CN115001168A - Optical fiber energy transmission energy management system for electronic sensor - Google Patents

Optical fiber energy transmission energy management system for electronic sensor Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115001168A
CN115001168A CN202210930177.6A CN202210930177A CN115001168A CN 115001168 A CN115001168 A CN 115001168A CN 202210930177 A CN202210930177 A CN 202210930177A CN 115001168 A CN115001168 A CN 115001168A
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China
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energy
pin
energy management
chip
sensor
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CN202210930177.6A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
韩旭东
杨方
翟桐
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Beijing Jingcheng Hengchuang Technology Co ltd
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Beijing Jingcheng Hengchuang Technology Co ltd
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Priority to CN202210930177.6A priority Critical patent/CN115001168A/en
Publication of CN115001168A publication Critical patent/CN115001168A/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/30—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using light, e.g. lasers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D21/00—Measuring or testing not otherwise provided for
    • G01D21/02—Measuring two or more variables by means not covered by a single other subclass
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
    • G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
    • G05B19/04—Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers
    • G05B19/042—Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers using digital processors
    • G05B19/0423—Input/output
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0063—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with circuits adapted for supplying loads from the battery
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
    • H02J7/345—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering using capacitors as storage or buffering devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
    • H02J7/35—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering with light sensitive cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/06—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using resistors or capacitors, e.g. potential divider
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2207/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J2207/20—Charging or discharging characterised by the power electronics converter
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides an optical fiber energy transmission energy management system for an electronic sensor, which comprises: the input end of the photoelectric conversion unit is connected with the energy transmission optical fiber, and the photoelectric conversion unit is used for converting the received optical signal into an electric signal; the input end of the energy management unit is connected with the output end of the photoelectric conversion unit, and the energy management unit is used for carrying out maximum power point tracking on the photoelectric conversion unit; the input end of the energy storage unit is connected with the output end of the energy management unit, and the energy storage unit is used for storing the electric energy output by the photoelectric conversion unit; the electronic sensing unit comprises a power management circuit, a microcontroller, a booster circuit and a sensor, wherein the power management circuit is connected with the energy management unit, the power management circuit is used for modulating the voltage output by the energy management unit into stable voltage, the microcontroller is connected with the power management circuit, the booster circuit and the sensor, and the microcontroller is used for controlling the working states of the booster circuit and the sensor.

Description

Optical fiber energy transmission energy management system for electronic sensor
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of optical fiber energy transmission, in particular to an optical fiber energy transmission energy management system for an electronic sensor.
Background
With the progress of microelectronic technology, computing technology, communication technology and the like, the rapid development of electronic sensors is promoted. The electronic sensor has the advantages of low cost, small volume, strong expansibility, low energy consumption and the like, and is widely applied to the fields of environment monitoring and forecasting, health care, intelligent home, building state monitoring, urban traffic and the like. The electronic sensor fuses a logical information world and an objective physical world together, so that the interaction mode of human beings and the nature is changed; people can directly perceive the objective world through an electronic sensor, thereby greatly expanding the functions of the existing network and the ability of human beings to know the world.
The optical fiber energy transmission technology is a photoelectric conversion process for directly converting optical energy into electric energy through a photovoltaic effect, and aims to convert laser energy transmitted at a far end into electric energy as much as possible and output the electric energy to an electronic terminal for use. With the application scenarios of the optical fiber energy transmission system becoming rich, the related application scenarios include various low-power consumption sensor terminals and a part of large-power consumption devices, and thus the requirements for power output and energy storage of the optical fiber energy transmission system are also increasing. The existing optical fiber energy transmission system generally has the problems that tiny light energy cannot be effectively collected and the storage efficiency is low, and particularly under the long-distance transmission scene, the problem is more obvious. Therefore, for the optical fiber energy transmission system for the electronic sensor, how to effectively supply energy to the electronic sensor with low power consumption is an urgent technical problem to be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
Accordingly, the present invention is directed to an optical fiber energy management system for an electronic sensor to solve one or more of the problems of the prior art.
In accordance with one aspect of the present invention, there is disclosed an optical fiber energy delivery energy management system for an electronic sensor, the system comprising:
the input end of the photoelectric conversion unit is connected with the energy transmission optical fiber, and the photoelectric conversion unit is used for converting the received optical signal into an electric signal;
the input end of the energy management unit is connected with the output end of the photoelectric conversion unit, and the energy management unit is used for carrying out maximum power point tracking on the photoelectric conversion unit;
the input end of the energy storage unit is connected with the output end of the energy management unit, and the energy storage unit is used for storing the electric energy output by the photoelectric conversion unit;
electronic sensing unit, including power management circuit, microcontroller, boost circuit and sensor, power management circuit with the energy management unit is connected, power management circuit be used for with the voltage modulation of energy management unit output is steady voltage, microcontroller with power management circuit, boost circuit and sensor are all connected, microcontroller is used for control the operating condition of boost circuit and sensor.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the power management circuit includes a first voltage stabilization chip and a second voltage stabilization chip, an input end of the first voltage stabilization chip is connected to an output end of the energy management unit, an output end of the first voltage stabilization chip is connected to an input end of the microcontroller, an output end of the microcontroller is connected to an input end of the second voltage stabilization chip, an output end of the second voltage stabilization chip is connected to an input end of the voltage boost circuit, and an output end of the voltage boost circuit is connected to an input end of the sensor.
In some embodiments of the invention, the first and second voltage regulation chips are both LDO voltage regulation chips;
a CE pin and a VIN pin of a first LDO voltage stabilizing chip are both connected with an output end of the energy management unit, a first capacitor is arranged between a VSS pin of the first LDO voltage stabilizing chip and the output end of the energy management unit, a VOUT pin of the first LDO voltage stabilizing chip is connected with an input end of the microcontroller, and a second capacitor is arranged between the VOUT pin of the first LDO voltage stabilizing chip and a ground end;
the CE pin of the second LDO voltage stabilizing chip is connected with the output end of the microcontroller, the VIN pin of the second LDO voltage stabilizing chip is connected with the output end of the energy management unit, the VSS pin of the second LDO voltage stabilizing chip is connected with a third capacitor between the output end of the energy management unit, the VOUT pin of the second LDO voltage stabilizing chip is connected with the input end of the boosting circuit, the VOUT pin of the second LDO voltage stabilizing chip is provided with a fourth capacitor with the grounding end, and the VOUT pin of the second LDO voltage stabilizing chip is connected with a fifth capacitor in parallel connection between the boosting circuit.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the first capacitor, the second capacitor, the third capacitor and the fourth capacitor each have a capacitance of 1 μ F, and each of the fifth capacitors has a capacitance of 100 nF.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the boost circuit includes a boost chip, an inductor, a diode, a first resistor, a second resistor, a third resistor, and a sixth capacitor;
the VIN pin and the EN pin of the boosting chip are both connected with the VOUT pin of the second LDO voltage stabilization chip, the VIN pin and the SW pin of the boosting chip are respectively connected with two ends of the inductor, the SW pin of the boosting chip is also connected with the anode of the diode, the cathode of the diode is connected with the anode of the first resistor and one end of the fifth capacitor, the first resistor is connected with the second resistor in series, the cathode of the second resistor is connected with the FB pin of the boosting chip, the FB pin is also connected with the anode of the third resistor, and the cathode of the third resistor and the other end of the sixth capacitor are both connected with the grounding end.
In some embodiments of the invention, the first resistor has a resistance of 100 kilo-ohms, the second resistor has a resistance of 91 kilo-ohms, and the third resistor has a resistance of 10 kilo-ohms.
In some embodiments of the invention, the energy management unit comprises an ADP5091 or ADP5092 power management chip.
In some embodiments of the invention, the sensor is one or more of a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, an air pressure sensor, a light intensity sensor, and a wind speed sensor.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the energy storage unit comprises a super capacitor, and the capacity of the super capacitor is 0.001F-5F.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the photoelectric conversion unit includes an InGaAs photodiode, and the central wavelength of the signal light transmitted by the energy transmission fiber is 1450 to 1550 nm.
The optical fiber energy transmission energy management system for the electronic sensor tracks the maximum power output point voltage of the photoelectric conversion unit through the energy management unit, ensures that the photoelectric conversion unit can continuously output the maximum power, and further performs high-efficiency boosting and storage; when the optical power of the electric energy output by the photoelectric conversion unit stored in the energy storage unit is weak and cannot meet the energy consumption requirement of instantaneous explosion of the electronic sensing unit during operation, the micro-energy stored in the storage unit can meet the energy consumption requirement of instantaneous explosion of a primary electronic sensor node; the optical fiber energy transmission energy management system can effectively supply energy to the electronic sensor with low power consumption.
Additional advantages, objects, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and in part will become apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned from practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention will be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and claims hereof as well as the appended drawings.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the objects and advantages that can be achieved with the present invention are not limited to the specific details set forth above, and that these and other objects that can be achieved with the present invention will be more clearly understood from the detailed description that follows.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention. The components in the figures are not necessarily to scale, emphasis instead being placed upon illustrating the principles of the invention. For purposes of illustrating and describing some portions of the present invention, corresponding parts of the drawings may be exaggerated, i.e., may be larger, relative to other components in an exemplary apparatus actually manufactured according to the present invention. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical fiber energy transmission energy management system for an electronic sensor according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic sensing unit according to an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram of a circuit related to a first LDO regulator chip according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram of a circuit related to a second LDO regulator chip according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a circuit diagram of a boosting circuit according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic circuit diagram of an energy management unit according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 7 is a flow chart of energy conversion of the optical fiber energy transmission energy management system for the electronic sensor according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the embodiments of the present invention are further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The exemplary embodiments and descriptions of the present invention are provided to explain the present invention, but not to limit the present invention.
It should be noted that, in order to avoid obscuring the present invention with unnecessary details, only the structures and/or processing steps closely related to the scheme according to the present invention are shown in the drawings, and other details not closely related to the present invention are omitted.
It should be emphasized that the term "comprises/comprising/comprises/having" when used herein, is taken to specify the presence of stated features, elements, steps or components, but does not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, elements, steps or components.
The conventional optical fiber energy transmission system generally has the problems that tiny light energy cannot be effectively collected and the storage efficiency is low, and particularly under a long-distance transmission scene, the problem is more obvious; therefore, for the optical fiber energy transmission system applied to the electronic sensor, how to solve the problems of effective collection and low storage efficiency of tiny light energy becomes a technical problem to be urgently solved in the development of the optical fiber energy transmission technology. Therefore, in order to effectively supply energy to the electronic sensor with low power consumption, the invention provides an optical fiber energy transmission energy management system for the electronic sensor.
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In the drawings, the same reference numerals denote the same or similar parts, or the same or similar steps.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical fiber energy transmission energy management system for an electronic sensor according to an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 1, the energy management system at least includes a photoelectric conversion unit 110, an energy management unit 120, an energy storage unit 130, and an electronic sensing unit 140. The input end of the photoelectric conversion unit 110 is used for connecting with an energy transmission optical fiber, and the photoelectric conversion unit 110 is used for converting a received optical signal into an electrical signal; the input end of the energy management unit 120 is connected to the output end of the photoelectric conversion unit 110, the output end of the energy management unit 120 is connected to both the input end of the energy storage unit 130 and the input end of the electronic sensing unit 140, and the energy management unit 120 is configured to perform maximum power point tracking on the photoelectric conversion unit 110, so as to track the maximum output power point voltage value of the photoelectric conversion unit 110, and lock the voltage value for continuous and efficient conversion and output. The energy storage unit 130 is configured to store the electric energy output by the photoelectric conversion unit 110; when the voltage of the energy storage unit 130 reaches or exceeds the upper voltage threshold, the energy management unit 120 causes the energy storage unit 130 to supply power to the electronic sensing unit 140, and when the voltage of the energy storage unit 130 is lower than the lower voltage threshold, the energy management unit 120 causes the energy storage unit 130 to stop supplying power to the electronic sensing unit 140. In this embodiment, the electronic sensing unit 140 is a load part, and mainly consumes the energy stored in the energy storage unit 130.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the electronic sensing unit 140 according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2, the electronic sensing unit 140 mainly includes a power management circuit 201, a microcontroller 203, a voltage boost circuit 202, and an electronic sensor 204, the power management circuit 201 is connected to the energy management unit 120, the power management circuit 201 is configured to modulate a voltage output by the energy management unit 120 into a stable voltage, the microcontroller 203 is connected to the power management circuit 201, the voltage boost circuit 202, and the electronic sensor 204, and the microcontroller 203 is configured to control operating states of the voltage boost circuit 202 and the electronic sensor 204. Specifically, the microcontroller 203 collects the voltage value of the energy storage unit 130 after the sleep cycle is ended, determines whether the electric energy of the energy storage unit is sufficient, and enters the sleep state again to wait for the energy storage unit 130 to store energy continuously if the electric energy of the energy storage unit is insufficient, and turns on the power management circuit 201 to provide energy for the booster circuit 202 and the electronic sensor 204 if the electric energy of the energy storage unit is sufficient; when the microcontroller 203 finishes collecting the instruction, the power management circuit 201 is turned off, so that the electronic sensing unit 140 enters a sleep state to wait for the next working cycle.
In this embodiment, the photoelectric conversion unit 110 converts the optical energy transmitted by the energy transmission fiber into electrical energy, and the energy management unit 120 performs maximum power point tracking on the photoelectric conversion unit 110 to convert the weak optical energy output by the energy transmission fiber into appropriate direct current voltage (electrical energy) and store the appropriate direct current voltage (electrical energy) in the energy storage unit 130; and the energy management unit further controls the energy storage unit 130 to supply power to the electronic sensing unit 140 when the voltage stored in the energy storage unit 130 reaches or exceeds the upper voltage threshold, and stops supplying power to the electronic sensing unit 140 when the voltage stored in the energy storage unit 130 is lower than the lower voltage threshold. The microcontroller 203, the power management circuit 201 and the boost circuit 202 in the electronic sensing unit 140 realize effective control of the working state of the electronic sensor 204, so that limited energy is reasonably utilized to realize low-power-consumption high-efficiency operation. The optical fiber energy transmission energy management system for the electronic sensor improves the output efficiency and the energy management efficiency of the optical fiber energy transmission system, realizes effective collection and utilization of micro light energy, greatly expands the application scene of the optical fiber energy transmission system, and enables the low-power-consumption electronic sensor 204 to obtain effective energy supply.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the power management circuit 201 includes a first voltage stabilization chip and a second voltage stabilization chip, an input end of the first voltage stabilization chip is connected to an output end of the energy management unit 120, an output end of the first voltage stabilization chip is connected to an input end of the microcontroller 203, an output end of the microcontroller 203 is connected to an input end of the second voltage stabilization chip, an output end of the second voltage stabilization chip is connected to an input end of the voltage boost circuit 202, and an output end of the voltage boost circuit 202 is connected to an input end of the sensor.
Illustratively, the first and second voltage regulation chips are both LDO voltage regulation chips, and the power management circuit 201 includes the first and second LDO voltage regulation chips at this time. Fig. 3 and 4 are schematic circuit diagrams of circuits related to the first LDO regulator chip and the second LDO regulator chip, respectively. As shown in fig. 3, the first LDO regulator chip has at least a CE pin, a VSS pin, a VIN pin, and a VOUT pin, and the related circuit of the first LDO regulator chip includes at least a first capacitor and a second capacitor; specifically, the CE pin of the first LDO voltage regulation chip is connected to the output end of the energy management unit 120, and the VIN pin of the first LDO voltage regulation chip is further converged to a point with the CE pin of the first LDO voltage regulation chip, and is further connected to the output end of the energy management unit 120, where the VCC 5V end in the circuit of fig. 3 corresponds to the output end of the energy management unit 120. A first capacitor is arranged between the VSS pin of the first LDO voltage regulation chip and the output end of the energy management unit 120, the VOUT pin of the first LDO voltage regulation chip is connected with the input end of the microcontroller 203, and a second capacitor is arranged between the VOUT pin of the first LDO voltage regulation chip and the ground end. One end of the first capacitor is connected with a VCC 5V end, the other end of the first capacitor is connected with a ground end GND, and at the moment, the VSS pin of the first LDO voltage stabilizing chip and the ground end of the first capacitor converge into a point, namely the VSS pin of the first LDO voltage stabilizing chip is also connected with the ground end GND; the output end of the VOUT pin in the circuit is an MCU VCC end, one end of the second capacitor is connected with the MCU VCC end at the moment, and the other end of the second capacitor is connected with a ground end GND. Illustratively, the first capacitor and the second capacitor may each have a capacitance of 1 μ F.
As shown in fig. 4, the second LDO regulator chip also has at least a CE pin, a VSS pin, a VIN pin, and a VOUT pin thereon, and the related circuit of the second LDO regulator chip further includes at least a third capacitor, a fourth capacitor, and a plurality of fifth capacitors. Specifically, the CE pin of the second LDO voltage stabilization chip is connected to the output end of the microcontroller 203, the VIN pin of the second LDO voltage stabilization chip is connected to the output end of the energy management unit 120, a third capacitor is disposed between the VSS pin of the second LDO voltage stabilization chip and the output end of the energy management unit 120, the third capacitor is similar to the first capacitor in fig. 3, one end of the third capacitor is connected to the VCC 5V terminal (the output end of the energy management unit 120), the other end of the third capacitor is connected to the GND terminal of the ground terminal, at this time, the VSS pin of the second LDO voltage stabilization chip and the ground terminal of the third capacitor converge to one point, that is, the VSS pin of the second LDO voltage stabilization chip is also connected to the ground terminal GND. A VOUT pin of the second LDO voltage regulation chip is connected with an input end of the boost circuit 202, and a plurality of fifth capacitors connected in parallel are further arranged between the VOUT pin of the second LDO voltage regulation chip and the boost circuit 202; the fourth capacitor is similar to the second capacitor in fig. 3, one end of the fourth capacitor is connected to the VOUT pin, and the other end of the fourth capacitor is connected to the ground terminal GNG.
In the circuit, the number of the fifth capacitors is five, at the moment, the five fifth capacitors are connected in parallel, one end of each fifth capacitor is connected with the VOUT pin of the second LDO voltage stabilizing chip, and the other end of each fifth capacitor is connected with the ground terminal GND. Further, the third capacitor and the fourth capacitor may each have a capacitance of 1 μ F, and the fifth capacitors may each have a capacitance of 100 nF. It should be understood that the capacitance of each capacitor listed above is only an example, and in other embodiments, the capacitance of the first capacitor, the second capacitor, the third capacitor, the fourth capacitor and the fifth capacitor can be set according to actual needs.
In this embodiment, the first LDO regulator chip and the second LDO regulator chip are cascaded to modulate the voltage output by the energy management unit 120 to a regulated voltage, specifically, the regulated voltage is 3.3 v. The previous stage of LDO regulator chip mainly provides operating voltage and energy for the microcontroller 203, and controls the enable end of the next stage of LDO regulator chip through the microcontroller 203, thereby further controlling the on/off of the boost circuit 202 and the sensor, reducing the power consumption of the electronic sensing unit 140 in the sleep state, and realizing effective utilization of micro energy.
Further, the energy storage unit 130 includes one or more parallel super capacitors, also called electrochemical capacitors, and electric double layer capacitors, which are electrochemical elements developed from the seventh and eighty years of the last century and store energy through polarized electrolyte, and have the outstanding advantages of high power density, short charge and discharge time, long cycle life, and wide working temperature range. The super capacitor can be charged to any potential within the rated voltage range and can be completely discharged; the super capacitor can be charged quickly and can be cycled repeatedly for tens of thousands of times; the working temperature range of the super capacitor is wide, the charging and discharging times are generally hundreds of times of those of a lithium battery, and the super capacitor is more suitable for an energy acquisition system with frequent charging and discharging, so that the super capacitor is suitable for replacing the lithium battery as the energy storage unit 130 of the system. Illustratively, the capacity of the super capacitor can be in the range of 0.001F-5F, and preferably, the capacity of the super capacitor is 0.047F. In one embodiment, the energy storage capacitor may be a lithium ion capacitor or an electrolytic capacitor.
Specifically, the energy management system can collect 0.5mW to 3.5mW of energy present during the fiber energy transmission process, so that the electronic sensing unit 140 can obtain an effective energy supply; meanwhile, the super capacitor is used as the energy storage unit 130, so that frequent charging and discharging can be realized, and the service life of the electronic sensing unit 140 is prolonged.
Fig. 5 is a circuit diagram of the boost circuit 202 according to an embodiment of the invention, and as shown in fig. 5, the boost circuit 202 includes a boost chip, an inductor, a diode, a first resistor, a second resistor, a third resistor, and a sixth capacitor. In addition, the boost chip is at least provided with a VIN pin, an EN pin, a GND pin, a SW pin and an FB pin; the VIN pin of the boost chip is connected with the VOUT pin of the second LDO voltage stabilization chip, the EN pin of the boost chip is also connected with the VOUT pin of the second LDO voltage stabilization chip, the inductor is positioned between the VIN pin and the SW pin of the boost chip or between the EN pin and the SW pin, in the circuit diagram, the EN pin of the boost chip and the VIN pin of the boost chip converge into a point, and the inductor is positioned between the intersection point of the EN pin and the VIN pin and the SW pin, namely the VIN pin and the SW pin of the boost chip are respectively connected with two ends of the inductor.
In addition, the SW pin of the boost chip is also connected with the anode of the diode, the cathode of the diode is connected with the anode of the first resistor and one end of the fifth capacitor, the first resistor is connected with the second resistor in series, the cathode of the second resistor is connected with the FB pin of the boost chip, the FB pin is also connected with the anode of the third resistor, and the cathode of the third resistor and the other end of the sixth capacitor are both connected with the grounding end. The negative pole of diode, the positive pole of first resistance and the one end of sixth electric capacity all are connected with the VOUT pin of second LDO regulator chip to make microcontroller 203 control boost circuit 202's break-make, and the negative pole of third resistance, the other end of sixth electric capacity all are connected with ground terminal GND.
In the schematic diagram of the boost circuit 202, the inductor may be a 22 μ H inductor, the first resistor has a resistance of 100 kilo-ohms, the second resistor has a resistance of 91 kilo-ohms, the third resistor has a resistance of 10 kilo-ohms, and the sixth capacitor may have a capacitance of 100 μ F or 22 μ F. Similarly, the specific parameter limits of the components are only examples, and in other embodiments, the components can be set according to the actual application. The boost circuit 202 in the energy management system is mainly used for providing a stable voltage of 12V for the sensor in the electronic sensing unit 140 to meet the rated working voltage of the sensor, so that the sensor has normal working conditions.
Fig. 6 is a schematic circuit diagram of the energy management unit 120 according to an embodiment of the invention, and as shown in fig. 6, the energy management unit 120 includes an ADP5091 or an ADP5092 power management chip. At the moment, the energy management unit 120 can realize high-efficiency conversion on the collected limited energy (in the range of 16 uW to 600 mW), and the working loss is in the level of sub-mu W; it utilizes an internal cold start circuit, the regulator can start at an input voltage as low as 380 mV; by detecting the input voltage, the control loop can limit the input voltage ripple to a fixed range, thereby maintaining stable DC-DC boost conversion. Under the OCV dynamic detection mode and the non-detection mode, the programmed adjusting point of the input voltage allows the energy of the collector to be extracted to the maximum extent; the protection of the energy storage unit 130 is achieved by setting a resistance programmable charge cutoff voltage and discharge cutoff voltage to monitor the battery voltage. In the present embodiment, the charge cut-off voltage is set to 5V, the discharge cut-off voltage is set to 2.5V, and the voltage at the output end is kept consistent with the voltage of the energy storage unit 130.
Further, the sensor in the present invention is a micro watt power consumption sensor or a milliwatt power consumption sensor, and specifically, the electronic sensing unit 140 in the energy management system includes one or more of a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, an air pressure sensor, a light intensity sensor, and a wind speed sensor.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the central wavelength of the signal light transmitted by the energy transmission fiber is 1450nm to 1560nm, and the photoelectric conversion unit 110 is configured to convert the received optical signal with the central wavelength of 1450nm to 1550nm into an electrical signal for output. The photoelectric conversion unit 110 includes at least one PN junction therein. In an actual working process, the photoelectric conversion unit 110 is connected with the energy transfer fiber, so that laser light transmitted by the energy transfer fiber is directly incident on a PN junction in the photoelectric conversion unit 110 to perform photoelectric conversion, thereby realizing conversion from optical energy to electrical energy. When the incident light power of the photoelectric conversion unit 110 is 0.5mW to 3.5mW, the highest open circuit value that the photoelectric conversion unit 110 can output is typically 0.5V.
In another embodiment, the photoelectric conversion unit 110 comprises an InGaAs photodetector diode, which is effective in the wavelength range of 800-1700nm, can receive a maximum optical power of 3.5mW, and can realize effective conversion of optical power energy of 0.5mW to 3.5mW and store the energy in the energy storage unit 130 through the energy management unit 120. Therefore, the optical fiber energy transmission energy management system for the electronic sensor realizes effective management and storage of tiny energy.
Fig. 7 is a flowchart of an energy conversion process of an optical fiber energy transmission energy management system for an electronic sensor according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 7, in the energy conversion process of the optical fiber energy transmission energy management system, firstly, the photoelectric conversion unit 110 converts light energy in an energy transmission optical fiber into electric energy and outputs the electric energy to the energy management unit 120, and the energy management unit 120 collects and stores the energy in a super capacitor. When the super capacitor is in a charging state, each component of the electronic sensing unit 140 is in a low power consumption mode, at this time, the electric energy converted by the photoelectric conversion unit 110 is transmitted and stored into the super capacitor, the node sensor wakes up the energy management unit 120 every predetermined time in the low power consumption mode through the microcontroller 203 to monitor the voltage of the pins at both ends of the energy storage capacitor, when the voltage at both ends of the pins of the energy storage capacitor is monitored to reach a discharging threshold, the super capacitor is in a discharging state, at this time, the sensor node is in an operation mode, the super capacitor of the node sensor and the photoelectric conversion unit 110 simultaneously acquire energy, and when the electronic sensor 204 finishes the operation mode, the sensor node is in the low power consumption mode, and the super capacitor starts to charge.
Through the embodiment, the optical fiber energy transmission energy management system for the electronic sensor tracks the maximum power output point voltage of the photoelectric conversion unit through the energy management unit, so that the photoelectric conversion unit can continuously output the maximum power, and high-efficiency boosting and storage are realized. The power management system can not only directly supply power to the photoelectric conversion unit and the electronic sensing unit, but also supply redundant electric energy to the energy storage unit. Therefore, when the optical power is weak and cannot meet the energy consumption requirement of instantaneous explosion when the electronic sensing node operates, the input energy is smaller than the expenditure energy, and the micro energy accumulated and stored for a long time can be used for meeting the energy consumption requirement of one instantaneous explosion, so that the low-power electronic sensor can be effectively supplied with energy. The optical fiber energy transmission energy management system for the electronic sensor can effectively collect and store tiny light energy in the optical fiber energy transmission system, and does not need maintenance such as manual battery replacement, charging and the like, so that the service life of an electronic sensing unit is prolonged, and the energy supply problem of the electronic sensing unit is solved.
It should also be noted that the exemplary embodiments mentioned in this patent describe some methods or systems based on a series of steps or devices. However, the present invention is not limited to the order of the above steps, that is, the steps may be performed in the order mentioned in the embodiments, may be performed in an order different from the order in the embodiments, or may be performed at the same time.
Features that are described and/or illustrated with respect to one embodiment may be used in the same way or in a similar way in one or more other embodiments and/or in combination with or instead of the features of the other embodiments in the present invention.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made to the embodiment of the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. An optical fiber energy transmission energy management system for an electronic sensor, the system comprising:
the input end of the photoelectric conversion unit is connected with the energy transmission optical fiber, and the photoelectric conversion unit is used for converting the received optical signal into an electric signal;
the input end of the energy management unit is connected with the output end of the photoelectric conversion unit, and the energy management unit is used for carrying out maximum power point tracking on the photoelectric conversion unit;
the input end of the energy storage unit is connected with the output end of the energy management unit, and the energy storage unit is used for storing the electric energy output by the photoelectric conversion unit;
electronic sensing unit, including power management circuit, microcontroller, boost circuit and sensor, power management circuit with the energy management unit is connected, power management circuit be used for with the voltage modulation of energy management unit output is steady voltage, microcontroller with power management circuit, boost circuit and sensor all connect, microcontroller is used for controlling the operating condition of boost circuit and sensor.
2. The fiber energy transmission energy management system for the electronic sensor according to claim 1, wherein the power management circuit comprises a first voltage stabilization chip and a second voltage stabilization chip, an input end of the first voltage stabilization chip is connected with an output end of the energy management unit, an output end of the first voltage stabilization chip is connected with an input end of the microcontroller, an output end of the microcontroller is connected with an input end of the second voltage stabilization chip, an output end of the second voltage stabilization chip is connected with an input end of the voltage boosting circuit, and an output end of the voltage boosting circuit is connected with an input end of the sensor.
3. The fiber optic energy transmission energy management system for the electronic sensor of claim 2, wherein the first and second voltage regulation chips are both LDO voltage regulation chips;
a CE pin and a VIN pin of a first LDO voltage stabilizing chip are both connected with an output end of the energy management unit, a first capacitor is arranged between a VSS pin of the first LDO voltage stabilizing chip and the output end of the energy management unit, a VOUT pin of the first LDO voltage stabilizing chip is connected with an input end of the microcontroller, and a second capacitor is arranged between the VOUT pin of the first LDO voltage stabilizing chip and a grounding end;
the CE pin of the second LDO voltage stabilizing chip is connected with the output end of the microcontroller, the VIN pin of the second LDO voltage stabilizing chip is connected with the output end of the energy management unit, the VSS pin of the second LDO voltage stabilizing chip is connected with a third capacitor between the output end of the energy management unit, the VOUT pin of the second LDO voltage stabilizing chip is connected with the input end of the boosting circuit, the VOUT pin of the second LDO voltage stabilizing chip is provided with a fourth capacitor with the grounding end, and the VOUT pin of the second LDO voltage stabilizing chip is connected with a fifth capacitor in parallel connection between the boosting circuit.
4. The fiber optic energy transmission energy management system for electronic sensors of claim 3 wherein said first, second, third and fourth capacitors each have a capacitance of 1 μ F and each of said fifth capacitors has a capacitance of 100 nF.
5. The fiber optic energy transmission energy management system for electronic sensors of claim 3, wherein said boost circuit comprises a boost chip, an inductor, a diode, a first resistor, a second resistor, a third resistor, and a sixth capacitor;
the VIN pin and the EN pin of the boosting chip are both connected with the VOUT pin of the second LDO voltage stabilization chip, the VIN pin and the SW pin of the boosting chip are respectively connected with two ends of the inductor, the SW pin of the boosting chip is also connected with the anode of the diode, the cathode of the diode is connected with the anode of the first resistor and one end of the fifth capacitor, the first resistor is connected with the second resistor in series, the cathode of the second resistor is connected with the FB pin of the boosting chip, the FB pin is also connected with the anode of the third resistor, and the cathode of the third resistor and the other end of the sixth capacitor are both connected with the grounding end.
6. The fiber optic energy transmission energy management system for the electronic sensor of claim 5, wherein the first resistor has a resistance of 100 kilo-ohms, the second resistor has a resistance of 91 kilo-ohms, and the third resistor has a resistance of 10 kilo-ohms.
7. The fiber optic energy transmission energy management system for electronic sensors of claim 1, wherein the energy management unit comprises an ADP5091 or ADP5092 power management chip.
8. The fiber optic energy transmission energy management system for electronic sensors of claim 1, wherein the sensor is one or more of a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, an air pressure sensor, a light intensity sensor, and a wind speed sensor.
9. The fiber optic energy transmission energy management system for electronic sensors of claim 1, wherein the energy storage unit comprises a super capacitor having a capacity of 0.001F-5F.
10. The fiber optic energy transmission energy management system for the electronic sensor according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the photoelectric conversion unit comprises an InGaAs photodiode, and the central wavelength of the signal light transmitted by the energy transmission fiber is 1450 to 1550 nm.
CN202210930177.6A 2022-08-04 2022-08-04 Optical fiber energy transmission energy management system for electronic sensor Pending CN115001168A (en)

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN201860261U (en) * 2010-07-14 2011-06-08 Tcl通力电子（惠州）有限公司 Boost circuit
CN103139936A (en) * 2013-01-18 2013-06-05 西北农林科技大学 Energy-self-feeding wireless sensor network node
CN113783318A (en) * 2021-11-11 2021-12-10 北京邮电大学 Energy management and storage system suitable for optical fiber energy transmission
CN216084047U (en) * 2021-09-02 2022-03-18 广州大学 Renewable energy convergence demonstration system

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN201860261U (en) * 2010-07-14 2011-06-08 Tcl通力电子（惠州）有限公司 Boost circuit
CN103139936A (en) * 2013-01-18 2013-06-05 西北农林科技大学 Energy-self-feeding wireless sensor network node
CN216084047U (en) * 2021-09-02 2022-03-18 广州大学 Renewable energy convergence demonstration system
CN113783318A (en) * 2021-11-11 2021-12-10 北京邮电大学 Energy management and storage system suitable for optical fiber energy transmission

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