CN115000186A - Crystalline silicon solar cell substrate and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Crystalline silicon solar cell substrate and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 229910021419 crystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 77
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 77
- 239000005304 optical glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000002086 nanomaterial Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229910000906 Bronze Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- OHUPZDRTZNMIJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Cs].[W] Chemical compound [Cs].[W] OHUPZDRTZNMIJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000010974 bronze Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
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- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
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- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 12
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- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
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- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- GCLGEJMYGQKIIW-UHFFFAOYSA-H sodium hexametaphosphate Chemical compound [Na]OP1(=O)OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])O1 GCLGEJMYGQKIIW-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 4
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/02—Details
- H01L31/0216—Coatings
- H01L31/02161—Coatings for devices characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier
- H01L31/02162—Coatings for devices characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier for filtering or shielding light, e.g. multicolour filters for photodetectors
- H01L31/02164—Coatings for devices characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier for filtering or shielding light, e.g. multicolour filters for photodetectors for shielding light, e.g. light blocking layers, cold shields for infrared detectors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/02—Details
- H01L31/0216—Coatings
- H01L31/02161—Coatings for devices characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier
- H01L31/02167—Coatings for devices characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier for solar cells
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
- H01L31/054—Optical elements directly associated or integrated with the PV cell, e.g. light-reflecting means or light-concentrating means
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/18—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of solar photovoltaic modules, in particular to a crystalline silicon solar cell substrate and a preparation method thereof, wherein the crystalline silicon solar cell substrate comprises an optical glass substrate and a functional coating, and the raw material of slurry used by the functional coating is a nano material which can penetrate visible light but can shield near infrared light; preferably, the nanomaterial comprises any one or more of cesium tungsten bronze, indium tin oxide, zinc oxide and nano ATO. According to the crystalline silicon solar cell substrate, the optical glass which is highly transparent to visible light is selected as the substrate, the nano material which is transparent to visible light and can shield near infrared light is selected as the functional coating of the optical glass, and the temperature reduction is realized by reflecting the near infrared light. And the preparation method is simple, convenient to process, and has the advantages of low manufacturing cost and suitability for large-scale production.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of solar photovoltaic modules, in particular to a crystalline silicon solar cell substrate and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The solar photovoltaic power generation technology is a clean and efficient energy source developed in recent years, and the solar photovoltaic power generation device has the characteristics of wide distribution range and flexible layout. With the popularization of solar photovoltaic cells from the military field and the aerospace field into the fields of industry, commerce, agriculture, communication, household appliances, public facilities and the like, the solar photovoltaic cells are convenient and flexible, are particularly suitable for remote areas, mountains, deserts, islands and rural areas, and show strong market demands.
However, in the normal operation of a photovoltaic module, which is one of the key components of the solar photovoltaic power generation technology, the working temperature is usually above 50 ℃, and some of the working temperatures may even reach 80 ℃. The nominal efficiency value of the photovoltaic module is a numerical value under a standard test condition, the output power of the module is approximately linearly reduced along with the increase of the temperature of the photovoltaic module, and meanwhile, the aging rate is accelerated, so that the photovoltaic module cannot achieve the normal service life and efficiency.
At present, the method for cooling the solar photovoltaic module mainly comprises the following steps: 1. a heat pipe is laid on the photovoltaic back plate, and the heat pipe is utilized for cooling; 2. designing a convection channel, and cooling the photovoltaic building material solar panel by adopting a blower or natural ventilation; 3. the temperature of the photovoltaic module is reduced by designing a water-cooling back plate on the back plate of the photovoltaic module; 4. flowing river water is used to reduce the temperature around the photovoltaic panel. The method can reduce the temperature of the photovoltaic module, but has the following problems: the weight of the solar panel is increased by heating pipes and water cooling on the back plate, so that the manufacturing cost is increased and the processing is difficult; the solar panel needs to be installed in a place with a river by adopting river cooling, so that the requirement on the environment is high; the blower is adopted to drive air to flow, extra electric quantity is needed to drive the motor to rotate, and the generating efficiency of the photovoltaic device is reduced in a phase-changing mode.
Therefore, in view of the above problems, it is an urgent need to solve the technical problem of the art to develop a crystalline silicon solar cell glass substrate capable of effectively reducing the temperature rise of a photovoltaic module and a method for preparing the same.
Disclosure of Invention
The first purpose of the invention is to provide a crystalline silicon solar cell substrate which can effectively reflect near infrared light so as to reduce the temperature rise of a photovoltaic module;
a second object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing a crystalline silicon solar cell substrate, which has advantages of low manufacturing cost and suitability for mass production.
The invention provides a crystalline silicon solar cell substrate, which comprises an optical glass substrate and a functional coating, wherein the functional coating uses a nano material which is transparent to visible light and shields near infrared light as a raw material; preferably, the nanomaterial comprises any one or more of cesium tungsten bronze, indium tin oxide, zinc oxide and nano ATO, and the nanomaterial preferably has a particle size of 30-70 nm.
According to the crystalline silicon solar cell substrate, optical glass which is highly transparent to visible light is selected as the substrate, nano materials which are transparent to visible light and can shield near infrared light are selected as the functional coating of the optical glass, and the temperature is reduced by reflecting the near infrared light. The cesium tungsten bronze, indium tin oxide, zinc oxide or nano ATO nano material with specific particle size has the characteristic of high visible light transmittance and near infrared light reflection, and can effectively reflect the near infrared light as a slurry raw material of the functional coating, so that the temperature rise of the photovoltaic module is reduced.
Preferably, in the technical scheme, the raw material of the slurry further comprises a dispersant; preferably, the dispersant comprises any one or more of polyvinylpyrrolidone, sodium hexametaphosphate and KH 560.
When the nano material is dispersed unevenly and agglomerated, the transmittance of visible light can be influenced, so that in order to ensure uniform dispersion of the nano material, the dispersing agent is added into the slurry to improve the dispersibility of the nano material through the action of chemical dispersion.
Preferably, in the technical solution, the functional coating further includes a film forming material, and the film forming material includes an aqueous polyurethane resin; preferably, the solid content of the aqueous polyurethane resin is 30-50%; preferably, the volume ratio of the slurry to the aqueous polyurethane resin is 1: (1-3).
In order to ensure stronger acting force between the slurry containing the nano material and the optical glass substrate and prolong the service life, the functional coating also comprises a film-forming material. For the selection of film forming materials, the invention preferably selects materials which do not influence the transmission of visible light and the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar cell, and for the waterborne polyurethane resin, the waterborne polyurethane resin has the advantages of excellent wear resistance, acid and alkali resistance, and the prepared film has the advantages of toughness, firm bonding and high visible light transmittance. In addition, the resin can be cured into a film at normal temperature and can also be rapidly cured into a film by heating, and the prepared coating is colorless, tasteless and relatively environment-friendly.
In the invention, in order to ensure the uniformity of film formation, the solid content of the aqueous polyurethane resin is 30-50%, and the volume ratio of the slurry to the aqueous polyurethane resin is 1: (1-3).
Preferably, the thickness of the functional coating is 15-25 μm.
Researches show that when the thickness of the functional coating is 15-25 mu m, the temperature rise of the photovoltaic module can be effectively reduced, and the photoelectric conversion rate can be ensured.
Preferably, in the present invention, the optical glass substrate is K9 glass or BK7 glass.
The power generation efficiency of the solar cell is related to the utilization of visible light, and the low visible light transmittance of the optical glass substrate affects the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar cell. The optical glass substrates are K9 glass and BK7 glass, and the two kinds of glass have ultrahigh hardness and good scratch resistance, and have higher transmittance to visible light than that of common glass. And BK7 glass is preferred based on its combination with a functional coating.
The invention also discloses a preparation method of the crystalline silicon solar cell substrate, which specifically comprises the following preparation methods:
s1, mixing the uniformly dispersed slurry with a film forming material to prepare a coating;
and S2, coating the coating on an optical glass substrate, and sequentially airing and drying at room temperature to obtain the crystalline silicon solar cell substrate.
When the optical glass substrate is used, oil stains on the surface of glass need to be washed away, so that the glass substrate is in a non-pollution, non-dust and non-ion state.
Preferably, in the step S1, when the slurry is prepared, the nano material, the dispersant and the deionized water are mixed and ball-milled for 3 to 6 hours to obtain uniformly dispersed slurry;
preferably, the amount of dispersant and deionized water required per gram of nanomaterial is (0.2-0.3) g and (16-20) mL, respectively;
preferably, during ball milling, the volume ratio of the feed liquid to the ball milling beads is 3: 7;
preferably, the ball milling beads are zirconium dioxide, and the diameter of the zirconium dioxide is 0.2 mm;
preferably, the rotation speed of the ball mill is 3000-.
The uniformity of the dispersion of the nano material is a key factor of the slurry for exerting the reflection of the visible light high-transmittance near infrared light, the nano material is not uniformly dispersed, and the visible light transmittance is influenced by the agglomeration phenomenon. The physical dispersion adopts a ball mill for dispersion, the chemical dispersion adopts a dispersing agent, and when the slurry is prepared specifically, the nano material, the dispersing agent and deionized water are placed in a ball milling tank, and the ball mill is started for ball milling, so that the uniformly dispersed nano slurry can be prepared.
Preferably, in step S1, when the coating is prepared, the aqueous polyurethane and the slurry are mixed and ball-milled for 3 to 6 hours; preferably, the rotation speed of the ball mill is 3000-. .
In the present embodiment, in step S2, the coating speed is preferably controlled to be 8-12 mm/S.
When the functional coating is coated, an automatic coating device can be preferably used for preparing the coating on the optical glass substrate, firstly, the prepared coating is placed in a material area of the automatic coating device, the cleaned optical glass substrate is placed on the automatic coating device, a coating rod with a corresponding specification is selected, and a machine is started to prepare the coating.
Preferably, in step S2, the coated optical glass substrate is placed in a preservation box for 1-3 hours when being dried at room temperature; and during drying, controlling the temperature to be 70-90 ℃ and the time to be 7-9 h.
And after coating, putting the optical glass substrate with the prepared functional coating into a preservation box, ensuring a dust-free environment, naturally airing for 1-3h, putting the optical glass substrate into a vacuum electric heating drying box, heating and curing, and thus obtaining the optical glass substrate with visible light transmission and near infrared light reflection. When the solar cell module is used, the crystalline silicon solar cell module is arranged on the optical glass substrate with the functional coating, and the crystalline silicon solar cell capable of reducing the temperature rise of the photovoltaic module can be obtained. The method is simple and convenient to operate, low in cost, good in cooling effect and high in market value and economic value.
The crystalline silicon solar cell substrate disclosed by the invention at least has the following technical effects:
1. according to the crystalline silicon solar cell substrate, the optical glass which is highly transparent to visible light is selected as the substrate, the nano material which is transparent to visible light and can shield near infrared light is selected as the functional coating of the optical glass, and the temperature reduction is realized by reflecting the near infrared light;
2. the photoelectric conversion in the photovoltaic module utilizes visible light, infrared light cannot be subjected to photoelectric conversion, and the heat effect of the infrared light can heat the photovoltaic module, so that the photoelectric conversion performance of the crystalline silicon solar cell substrate can be effectively ensured by selecting an optical glass substrate with high visible light transmittance;
3. the cesium tungsten bronze, the indium tin oxide, the zinc oxide or the nano ATO nano material used in the invention has the characteristics of high visible light transmittance and near infrared light reflection, and the slurry raw material used as the functional coating can effectively reflect the near infrared light, so that the temperature rise of the photovoltaic module is reduced;
4. the preparation method of the crystalline silicon solar cell substrate is simple and convenient to process, and has the advantages of low manufacturing cost and suitability for large-scale production.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a structural diagram of a crystalline silicon solar cell substrate according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a method for preparing a crystalline silicon solar cell substrate according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a structural diagram of a crystalline silicon solar cell to which the present invention is applied;
FIG. 4 is a spectrum diagram of a crystalline silicon solar cell substrate according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a temperature measuring device according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a graph of the temperature of the present invention and other substrates under solar irradiation.
Reference numerals:
1: a nanomaterial; 2. a film-forming material; 3: an optical glass substrate; 4: a crystalline silicon solar cell; 5: a crystalline silicon solar panel; 6: a heat preservation and insulation box; 7: a type K thermocouple; 8: a temperature polling instrument; 9: a data line; 10: and (4) a computer.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the disclosure. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, the singular forms also include the plural forms unless the context clearly dictates otherwise, and further, it is understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of the stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof.
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the following embodiments, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
S11, firstly, taking 150ml of deionized water, 8g of 50nmATO nano powder and 2g of silane coupling agent KH560, putting the feed liquid and 0.2mm zirconium dioxide ball-milling beads into a ball-milling tank, stirring and mixing, wherein the volume ratio of the feed liquid to the ball-milling beads is 3: 7, starting the ball mill, setting the rotating speed to be 5000r/min, and carrying out ball milling for 4 hours to obtain slurry with uniformly dispersed nano ATO powder; and (2) mixing the aqueous polyurethane with the solid content of 40% and the slurry according to the weight ratio of 2: adding the mixture into a ball milling tank according to the volume ratio of 1, and carrying out ball milling for 4 hours to obtain the coating.
S12, putting the cleaned BK7 optical glass into a coating film of an automatic coating device, fixing, installing a coating film rod with the coating film thickness of 20 mu m, and adding the prepared coating; starting the machine, and setting the coating speed to be 10mm/s for coating; and putting the coated glass into a preservation box, airing for 2h, and then putting the coated glass into an electric heating vacuum drying oven, and drying for 8h at the temperature of 80 ℃ to obtain the crystalline silicon solar cell substrate capable of reducing the temperature rise of the photovoltaic module.
And the crystalline silicon solar cell module is arranged on the optical glass substrate with the functional coating, so that the crystalline silicon solar cell capable of reducing the temperature rise of the photovoltaic module can be obtained.
Example 2
S21, firstly, taking 150ml of deionized water, 8g of 30nmATO nano powder and 2.4g of silane coupling agent KH560, putting the feed liquid and 0.2mm zirconium dioxide ball-milling beads into a ball-milling tank, stirring and mixing, wherein the volume ratio of the feed liquid to the ball-milling beads is 3: 7, starting the ball mill, setting the rotating speed to be 4000r/min, and carrying out ball milling for 4 hours to obtain slurry with uniformly dispersed nano ATO powder; mixing waterborne polyurethane with solid content of 40% and slurry according to the weight ratio of 1: adding the mixture into a ball milling tank according to the volume ratio of 1, and carrying out ball milling for 4 hours to obtain the coating.
S22, putting the cleaned BK7 optical glass into a film of an automatic film coater for fixing, installing a film coating rod with the film coating thickness of 15 mu m, and adding the prepared coating; starting a machine, and setting the coating speed to be 8mm/s for coating; and putting the coated glass into a preservation box, airing for 1h, and then putting the coated glass into an electric heating vacuum drying oven for drying for 9h at 70 ℃ to obtain the crystalline silicon solar cell substrate capable of reducing the temperature rise of the photovoltaic module.
And the crystalline silicon solar cell module is arranged on the optical glass substrate with the functional coating, so that the crystalline silicon solar cell capable of reducing the temperature rise of the photovoltaic module can be obtained.
Example 3
S31, firstly, taking 130ml of deionized water, 8g of 70nmATO nano powder and 1.6g of silane coupling agent KH560, putting the feed liquid and 0.2mm zirconium dioxide ball-milling beads into a ball-milling tank, stirring and mixing, wherein the volume ratio of the feed liquid to the ball-milling beads is 3: 7, starting the ball mill, setting the rotating speed to 3000r/min, and ball-milling for 4 hours to obtain slurry with uniformly dispersed nano ATO powder; and (3) mixing the waterborne polyurethane with the solid content of 40% and the slurry according to the weight ratio of 3: adding the mixture into a ball milling tank according to the volume ratio of 1, and carrying out ball milling for 4 hours to obtain the coating.
S32, putting the cleaned BK7 optical glass into a coating film of an automatic coating device, fixing, installing a coating film rod with the coating film thickness of 25um, and adding the prepared coating; starting the machine, and setting the coating speed to be 12mm/s for coating; and putting the coated glass into a preservation box, airing for 3h, and then putting the coated glass into an electric heating vacuum drying oven for drying for 7h at 90 ℃ to obtain the crystalline silicon solar cell substrate capable of reducing the temperature rise of the photovoltaic module.
And (3) mounting the crystalline silicon solar cell module on an optical glass substrate with a functional coating to obtain the crystalline silicon solar cell capable of reducing the temperature rise of the photovoltaic module.
Comparative example 1
S1, firstly, taking 8g of cesium tungsten bronze nano powder, 150ml of deionized water and 2g of polyvinylpyrrolidone, putting the cesium tungsten bronze nano powder, 150ml of deionized water and 2g of polyvinylpyrrolidone into a ball milling tank, starting a ball mill, setting a ball milling rotation speed of 3000r/min, and performing ball milling for 6 hours to obtain uniformly dispersed cesium tungsten bronze slurry; mixing the prepared cesium tungsten bronze slurry with an aqueous polyurethane resin with a solid content of 40% in a volume ratio of 1: 2, mixing, putting into a ball milling tank, starting a ball mill, setting the ball milling rotation speed to 3000r/min, and carrying out ball milling for 6h to obtain fully mixed cesium tungsten bronze coating;
s2, placing the prepared coating into a material area of an automatic film coating device, placing the cleaned optical glass BK7 on the automatic film coating device, selecting a film coating rod of 20um, and starting a machine to prepare a coating; and (3) putting the prepared optical glass with the coating into a preservation box, naturally airing for 2h, putting the optical glass into an electrothermal vacuum drying oven, heating and curing at 80 ℃ for 8h, and taking out the optical glass to obtain the crystalline silicon solar cell substrate capable of reducing the temperature rise of the photovoltaic module.
And (3) mounting the crystalline silicon solar cell module on an optical glass substrate with a functional coating to obtain the crystalline silicon solar cell capable of reducing the temperature rise of the photovoltaic module.
Comparative example 2
S1, firstly, taking 8g of zinc oxide nano powder, 150ml of deionized water and 2g of sodium hexametaphosphate dispersant, putting the zinc oxide nano powder, the deionized water and the sodium hexametaphosphate dispersant into a ball milling tank, starting a ball mill, setting the ball milling rotation speed to 3000r/min, and performing ball milling for 6 hours to obtain uniformly dispersed cesium tungsten bronze slurry; mixing the prepared zinc oxide slurry with aqueous polyurethane resin with the solid content of 40% according to the volume ratio of 1: 2, mixing, putting into a ball milling tank, starting a ball mill, setting the ball milling rotation speed to 3000r/min, and ball milling for 6 hours to obtain the fully mixed zinc oxide coating.
S2, placing the prepared coating into a material area of an automatic film coating device, placing the cleaned optical glass BK7 on the automatic film coating device, selecting a film coating rod of 20um, and starting a machine to prepare a coating; and (3) putting the prepared optical glass with the coating into a preservation box, naturally airing for 2h, putting the optical glass into an electrothermal vacuum drying oven, heating and curing at 80 ℃ for 8h, and taking out the optical glass to obtain the crystalline silicon solar cell substrate capable of reducing the temperature rise of the photovoltaic module.
And (3) mounting the crystalline silicon solar cell module on an optical glass substrate with a functional coating to obtain the crystalline silicon solar cell capable of reducing the temperature rise of the photovoltaic module.
In the energy distribution of sunlight, the ultraviolet light (260-380nm) accounts for 7 percent, the visible light (380-760nm) accounts for 50 percent and the near infrared light (800-2500nm) accounts for 43 percent. Therefore, the effective reflection of near infrared light is a key factor for reducing the temperature rise of the photovoltaic module. As can be seen from fig. 1, the crystalline silicon solar cell substrate of the present invention includes an optical glass substrate and a functional coating, wherein nano materials which are transparent to visible light and shield near infrared light are uniformly distributed in the functional coating, and the temperature reduction is achieved by the reflection of the nano materials to the near infrared light.
Fig. 2 is a flow chart of a preparation method of a crystalline silicon solar cell substrate by taking nano ATO as an example, and thus, the preparation method is simple and convenient to operate, does not need complex processes and expensive instruments and equipment, and has the advantages of low manufacturing cost and suitability for large-scale production.
A crystalline silicon solar cell module is mounted on an optical glass substrate with a functional coating, so that the crystalline silicon solar cell capable of reducing the temperature rise of a photovoltaic module can be obtained, and fig. 3 is a structural diagram of the crystalline silicon solar cell applied to the invention.
In order to verify the effect of the crystalline silicon solar cell substrate on visible light transmission but near infrared light shielding, a spectrum test is performed on the crystalline silicon solar cell substrate prepared in example 1, fig. 4 is a spectrogram (wherein a is common glass, and B is the crystalline silicon solar cell substrate prepared in example 1), and as can be seen from the spectrogram, the crystalline silicon solar cell substrate has a transmittance of near 80% for visible light in the 380-760nm band, and a transmittance of less than 20% for near infrared light in the 800-2500nm band.
To further verify the effect of different nanoparticles on visible light transmission but near infrared light shielding, the test device shown in fig. 5 was used to perform a temperature rise performance test on the crystalline silicon solar cell panels prepared in examples 1 and 1-2, and the test results are shown in fig. 6 (where C is the crystalline silicon solar cell panel with a common substrate, D is the crystalline silicon solar cell panel prepared in example 1, E is the crystalline silicon solar cell panel prepared in comparative example 2, and F is the crystalline silicon solar cell panel prepared in comparative example 1).
As can be seen from FIG. 6, after the solar cell panel prepared by using the nano ATO is used for 30min, compared with a common substrate, the temperature of a photovoltaic module can be reduced by nearly 20 ℃, and compared with zinc oxide and cesium tungsten bronze nano-powder, the solar cell panel prepared by using the nano ATO has a more excellent cooling effect. Compared with other cooling modes, the crystalline silicon solar cell panel prepared by taking nano ATO or zinc oxide and cesium tungsten bronze nano powder as the functional coating of the optical glass substrate has the advantages of low manufacturing cost, no need of extra energy and no influence of external environment.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The crystalline silicon solar cell substrate is characterized by comprising an optical glass substrate and a functional coating, wherein the functional coating uses a nano material which is transparent to visible light and shields near infrared light as a raw material;
preferably, the nanomaterial comprises any one or more of cesium tungsten bronze, indium tin oxide, zinc oxide and nano ATO.
2. The crystalline silicon solar cell substrate as claimed in claim 1 wherein the raw materials of the slurry further comprise a dispersant;
preferably, the dispersant comprises any one or more of polyvinylpyrrolidone, sodium hexametaphosphate and KH 560.
3. The crystalline silicon solar cell substrate according to claim 1, wherein the functional coating further comprises a film forming material comprising an aqueous polyurethane resin;
preferably, the solid content of the aqueous polyurethane resin is 30-50%;
preferably, the volume ratio of the slurry to the aqueous polyurethane resin is 1: (1-3).
4. The crystalline silicon solar cell substrate according to claim 1, characterized in that the functional coating has a thickness of 15-25 μm.
5. The crystalline silicon solar cell substrate according to claim 1, characterized in that the optical glass substrate is K9 glass or BK7 glass.
6. The preparation method of the crystalline silicon solar cell substrate as defined in any one of claims 1 to 5, which comprises the following preparation methods:
s1, mixing the uniformly dispersed slurry with a film forming material to prepare a coating;
and S2, coating the coating on an optical glass substrate, and sequentially airing and drying at room temperature to obtain the crystalline silicon solar cell substrate.
7. The preparation method according to claim 6, wherein in the step S1, when the slurry is prepared, the nano material, the dispersing agent and the deionized water are mixed and ball-milled for 3-6h to obtain uniformly dispersed slurry;
preferably, the amount of dispersant and deionized water required per gram of nanomaterial is (0.2-0.3) g and (16-20) mL, respectively;
preferably, during ball milling, the volume ratio of the feed liquid to the ball milling beads is 3: 7;
preferably, the ball milling beads are zirconium dioxide, and the diameter of the zirconium dioxide is 0.2 mm;
preferably, the rotation speed of the ball mill is 3000-.
8. The preparation method of claim 6, wherein in step S1, the aqueous polyurethane and the slurry are mixed and ball-milled for 3-6 h;
preferably, the rotation speed of the ball mill is 3000-.
9. The method according to claim 6, wherein in step S2, the coating speed is controlled to be 8-12mm/S during coating.
10. The preparation method according to claim 6, wherein in step S2, the coated optical glass substrate is placed in a preservation box for 1-3h while being dried at room temperature;
and during drying, controlling the temperature to be 70-90 ℃ and the time to be 7-9 h.
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| CN1800068A (en) * | 2005-12-15 | 2006-07-12 | 南京工业大学 | Transparent heat insulating glass |
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| CN106117575A (en) * | 2016-06-29 | 2016-11-16 | 仇颖莹 | A kind of preparation method of multi-layered composite heat-insulating film |
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| CN110556432A (en) * | 2018-06-01 | 2019-12-10 | 君泰创新（北京）科技有限公司 | solar cell, preparation method thereof and welding device |
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| CN1800068A (en) * | 2005-12-15 | 2006-07-12 | 南京工业大学 | Transparent heat insulating glass |
| CN101550307A (en) * | 2009-05-14 | 2009-10-07 | 复旦大学 | Transparent heat insulation coating material, preparation method and application thereof |
| CN106117575A (en) * | 2016-06-29 | 2016-11-16 | 仇颖莹 | A kind of preparation method of multi-layered composite heat-insulating film |
| CN110556432A (en) * | 2018-06-01 | 2019-12-10 | 君泰创新（北京）科技有限公司 | solar cell, preparation method thereof and welding device |
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