CN115003003B - High-frequency low-level control system and control method for particle accelerator - Google Patents
High-frequency low-level control system and control method for particle accelerator Download PDFInfo
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- CN115003003B CN115003003B CN202210596774.XA CN202210596774A CN115003003B CN 115003003 B CN115003003 B CN 115003003B CN 202210596774 A CN202210596774 A CN 202210596774A CN 115003003 B CN115003003 B CN 115003003B
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- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
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- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
- H05H7/00—Details of devices of the types covered by groups H05H9/00, H05H11/00, H05H13/00
- H05H7/02—Circuits or systems for supplying or feeding radio-frequency energy
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
- H05H7/00—Details of devices of the types covered by groups H05H9/00, H05H11/00, H05H13/00
- H05H7/02—Circuits or systems for supplying or feeding radio-frequency energy
- H05H2007/022—Pulsed systems
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- Particle Accelerators (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a high-frequency low-level control system of a particle accelerator, which comprises: the controller is used for controlling the pulse wave generator to realize phase adjustment; the pulse wave generator is communicated with the controller and is used for outputting pulse signals; an amplifier, which is communicated with the pulse generator and is used for amplifying the pulse signal; the directional coupler is communicated with the amplifier and is used for sampling incident and reflected signals of the amplifier; and the cavity is communicated with the directional coupler and is used for establishing an electric field to realize acceleration effect on particle beam. The sampling of the cavity signals and the incident and reflected signals of the amplifier is realized through designing the directional coupler and the acquisition module, the signals are transmitted to the controller, the controller finishes controlling the phase of the pulse generator according to a low-level control algorithm, and the amplitude of the output signals of the amplifier is adjusted through controlling the voltage amplitude of the power supply, so that the phase and the amplitude of the whole radio frequency link are adjusted.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of particle accelerators, which is used for realizing stable control of amplitude and phase of a high-frequency system of the accelerator.
Background
In particle accelerator engineering applications, a radio frequency power source is required, and the radio frequency power source is used for generating a high-power radio frequency signal, and the signal is used for being sent to an acceleration cavity, and a high-frequency electric field is established in the acceleration cavity, so that acceleration of particle beam is realized. In this process, the frequency, amplitude and phase indexes of the radio frequency power source have very high requirements. The accelerating cavity is generally a narrow-band resonant cavity, the bandwidth is generally narrow, and the working resonant frequency of the accelerating cavity can change to a certain extent according to different working states (including a beam state and a state of fed radio frequency power). An accelerator system may have multiple accelerator chambers that need to operate at the same frequency with relatively strict phase relationship requirements.
The separate accelerating cavity also needs to put strict control requirements on the phase of the high-frequency electric field in order to realize stable acceleration of the beam.
How to design a high-efficiency amplitude, frequency and phase stable control system which can adapt to different types of power amplifiers for accelerators is a key technology of the accelerator high-frequency control system.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: a high-frequency low-level control system of a particle accelerator and a control method thereof are provided to solve the above problems in the prior art.
The technical scheme is as follows: a high frequency low level control system for a particle accelerator, comprising:
the controller is used for controlling the pulse wave generator to realize phase adjustment;
the pulse wave generator is communicated with the controller and is used for outputting pulse signals;
an amplifier, which is communicated with the pulse generator and is used for amplifying the pulse signal;
the directional coupler is communicated with the amplifier and is used for sampling incident and reflected signals of the amplifier;
and the cavity is communicated with the directional coupler and is used for establishing an electric field to realize acceleration effect on particle beam.
The sampling of the cavity signals and the incident and reflected signals of the amplifier is realized through designing the directional coupler and the acquisition module, the signals are transmitted to the controller, the controller finishes controlling the phase of the pulse generator according to a low-level control algorithm, and the amplitude of the output signals of the amplifier is adjusted through controlling the voltage amplitude of the power supply, so that the phase and the amplitude of the whole radio frequency link are adjusted.
In a further embodiment, the pulse wave generator is connected to an accelerator timing system;
the accelerator timing system provides synchronous pulses required by the operation of the accelerator system equipment, and each subsystem equipment operates according to a certain pulse triggering time sequence.
The accelerator timing system providing a frequency reference signal to a pulse wave generator;
the frequency reference signal is used for realizing the phase correlation of a high-frequency low-level control system of the particle accelerator;
the operating frequency of the pulse generator is related to the frequency reference signal.
In a further embodiment, the amplifier is connected to a power supply, and the adjustment of the output power is achieved by adjusting the working voltage of the amplifier;
the power supply is connected with the mains supply;
the power supply is communicated with the controller.
The amplifier comprises a D, E class amplifier; the power supply is an AC/DC power supply;
the AC/DC power supply is a voltage output adjustable power supply, and the output power is adjusted by adjusting the working voltage of the amplifier in cooperation with the characteristics of the D, E amplifier.
In a further embodiment, the directional coupler is in communication with the controller for directing sampled amplifier incident, reflected signals to the controller;
the cavity is internally provided with a sampling module, the sampling module is used for collecting and sampling cavity signals, and the sampled signals are sent to the controller. The sampling module couples a small amount of cavity microwave signals through a probe placed at a certain position of the cavity, and the coupled sampling signals can represent the electric field characteristics in the cavity and are stably controlled by a high-frequency system.
The controller realizes control processing after sampling of the whole radio frequency link in a low level (small signal) state according to the incident signal, the reflected signal and the cavity signal of the amplifier.
A method for controlling a high frequency and a low level of a particle accelerator, comprising:
step 1, providing a frequency reference signal by an accelerator timing system;
step 2, the pulse wave generator generates a working frequency related to the frequency reference signal according to the frequency reference signal and transmits a pulse signal;
step 3, the controller controls the pulse generator to realize phase adjustment and change the phase of the working output signal of the amplifier;
step 4, a power supply is used for supplying power to the amplifier, and the working voltage of the amplifier is adjusted to realize the adjustment of output power;
step 5, amplifying the pulse signal by an amplifier, and outputting only a fundamental wave signal;
step 6, the directional coupler samples incident and reflected signals of the amplifier and sends the signals to the controller;
the sampling module is used for sampling the cavity signals and sending the cavity signals to the controller;
and 7, adjusting the phase of the whole radio frequency link according to the cavity signals and the sampling of the incident and reflected signals.
In a further embodiment, the step 5 further includes configuring a matching and resonant filter network inside the amplifier to implement impedance matching and resonant filtering of the operating frequency.
In a further embodiment, the step 7 further includes performing error judgment on the amplitude and the phase of the acquired signal to form a control quantity, and then controlling the phase of the pulse generator by the controller, thereby completing the adjustment of the phase of the whole radio frequency link.
This is done by a low level control algorithm, which may be done using a PID algorithm.
In a further embodiment, the method further includes step 8 of adjusting the amplitude of the output signal of the amplifier by controlling the voltage amplitude of the power supply, and the phase and the amplitude of the whole radio frequency link are adjusted in cooperation with step 7.
The beneficial effects are that: the invention discloses a high-frequency low-level control system of a particle accelerator and a control method thereof, wherein the system comprises a directional coupler and an acquisition module, the sampling of cavity signals and incident and reflected signals of an amplifier is realized, the cavity signals and the incident and reflected signals of the amplifier are transmitted to a controller, the controller finishes controlling the phase of a pulse generator according to a low-level control algorithm, and the amplitude of an output signal of the amplifier is adjusted by controlling the amplitude of the voltage of a power supply, so that the phase and the amplitude of a whole radio frequency link are adjusted.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a system framework of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the pulse phase shifting method of the invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the operation of the DRF1200 power amplifier of the invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention relates to a high frequency low level control system of a particle accelerator and a control method thereof, and is explained below by way of specific embodiments.
A high frequency low level control system for a particle accelerator, comprising:
the controller is used for controlling the pulse wave generator to realize phase adjustment;
the pulse wave generator is communicated with the controller and is used for outputting pulse signals;
an amplifier, which is communicated with the pulse generator and is used for amplifying the pulse signal;
the directional coupler is communicated with the amplifier and is used for sampling incident and reflected signals of the amplifier;
and the cavity is communicated with the directional coupler and is used for establishing an electric field to realize acceleration effect on particle beam.
The sampling of the cavity signals and the incident and reflected signals of the amplifier is realized through designing the directional coupler and the acquisition module, the signals are transmitted to the controller, the controller finishes controlling the phase of the pulse generator according to a low-level control algorithm, and the amplitude of the output signals of the amplifier is adjusted through controlling the voltage amplitude of the power supply, so that the phase and the amplitude of the whole radio frequency link are adjusted.
The pulse wave generator is connected with an accelerator timing system;
the accelerator timing system providing a frequency reference signal to a pulse wave generator;
the frequency reference signal is used for realizing the phase correlation of a high-frequency low-level control system of the particle accelerator;
the operating frequency of the pulse generator is related to the frequency reference signal.
The amplifier is connected with a power supply, and the output power is adjusted by adjusting the working voltage of the amplifier;
the power supply is connected with the mains supply;
the power supply is communicated with the controller.
The amplifier comprises a D, E class amplifier; the power supply is an AC/DC power supply;
the AC/DC power supply is a voltage output adjustable power supply, and the output power is adjusted by adjusting the working voltage of the amplifier in cooperation with the characteristics of the D, E amplifier.
The directional coupler is communicated with the controller and is used for sending incident and reflected signals of the sampled amplifier to the controller;
the cavity is internally provided with a sampling module, the sampling module is used for collecting and sampling cavity signals, and the sampled signals are sent to the controller.
The controller is used for realizing control processing after sampling of the whole radio frequency link under a low level (small signal) state according to the incidence signal, the reflection signal and the cavity signal of the amplifier;
the pulse generator generates a pulse signal, the period of the pulse signal is the working frequency of the accelerator, and the T_delay of the pulse signal is the phase adjustment amount of the working frequency signal of the accelerator.
By quantitatively adjusting the T_delay, the phase closed-loop adjustment of the accelerating cavity radio frequency signal can be realized.
For dc voltage regulation, we typically take DRF1200 power amplifier as an example for testing. The working curve can be obtained as shown in fig. 3; a way of adjusting the radio frequency power by adjusting the dc input power is possible.
By the control mode, stable control precision of amplitude superior to 1% and phase control precision superior to 1 degree can be realized very simply and efficiently.
Compared with the traditional accelerator low-level control mode. The conventional manner in which low level control in an accelerator high frequency system must be amplitude, phase stable control for a linear (or near linear) amplifier system can be avoided. The aim of remarkably improving the working efficiency of the power amplifier is achieved. The control implementation of amplitude control and phase control is also greatly simplified.
Description of working principle: firstly, an accelerator timing system provides a frequency reference signal, then a pulse wave generator generates working frequency related to the frequency reference signal according to the frequency reference signal, and a pulse signal is emitted; the controller controls the pulse generator to realize phase adjustment and change the phase of the working output signal of the amplifier; the power supply is used for supplying power to the amplifier, and the working voltage of the amplifier is adjusted to realize the adjustment of output power; the amplifier is internally provided with a matching and resonance filter network to realize impedance matching and resonance filtering of working frequency, amplifies pulse signals and only outputs fundamental wave signals;
the directional coupler samples incident and reflected signals of the amplifier and sends the signals to the controller;
the sampling module is used for sampling the cavity signals and sending the cavity signals to the controller;
and (3) carrying out error judgment on the amplitude and the phase of the acquired signals according to the sampling of the cavity signals and the incident and reflected signals to form a control quantity, and further controlling the phase of the pulse generator by the controller to finish adjusting the phase of the whole radio frequency link and adjust the phase of the whole radio frequency link.
The amplitude of the output signal of the amplifier is adjusted by controlling the voltage amplitude of the power supply, so that the phase and the amplitude of the whole radio frequency link are adjusted.
The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments, and various equivalent changes can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention within the scope of the technical concept of the present invention, and these equivalent changes all fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A high-frequency low-level control method of a particle accelerator is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the controller is used for controlling the pulse wave generator to realize phase adjustment;
the pulse wave generator is communicated with the controller and is used for outputting pulse signals;
an amplifier, which is communicated with the pulse wave generator and is used for amplifying the pulse signal;
the directional coupler is communicated with the amplifier and is used for sampling incident and reflected signals of the amplifier;
the cavity is communicated with the directional coupler and is used for establishing an electric field to realize acceleration effect on particle beam;
the pulse wave generator is connected with an accelerator timing system;
the accelerator timing system providing a frequency reference signal to a pulse wave generator;
the working frequency of the pulse wave generator is related to the frequency reference signal;
the method comprises the following steps:
step 1, providing a frequency reference signal by an accelerator timing system;
step 2, the pulse wave generator generates a working frequency related to the frequency reference signal according to the frequency reference signal and transmits a pulse signal;
step 3, the controller controls the pulse wave generator to realize phase adjustment, and the working output signal phase of the amplifier is changed;
step 4, a power supply is used for supplying power to the amplifier, and the working voltage of the amplifier is adjusted to realize the adjustment of output power;
step 5, amplifying the pulse signal by an amplifier, and outputting only a fundamental wave signal;
step 6, the directional coupler samples incident and reflected signals of the amplifier and sends the signals to the controller;
the sampling module is used for sampling the cavity signals and sending the cavity signals to the controller;
and 7, adjusting the phase of the whole radio frequency link according to the cavity signals and the sampling of the incident and reflected signals.
2. The method for controlling the high frequency and low level of the particle accelerator according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the amplifier is connected with a power supply, and the output power is adjusted by adjusting the working voltage of the amplifier;
the power supply is connected with the mains supply;
the power supply is communicated with the controller.
3. The method for controlling the high frequency and low level of the particle accelerator according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the directional coupler is communicated with the controller and is used for sending the incident and reflected signals of the sampled amplifier to the controller.
4. The method for controlling the high frequency and low level of the particle accelerator according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
the cavity is internally provided with a sampling module, the sampling module is used for collecting and sampling cavity signals, and the sampled signals are sent to the controller.
5. The method for controlling the high frequency and low level of the particle accelerator according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the step 5 further comprises configuring a matching and resonance filtering network in the amplifier to realize impedance matching and resonance filtering of the working frequency.
6. The method for controlling the high frequency and low level of the particle accelerator according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and step 7, error judgment is carried out on the amplitude and the phase of the acquired signal to form a control quantity, and then the controller controls the phase of the pulse wave generator, so that the phase of the whole radio frequency link is adjusted.
7. The method for controlling the high frequency and low level of the particle accelerator according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and step 8, adjusting the amplitude of the output signal of the amplifier by controlling the voltage amplitude of the power supply, and completing the adjustment of the phase and the amplitude of the whole radio frequency link in cooperation with step 7.
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Citations (4)
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| CN109195302A (en) * | 2018-11-19 | 2019-01-11 | 合肥中科离子医学技术装备有限公司 | A kind of superconducting cyclotron radio-frequency cavity body frequency tuner and method |
| CN110333391A (en) * | 2019-04-08 | 2019-10-15 | 中国科学技术大学 | It is a kind of can on-line correction measurement phase of cable drift RF phase measurement system |
| CN112865719A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-05-28 | 散裂中子源科学中心 | Radio frequency power source system and device for boron neutron capture treatment device |
| CN114051309A (en) * | 2021-11-03 | 2022-02-15 | 北京航天广通科技有限公司分公司 | Control system and method for radio frequency power and amplitude of particle accelerator |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US20190326915A1 (en) * | 2018-04-19 | 2019-10-24 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Sampling Phase-Locked Loop (PLL) |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109195302A (en) * | 2018-11-19 | 2019-01-11 | 合肥中科离子医学技术装备有限公司 | A kind of superconducting cyclotron radio-frequency cavity body frequency tuner and method |
| CN110333391A (en) * | 2019-04-08 | 2019-10-15 | 中国科学技术大学 | It is a kind of can on-line correction measurement phase of cable drift RF phase measurement system |
| CN112865719A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-05-28 | 散裂中子源科学中心 | Radio frequency power source system and device for boron neutron capture treatment device |
| CN114051309A (en) * | 2021-11-03 | 2022-02-15 | 北京航天广通科技有限公司分公司 | Control system and method for radio frequency power and amplitude of particle accelerator |
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