CN114999260A - Simulation training device for excavator - Google Patents
Simulation training device for excavator Download PDFInfo
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- CN114999260A CN114999260A CN202210763501.XA CN202210763501A CN114999260A CN 114999260 A CN114999260 A CN 114999260A CN 202210763501 A CN202210763501 A CN 202210763501A CN 114999260 A CN114999260 A CN 114999260A
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- 238000012549 training Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 93
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 73
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 50
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 18
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 abstract description 14
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 14
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000013519 translation Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 13
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001680 brushing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002283 diesel fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 silt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09B—EDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
- G09B9/00—Simulators for teaching or training purposes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B08—CLEANING
- B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
- B08B1/00—Cleaning by methods involving the use of tools
- B08B1/10—Cleaning by methods involving the use of tools characterised by the type of cleaning tool
- B08B1/12—Brushes
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- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electrically Operated Instructional Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The application discloses real device of instructing of excavator emulation relates to excavator equipment field, includes: the training platform, the simulation digging arm and the control platform; the simulated digging arm is arranged above the practical training platform; the front side of the console is provided with a control assembly, and the control assembly is used for controlling the simulation digging arm; wherein, the display and the protection component are detachably assembled above the console; the simulation excavator arm is arranged on the practical training platform, has the advantages of small volume, light weight, convenient operation and remote control, and can guide students to actively think, creatively design and train the comprehensive design capability and practical ability of the students; but through the fender assembly who sets up the split on the control cabinet, utilize the air pump to accomplish the inflation to the utricule, can change the protective area of whole protection plate group, the activity strip also can drive automatic brush board translation simultaneously, accomplishes the cleaning to real standard platform surface, and it is very convenient to use.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of excavator equipment, and particularly relates to an excavator simulation training device.
Background
An excavator, also known as a digging machine, is an earthwork machine that excavates materials higher or lower than a bearing surface with a bucket and loads the materials into a transport vehicle or unloads the materials to a stockyard; the materials excavated by the excavator mainly comprise soil, coal, silt, soil subjected to pre-loosening and rocks; in view of the development of construction machines in recent years, the development of excavators is relatively fast, and the excavator becomes one of the most important construction machines in construction; the most important three parameters of the excavator: operating weight (mass), engine power and bucket capacity.
Common excavator structures comprise a power device, a working device, a swing mechanism, a control mechanism, a transmission mechanism, a walking mechanism, auxiliary facilities and the like; the transmission mechanism transmits the power of the engine to actuating elements such as a hydraulic motor, a hydraulic cylinder and the like through the hydraulic pump to push the working device to act, so that various operations are completed; when the excavator work experiment is carried out, a simulation type excavator is used, the excavator for the traditional practical training does not have a travelling mechanism and some unnecessary auxiliary facilities,
the simulation excavator and the normal excavator are provided with working devices, the working devices are main components of the hydraulic excavator and are mainly used for excavating soil below a stop surface, the used backhoe working device comprises a movable arm, an arm, a bucket, a rocker, a connecting rod, a hydraulic pipeline of the working device including a movable arm oil cylinder, an arm oil cylinder and a bucket oil cylinder and other main components, and the movable arm moves along a transmission route: the diesel engine-coupling-hydraulic pump (converting mechanical energy into hydraulic energy) -distribution valve-movable arm cylinder (converting hydraulic energy into mechanical energy) -realizes the movement of the movable arm; the bucket motion transmission route is as follows: the diesel engine, a coupling, a hydraulic pump (converting mechanical energy into hydraulic energy), a distribution valve and a bucket cylinder (converting hydraulic energy into mechanical energy) realize the motion of a bucket.
However, in the use process of the traditional simulation excavator, the technology is found to have at least the following problems:
1. traditional emulation is dug quick-witted specification great, need consume a large amount of diesel oil when supplying with the student and training, in addition, needs closely to control among the training process, and the student can the mistake in the inevitable when training, controls still can have certain risk for the student by oneself.
2. Even if the miniature excavator is used for experimental operation, the condition of injury to the safety of students can be caused when training still occurs.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved is as follows:
aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a simulation training device of an excavator, wherein a simulation excavator arm is arranged on a training platform, and the whole simulation excavator arm has the advantages of small volume, light weight, convenient operation and remote control and can guide students to actively think, creatively design and train the comprehensive design capability and practical ability of the students; the detachable protection component is arranged on the control console, the air pump is used for inflating the bag body, the protection area of the whole protection plate group can be changed, so that the operation error is avoided, the simulation excavator arm damages an operator, and meanwhile, the movable strip can also drive the automatic brush plate to translate, so that the cleaning treatment on the surface of the practical training platform is completed, and the use is very convenient; the problems mentioned in the background art are solved.
The technical scheme is as follows:
in order to realize the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
an excavator simulation training device comprises: the training platform, the simulation digging arm and the control platform;
the simulation digging arm is arranged above the practical training platform; the front side of the console is provided with a control assembly, and the control assembly is used for controlling the simulation digging arm; the upper portion of the console is detachably provided with a display and a protection assembly, the display is used for playing videos of excavator operation instructions, and the protection assembly is used for separating the control assembly and the simulation excavator arm.
In one possible implementation form of the method,
universal wheels are mounted at four corners of the bottom end of the training platform;
a door plate is assembled on the front side of the practical training platform;
a transfer groove is formed in the position, close to the simulated excavator arm, of the upper surface of the practical training platform, and a material groove group is welded on the outer wall of the practical training platform;
the material groove group comprises a first material groove and a second material groove, the first material groove and the second material groove are positioned on two right-angle sides of the practical training platform, discharge grooves are formed in the inner wall of the second material groove, are distributed in an inclined mode and are communicated with the transfer grooves; specifically, the door plate is assembled on the front side of the practical training platform, the practical training platform is hollow inside, other necessary structural components can be placed or installed in the formed cavity, the door plate at the position has the effect of sealing the cavity, and in addition, the door plate is provided with a lock catch and can be locked, so that non-workers are prevented from freely opening the door plate; the position, close to the simulation digging arm, of the upper surface of the practical training platform is provided with a transfer groove, and a material groove group is welded on the outer wall of the practical training platform.
In one possible implementation form of the method,
the simulation arm of digging includes: the transmission arm group, the bucket and the support;
the transmission arm group comprises a main arm and a support arm which are connected in a rotating way; the excavator bucket is movably arranged at one end of the transmission arm group; the support is movably arranged at the other end of the transmission arm group.
Hydraulic rods are installed at all joints of the simulation excavator arm, a base is welded below the support and fixedly connected with the table top of the practical training table through screws, and a rotary table is installed below the base and used for driving the simulation excavator arm to rotate; the simulation excavator arm is arranged on the practical training platform, the whole simulation excavator arm has the advantages of small size, light weight, convenience in operation and remote control, and can guide students to actively think, creatively design and train comprehensive design ability and practical ability of the students.
The position department that real standard platform upper surface is located the emulation arm rear of digging installs the hydraulic pressure platform, and the hydraulic pressure platform is used for controlling each hydraulic stem.
In one possible implementation form of the method,
the control assembly comprises a touch control plate, a cross rocker and a plurality of electric control buttons which are sequentially distributed; the touch pad is used for controlling the protection component; the cross rocker is used for controlling the hydraulic platform; the control assembly on the control platform can be connected with a power supply arranged in the practical training platform, so that the output control of the power supply and the control of the whole device are realized; the display is the same with the mounting means of protection component, all can carry out the dismouting of horizontal formula, but both fixed modes are different, and the display is mainly fixed a position through miniature cylinder, and protection component is then accomplished the location through connecing electric mechanism.
In one possible implementation of the method according to the invention,
the upper surface of the control console is provided with an assembly groove with a T-shaped section for assembling the protection assembly and the display, and the display is connected with the control console through a power connection mechanism;
the power connection mechanism comprises a contact and a power connection piece;
the contact consists of a bump and an elastic piece, and the elastic piece is used for connecting the display and the bump; the electric connecting piece is embedded on the inner wall of the assembling groove and is connected with the control assembly through a lead; the working personnel weld one end of the elastic piece with the electric plate arranged at the bottom end of the display, the other end of the elastic piece is welded with the bump, and then the electric connecting piece is assembled at a proper position on the inner wall of the assembling groove in an embedding manner, so that the electric connecting piece is connected with the power supply through a lead;
when the display is installed, a user holds the display by hand and inserts the display into the assembling groove; the contact in the power connection mechanism slides on the inner wall of the assembling groove, and meanwhile, the elastic piece is always in an elastic compression state; and when the position of the contact corresponds to the position of the power receiving piece, the elastic restoring force of the elastic piece is utilized to enable the contact to move downwards and cling to the corresponding power receiving piece, so that the contact is attached to the power receiving piece, and the positioning and power supply processing of the display are completed.
In one possible implementation form of the method,
the protection component comprises: a protection plate group and an air pump,
the air pump is arranged on the surface of the console; wherein, protective plate group contains fixed strip and the activity strip of slidingtype assembly in the assembly tank, and connects through the utricule between fixed strip and the activity strip, and the inboard of activity strip is provided with the brush board, and the length of brush board is unanimous with the width of instructing the platform in fact, assembles a plurality of springs in the utricule, and the air pump is used for the utricule air feed.
The surface of the control console is provided with a micro cylinder at a position above the air pump, an output shaft matched with the micro cylinder is provided with an insertion tube, the insertion tube is communicated with an air outlet of the air pump through a hose, the insertion tube is inserted into a through hole preset at the bottom end of the fixing strip, and the through hole is communicated with the bag body; but through the protective assembly who sets up the split on the control cabinet, utilize the air pump to accomplish the inflation to the utricule, can change the protective area of whole protective plate group to avoid controlling the error, the emulation is dug the horn and is caused the damage to controlling personnel, and the movable strip also can drive automatic brush board translation simultaneously, accomplishes the cleaning to real standard platform surface, and it is very convenient to use.
A user firstly inserts the whole protection plate group into the corresponding assembly groove, so that the fixed strips in the protection plate group move to the designated positions, then the micro air cylinder drives the insertion tube to move in an inclined downward mode by operating the touch control plate until the insertion tube is completely inserted into the through hole at the bottom end of the fixed strip to form the state shown in fig. 7, then the air pump inflates the bag body by operating the touch control plate, the position of the fixed strip is fixed in the inflating process, the bag body continuously extends, the movable strip also moves horizontally in the assembly groove, the distance between the fixed strip and the movable strip can be changed according to the inflating quantity, and meanwhile, the more the inflating quantity, the higher the stretching degree of the spring in the bag body is (specifically, an air valve can be installed on the air outlet of the air pump to control the closing or opening of the air outlet of the air pump);
after whole practice operation, the air pump is closed, and the pneumatic valve is opened for the internal gas outgoing of bag, utricule resilient force effect at the spring is the reconversion down simultaneously, makes the activity strip move towards the position of fixed strip all the time, still can drive the brush board when the activity strip removes and carry out the translation, has accomplished the cleaning to real standard platform upper surface in the back.
Has the advantages that:
firstly, in the scheme, the simulation excavator arm is arranged on the practical training platform, and the whole simulation excavator arm has the advantages of small volume, light weight, convenience in operation and remote control, and can guide students to actively think, creatively design and train the comprehensive design capability and practical and manual capability of the students;
secondly, in this scheme, through the protection component that sets up the split on the control cabinet, utilize the air pump to accomplish the inflation to the utricule, can change the protection area of whole protective plate group to avoid controlling the error, the emulation is dug the machine arm and is caused the damage to controlling personnel, and the movable strip also can drive automatic brush board translation simultaneously, accomplishes the cleaning to real standard platform surface, and it is very convenient to use.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a simulated excavator arm of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of the detail A of FIG. 1 in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of the partial structure B of FIG. 1 in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the console configuration of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of the shield assembly of the present invention.
Reference numerals: 1. a training platform; 2. simulating a digging arm; 201. a main arm; 202. a support arm; 203. a support; 204. a base; 205. a turntable; 206. excavating a bucket; 3. a console; 4. a cross rocker; 5. a guard assembly; 501. a fixing strip; 502. a movable bar; 503. a capsule body; 6. a display; 7. a door panel; 8. a universal wheel; 9. brushing the board; 10. assembling a groove; 11. a touch pad; 12. an air pump; 13. a discharge chute; 14. a first trough; 15. a second trough; 16. a transfer tank; 17. a micro cylinder; 18. inserting a tube; 19. a contact; 20. and (6) connecting the electric piece.
Detailed Description
The embodiment of the application provides the excavator simulation practical training device, the simulation excavator arm is arranged on the practical training platform, and the whole simulation excavator arm has the advantages of small size, light weight, convenience in operation and remote control, and can guide students to actively think, creatively design and train the comprehensive design capability and practical ability of the students; the detachable protection component is arranged on the control console, the air pump is used for inflating the bag body, the protection area of the whole protection plate group can be changed, so that the operation error is avoided, the simulation excavator arm damages an operator, and meanwhile, the movable strip can also drive the automatic brush plate to translate, so that the cleaning treatment on the surface of the practical training platform is completed, and the use is very convenient; the problems in the prior art are solved.
In order to solve the above problems, the technical solution in the embodiment of the present application has the following general idea:
1-training platform
The universal wheels are mounted at the four corners of the bottom end of the practical training platform, and as can be seen from fig. 4, the universal wheels are provided with brake devices, so that the whole practical training platform can be driven to freely move, and the stable position of the practical training platform in use can be ensured;
specifically, the door plate is assembled on the front side of the practical training platform, the practical training platform is hollow inside, other necessary structural components can be placed or installed in the formed cavity, the door plate at the position has the effect of sealing the cavity, and in addition, the door plate is provided with a lock catch and can be locked, so that non-workers are prevented from freely opening the door plate; a transfer groove is formed in the position, close to the simulated excavator arm, of the upper surface of the practical training platform, and a material groove group is welded to the outer wall of the practical training platform;
the material groove group comprises a first material groove and a second material groove, the first material groove and the second material groove are positioned on two right-angle sides of the practical training platform, discharge grooves are formed in the inner wall of the second material groove, are distributed in an inclined mode and are communicated with the transfer grooves;
a transfer groove is formed in the position, close to the simulated excavator arm, of the upper surface of the practical training platform, and a material groove group is welded to the outer wall of the practical training platform;
the material groove group comprises a first material groove and a second material groove, the first material groove and the second material groove are positioned on two right-angle edges of the practical training platform, discharge grooves are formed in the inner wall of the second material groove, are distributed in an inclined mode and are communicated with the transfer grooves; if the students need to carry out the operation of the external machine, the workers can fill gravels or other materials needing to be moved in the first material groove and the second material groove in advance, then the students control the simulation excavator arm to rotate, excavate and the like by controlling the cross rocker, so that the materials in the first material groove or the second material groove can be shoveled by the excavator bucket, and then the materials in the excavator bucket are dumped into the transfer groove;
because the transfer tank inner wall is the tilting and distributes for the material that is located the transfer tank can freely the landing, discharges through the blown down tank, and enters into No. two silos, makes the material circulate between each inslot, reaches the training purpose promptly, also avoids or reduces the condition that the staff carries out manual transfer with each inslot material.
Above-mentioned whole emulation is dug the horn and can follow and is demolishd on the real standard platform, then carries out subsequent change and handle, and whole emulation is dug the horn and is used with silo group complex, can place the material in silo group, makes things convenient for the student to operate by hand.
2-simulation digging machine arm
The simulation digging arm is arranged above the practical training platform;
specifically, the simulation arm of digging a plane includes: the device comprises a transmission arm set, an excavator bucket and a support;
the transmission arm group comprises a main arm and a support arm which are connected in a rotating mode; the bucket is movably arranged at one end of the transmission arm group; the support is movably arranged at the other end of the transmission arm group.
Hydraulic stem is all installed to each joint department that the horn was dug in the emulation, the welding of the below of support has the base, and passes through screw fixed connection between the mesa of base and real standard platform, the revolving stage is installed to the below of base, is used for the drive the horn is dug in the emulation rotates.
A hydraulic platform is installed on the upper surface of the practical training platform at the position behind the simulation excavator arm, and the hydraulic platform is used for operating each hydraulic rod; the simulation excavator arm is arranged on the practical training platform, the whole simulation excavator arm has the advantages of small size, light weight, convenience in operation and remote control, and can guide students to actively think, creatively design and train comprehensive design ability and practical ability of the students.
3-control desk
The front side of the console is provided with a control assembly, and the control assembly is used for controlling the simulation digging arm; wherein, the top of the console is detachably provided with a display and a protection component.
Specifically, the control assembly comprises a touch control plate, a cross rocker and a plurality of electric control buttons which are distributed in sequence; the touch pad is used for controlling the protection component; the cross rocker is used for operating the hydraulic platform;
the hydraulic station (i.e. a pump station) adopts a variable vane pump;
the rated flow of the variable vane pump is 8ml/r, and the rated pressure is 6.3 Mpa.
The variable vane pump is a common hydraulic oil pump and has the advantages of low noise, high working efficiency, relatively low cost and the like. The heat dissipation type variable vane pump is a typical variable vane pump, has more advantages than a common vane pump, has good heat dissipation, is more favorable for reducing the heat in the variable vane pump when used in a high-temperature environment, and protects the variable vane pump and a motor from being burnt out due to high temperature;
the working principle is as follows: the inner surface of the stator of the variable vane pump is circular, the eccentricity is reserved between the rotor and the stator, and only one oil suction window and one oil pressing window are arranged on the oil distribution disc. When the rotor is driven by the motor to rotate in the direction of the arrow shown in the figure, the blades extend out of the blade grooves under the action of centrifugal force when passing through the lower half part of the stator, and the sealing volume between the two blades is increased, so that oil absorption is realized; when the vane passes through the upper half part of the stator, the vane is gradually pressed into the vane slot by the inner surface of the stator, the sealing volume is reduced, and oil pressing is realized. The rotor of the pump rotates once, and the oil is sucked and pressed once by each sealed volume. The displacement of the pump can be changed by changing the eccentricity between the stator and the rotor, so the variable vane pump is called
And an assembly groove with a T-shaped section is formed in the upper surface of the control console and used for assembling the protection assembly and the display.
The control assembly on the control platform can be connected with a power supply arranged in the practical training platform, so that the output control of the power supply and the control of the whole device are realized; the display is the same with the mounting means of protection component, all can carry out the dismouting of horizontal formula, but both fixed modes are different, and the display is mainly fixed a position through miniature cylinder, and protection component is then accomplished the location through connecing electric mechanism.
4-display
The display is used for playing videos of the excavator operation instructions.
Specifically, the display is connected with the console through a power connection mechanism;
the power connection mechanism comprises a contact and a power connection piece;
the contact consists of a lug and an elastic piece, and the elastic piece is used for connecting the display and the lug; the electric connecting piece is embedded on the inner wall of the assembling groove and is connected with the control assembly through a lead; a worker welds one end of the elastic piece with an electric plate arranged at the bottom end of the display, and the other end of the elastic piece is welded with the bump, and then the electric connecting piece is assembled at a proper position of the inner wall of the assembling groove in an embedding manner (specifically referring to fig. 6), so that the electric connecting piece is connected with the power supply through a lead;
when the display is installed, a user holds the display by hand and inserts the display into the assembling groove; the contact in the power connection mechanism slides on the inner wall of the assembling groove, and meanwhile, the elastic piece is always in an elastic compression state; and when the position of the contact corresponds to the position of the power receiving piece, the elastic restoring force of the elastic piece is utilized to enable the contact to move downwards and cling to the corresponding power receiving piece, so that the contact is attached to the power receiving piece, and the positioning and power supply processing of the display are completed.
5-protective assembly
The protection assembly is used for separating the control assembly and the simulation excavator arm
Specifically, the protection component comprises: a protection plate group and an air pump,
the air pump is arranged on the surface of the console; wherein, protective plate group contains fixed strip and the activity strip of slidingtype assembly in the assembly tank, and connects through the utricule between fixed strip and the activity strip, the inboard of activity strip is provided with the brush board, and the length of brush board is unanimous with the width of real standard platform, a plurality of springs of internal assembly of bag, the air pump is used for the utricule air feed.
The surface of the control console is provided with a micro cylinder at a position above the air pump, an output shaft matched with the micro cylinder is provided with an insertion tube, the insertion tube is communicated with an air outlet of the air pump through a hose, the insertion tube is inserted into a through hole preset at the bottom end of the fixing strip, and the through hole is communicated with the bag body; but through the protective assembly who sets up the split on the control cabinet, utilize the air pump to accomplish the inflation to the utricule, can change the protective area of whole protective plate group to avoid controlling the error, the emulation is dug the horn and is caused the damage to controlling personnel, and the movable strip also can drive automatic brush board translation simultaneously, accomplishes the cleaning to real standard platform surface, and it is very convenient to use.
A user firstly inserts the whole protection plate group into the corresponding assembly groove, so that the fixed strips in the protection plate group move to the designated positions, then the micro air cylinder drives the insertion tube to move in an inclined downward mode by operating the touch control plate until the insertion tube is completely inserted into the through hole at the bottom end of the fixed strip to form the state shown in fig. 7, then the air pump inflates the bag body by operating the touch control plate, the position of the fixed strip is fixed in the inflating process, the bag body continuously extends, the movable strip also moves horizontally in the assembly groove, the distance between the fixed strip and the movable strip can be changed according to the inflating quantity, and meanwhile, the more the inflating quantity, the higher the stretching degree of the spring in the bag body is (specifically, an air valve can be installed on the air outlet of the air pump to control the closing or opening of the air outlet of the air pump);
after whole practice operation, the air pump is closed, and the pneumatic valve is opened for the internal gas outgoing of bag, utricule resilient force effect at the spring is the reconversion down simultaneously, makes the activity strip move towards the position of fixed strip all the time, still can drive the brush board when the activity strip removes and carry out the translation, has accomplished the cleaning to real standard platform upper surface in the back.
Example 1:
in this embodiment, a specific structure of the whole device is shown in fig. 1 to 7, and an excavator simulation training device includes: the training platform 1, the simulation digging arm 2 and the control platform 3; excavating machinery reduces the proportion preparation according to the object structure in this application, and the operation in the simulation scene can really embody mechanical operating condition, makes the student know mechanical each part structure and theory of operation in the practice, and experiment control adopts cross rocker 4 control.
The simulated digging arm 2 is arranged above the practical training platform 1; the front side of the control platform 3 is provided with a control assembly, and the control assembly is used for controlling the simulation digging arm 2; the display 6 and the protection component 5 are detachably assembled above the control console 3, the display 6 is used for playing videos of excavator operation instructions, and the protection component 5 is used for separating the control component and the simulation excavator arm 2.
Specifically, the whole simulation digging arm 2 can be detached from the practical training platform 1 and then subjected to subsequent replacement treatment, and the whole simulation digging arm 2 is matched with the trough group for use, so that materials can be placed in the trough group, and the operation is convenient for students to operate manually;
the control assembly on the control platform 3 can be connected with a power supply arranged in the practical training platform 1, so that the output control of the power supply and the control of the whole device are realized;
the display 6 and the protection component 5 are mounted in the same way and can be transversely assembled and disassembled, but the display 6 and the protection component 5 are fixed in different ways, the display 6 is mainly positioned through the micro cylinder 17, and the protection component 5 is positioned through the power connection mechanism.
In some of the examples of the method,
the universal wheels 8 are mounted at the four corners of the bottom end of the practical training platform 1, and as can be seen by referring to fig. 4, the universal wheels 8 are provided with brake devices, so that the whole practical training platform 1 can be driven to freely move, and the stability of the practical training platform 1 in use can be ensured;
in the context of a particular application, the user may,
the front side of the practical training platform 1 is provided with a door plate 7, the practical training platform 1 is hollow, other necessary structural components can be placed or installed in the formed cavity, the door plate 7 at the position has the function of sealing the cavity, and in addition, the door plate 7 is provided with a lock catch and can be locked, so that non-workers are prevented from freely opening the door plate 7;
a transfer groove 16 is formed in the position, close to the simulated excavator arm 2, of the upper surface of the practical training platform 1, and a material groove group is welded on the outer wall of the practical training platform 1;
the silo group contains a silo 14 and No. two silos 15, and a silo 14 and No. two silos 15 are located two right angle edges of real standard platform 1, and No. two silo 15 inner walls have seted up blown down tank 13, and blown down tank 13 is the tilting and distributes to be linked together with the transfer tank 16.
In the context of a particular application, the user may,
if the students need to operate the external machine, the workers can fill sand or other materials needing to move in the first material groove 14 and the second material groove 15 in advance, then the students control the simulation excavator arm 2 to rotate, excavate and the like by controlling the cross rocker 4, so that the materials in the first material groove 14 or the second material groove 15 can be shoveled by the excavator bucket 206, and then the materials in the excavator bucket 206 are dumped into the transfer groove 16;
because 16 inner walls of transfer tank are the tilting and distribute for the material that is located transfer tank 16 can freely the landing, discharges through blown down tank 13, and enters into silo No. two 15, makes the material circulate between each inslot, reaches the training purpose promptly, also avoids or reduces the condition that the staff carries out manual transfer with each inslot material.
In some examples, the simulated excavator arm 2 includes: a drive armset, a bucket 206, and a support 203;
the transmission arm set comprises a main arm 201 and a supporting arm 202 which are connected in a rotating way; the bucket 206 is movably arranged at one end of the transmission arm group; the support 203 is movably arranged at the other end of the transmission arm group.
In particular, the method comprises the following steps of,
the following joint positions are provided between the bucket 206 and the main arm 201, between the main arm 201 and the support arm 202, and between the support arm 202 and the support 203, and the turntable 205 can drive the support 203 to rotate and adjust, and as shown in fig. 2, the position where the bucket 206 is provided can be set in forward and reverse directions, and can be specifically designed according to the situation.
Hydraulic rods are installed at all joints of the simulation digging arm 2, a base 204 is welded below the support 203, the base 204 is fixedly connected with the table board of the practical training table 1 through screws, and a rotary table 205 is installed below the base 204 and used for driving the simulation digging arm 2 to rotate.
A hydraulic platform is installed on the upper surface of the practical training platform 1 and is positioned behind the simulation digging arm 2, and the hydraulic platform is used for operating each hydraulic rod; when the device is used specifically, the experimental part can adopt a pressure-resistant rubber pipe, and a hydraulic platform (namely a pump station) adopts a variable vane pump;
in addition, the cross rocker 4 in the whole practical training device can be provided with three-phase leakage protection, the output voltage is 380v/220v, the leakage protection is provided, the electric appliance control adopts direct current 24v, and overvoltage protection is provided, so that the equipment is prevented from being damaged by error overload;
the main technical parameters of the practical training device in the application are as follows:
motor in the turntable 205: AC380V, power 1.5KW, 1500 r/min;
the rated flow of the variable vane pump is 8ml/r, and the rated pressure is 6.3 Mpa.
The variable vane pump is a common hydraulic oil pump and has the advantages of low noise, high working efficiency, relatively low cost and the like. The heat dissipation type variable vane pump is a typical variable vane pump, has more advantages than a common vane pump, is good in heat dissipation, is more beneficial to reducing heat in the variable vane pump when used in a high-temperature environment, and protects the variable vane pump and a motor from being burnt out due to high temperature;
the working principle is as follows: the inner surface of the stator of the variable vane pump is circular, the eccentricity is reserved between the rotor and the stator, and only one oil suction window and one oil pressing window are arranged on the oil distribution disc. When the rotor is driven by the motor to rotate in the arrow direction, the blades extend out of the blade grooves under the action of centrifugal force when passing through the lower half part of the stator, and the sealing volume between the two blades is increased, so that oil absorption is realized; when the vane passes through the upper half part of the stator, the vane is gradually pressed into the vane slot by the inner surface of the stator, the sealing volume is reduced, and oil pressing is realized. The rotor of the pump rotates once, and the oil is sucked and pressed once by each sealed volume. The displacement of the pump can be changed by changing the eccentricity between the stator and the rotor, so the variable vane pump is called.
In the specific experiment, the test paper is put into practical use,
the cross rocker 4 controls the rotation operation, and the transmission arm group is lifted and the support 203 rotates; the cross rocker 4 controls the unloading operation, and the position and the height of the bucket 206 and the transmission arm set can be adjusted simultaneously; the cross-rocker 4 controls the return, the support 203 rotates back and the bucket 206 and the driving arm cooperate back to the excavation starting position.
By adopting the technical scheme:
the simulation digging machine arm 2 is arranged on the practical training platform 1, and the whole simulation digging machine arm 2 has the advantages of small size, light weight, convenience in operation and remote control, and can guide students to actively think, creatively design, and train comprehensive design ability and practical ability of the students.
Example 2:
based on embodiment 1, this embodiment provides a specific structure of a display, and as shown in fig. 1 to 7, a simulation training device for an excavator includes: the training platform 1, the simulation digging arm 2 and the control platform 3;
the simulated digging arm 2 is arranged above the practical training platform 1; the front side of the control platform 3 is provided with a control assembly, and the control assembly is used for controlling the simulation digging arm 2; wherein, the top of control cabinet 3 is detachable to be equipped with display 6 and protective assembly 5, and display 6 is used for playing the video of excavator operation description, and protective assembly 5 is used for separating control assembly and emulation arm 2 of digging.
In some examples, the control assembly includes a touch pad 11, a cross-shaped joystick 4, and a plurality of electric control buttons, which are sequentially distributed; the touch pad 11 is used for controlling the protection component 5; the cross rocker 4 is used for operating the hydraulic platform, the touch pad 11 at the position is operated in a touch screen mode, and a controller of a PLC226 model is arranged in the touch pad 11 and can drive the whole protection assembly 5.
In some examples of the method of the present invention,
an assembly groove 10 with a T-shaped section is formed in the upper surface of the control console 3 and used for assembling the protection assembly 5 and the display 6, and the display 6 is connected with the control console 3 through an electric connection mechanism; the above-mentioned assembling groove 10 can limit the moving track of the protection component 5 and the display 6.
The power connection mechanism comprises a contact 19 and a power connection piece 20;
wherein, the contact 19 is composed of a bump and an elastic member, the elastic member is used for connecting the display 6 and the bump; the electric connecting piece 20 is embedded on the inner wall of the assembling groove 10 and is connected with the operation and control assembly through a lead.
When the butt joint motor structure is specifically assembled:
a worker welds one end of the elastic piece with an electric plate arranged at the bottom end of the display 6 and the other end of the elastic piece with the bump, and then assembles the electric connecting piece 20 to a proper position of the inner wall of the assembly groove 10 in an embedding manner (specifically referring to fig. 6), so that the electric connecting piece 20 is connected with a power supply through a lead;
when the display 6 is mounted:
s1, the user holds the display 6 and inserts the display 6 into the assembly groove 10;
s2, the contact 19 in the power connection mechanism slides on the inner wall of the assembling groove 10, and meanwhile, the elastic piece is always in an elastic compression state;
and S3, moving the contact 19 downwards by utilizing the elastic restoring force of the elastic piece until the contact 19 corresponds to the position of the electric connecting piece 20, and enabling the contact 19 to be attached to the corresponding electric connecting piece 20, so that the attachment of the contact 19 and the electric connecting piece 20 is realized, and the positioning and power supply processing of the display 6 is completed.
By adopting the technical scheme:
the power connection mechanism is arranged below the display 6, after the whole display 6 is assembled in the assembling groove 10 in a sliding mode, the contact 19 is in contact with the power connection piece 20, the display 6 is positioned and processed, meanwhile, power supply processing of the display 6 is achieved, the whole display 6 can be powered off when being detached, and the display 6 is convenient to maintain or replace.
Example 3:
based on embodiment 1, the present embodiment provides a specific structure of a protection component, and as shown in fig. 1 to 7, a simulation training device for an excavator includes: the training platform 1, the simulation digging arm 2 and the control platform 3;
the simulated digging arm 2 is arranged above the practical training platform 1; the front side of the control platform 3 is provided with a control assembly, and the control assembly is used for controlling the simulation digging arm 2; the display 6 and the protection component 5 are detachably assembled above the control console 3, the display 6 is used for playing videos of excavator operation instructions, and the protection component 5 is used for separating the control component and the simulation excavator arm 2.
In some examples, the guard assembly 5 comprises: a set of guard plates and an air pump 12,
the air pump 12 is arranged on the surface of the console 3; wherein, protection plate group contains fixed strip 501 and activity strip 502 of slidingtype assembly in the assembly groove 10, and connects through utricule 503 between fixed strip 501 and the activity strip 502, and the inboard of activity strip 502 is provided with brush board 9, and the length of brushing board 9 is unanimous with the width of instructing platform 1, assembles a plurality of springs in the utricule 503, and air pump 12 is used for the air feed to utricule 503.
In a particular application scenario, the user may,
the user first inserts the entire guard plate group into the corresponding fitting groove 10, so that the fixing bar 501 in the guard plate group is moved to a designated position (i.e. the position shown in fig. 7), then, by operating the touch pad 11, the micro cylinder 17 drives the insertion tube 18 to move obliquely downward until the insertion tube is completely inserted into the through hole at the bottom end of the fixing bar 501, so as to form the state shown in fig. 7, and by operating the touch pad 11, so that the air pump 12 inflates the bag body 503, the position of the fixed strip 501 is fixed during the inflation process, the bag body 503 is continuously extended, and the movable strip 502 also translates in the assembly groove 10, the distance between the fixed bar 501 and the movable bar 502 can be changed according to the inflation amount, meanwhile, the more the inflation amount is, the higher the degree of stretching of the spring in the bag body 503 is (specifically, an air valve may be installed on the air outlet of the air pump 12 to control the closing or opening of the air outlet of the air pump 12);
after the whole operation, the air pump 12 is closed, the air valve is opened, so that the air in the capsule body 503 is discharged, and meanwhile, the capsule body 503 is restored to the original state under the action of the elastic restoring force of the spring, so that the movable strip 502 always moves towards the position of the fixed strip 501, the movable strip 502 can also drive the brush board 9 to translate when moving, and the cleaning treatment on the upper surface of the practical training platform 1 is finished.
The surface of the console 3 is provided with a micro cylinder 17 at a position above the air pump 12, an output shaft matched with the micro cylinder 17 is provided with an insertion tube 18, the insertion tube 18 is communicated with the air outlet of the air pump 12 through a hose, the insertion tube 18 is inserted into a through hole preset at the bottom end of the fixing strip 501, and the through hole is communicated with the bag body 503.
Specifically, the microcylinder 17 described above is used to position the fixing bar 501.
By adopting the technical scheme:
but set up the protective assembly 5 of split on control cabinet 3, utilize air pump 12 to accomplish aerifing to utricule 503, can change the protection area of whole protective plate group 5 to avoid controlling the error, the emulation is dug the horn 2 and is caused the damage to controlling personnel, and the movable strip 502 also can drive brush board 9 automatic translation simultaneously, accomplishes the cleaning treatment to real standard platform 1 surface, and it is very convenient to use.
Finally, it should be noted that: it should be understood that the above examples are only for clearly illustrating the present invention and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications of the invention may be made without departing from the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides an excavator emulation is real to be instructed device which characterized in that includes:
a training platform (1);
the simulation digging arm (2) is arranged above the practical training platform (1); and
the front side of the control console (3) is provided with a control assembly, and the control assembly is used for controlling the simulation digging arm (2);
the upper portion of the control console (3) is detachably provided with a display (6) and a protection assembly (5), the display (6) is used for playing videos of excavator operation instructions, and the protection assembly (5) is used for separating the control assembly and the simulation excavator arm (2).
2. The excavator simulation training device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the four corners of the bottom end of the practical training platform (1) are provided with universal wheels (8), and the front side of the practical training platform (1) is provided with a door plate (7).
3. The excavator simulation training device according to claim 1, characterized in that: a transfer groove (16) is formed in the position, close to the simulated digging arm (2), of the upper surface of the practical training platform (1), and a material groove group is welded to the outer wall of the practical training platform (1);
the silo group contains a silo (14) and No. two silos (15), and a silo (14) and No. two silos (15) are located two right angle edges of real standard platform (1), No. two silo (15) inner walls have seted up blown down tank (13), and blown down tank (13) are the tilting and distribute, and with transfer tank (16) are linked together.
4. The excavator simulation training device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the simulation digging arm (2) comprises:
a transmission arm set comprising a main arm (201) and a support arm (202) which are connected in a rotating manner;
a bucket (206) movably arranged at one end of the transmission arm group; and
and the support (203) is movably arranged at the other end of the transmission arm group.
5. The excavator simulation training device of claim 4, which is characterized in that: hydraulic stem is all installed to each joint department of arm (2) is dug in the emulation, the below welding of support (203) has base (204), and passes through screw fixed connection between base (204) and the mesa of real standard platform (1), revolving stage (205) are installed to the below of base (204), are used for the drive arm (2) are dug in the emulation rotates.
6. The excavator simulation training device according to claim 5, characterized in that: the hydraulic platform is installed at the position, located behind the simulation digging arm (2), of the upper surface of the practical training platform (1), and the hydraulic platform is used for controlling each hydraulic rod.
7. The excavator simulation training device according to claim 6, wherein: the control assembly comprises a touch control plate (11), a cross rocker (4) and a plurality of electric control buttons which are sequentially distributed;
wherein the touch pad (11) is used for operating the protection component (5);
the cross rocker (4) is used for operating the hydraulic platform.
8. The excavator simulation training device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the upper surface of the control console (3) is provided with an assembly groove (10) with a T-shaped section for assembling the protection component (5) and the display (6), the display (6) is connected with the control console (3) through an electric connection mechanism, and the electric connection mechanism comprises a contact (19) and an electric connection piece (20);
wherein the contact (19) consists of a bump and an elastic member for connecting the display (6) and the bump;
the electric connecting piece (20) is embedded on the inner wall of the assembling groove (10) and is connected with the control assembly through a lead.
9. The excavator simulation training device according to claim 8, characterized in that: the guard assembly (5) comprises:
a guard plate group; and
an air pump (12) mounted on the surface of the console (3);
the protection plate group comprises a fixing strip (501) and a movable strip (502) which are assembled in an assembling groove (10) in a sliding mode, the fixing strip (501) and the movable strip (502) are connected through a capsule body (503), a brush plate (9) is arranged on the inner side of the movable strip (502), the length of the brush plate (9) is consistent with the width of the practical training platform (1), a plurality of springs are assembled in the capsule body (503), and an air pump (12) is used for supplying air to the capsule body (503).
10. The excavator simulation training device according to claim 9, wherein: the air pump is characterized in that a micro air cylinder (17) is installed at a position, located above the air pump (12), on the surface of the control console (3), an insertion pipe (18) is arranged on an output shaft matched with the micro air cylinder (17), the air outlets of the insertion pipe (18) and the air pump (12) are communicated through a hose, the insertion pipe (18) is inserted into a through hole preset in the bottom end of the fixing strip (501), and the through hole is communicated with the bag body (503).
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