CN102674696B - A kind of glass powder and preparation method thereof and a kind of conductive silver paste and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

A kind of glass powder and preparation method thereof and a kind of conductive silver paste and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN102674696B
CN102674696B CN201110064444.8A CN201110064444A CN102674696B CN 102674696 B CN102674696 B CN 102674696B CN 201110064444 A CN201110064444 A CN 201110064444A CN 102674696 B CN102674696 B CN 102674696B
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CN102674696A (en
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舒剑
李金儡
周勇
王美艳
刘新阳
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BYD Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention provides a kind of glass powder, described glass powder comprises sodium stannate, sodium metaborate, water glass and Tellurobismuthite.With the mass percentage of glass powder for benchmark, the content of sodium stannate is 5-30%; The content of sodium metaborate is 1-20%; The content of water glass is 1-20%; The content of Tellurobismuthite is 40-70%.Glass powder of the present invention overcomes traditional prejudice, without the need to through the process such as high temperature melting and quenching, directly can be obtained by each component Homogeneous phase mixing, and preparation method is simple, superior performance.The present invention also provides a kind of conductive silver paste, and described conductive silver paste comprises glass powder of the present invention, silver powder and organic carrier.With the mass percentage of conductive silver paste for benchmark, the content of described silver powder is 65-90%; The content of described glass powder is 1-10%; The content of described organic carrier is 5-30%.

Description

A kind of glass powder and preparation method thereof and a kind of conductive silver paste and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The invention belongs to electrocondution slurry field, particularly relate to a kind of glass powder and preparation method thereof, and the electrocondution slurry adopting this glass powder to prepare.
Background technology
Front and back electrocondution slurry used for solar batteries is generally all formed by preparation of raw material such as metal powder, glass powder and organic carriers.For conductive silver paste, glass powder in high temperature melting, by sunlight antireflection layer (normally SiNx or TiO of silicon face 2film) melt, the silver in slurry can be contacted with silicon face, and silver powder is under the effect of glass powder, can form Ag/Si with silicon during high temperature and conduct electricity island, silver-colored wire and silicon can form good ohmic contact; Meanwhile, silver powder is attached to silicon chip surface by glass binder, is linked together by conduction island, and form the conducting film of dense uniform, as can be seen here, glass powder is the important component part in electrocondution slurry.
In prior art, glass powder formula is mainly matrix with oxide compound, as plumbous oxide, silicon oxide, boron oxide etc., if directly oxide compound is mixed, owing to preparing in solar battery sheet process, sintering temperature is not high, only has 800-900 DEG C, between various oxide compound cannot molten sintering uniformly overall, just do not reach the effect of glass powder, so make various oxide fusion after needing high temperature melting and first form the compound form of glass powder, as lead borosilicate etc., uniform composition after quenching, just can reach the effect of glass powder, so that further use.
Therefore, the method that existing glass powder formula prepares glass powder generally comprises following step:
(1) all raw materials are fully mixed;
(2) mixed compound is put into crucible, then put into electric furnace and be incubated for some time;
(3) glass metal after fusing is poured into cold quenching-in water;
(4) sheet or granular glass are put into ball mill ball milling together with raw material;
(5) glass powder after ball milling is sieved, pack.
The method complex steps, high-temperature operation is dangerous large, takes time and effort.
Summary of the invention
The present invention be solve glass powder in prior art preparation method's complex steps, High Temperature and the problem such as to take time and effort, provide a kind of preparation method simple and the glass powder of superior performance.
The invention provides a kind of glass powder, this glass powder comprises sodium stannate, sodium metaborate, water glass and Tellurobismuthite.With the mass percentage of glass powder for benchmark, the content of sodium stannate is 5-30%; The content of sodium metaborate is 1-20%; The content of water glass is 1-20%; The content of Tellurobismuthite is 40-70%.
Preferred further, with the mass percentage of glass powder for benchmark, the content of sodium stannate is 10-30%; The content of sodium metaborate is 5-18%; The content of water glass is 10-15%; The content of Tellurobismuthite is 50-65%.
Particle size of glass powder scope provided by the invention is 0.2-5 micron.
The invention provides a kind of preparation method of glass powder, comprise and sodium stannate, sodium metaborate, water glass and Tellurobismuthite are mixed.Mixing process realizes by ball milling.
Glass powder provided by the invention, without the need to obtaining through the process such as high temperature melting and quenching, preparation method is simple; Meanwhile, superior performance, the electrocondution slurry that glass powder is obtained thus, and then obtained solar battery sheet photoelectric transformation efficiency is high.
Traditional glass powder formula take mainly oxide compound as matrix, as plumbous oxide, silicon oxide, boron oxide etc., needs to prepare through the step such as high-temperature fusion and quenching; And the present inventor surprisingly finds, sodium stannate, sodium metaborate, water glass and Tellurobismuthite are directly added with the form of compound, not only ensure that in gained glass powder containing main elements such as boron, silicon, sodium, and can use, without the need to the process such as high temperature melting and quenching by direct sintering after each component is mixed.Infer that its possible reason is: Tellurobismuthite is as the body material in glass powder, and fusing point, probably at 550-600 DEG C, can complete sintering the sintering range of 800-900 DEG C, controls the sintering process of whole slurry and the etch state of antireflective coating; The fusing point of sodium stannate is lower, can soak other compounds, makes can easily to sinter by close contact between raw material; And sodium metaborate and water glass contain the principal elements such as boron, silicon, sodium, the fusing point of sodium metaborate and water glass can be reduced together with sodium stannate, Tellurobismuthite, reach sintering effect.
The present invention also provides a kind of conductive silver paste, and this conductive silver paste comprises silver powder, glass powder and organic carrier, and with the mass percentage of conductive silver paste for benchmark, the content of silver powder is 65-90%; The content of glass powder is 1-10%; The content of organic carrier is 5-30%.
Wherein, glass powder comprises sodium stannate, sodium metaborate, water glass and Tellurobismuthite, and with the mass percentage of glass powder for benchmark, the content of sodium stannate is 5-30%; The content of sodium metaborate is 1-20%; The content of water glass is 1-20%; The content of Tellurobismuthite is 40-70%.
Preferred further, with the mass percentage of glass powder for benchmark, the content of sodium stannate is 10-30%; The content of sodium metaborate is 5-18%; The content of water glass is 10-15%; The content of Tellurobismuthite is 50-65%.
Silver powder comprises spherical silver powder and flake silver powder, and wherein, the size range of spherical silver powder is 0.1-5 micron, and the size range of flake silver powder is 1-10 micron; With the mass percentage of silver powder for benchmark, the content of spherical silver powder is 30-90%; The content of flake silver powder is 10-70%.
The present invention also provides a kind of preparation method of conductive silver paste, comprises after silver powder, glass powder and organic carrier tentatively being mixed, then grinding is even on three-roll grinder.
Embodiment
In order to make technical problem solved by the invention, technical scheme and beneficial effect clearly understand, below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is further elaborated.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein only in order to explain the present invention, be not intended to limit the present invention.
The invention provides a kind of glass powder, this glass powder comprises sodium stannate, sodium metaborate, water glass and Tellurobismuthite.With the mass percentage of glass powder for benchmark, the content of sodium stannate is 5-30%; The content of sodium metaborate is 1-20%; The content of water glass is 1-20%; The content of Tellurobismuthite is 40-70%.
Preferred further, with the mass percentage of glass powder for benchmark, the content of sodium stannate is 10-30%; The content of sodium metaborate is 5-18%; The content of water glass is 10-15%; The content of Tellurobismuthite is 50-65%.
Glass powder provided by the invention, directly can obtain each component Homogeneous phase mixing, and without the need to through the process such as high temperature melting and quenching, preparation method is simple; Meanwhile, superior performance, the electrocondution slurry that glass powder is obtained thus, and then obtained solar battery sheet photoelectric transformation efficiency is high.
In glass powder of the present invention, sodium stannate, sodium metaborate, water glass and Tellurobismuthite can directly be obtained by buying pharmaceutical chemicals.
Glass powder purity >99% of the present invention, size range is 0.2-5 micron, and further preferably, meso-position radius is 3 microns.The purity of glass powder and granularity directly by each component raw material ball milling Homogeneous phase mixing be purchased can be realized, preferably, by by analytically pure sodium stannate, sodium metaborate, water glass and Tellurobismuthite mix by content ratio ball milling.
Concrete, glass powder preparation method of the present invention can be: after sodium stannate, sodium metaborate, water glass and Tellurobismuthite being weighed by content ratio, put into ball grinder, add abrading-ball (zirconium white, aluminum oxide, agate), ratio of grinding media to material is 3-8:1, ball-milling medium can be the conventional material such as deionized water, dehydrated alcohol, rotational speed of ball-mill is that 200-500 turns/h, and Ball-milling Time is 8-48h, takes out, 80 DEG C of oven dry, can obtain.
The present invention also provides a kind of conductive silver paste, and this conductive silver paste comprises silver powder, glass powder and organic carrier, and with the mass percentage of conductive silver paste for benchmark, the content of silver powder is 65-90%; The content of glass powder is 1-10%; The content of organic carrier is 5-30%.
Wherein, glass powder comprises sodium stannate, sodium metaborate, water glass and Tellurobismuthite, and with the mass percentage of glass powder for benchmark, the content of sodium stannate is 5-30%; The content of sodium metaborate is 1-20%; The content of water glass is 1-20%; The content of Tellurobismuthite is 40-70%.
Preferred further, with the mass percentage of glass powder for benchmark, the content of sodium stannate is 10-30%; The content of sodium metaborate is 5-18%; The content of water glass is 1-15%; The content of Tellurobismuthite is 50-65%.
In conductive silver paste provided by the invention, silver powder purity >99.5%, silver powder comprises spherical silver powder and flake silver powder, and wherein, the size range of spherical silver powder is 0.1-5 micron; The size range of flake silver powder is 1-10 micron, and further preferably, the meso-position radius of spherical silver powder is 2.5 microns; The meso-position radius of flake silver powder is 8 microns.With the mass percentage of silver powder for benchmark, wherein, the content of spherical silver powder is 30-90%; The content of flake silver powder is 10-70%.Silver powder used can directly be obtained by outsourcing.
In conductive silver paste provided by the invention, organic carrier comprises solvent and additive, solvent and additive are all kinds of material known in those skilled in the art, such as, solvent can be in Terpineol 350, diethylene glycol monobutyl ether, turps, pimelinketone, acetone or tributyl citrate one or more;
Additive can be the organism of some specific functions such as dispersion agent, thixotropic agent, tensio-active agent, softening agent, flow agent or thickening material;
Wherein, dispersion agent can be one or more in Xylo-Mucine, Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate or polyoxyethylene glycol; Thixotropic agent can be in dibutyl phthalate or hydrogenated castor oil one or more; Tensio-active agent can be in Yelkin TTS or trolamine one or more; Softening agent can be in polyol ester, epoxyoleic acid butyl ester, Tritolyl Phosphate one or more, flow agent can be in organic silicone oil, polyacrylic acid, dimethylbenzene etc. one or more, thickening material can be in polyvinyl alcohol, ethyl cellulose, Sudan Gum-arabic or carrageenin one or more;
Above all kinds of SOLVENTS and additive are all by being purchased direct acquisition.
The preparation method of conductive silver paste provided by the invention, comprises after silver powder, glass powder and organic carrier tentatively being mixed, then grinding is even on three-roll grinder.
Embodiment 1
Raw material is taken according to mass ratio:
Sodium stannate 0.35g, sodium metaborate 1.4g, water glass 1.4g, Tellurobismuthite 3.85g;
Raw material is put into ball grinder, and add abrading-ball (zirconium white, aluminum oxide, agate), ratio of grinding media to material is 5:1, and ball-milling medium is dehydrated alcohol, and rotational speed of ball-mill is 300 turns/h, and Ball-milling Time is 16h, and take out, 80 DEG C of oven dry, gained glass powder is denoted as S1.
Embodiment 2
Raw material is taken according to mass ratio:
Sodium stannate 0.56g, sodium metaborate 1.4g, water glass 0.49g, Tellurobismuthite 4.55g;
With the preparation method of embodiment 1, gained glass powder is denoted as S2.
Embodiment 3
Raw material is taken according to mass ratio:
Sodium stannate 0.7g, sodium metaborate 0.35g, water glass 1.05g, Tellurobismuthite 4.9g;
With the preparation method of embodiment 1, gained glass powder is denoted as S3.
Embodiment 4
Raw material is taken according to mass ratio:
Sodium stannate 1.4g, sodium metaborate 0.21g, water glass 1.19g, Tellurobismuthite 4.2g;
With the preparation method of embodiment 1, gained glass powder is denoted as S4.
Embodiment 5
Raw material is taken according to mass ratio:
Sodium stannate 2.1g, sodium metaborate 1.05g, water glass 0.35g, Tellurobismuthite 3.5g;
With the preparation method of embodiment 1, gained glass powder is denoted as S5.
Embodiment 6
Raw material is taken according to mass ratio:
Sodium stannate 1.4g, sodium metaborate 0.35g, water glass 0.7g, Tellurobismuthite 4.55g;
With the preparation method of embodiment 1, gained glass powder is denoted as S6.
Embodiment 7
Raw material is taken according to mass ratio:
Sodium stannate 1.25g, sodium metaborate 0.5g, water glass 0.25g, Tellurobismuthite 3g;
With the preparation method of embodiment 1, gained glass powder is denoted as S7.
Embodiment 8
Raw material is taken according to mass ratio:
Sodium stannate 2g, sodium metaborate 1g, water glass 1g, Tellurobismuthite 6g;
With the preparation method of embodiment 1, gained glass powder is denoted as S8.
Embodiment 9
Raw material is taken according to mass ratio:
Sodium stannate 1g, sodium metaborate 0.6g, water glass 0.8g, Tellurobismuthite 3.6g;
With the preparation method of embodiment 1, gained glass powder is denoted as S9.
Embodiment 11-55
Raw material is taken according to mass ratio:
The spherical 49g of silver powder: 83g(; Sheet 34g);
Organic carrier: 10g(Terpineol 350 5g, diethylene glycol monobutyl ether 2.5g, ethyl cellulose 0.5g, Xylo-Mucine 0.2g, Yelkin TTS 1.2g, dibutyl phthalate 0.6g);
After alleged silver powder and organic carrier being mixed respectively with the glass powder of S1-S5, on three-roll grinder, grinding is even, and gained conductive silver paste used for solar batteries is denoted as S11-55 respectively.
Embodiment 66
Raw material is taken according to mass ratio:
The spherical 45g of silver powder: 80g(; Sheet 35g);
Organic carrier: 13g(Terpineol 350 6.5g, diethylene glycol monobutyl ether 3g, ethyl cellulose 0.6g, Xylo-Mucine 0.3g, Yelkin TTS 1.5g, dibutyl phthalate 1.1g);
After alleged silver powder and organic carrier being mixed respectively with the glass powder of S6, on three-roll grinder, grinding is even, and gained conductive silver paste used for solar batteries is denoted as S66 respectively.
Embodiment 77
Raw material is taken according to mass ratio:
The spherical 50g of silver powder: 85g(; Sheet 35g);
Organic carrier: 10g(Terpineol 350 5g, diethylene glycol monobutyl ether 2.5g, ethyl cellulose 0.5g, Xylo-Mucine 0.2g, Yelkin TTS 1.2g, dibutyl phthalate 0.6g);
After alleged silver powder and organic carrier being mixed respectively with the glass powder of S7, on three-roll grinder, grinding is even, and gained conductive silver paste used for solar batteries is denoted as S77 respectively.
Embodiment 88
Raw material is taken according to mass ratio:
The spherical 45g of silver powder: 75g(; Sheet 30g);
Organic carrier: 15g(Terpineol 350 6g, diethylene glycol monobutyl ether 5g, ethyl cellulose 0.5g, Xylo-Mucine 0.2g, Yelkin TTS 3g, dibutyl phthalate 0.3g);
After alleged silver powder and organic carrier being mixed respectively with the glass powder of S8, on three-roll grinder, grinding is even, and gained conductive silver paste used for solar batteries is denoted as S88 respectively.
Embodiment 99
Raw material is taken according to mass ratio:
The spherical 50g of silver powder: 82g(; Sheet 32g);
Organic carrier: 12g(Terpineol 350 4g, polyvinyl alcohol 1g, Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate 2g, organic silicone oil 2g, trolamine 3g);
After alleged silver powder and organic carrier being mixed respectively with the glass powder of S9, on three-roll grinder, grinding is even, and gained conductive silver paste used for solar batteries is denoted as S99 respectively.
In embodiment 11-99, silver powder purity >99.5%, wherein, the mean particle size of spherical silver powder is 2.5 microns; The mean particle size of flake silver powder is 8 microns.In embodiment 1-9, glass powder purity >99%, mean particle size is 3 microns, and in glass powder, each Component Source is as shown in table 1.
Comparative example 1
Raw material is taken according to mass ratio:
Silicon oxide 1g, boron oxide 0.5g, plumbous oxide 1.6g, aluminum oxide 0.2g, zinc oxide 1g, calcium oxide 0.3g, stannic oxide 0.4g;
Click step and prepare glass powder:
(1) alleged raw material is put into alumina crucible, then put into the electric furnace of 1300 DEG C, insulation 3h;
(2) glass metal after fusing is poured into cold quenching-in water;
(3) gained frit is put into ball mill ball milling, mechanical milling process is with embodiment 1;
(4) glass powder after ball milling is dried;
Gained glass powder is denoted as D1.
Comparative example 2
Raw material is taken according to mass ratio:
Silicon oxide 1.1g, bismuth oxide 1.2g, plumbous oxide 1.4g, boron oxide 0.6g, tellurium oxide 2g, aluminum oxide 0.7g;
With the preparation method of comparative example 1, gained glass powder is denoted as D2.
Comparative example 3
Raw material is taken according to mass ratio:
Silicon oxide 1g, boron oxide 0.5g, plumbous oxide 1.6g, aluminum oxide 0.2g, zinc oxide 1g, calcium oxide 0.3g, stannic oxide 0.4g;
With the preparation method of embodiment 1, gained glass powder is denoted as D3.
Comparative example 11
Raw material is taken according to mass ratio:
The spherical 50g of silver powder: 85g(; Sheet 35g);
Organic carrier: 10g(Terpineol 350 5g, diethylene glycol monobutyl ether 2.5g, ethyl cellulose 0.5g, Xylo-Mucine 0.2g, Yelkin TTS 1.2g, dibutyl phthalate 0.6g);
First silver powder, organic carrier are tentatively mixed with glass powder D1, then grinding is even on three-roll grinder, gained conductive silver paste used for solar batteries is denoted as D11.
Comparative example 22
Raw material is taken according to mass ratio:
The spherical 49g of silver powder: 83g(; Sheet 34g);
Organic carrier: 10g(Terpineol 350 5g, diethylene glycol monobutyl ether 2.5g, ethyl cellulose 0.5g, Xylo-Mucine 0.2g, Yelkin TTS 1.2g, dibutyl phthalate 0.6g);
First silver powder, organic carrier are tentatively mixed with glass powder D2, then grinding is even on three-roll grinder, gained conductive silver paste used for solar batteries is denoted as D22.
Comparative example 33
Raw material is taken according to mass ratio:
The spherical 50g of silver powder: 85g(; Sheet 35g);
Organic carrier: 10g(Terpineol 350 5g, diethylene glycol monobutyl ether 2.5g, ethyl cellulose 0.5g, Xylo-Mucine 0.2g, Yelkin TTS 1.2g, dibutyl phthalate 0.6g);
First silver powder, organic carrier are tentatively mixed with glass powder D3, then grinding is even on three-roll grinder, gained conductive silver paste used for solar batteries is denoted as D33.
Performance test
(1) preparation of cell piece used is tested
By electrocondution slurry S11-S99 and D11-D33,90 microns of web plate silk screens are adopted to be printed on respectively on polysilicon chip (specification: silicon chip 200 microns, before corrosion, front thickness is substantially constant with printing).Printing weight is the general 0.2-0.8 gram of every sheet slurry, and directly put into infrared sintering furnace and sinter, peak temperature is 800-900 DEG C, and the time is 10-50 second.Namely solar battery sheet is obtained after coming out of the stove;
(2) sheet resistance test
The method adopting GB/T17473.3-1998 to specify is carried out, the model adopting Guangzhou four point probe Electronic Science and Technology Co., Ltd. to produce is that the sheet resistance instrument of RTS-4 is tested solar battery sheet prepared by embodiment 11-99 and comparative example 11-33, unit is milliohm/, and test result is in table 2;
(3) phototransformation rate
The model adopting He Shuan Science and Technology Ltd. of Shanghai Communications University to produce is that the solar battery sheet electricity conversion special test equipment of HSC1/XSCM-9 is tested solar battery sheet prepared by embodiment 11-99 and comparative example 11-33, and test result is in table 2;
Table 1
Chemical reagent/raw material Purity Source
Sodium stannate Analytical pure Ke Miou chemical reagent development centre, Tianjin
Sodium metaborate Analytical pure Shanghai Zhen Jiang Chemical Co., Ltd.
Water glass Analytical pure Beijing chemical reagent three factory
Tellurobismuthite Analytical pure Guangzhou Chemical Reagent Factory
Table 2
  S11 S22 S33 S44 S55 S66 S77 S88 S99 D11 D22 D33
Sheet resistance (m Ω/) 2.3 2.0 2.4 2.2 1.8 2.2 1.7 2.5 2.5 2.9 3.1 5.6
Phototransformation rate % 15.8 16.1 15.7 15.9 16.3 15.8 16.3 15.6 15.5 15.2 14.5 11.5
From data in table 2, conventional oxidation composition formula adopts method of the present invention, without quench treatment gained glass powder, and obtained solar battery sheet poor-performing; The glass powder obtained after high-temperature fusion and quench treatment, obtained solar cell piece performance increases, but preparation process is complicated; And adopt the solar battery sheet obtained by glass powder of the present invention, and suitable with the solar cell piece performance that conventional oxidation composition formula melting quench gained glass powder is obtained, be even slightly better than conventional formulation.Illustrate thus, glass powder of the present invention, not only preparation method is simple, without the need to through high temperature melting, quenching, process of grinding and to sieve etc., directly each component Homogeneous phase mixing can be obtained, and superior performance, glass powder formula of the present invention can replace existing conventional glass frit formula completely.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, all any amendments done within the spirit and principles in the present invention, equivalent replacement and improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. a glass powder, is characterized in that, described glass powder comprises sodium stannate, sodium metaborate, water glass and Tellurobismuthite; With the mass percentage of glass powder for benchmark, the content of sodium stannate is 5-30%; The content of sodium metaborate is 1-20%; The content of water glass is 1-20%; The content of Tellurobismuthite is 40-70%.
2. glass powder as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, with the mass percentage of glass powder for benchmark, the content of sodium stannate is 10-30%; The content of sodium metaborate is 5-18%; The content of water glass is 10-15%; The content of Tellurobismuthite is 50-65%.
3. glass powder as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described particle size of glass powder scope is 0.2-5 micron.
4., as a preparation method for glass powder as described in any one in claim 1-3, comprise and sodium stannate, sodium metaborate, water glass and Tellurobismuthite are mixed.
5. the preparation method of glass powder as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that, described mixing is realized by ball milling.
6. a conductive silver paste, comprises silver powder, glass powder and organic carrier, it is characterized in that, described glass powder is glass powder described in any one in claim 1-3.
7. conductive silver paste as claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that, with the mass percentage of conductive silver paste for benchmark, the content of described silver powder is 65-90%; The content of described glass powder is 1-10%; The content of described organic carrier is 5-30%.
8. conductive silver paste as claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that, described silver powder comprises spherical silver powder and flake silver powder, and described spherical silver Powder Particle Size scope is 0.1-5 micron; Described flake silver powder size range is 1-10 micron.
9. conductive silver paste as claimed in claim 8, it is characterized in that, with the mass percentage of silver powder for benchmark, the content of described spherical silver powder is 30-90%; The content of described flake silver powder is 70-10%.
10. the preparation method of conductive silver paste as described in claim 6 to 9 any one, comprises after silver powder, glass powder and organic carrier tentatively being mixed, then grinding is evenly on three-roll grinder.
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