CN115001590A - Microwave photon link nonlinear digital correction method - Google Patents
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Abstract
A microwave photon link nonlinear digital correction method corrects nonlinearities introduced by a Mach-Zehnder modulator (MZM) and a photoelectric detector in a microwave photon link using the MZM and the photoelectric detector in a digital way, does not increase extra hardware cost, is suitable for microwave photon links of continuous and pulse light sources, and can also be used for correction when an input microwave signal is a broadband signal.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of signal processing, in particular to a nonlinear digital correction method for a microwave photon link with an electro-optical modulator and a photoelectric detector.
Background
Microwave photonics is an emerging discipline combining microwave and photonic technology. In recent years, microwave photonics is gradually developed and matured in the aspects of theory, devices, key technology and the like, and a microwave photonic link is widely applied to various fields of signal generation, radar detection, wireless communication and the like and has the advantages of high precision, large bandwidth and low loss. With the development of modern communication technology, higher requirements are made on the bandwidth and the linearity of a system in signal transmission and signal processing. For microwave photonic links using external modulation, the linearity of the system is limited mainly by the electro-optical modulator and the photodetector. The electro-optical modulator generally adopts a mach-zehnder modulator, a cosine-form nonlinear transmission curve is generated due to mutual interference between two arms, and the initial phase of the transmission curve can change along with the external environment. In the photodetector section, the nonlinearity is mainly caused by the space charge effect and the cascaded transimpedance amplifier.
The problem of modulator nonlinearity has been a research hotspot in the field of microwave photonics, and various schemes have been proposed, mainly including analog and digital methods. In the analog method, some linearization is achieved by compensating nonlinear components, the electrical domain compensation is pre-distorted or fed back by a circuit before the input signal, there is a limit in bandwidth, and the Optical domain compensation can be achieved by parallel connection of modulators (Microwave Photonic Link With Improved Dynamic Range Through pi Phase Shift of the Optical Carrier band 2019) and Optical domain filtering (Cui Y, Dai Y, Yin F, et al. Another part of the scheme attempts to change the modulation mode, such as using a polarization controller and an analyzer to demodulate the signal (Ning J, Dai Y, Yin F, et a1.linear modulation of intensity-modulated optical link based on polarization modulation modulator [ C ]// International capacitive measuring on Microwave photonics, ieee, 2014.) but all will be converted into intensity modulation form, and faces the non-linearity problem. While demodulating phase modulated signals using coherent detection (Qiang L, Xu K, Dai Y, et al. A novel horizontal RF-to-digital Optical link base on a single phase modulator [ C ]//2011 International Conference on Information Photonics and Optical communications. IEEE 2012,.) is suitable for continuous Optical systems. In the digital method, a dual-output Mach-Zehnder modulator is used to obtain two complementary outputs and bring them into an inverse trigonometric restoration signal (Juodawlkis P W, Twinhill J C, Betts GE, et al. optical sampled and analog-to-digital converters [ J ]. IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques, 2001, 49 (10): 1840-1853.), but this scheme does not take into account the imbalance coefficients in the transmission curve of the modulator and requires strict matching of the amplitude and phase of the two outputs.
The nonlinear research of the photodetector mainly aims at improving the saturation input Optical Power and the output radio frequency signal Power of the device, and a photodetector Array (Itakura S, Sakai K, Nagatsuka T, et al. high-Current Backside-Illuminated phosphor Array Module for Optical Analog Links [ J ]. Journal of light wave Technology 2010, 28 (6): 965 & 971.) and a single-row carrier photodetector (Li Q, Li K, Fu Y, et al. high-Power Flip-Chip Bonded phosphor having 110GHz Bandwidth [ J ]. Journal of light wave Technology 2016, 34 (9): 2139 & 2144.) are also under research. In addition, some schemes remove even harmonics in the link by changing the bias point of the modulator or using a balanced detector, but the odd harmonics in the link still remain.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a nonlinear digital correction method for a microwave photon link with a Mach-Zehnder modulator and a photoelectric detector, which comprises the steps of measuring input and output of the photoelectric detector, carrying out threshold judgment according to a quantization step, establishing a photoelectric detector input and output lookup table, dividing an equivalent quantization step on MZM output optical power, measuring input and output of the MZM, carrying out threshold judgment according to the defined equivalent quantization step, establishing the MZM input and output lookup table, correcting a digital signal acquired by the microwave photon link according to the photoelectric detector input and output lookup table, then correcting according to the MZM input and output lookup table, and linearly restoring an input microwave signal. On the basis of not increasing hardware cost, nonlinear correction is completed in a digital mode, the method has high accuracy and stability, is suitable for microwave photon links of continuous light sources and pulse light sources, can effectively reduce the influence of drift of the position of a modulator bias point on the microwave photon links, and supports correction of broadband microwave signals input into the microwave photon links. When the optical power or the photoelectric device in the link is changed, the corresponding lookup table and the index function can be retested and established, and the mobility is realized.
The technical solution of the invention is as follows:
a microwave photon link nonlinear digital correction method is characterized in that the method corrects nonlinearity introduced by a Mach-Zehnder modulator (MZM) and a photoelectric detector in a microwave photon link using the MZM and the photoelectric detector, and the method comprises the following steps:
step 1) setting the scanning range P of the input optical power of the photoelectric detector s ～P E And step Δ P, scan the initial value P s To be located in the linear working area of the photoelectric detection, the final value P is scanned E To be located in the saturation region of the photodetector and less than the maximum input optical power allowed by the photodetector;
step 2) measuring and recording input optical power and output voltage values of the photoelectric detector, averaging the input optical power and the output voltage values for multiple times, then carrying out threshold judgment according to quantization steps to obtain an averaged output voltage value of the photoelectric detector, wherein the minimum value of the averaged output voltage value is recorded as V outA And the maximum value is denoted as V outZ ；
Step 3) carrying out curve fitting by respectively taking the input optical power of the photoelectric detector and the averaged output voltage value as an independent variable and a function value;
step 4) establishing a photoelectric detector input and output lookup table and an index function on the fitted function according to the quantization step of the output voltage of the photoelectric detector, and dividing the input optical power (namely the output optical power of the MZM) of the photoelectric detector into equivalent quantization steps;
step 5) enabling the radio frequency input port of the MZM to be in no-load, and setting the voltage scanning range V of the direct current input port S ～V E And a step Δ V, where V E -V S Is more than twice of half-wave voltage of MZM, and the output voltage of the photoelectric detector does not exceed V outZ ；
Step 6) changing the direct current voltage input into the MZM according to the setting, recording the output voltage value of the photoelectric detector, and enabling the voltage value to be larger than or equal to V outA Correcting the value of the MZM in an input and output lookup table of a photoelectric detector according to an index function to obtain the output optical power of the MZM, measuring for multiple times, averaging, and then performing threshold judgment according to the equivalent quantization step divided in the step 4) to obtain the averaged output optical power of the MZM;
step 7) performing first-order Fourier curve fitting by taking the MZM input direct-current voltage value and the averaged MZM output optical power as an independent variable and a function value respectively;
step 8) establishing an MZM input-output lookup table and an index function according to the equivalent quantization step of the MZM output optical power on a first-order Fourier curve fitting function;
step 9) setting the input voltage (namely, direct current bias voltage) of the MZM direct current input port at an orthogonal point, loading a microwave signal on the MZM radio frequency input port, wherein the peak-peak value of the amplitude of the microwave signal does not exceed the half-wave voltage of the MZM, and acquiring the output voltage value of the current photoelectric detector;
step 10) more than or equal to V in the output voltage value of the current photoelectric detector outA The value of (1) is corrected in the input and output lookup table of the photoelectric detector according to an index function to obtain the input optical power of the photoelectric detector (namely the output optical power of the MZM);
step 11) correcting the MZM output optical power obtained in the step 10) in an MZM input/output lookup table according to an index function, and linearly restoring the microwave signal of the microwave transmission photon link.
Further, the curve fitting in the step 3) may be a whole-segment fitting or a segment fitting, and a curve of the segment fitting is to ensure that a second derivative exists at a connecting point of the segment and the segment;
further, the light source power when the MZM input/output lookup table is measured and established is required to be consistent with the light source power when the microwave signal is loaded, and the light source power when the photoelectric detector is measured and established is not required to be consistent with the light source power when the microwave signal is loaded;
furthermore, when the photoelectric detector is replaced, retesting is needed to perform curve fitting to establish the input and output lookup tables and the index function of the photoelectric detector, retesting is needed to perform Fourier curve fitting to establish the input and output lookup tables and the index function of the MZM, and retesting is needed only to perform Fourier curve fitting to establish the input and output lookup tables and the index function of the MZM after the input optical power of the MZM is changed;
further, the light source in the microwave photonic link is a continuous light source or a pulsed light source.
Further, when the light source is a pulse light source, the photodetector output voltage in the correcting step is obtained by synchronously sampling or integrating the photodetector output electric pulse.
Further, the microwave signal input to the microwave photonic link through the MZM radio frequency port may be a broadband signal.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
the invention carries out nonlinear correction on a microwave photon link using a Mach-Zehnder modulator and a photoelectric detector, firstly establishes an input/output lookup table of the photoelectric detector according to a quantization step to obtain a linear MZM output optical power step, then establishes an input/output lookup table of the MZM according to a defined equivalent quantization to obtain a linear MZM input voltage, and corrects nonlinearity introduced by the photoelectric detector and nonlinearity introduced by the MZM in sequence by using a digital method without increasing additional hardware cost. When the microwave photon link is changed due to environmental conditions, device type selection, power attenuation and the like, the photoelectric detector and the MZM input/output lookup table can be retested and established for correction, and the mobility is strong.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a microwave photonic link nonlinear digital correction method according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a graph of the measured output voltage value of the photodetector and the input optical power function in the example.
FIG. 3 is a graph of the input voltage and output optical power function of MZM measured in the examples.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the drawings and examples in order that researchers in this field may better understand the invention. It should be particularly noted that the embodiments are carried out on the premise that the technical solutions of the present invention are carried out on the premise that the method is used as a premise, and detailed embodiments and procedures are given, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.
Example (b):
the system structure diagram of the embodiment is shown in fig. 1, and includes a mode-locked laser 1, a mach-zehnder modulator 2, an adjustable dc voltage source 3, an optical coupler 4, a photodetector 5, an electrical analog-to-digital converter 6, an optical power meter 7, a synchronization module 8, and a radio frequency signal source 9, where the mach-zehnder modulator 2 includes two electrical input ports, a radio frequency input port 2-1 and a dc input port 2-2, the optical coupler 4 includes two output ports, 90% of the output ports 4-1 and 10% of the output ports 4-2;
the invention relates to a microwave photon link nonlinear digital correction method, which comprises the following steps:
1) setting the adjustable DC voltage source 3 to make the optical power of 90% output port 4-1 of the optical coupler at P s ～P E Scanning in a range with a step delta P, wherein an initial value P is scanned s To be located in the linear operating region of the photodetector 5, the final value P is scanned E The maximum input optical power is smaller than that of the photoelectric detector 5 and is positioned in the saturation area of the photoelectric detector 5;
2) recording the reading of the optical power meter 7 and the reading of the electric analog-digital converter 6, wherein the electric analog-digital converter 6 synchronously samples and quantizes the electric pulse output by the photoelectric detector 5 through the synchronization module 8, after multiple measurements are averaged, threshold judgment is carried out according to the quantization step of the electric analog-digital converter 6 to obtain the averaged output voltage value of the photoelectric detector, and the minimum value and the maximum value are respectively marked as V outA And V outZ ；
3) Performing piecewise cubic spline fitting by respectively taking 9 times of the reading of the power meter 7 and the voltage value light output by the photoelectric detector averaged in the step 2) as an independent variable and a dependent variable;
4) establishing a photoelectric detector input and output lookup table and an index function on a segmented cubic spline fitting function according to the quantization step of the electric analog-digital converter 6, and dividing the input optical power of the photoelectric detector 5 (namely the output optical power of the modulator 2) into equivalent quantization steps;
5) the radio frequency input port 2-1 of the modulator 2 is enabled to be unloaded, and the voltage scanning range V of the adjustable direct current voltage source 3 is set S ～V E And a step Δ V, where V E -V S Is greater than twice the half-wave voltage of the MZM and the reading of the electrical analog-to-digital converter 6 does not exceed V outZ ；
6) The output voltage of the adjustable DC voltage source 3 is changed according to the setting, the reading of the electric A/D converter 6 is recorded, and V is larger than or equal to V outA The value of (2) is corrected in an input/output lookup table of the photoelectric detector according to an index function to obtain the output light power of the modulator 2, and after multiple measurements and averaging, threshold judgment is carried out according to the equivalent quantization step divided in the step 4) to obtain the average output light power of the modulator;
7) performing first-order Fourier curve fitting by taking the output voltage of the adjustable direct-current voltage source 3 and the averaged modulator output light power as independent variables and function values respectively;
8) establishing a modulator input and output lookup table and an index function on a first-order Fourier curve fitting function according to the equivalent quantization order of the output optical power of the modulator;
9) setting the input voltage (namely direct current bias voltage) of a direct current input port 2-2 of a modulator 2 at an orthogonal point, loading a microwave signal on a radio frequency input port 2-1 of the modulator 2, wherein the peak-to-peak value of the amplitude of the microwave signal does not exceed the half-wave voltage of the modulator 2, and acquiring the reading of an electric analog-digital converter 6;
10) v or more in the reading of the electric A/D converter 6 outA The value of (2) is corrected in the input and output lookup table of the photoelectric detector according to an index function to obtain the input optical power of the photoelectric detector 5 (namely the output optical power of the modulator 2);
11) correcting the output optical power of the modulator 2 obtained in the step 10) in a modulator input and output lookup table according to an index function, and linearly restoring the microwave signal of the microwave transmission photon link.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A microwave photonic link nonlinear digital correction method is characterized in that the method corrects nonlinearity introduced by a Mach-Zehnder modulator (MZM) and a photoelectric detector in a microwave photonic link using the MZM and the photoelectric detector, and the method comprises the following steps:
step 1) setting the scanning range P of the input optical power of the photoelectric detector s ～P E And step Δ P, scan initial value P s To be located in the linear working area of the photoelectric detection, the final value P is scanned E To be located in the saturation region of the photodetector and less than the maximum input optical power allowed by the photodetector;
step 2) measuring and recording input optical power and output voltage values of the photoelectric detector, averaging the input optical power and the output voltage values for multiple times, then carrying out threshold judgment according to quantization steps to obtain an averaged output voltage value of the photoelectric detector, wherein the minimum value of the averaged output voltage value is recorded as V outA And the maximum value is denoted as V outZ ；
Step 3) carrying out curve fitting by respectively taking the input optical power of the photoelectric detector and the averaged output voltage value as an independent variable and a function value;
step 4) establishing a photoelectric detector input and output lookup table and an index function on the fitted function according to the quantization step of the output voltage of the photoelectric detector, and dividing the input optical power (namely the output optical power of the MZM) of the photoelectric detector into equivalent quantization steps;
step 5) enabling the radio frequency input port of the MZM to be in no-load, and setting the voltage scanning range V of the direct current input port S ～V E And a step Δ V, where V E -V S Is more than twice of MZM half-wave voltage, and the output voltage of the photoelectric detector does not exceed V outZ ；
Step 6) changing the direct current voltage input into the MZM according to the setting, recording the output voltage value of the photoelectric detector, and enabling the voltage value to be larger than or equal to V outA The value of the MZM is corrected in an input/output lookup table of the photoelectric detector according to an index function to obtain the output optical power of the MZM, after multiple measurements are averaged, threshold judgment is carried out according to the equivalent quantization step divided in the step 4), and the averaged output optical power of the MZM is obtained;
step 7) performing first-order Fourier curve fitting by taking the MZM input direct-current voltage value and the averaged MZM output optical power as an independent variable and a function value respectively;
step 8) establishing an MZM input-output lookup table and an index function on a first-order Fourier curve fitting function according to the equivalent quantization step of the MZM output optical power;
step 9) setting the input voltage (namely, direct current bias voltage) of the MZM direct current input port at an orthogonal point, loading a microwave signal on the MZM radio frequency input port, wherein the peak-peak value of the amplitude of the microwave signal does not exceed the half-wave voltage of the MZM, and acquiring the output voltage value of the current photoelectric detector;
step 10) more than or equal to V in the output voltage value of the current photoelectric detector outA The value of (1) is corrected in the input and output lookup table of the photoelectric detector according to an index function to obtain the input optical power of the photoelectric detector (namely the output optical power of the MZM);
step 11) correcting the MZM output optical power obtained in the step 10) in an MZM input/output lookup table according to an index function, and linearly restoring the microwave signal of the microwave transmission photon link.
2. The microwave photonic link nonlinear digital correction method according to claim 1, wherein the curve fitting in step 3) can be a whole-segment fitting and a segment fitting, and the curve of the segment fitting is to ensure that a second derivative exists at a connecting point of the segment and the segment.
3. The microwave photonic link nonlinear digital correction method of claim 1, wherein the light source power when measuring and establishing the MZM input/output lookup table and the light source power when loading the microwave signal need to be kept the same, and the light source power when measuring and establishing the photodetector input/output lookup table and the light source power when loading the microwave signal need not be kept the same.
4. The microwave photonic link nonlinear digital correction method of claim 1, wherein when a photodetector device is replaced, retesting is required to perform curve fitting to establish the photodetector input-output lookup table and the index function, retesting is required to perform fourier curve fitting to establish the MZM input-output lookup table and the index function, and retesting is required only to perform fourier curve fitting to establish the MZM input-output lookup table and the index function when input optical power of the MZM is changed.
5. The microwave photonic link nonlinear digital correction method of claim 1, wherein a light source in the microwave photonic link is a continuous light source or a pulsed light source.
6. The microwave photonic link nonlinear digital correction method of claim 5, wherein when the light source is a pulsed light source, the photodetector output voltage in the correction step is obtained by synchronously sampling or integrating the photodetector output electrical pulse.
7. The microwave photonic link nonlinear digital correction method of claim 1, wherein the microwave signal input to the microwave photonic link through the MZM radio frequency port may be a broadband signal.
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