CN105842952A - Method and device improving microwave signal time stretching linearity - Google Patents
Method and device improving microwave signal time stretching linearity Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the photoelectric technical field, and especially relates to a method and device improving microwave signal time stretching linearity; the method uses a dual-parallel modulator to carry out suppressed carrier modulation, thus suppressing output signal dc components, enlarging detector sensitivity, effectively eliminating even harmonic distortion, and improving system linearity. The optimum optical power coupling ratio and the microwave signal power coupling ratio of the dual-parallel modulator are set; modulation signal and reference signal interference and balance detection mode are combined so as to effectively suppress third harmonic and third order cross modulation distortion, obviously improving system sinad ratio and effective number of bits, and realizing microwave signal time stretching analog-to-digital conversion system linearization.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of photoelectric technology, particularly to a kind of method and device improving the microwave signal time-stretching linearity.
Background technology
Analog-digital converter (ADC, Analog-to-digital converter) is that the analogue signal in nature is converted to numeral letter
Number instrument, so it plays vital effect building during digital display circuit.But traditional electronic die number conversion
Device is because of the restriction of carrier mobility, it is difficult to realize broadband, big sampling rate and the breakthrough of high number of significant digit.And light pulse is solid
Some broadbands, at a high speed, the characteristic such as stable make optics modulus conversion technique become the effective way breaking through electronic bottleneck, allow broadband,
High-precision analog digital conversion is possibly realized.Optical event modulus in tension conversion (TS-ADC) technology is by the optics of extensive concern
One of ADC technology, it utilizes optical dispersion effect by high-speed microwave signal reduction of speed, then adopts with high-precision electronics ADC
Sample and quantization, thus realize high speed, broadband, high-precision analog digital conversion.At present, single pass transient signal processing system is
The high effective sampling rate having realized 10TS/s, number of significant digit is 4.5bits (J.Chou, O.Boyraz, et al.Femtosecond
Real-time single-shot digitizer.Applied Physics Letters, 2007,91 (16): 161105).And multichannel continuous time
Signal processing system has realized the signal real-time sampling to 47GHz and has quantified, and effective sampling rate is 150GS/s (J.Chou, J.
Conway, et al.150Gs/s real-time oscilloscope using a photonic front end.Asia-Pacific Microwave
Photonics Conference, 2008:35-38).
In TS-ADC, number of significant digit (ENOB, Effective number of bits) is used to weigh the parameter of system accuracy,
It is directly proportional with sinad ratio (SINAD, Signal to noise distortion rate), i.e. ENOB=(SINAD-1.76)/6.02.
In order to promote the to-noise ratio (SNR, Signal to noise ratio) of system, it should the modulation depth of increase microwave signal, but due to
Photoelectric external modulator transfer function non-linear, even if being biased in linear bias point, the odd harmonic of output signal also will be along with tune
The raising of the degree of depth processed and increase.In addition, the even-order harmonic that dispersion causes, and the drift of modulator linearity bias point causes
Second harmonics etc. all can the number of significant digit of deteriorating process.Therefore, improving time-stretching system linearity degree is raising system significance bit
The necessary means of number.At present, the linearization technique extensively mentioned be Univ California-Los Angeles USA Jalali professor team carry
The dual output modulator approach gone out, its dual-port difference algorithm can eliminate the even-order harmonic that dispersion causes, and antitrigonometric function is transported
Calculation can correct the non-linear of manipulator transfer function, and high-pass filtering processes and then can eliminate what the drift of modulator linearity bias point caused
Second harmonic (Shalabh Gupta, George C.Valley, et al.Distortion Cancellation in Time-Stretch
Analog-to-Digital Converter.Journal of Lightwave Technology, 2007:3716-3721).But, the method
Compensation effect be limited to the intensity of manipulator and phase mismatch degree, and only harmonic signal is played inhibitory action.But in Asia
In frequency doubling system, third order intermodulation distortion relatively second harmonic distance fundamental frequency signal closer to, it is difficult to eliminate by the method for filtering, therefore three
Rank crosstalk be can not ignore, and it is to limit system linear degree and the principal element of dynamic range.In order to effectively suppress TS-ADC
In third order intermodulation distortion, Zhejiang University propose utilize the special biasing of double-parallel modulator method, experiment prove the method can
SFDR (SFDR, Spurious-free dynamic range) is promoted 26dB (Boyu Xu, Wulue Lv, et al.
Spurious-free dynamic range improvement in a photonic time-stretched analog-to-digital converter
Based on the third-order prediction.Chinese Laser Press, 2014:97-101).But, the method suppresses three rank to hand over
Adjusting distortion is to increase second harmonic as cost.For broadband TS-ADC system, it is contemplated that while eliminating low-order harmonic,
Suppression third order intermodulation distortion, but up to the present, still not for Reflection Optical Thin Film time-stretching system linearity method.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to the problems referred to above, propose a kind of method and device improving the microwave signal time-stretching linearity.
Technical scheme: a kind of method improving the microwave signal time-stretching linearity, comprises the following steps:
A. utilize the directional coupler chirped optical pulse to being obtained by effect of dispersion to carry out branch, lead up to double-parallel modulator
To treat that digitized microwave signal is modulated on chirped optical pulse, another road is as reference signal；
B. by the second directional coupler, the chirped optical pulse after modulation is interfered with reference signal, then divide two-way to export, often
The signal of one tunnel output exports after dispersion time-stretching again；
C. the signal of output in step b is balanced detection, then completes analog digital conversion with electronic analogue-to-digital converter.
The method of the present invention, uses double-parallel modulator, upper and lower two MZM modulator is biased in zero point (null point), real
Existing carrier suppressed modulation, effectively suppression light carrier and even-order harmonic distortion item.Utilize π fixing between upper and lower two MZM output
Phase contrast, makes triple-frequency harmonics that upper and lower two-arm exports, third order intermodulation component symbol contrary.Again by specific between double-parallel modulator
The optical power coupler of ratio, the microwave signal of the non-constant amplitude of upper and lower MZM load, and modulated signal is interfered with reference signal and
Balance detection structure, it is achieved that triple-frequency harmonics, the elimination of third order intermodulation component, considerably improves system linearity degree with dynamic
Scope.
A kind of device improving the microwave signal time-stretching linearity, including: mode-locked laser the 1, first dispersive medium 2, first
Directional coupler the 3, second directional coupler 5, double-parallel modulator 4, first annular device the 6, second circulator the 7, second color
Dispersion media 8, balanced detector 9, electronic analogue-to-digital converter 10.The outfan of described mode-locked laser 1 is situated between by the first dispersion
Matter 2 is followed by the first directional coupler 3；One tunnel output of described first directional coupler 3 is followed by the by double-parallel modulator 4
One end of two directional couplers 5, the output of another road is directly connected to the other end of the second directional coupler 5；Described second orientation
One end output of bonder 5 is followed by balanced detector 9 by first annular device the 6, second dispersive medium the 8, second circulator 7
"-" port, other end output is followed by balanced detector 9 by second circulator the 7, second dispersive medium 8, first annular device 6
"+" port；The input of the output termination electronic analogue-to-digital converter 10 of described balanced detector 9.
Described mode-locked laser 1 is for the ultrashort light pulse produced, through the GVD of the first dispersive medium 2, lead-in
Property is warbled, and the mapping relations of m-wavelength during formation make optical pulse broadening；The first directional coupler 3 is passed through in the light pulse of pre-broadening
Being divided into two-way, digitized microwave signal is modulated in light pulse by double-parallel modulator of leading up to, and another road is as reference light；
Two-way light pulse is separated into two-way after being interfered by the second directional coupler, leads up to first annular device the 6, second dispersion
With the detection of the "-" port of balanced detector 9 after medium the 8, second circulator 7, separately lead up to the and circulator the 7, second color
After dispersion media 8, first annular device 6 with balanced detector 9 "+" port detection；The signal of last balanced detector output passes through
Electronic analogue-to-digital converter 10 is sampled and quantifies.
Beneficial effects of the present invention is, utilizes the carrier suppressed modulation of double-parallel modulator, had both inhibited the DC terms of output signal,
Increase detector sensitivity, effectively eliminate again all of even-order harmonic distortion, improve system linearity degree；By adopting
With the optimal Coupling power ratio of double-parallel modulator, microwave signal power coupling ratio, in conjunction with modulated signal and reference signal
Interfere and the mode of balance detection, eliminate triple-frequency harmonics and third order intermodulation distortion simultaneously, be effectively improved the signal to noise and distortion of system
Ratio and number of significant digit, it is achieved that the linearisation of microwave signal time-stretching A/D conversion system.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is a kind of apparatus structure schematic diagram improving the microwave signal time-stretching linearity.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of double-parallel modulator in linearisation optical event modulus in tension converting system.
Fig. 3 is by after 5GHz single-point frequency microwave signal stretching 10 times, uses traditional linear bias push-pull MZM with straight
Connect the system output signal spectrogram of detecting structure.
Fig. 4 is by after 5GHz single-point frequency microwave signal stretching 10 times, uses the double-parallel modulator of the present invention to combine balance detection
The system output signal spectrogram of method.
Fig. 5 is to use traditional linear bias push-pull MZM and direct detection structure to 5GHz and 6GHz two-tone signal
Spectrogram after stretching 10 times.
Fig. 6 is that the double-parallel modulator using the present invention combines the structure of balance detection method to 5GHz and 6GHz two-tone signal
Spectrogram after stretching 10 times.
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention is described in detail by knot and drawings and Examples below.
In system construction drawing as shown in Figure 1, the ultrashort light pulse that described mode-locked laser 1 produces, through the first dispersion
After medium 2, form the linear chrip light pulse that wavelength is corresponding with the time, make optical pulse broadening.In described structure, if first
Dispersive medium 2 and the second dispersive medium 8 are dispersion compensating fiber, in addition, it is also possible to select linear chirp optical fiber grating and
The medium that the Insertion Loss such as photonic crystal fiber are less, dispersion values is bigger.Pulse after pre-broadening is divided into by the first directional coupler 3
Two-way a: road connects double-parallel modulator 4, double-parallel modulator will treat that digitized microwave signal is modulated at chirped optical pulse
Envelope on formed modulated signal；Another road exports as reference signal.Modulated signal and reference signal input the second orientation respectively
Two ports of bonder 5；The two-way output signal of described second directional coupler 5, one route a end of first annular device 6
Mouthful entering, b port goes out, and after the second dispersive medium 8, light pulse carrier wave and the microwave signal being modulated in pulse are synchronization drawn
Stretching, draw ratio is
M=(D1+D2)/D1 (1)
Wherein D1It is the total dispersion amount of the first dispersive medium 2, D2It is the total dispersion amount of the second dispersive medium 8, now microwave signal
Speed is lowered by M times, then enters through the b port of the second circulator 7, and c port goes out, and then inputs the "-" of balanced detector
Port, is converted to the signal of telecommunication；And another road is the most full symmetric, a port of the second circulator 7 entering, b port goes out, logical
After crossing the second dispersive medium 8, the b port of first annular device 6 entering, c port goes out, input balanced detector "+" port is complete
Become opto-electronic conversion；Balanced detector 9 by "+" two photodetectors of "-" port and between subtractor realize.Finally,
The linearizing signal of balanced detector output is input in high precision electro sub-adc converter 10 sample and quantify.
1 × 2 bonder Coupling power ratio of described double-parallel modulator 4, input and outfan is 88.9% and 11.1%.
π phase shift fixed by upper and lower two branch roads, and the MZM on branch road all uses push-pull type (push-pull) to drive, and is all biased at π,
I.e. null point, so bias voltage V1=V2=π.And the microwave signal homophase loaded, power ratio is 1: 2, i.e. V2(t)=2V1(t)。
Assume IenvThe output photoelectric stream of carrier wave when () is unmodulated signal t.For small signal approximation situation (m ＜ ＜ 1), then balance spy
Surveying device output photoelectric stream I (t) is
Wherein cos2α and sin2α is the branch road optical power ratio up and down of manipulator input 1 × 2 bonder, cos2β and sin2β is manipulator
The branch road optical power ratio up and down of outfan 1 × 2 bonder, γ is the power that manipulator upper and lower branch road modulator loads microwave signal
Ratio, m is the index of modulation,The phase shift caused for dispersion, wherein β2、L2It is respectively GVD
Coefficient and the length of second segment dispersion compensating fiber, ωRFFor loading the angular frequency of microwave signal.
Visible, described double-parallel modulator carrier suppressed modulation and balance detection structure achieve the stretching of microwave signal M times, frequently
Rate is reduced for original 1/M, and inhibits DC terms, improves detector sensitivity.In addition, effectively inhibit
Even-order harmonic item, improves system linearity degree, adds the number of significant digit of system.In order to eliminate three order harmonicses, can by (2) formula
, as tan α tan β=γ3Time, triple-frequency harmonics is eliminated.When
cos2α=cos2β=0.889 (3)
sin2α=sin2β=0.111 (4)
γ=0.5 (5)
SFDR SFDR3/2Taking maximum, now number of significant digit is maximized.
For two-tone modulation situation, V1(t)=m [cos (ω1t)+cos(ω2T)], V2(t)=2m [cos (ω1t)+cos(ω2T)], wherein ω1、
ω2Be respectively the angular frequency of two microwave signals, then balanced detector output photoelectric stream I (t) is
Wherein,When meeting tan α tan β=γ3Time, third order intermodulation term coefficient is zero.Illustrate to meet condition (3) extremely
(5), time, the third order intermodulation of system, triple-frequency harmonics and all even-order harmonic distortions can be effectively suppressed.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with Fig. 1, as a example by Matlab software emulation result, further illustrate the present invention.
The present embodiment light source uses passive mode-locking fiber laser, if the centre wavelength of its output optical pulse is 1555nm, pulsewidth
For 210fs, after the dispersion compensating fiber 2 of input 1.3km, owing to dispersion interaction forms the mapping of wavelength and time, output lead
Property chirped optical pulse.Then, access two directional couplers 3 and 5, and double-parallel modulator 4 is connected on two directional couplers
Upper branch road, two lower port of directional coupler 3 and 5 are joined directly together.By propping up up and down of the input and output of double-parallel modulator 4
Road power ratio is disposed as 88.9% and 11.1%, and by the power ratio of 1: 2, the microwave signal of 5GHz is carried in upper and lower two respectively
Individual MZM modulator, and two manipulators are all biased at π, the index of modulation is set to 0.1.Then, directional coupler 5
Two outfans connect a port of circulator 6 and 7 respectively, and b port connects the two ends of dispersion compensating fiber 8 respectively, modulation
After light pulse by guiding from two directions by the dispersion compensating fiber 8 of a length of 11.7km according to circulator, formula (1) calculate
The draw ratio of the system of obtaining is 10.Then, the optical signal after the c port output stretching of circulator 6 and 7, then input is flat respectively
The positive and negative port of weighing apparatus detector 9 does difference processing.Finally, with the linearisation of 10 balanced detector outputs of electronic analogue-to-digital converter
Rear signal is sampled and quantifies, it is achieved the digitized of analogue signal.
In order to observe the effect of optimization of the inventive method, utilize the light source in this example, dispersive medium parameter, emulate with Matlab
Use traditional single linear bias push-pull MZM and direct detection structure, obtain the frequency after the stretching of 5GHz microwave signal
Spectrum is Fig. 3, it is seen then that after direct detection, output signal exists obvious direct current (DC), second harmonic (2 ω), triple-frequency harmonics (3 ω)
Component, and less four times (4 ω), quintuple harmonics (5 ω).And use the modulation of double-parallel modulator suppressed carrier and balance detection
After structure, signal output spectrum such as Fig. 4 after stretching, it is seen then that direct current signal is totally constrained, and secondary, three times, four times humorous
Ripple is all eliminated.Illustrate that this method and device can effectively suppress low order harmonics and DC component, both can improve system linear degree,
The sensitivity of detection can be improved again.
In order to verify the method effect of optimization to third order intermodulation distortion, on the basis of above-mentioned simulation parameter, by single-point frequency 5GHz
Signal changes two-tone signal 5GHz and 6GHz input into.It is similarly obtained, uses traditional push-pull MZM and direct detection
During method, after output stretching, the frequency spectrum of signal is Fig. 5, and the output signal spectrum of employing the inventive method is Fig. 6.Comparison diagram
5 and Fig. 6 understand, this method and device except can effectively suppress DC component (DC), second harmonic (2 ω1、2ω2), three times humorous
Ripple (3 ω1、3ω2) outside component, it is also possible to eliminate third order intermodulation (2 ω1-ω2、2ω2-ω1、2ω1+ω2、2ω2+ω1) and secondary intermodulation
(ω1+ω2、ω2-ω1) component, largely Shangdi reduces the non-linear of system, improves sinad ratio, dynamic range and has
Effect figure place, and Reflection Optical Thin Film time-stretching system can be applied to.
From instantiation, the present invention proposes a kind of method and device improving the microwave signal time-stretching linearity, its tool
Have the advantage that broadband, linearisation are effective, be realize broadband, high sampling rate, high number of significant digit optics TS-ADC effective
Approach, has broad application prospects.
It is further to note that the present invention is not limited to the detail in above-mentioned embodiment, at the Principle Method of the present invention
In the range of multiple simplification, modification belong to the protection content of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. the method improving the microwave signal time-stretching linearity, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
A. the chirped optical pulse directional coupler branch that will be obtained by effect of dispersion, double-parallel modulator of leading up to will be waited to count
The microwave signal of word is modulated on chirped optical pulse, and a road is as reference signal；
B. utilize the second directional coupler to be interfered with reference signal by the chirped optical pulse after modulation, then divide two-way to export, often
One tunnel output signal exports after dispersion time-stretching again；
C. the signal of output in step b is balanced detection, then completes analog digital conversion with electronic analogue-to-digital converter.
A kind of method improving the microwave signal time-stretching linearity the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step
B's method particularly includes:
First outfan output signal of the second directional coupler is after dispersive medium, and draw ratio M is
M=(D1+D2)/D1, wherein, D1The total dispersion amount of dispersive medium, D is used for effect of dispersion in step a2For dispersion in step b
The total dispersion amount of medium；Another outfan output signal exports after identical dispersive medium, and this two-way output signal has
Correlation properties.
3. the device improving the microwave signal time-stretching linearity, it is characterised in that including: mode-locked laser (1),
One dispersive medium (2), the first directional coupler (3), the second directional coupler (5), double-parallel modulator (4), the first ring
Shape device (6), the second circulator (7), the second dispersive medium (8), balanced detector (9), electronic analogue-to-digital converter (10)；
The outfan of described mode-locked laser (1) passes sequentially through the first dispersive medium (2) and the first directional coupler (3), described
First directional coupler divides two-way to export, and first output port connects double-parallel modulator (4) and the second directional coupler (5)
First input end, and second output port connects the second input of the second directional coupler (5)；Described second directional couple
First output of device (5) terminates the first port of first annular device (6), and the second port of first annular device passes through the second dispersion
Medium (8) is followed by the second port of the second circulator (7), and the 3rd port of first annular device connects the of balanced detector (9)
One input, the first port of second output termination the second circulator of the second directional coupler, the 3rd port of the second circulator
Connect the second input of balanced detector；The input of output termination electronic analogue-to-digital converter (10) of described balanced detector (9)
End；
The input and output Coupling power ratio of described double-parallel modulator (4) is 88.9% and 11.1%, between two parallel legs
Fixing π phase shift, the push-pull type Mach on two branch roads increases Dare manipulator and is all biased at π, and the microwave signal homophase of loading,
Power ratio is 1: 2；
Described mode-locked laser (1) is used for producing ultrashort light pulse, and the GVD through the first dispersive medium (2) is made
With, introducing linear chrip, during formation, the mapping relations of m-wavelength, make optical pulse broadening；Described double-parallel modulator (4)
For treating that digitized microwave signal is modulated at the envelope of chirped optical pulse；Described balanced detector (9) by with input
Port connect two photodetectors and between subtractor realize.
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| CN106226973A (en) * | 2016-10-18 | 2016-12-14 | 成都卓力致远科技有限公司 | A kind of broadband linear optical event modulus in tension conversion method and device |
| CN106533566A (en) * | 2016-11-21 | 2017-03-22 | 华中科技大学 | Method for improving linearity of directly modulated microwave photonic link based on push-pull structure and compensation algorithm |
| CN106647102A (en) * | 2016-12-27 | 2017-05-10 | 南京航空航天大学 | Ultra high-speed digital-to-analogue conversion method and device based on optical time domain compression |
| CN108918092A (en) * | 2018-05-23 | 2018-11-30 | 电子科技大学 | Electro-optic intensity modulator amplitude-frequency characteristic measurement method and device based on Optical Sampling |
| CN110048782A (en) * | 2019-05-15 | 2019-07-23 | 中国电子科技集团公司第三十四研究所 | A kind of intensity modulated directly detects the even-order harmonic in link and inhibits system |
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| CN108572142B (en) * | 2017-03-09 | 2020-09-22 | 清华大学 | Optical computing optical coherent imaging system with high signal-to-noise ratio |
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| CN106226973A (en) * | 2016-10-18 | 2016-12-14 | 成都卓力致远科技有限公司 | A kind of broadband linear optical event modulus in tension conversion method and device |
| CN106533566A (en) * | 2016-11-21 | 2017-03-22 | 华中科技大学 | Method for improving linearity of directly modulated microwave photonic link based on push-pull structure and compensation algorithm |
| CN106533566B (en) * | 2016-11-21 | 2019-04-12 | 华中科技大学 | The straight method for adjusting the microwave photon link linearity is improved with backoff algorithm based on recommending |
| CN106647102A (en) * | 2016-12-27 | 2017-05-10 | 南京航空航天大学 | Ultra high-speed digital-to-analogue conversion method and device based on optical time domain compression |
| CN106647102B (en) * | 2016-12-27 | 2019-05-24 | 南京航空航天大学 | Ultrahigh speed digital-analog convertion method and device based on optical time domain compression |
| CN108572142B (en) * | 2017-03-09 | 2020-09-22 | 清华大学 | Optical computing optical coherent imaging system with high signal-to-noise ratio |
| CN108918092A (en) * | 2018-05-23 | 2018-11-30 | 电子科技大学 | Electro-optic intensity modulator amplitude-frequency characteristic measurement method and device based on Optical Sampling |
| CN108918092B (en) * | 2018-05-23 | 2020-05-01 | 电子科技大学 | Method and device for measuring amplitude-frequency characteristics of electro-optic intensity modulator based on optical sampling |
| CN110071767A (en) * | 2019-04-03 | 2019-07-30 | 电子科技大学 | One kind stretching down coversion microwave signal frequency measuring method and device based on finite time |
| CN110048782A (en) * | 2019-05-15 | 2019-07-23 | 中国电子科技集团公司第三十四研究所 | A kind of intensity modulated directly detects the even-order harmonic in link and inhibits system |
| CN110048782B (en) * | 2019-05-15 | 2024-05-28 | 中国电子科技集团公司第三十四研究所 | Even harmonic suppression system in intensity modulation direct detection link |
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Application publication date: 20160810 |