat preservation for 0.5-1.5 h.
Specifically, the hydrothermal carbonization reaction process in this embodiment is to heat the reaction to 180 ℃, preserve heat for 1 hour, then heat the reaction to 220 ℃, preserve heat for 1 hour, then cool the reaction to 190 ℃, and preserve heat for 1.5 hours.
Step three: the biomass after the reaction is introduced into a solid-liquid separator 6 to be subjected to solid-liquid separation and primary drying treatment in sequence, and the liquid after the solid-liquid separation passes through a circulating pump 7 and then is introduced into a hydrothermal carbonization reactor 5 again after passing through a reverse osmosis membrane group 8 and a heating heat exchanger 9 in sequence;
in the third step, the moisture content of the biomass is 10-15% after the primary drying treatment.
Step four: the dried biomass is discharged into a post-treatment device 11 through the bottom of a solid-liquid separator 6 to be subjected to secondary drying and granulation treatment;
in the fourth step, the moisture content of the biomass after the secondary drying treatment is 4-7%, and the particle size of the biomass after granulation is 1 mu m-0.1 mm.
Wherein, in the process from the first step to the second step, the hot gas source device 10 is sequentially introduced into the cyclone separator 2, the hydrothermal carbonization reactor 5, the solid-liquid separator 6 and the post-treatment device 11, and the biomass comprises wood chips, sawdust, straws and peanut shells.
In this example, corn stover was selected as the biomass.
TABLE 2 sawdust-based Biomass pellet Fuel Performance parameters
| Heat value | Water content ratio | Particle size | Bottom ash slagging rate | |
| Parameter(s) | 4500-5000kcal/kg | 5.1％～7.3％ | 0.06～0.15mm | 3.2％ |
The above-listed detailed description is only a specific description of a possible embodiment of the present invention, and they are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and equivalent embodiments or modifications made without departing from the technical spirit of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.
Claims (10)
1. The biomass fuel preparation system is characterized by comprising a pretreatment device, a hydrothermal carbonization reactor (5), a solid-liquid separator (6), a post-treatment device (11) and a hot gas source device (10) which are sequentially connected, wherein a circulating supply device is arranged between the hydrothermal carbonization reactor (5) and the solid-liquid separator (6), and the front end of the hydrothermal carbonization reactor (5) is also provided with a spiral feeder (4);
the pretreatment device is internally provided with a pulverizer (1), a cyclone separator (2) and a dust removal device (3) positioned above the cyclone separator (2); and a circulating pump (7), a reverse osmosis membrane group (8) and a heating heat exchanger (9) are arranged in the circulating supply device.
2. The biomass fuel preparation system according to claim 1, wherein the cyclone separator (2) is communicated with a dust removal device (3), and the lower port of the cyclone separator (2) is connected to the feed inlet of the pulverizer (1).
3. The biomass fuel preparation system according to claim 1, wherein a motor is arranged at the top of the hydrothermal carbonization reactor (5), a spiral stirrer is connected with the motor and extends into the hydrothermal carbonization reactor (5), and an aeration device is arranged at the bottom of the hydrothermal carbonization reactor (5).
4. The biomass fuel preparation system according to claim 3, wherein the hot gas source device (10) is connected to the cyclone separator (2) inlet, the hydrothermal carbonization reactor (5) inlet, the solid-liquid separator (6) outlet, the washing port and the post-treatment device (11).
5. A process for preparing biomass fuel by using the biomass fuel preparation system of any one of claims 1 to 4, which comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: adding a biomass raw material into a pretreatment device for pretreatment, wherein the pretreatment is that the biomass raw material is crushed by a crusher, separated by a cyclone separator and dedusted by a dedusting device in sequence;
step two: the pretreated biomass enters a hydrothermal carbonization reactor through a spiral feeder to react, and the discharged material below a cyclone separator returns to a crusher again to be treated;
step three: introducing the biomass after reaction into a solid-liquid separator to carry out solid-liquid separation and primary drying treatment in sequence, and introducing the liquid after solid-liquid separation into the hydrothermal carbonization reactor again after passing through a reverse osmosis membrane group and a heating heat exchanger by a circulating pump;
step four: discharging the dried biomass into an after-treatment device through the bottom of the solid-liquid separator for secondary drying and granulation treatment;
wherein in the process from the first step to the second step, the hot gas source device is sequentially introduced into the cyclone separator, the hydrothermal carbonization reactor, the solid-liquid separator and the post-treatment device, and the biomass comprises wood chips, sawdust, straws and peanut shells.
6. The biomass fuel preparation process according to claim 5, wherein in the first step, the particle size of the pretreated biomass is 10 μm to 1 mm.
7. The biomass fuel preparation process according to claim 6, wherein in the second step, the reaction temperature of the hydrothermal carbonization reactor is 180-220 ℃, and the reaction time is 1.5-4.5 h.
8. The biomass fuel preparation process according to claim 6, wherein in the second step, the reaction in the hydrothermal carbonization reactor is carried out by heating to 180 ℃ and maintaining the temperature for 0.5-1 h, then heating to 220 ℃ and maintaining the temperature for 0.5-2 h, then cooling to 190 ℃ and maintaining the temperature for 0.5-1.5 h.
9. The biomass fuel preparation process according to claim 8, wherein in the third step, the moisture content of the biomass after the primary drying treatment is 10-15%; in the fourth step, the moisture content of the biomass after the secondary drying treatment is 4-7%.
10. The process for preparing the biomass fuel according to claim 9, wherein in the fourth step, the particle size of the granulated biomass is 1 μm to 0.1 mm.
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