CN114997559A - Ecological zoning method based on ecological system service balance - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of environmental protection and comprehensive utilization of resources, and discloses an ecological zoning method based on ecological system service balance, which comprises the following specific steps: s1, according to regional characteristics, selecting a required typical ecosystem service function (more than two ecosystem service functions) and carrying out quantitative analysis on a function value of the typical ecosystem service function to obtain a spatial distribution layer of the typical ecosystem service function value. According to the invention, through setting a standard quantitative processing method, relevant information parameters of a certain area are specifically listed, then the relevant information parameters are accurately and quantitatively analyzed and processed in combination with multiple aspects such as natural environment, social development, artificial management and the like, and a corresponding information processing method and a graphic data analysis means are adopted to subdivide a complete and huge area into specific small areas, so that the workload of workers can be reduced, and meanwhile, the understanding and protection of different areas can be completed in a targeted manner to the greatest extent.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of environmental protection and comprehensive utilization of resources, and particularly relates to an ecological zoning method based on ecological system service balance.
Background
The ecological subareas are obtained by dividing areas with similar geographic element characteristics into the same ecological subarea according to the similarity and difference of ecological environment factors, social and economic factors and the like. The ecological subarea is used as an ecological planning analysis frame, so that the regional ecological environment and resources can be effectively managed, and the ecological management efficiency is improved. The current ecological zoning method mainly comprises an empirical method, an index evaluation method, an overlapping method and the like, wherein the empirical method is used for judging and dividing the ecological zoning range according to expert experience; the index evaluation method is to select comprehensive evaluation indexes and determine the ecological subarea range through quantitative evaluation and grading; the superposition method is to generate a comprehensive evaluation map by using special maps such as land utilization, landform, gradient, elevation, vegetation, watershed and soil in a space superposition mode, and to perform ecological zoning based on subjective judgment.
The existing ecological partition method is influenced by strong artificial subjectivity from index selection to partition range division, and the division standard is lack of a quantification method. In addition, the selection of the ecological zoning indexes is mainly based on the consideration of geographic elements and ecological environment elements, the consideration of the structure, process and function of a natural ecological system is lacked, and the ecological zoning method cannot effectively embody the characteristics of the ecological system. And due to the influence of human activities, ecological zoning needs to consider not only the ecological system but also integrate the consideration of the social system. The ecosystem service is used as a bridge for connecting the value and welfare of the ecosystem structure, process, function and social system, and can comprehensively reflect the interaction between the ecosystem and the social system. In addition, the process of ecological zoning is also the process of coordinating the appeal of different interest relatives, and through balance analysis of the ecological system services of the appeal of different interest relatives, the benefits of all parties can be coordinated to form an optimal ecological zoning scheme. Therefore, the ecological system service is used as a carrier, and the ecological subareas are defined through balance analysis, so that the ecological subarea result is relatively optimal. The invention has important practical significance for enriching the theoretical method of ecological subareas, optimizing ecological management and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems, provides an ecological zoning method based on ecological system service balance, and solves the problems in the background art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: the ecological zoning method based on ecological system service balance comprises the following specific steps:
s1, selecting a required typical ecosystem service function (more than two ecosystem service functions) according to regional characteristics, and carrying out quantitative analysis on a function value of the required typical ecosystem service function to obtain a typical ecosystem service function value spatial distribution map layer;
s2, determining a leading ecosystem service function according to the regional characteristics by adopting an expert evaluation method, wherein each typical ecosystem service function except the leading ecosystem service function is the service functions of other ecosystems, so that the typical ecosystem service function is divided into the leading ecosystem service function and the service functions of the other ecosystems;
s3, analyzing the balance/cooperation relationship between the service function of the leading ecological system and the service functions of all other ecological systems based on the Pearson relevance value characteristic, and dividing the service functions of the other ecological systems into two types: coordinating ecosystem service functions and balancing ecosystem service functions;
s4, taking the service function of the leading ecological system as a first variable and the service function of the collaborative ecological system as a second variable, and performing local space balance analysis by using a bivariate local space autocorrelation method to obtain a LISA cluster map of the service function of the leading ecological system and the service function of the collaborative ecological system;
s5, defining high and high types and low types in the LISA clustering types as collaborative situations, defining high and low types and low and high types as balanced situations, and defining non-significant types as compatible situations;
s6, carrying out spatial superposition on the LISA cluster map of the service function of the leading ecological system and the service function of each collaborative ecological system to obtain a total LISA cluster map;
and S7, dividing the area into five ecological subareas according to the classification result of the overall LISA cluster map.
As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the cooperative ecosystem service function in step S3 is specifically the rest ecosystem service functions whose Pearson correlation value with the leading ecosystem service function is a positive value, that is, the rest ecosystem service functions cooperative with the leading ecosystem service function; the balance ecosystem service function is specifically the rest ecosystem service functions with the Pearson correlation value of the leading ecosystem service function being a negative value, namely the rest ecosystem service functions balanced with the leading ecosystem service function.
As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the LISA clustering types in step S4 can be divided into five types: the high-high type-high leading ecosystem service function is a high collaborative ecosystem service function, the low-low type-low leading ecosystem service function is a low collaborative ecosystem service function, the low-high type-low leading ecosystem service function is a high collaborative ecosystem service function, the high-low type-high leading ecosystem service function is a low collaborative ecosystem service function, and the type is not significant-no significant correlation exists.
As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the spatial superimposing method in the step S6 specifically includes: determining the LISA cluster type of each grid by taking the grid as a minimum unit, wherein when a certain grid is only distributed with one type of LISA cluster type, the grid is the LISA cluster type;
when a certain grid is distributed with multiple types of LISA cluster types, firstly, judging the distribution quantity of each type of LISA cluster type, wherein the LISA cluster type with the large distribution quantity is the type of the grid, and if the certain grid is simultaneously distributed with 2 LISA cluster maps of high-high type and 1 LISA cluster map of low-low type, the grid is of high-high type;
if a certain grid is distributed with multiple types of LISA cluster types and the distribution number is the same, determining the LISA cluster type of the grid according to the principle of leading function priority and cooperation type priority: firstly, the type with higher service function of the leading ecological system is preferentially considered under the same condition, namely the high type and the high-low type are preferred, and the low type and the low-high type are next to each other;
then, under the same condition, the collaborative type is considered preferentially, namely the high type > the high-low type > the low-high type;
finally, the significance level of the insignificant type is lowest, and when the insignificant type occurs simultaneously with the high-high, low-low, low-high, and high-low types, the insignificant type is not considered.
As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the five ecological partitions in the step S7 correspond to the LISA cluster map in the step S4 one-to-one respectively, that is, the high dominant ecosystem service function high collaborative ecosystem service function area-high type, the low dominant ecosystem service function low collaborative ecosystem service function area-low type, the high dominant ecosystem service function low collaborative ecosystem service function area-high type, the low dominant ecosystem service function high collaborative ecosystem service function area-low type, and compatible area-insignificant type;
high dominant ecosystem service function high collaborative ecosystem service function area (high type): the dominant ecosystem service function and the collaborative ecosystem service function are both high in value and collaborative, so that the regional development selectivity is high, firstly ecological protection is enhanced, and secondly, the related collaborative ecosystem service function can be reasonably developed and utilized; low dominant ecosystem service function low collaborative ecosystem service function area (low type): the values of the service functions of the leading ecosystem and the service functions of the collaborative ecosystem are low but are relatively collaborative, so that the area aims to jointly promote the coordinated development of the service functions of the leading ecosystem and the collaborative ecosystem; high dominant ecosystem service function low collaborative ecosystem service function area (high and low type): the dominant ecosystem service function and the collaborative ecosystem service function have a trade-off relationship, the dominant ecosystem service function is high, the collaborative ecosystem service function is low, and the dominant ecosystem service function is mainly taken as a regional development direction; low dominant ecosystem service function high collaborative ecosystem service function area (low high type): the dominant ecosystem service function and the collaborative ecosystem service function have a trade-off relation, the dominant ecosystem service function is low, the collaborative ecosystem service function is high, and the collaborative ecosystem service function can be in a regional development direction; compatible zone (insignificant type): the dominant ecosystem service function and the collaborative ecosystem service function have no obvious relation, and the area can be used as a multifunctional utilization area. Finally, in order to facilitate management and utilization, each ecological partition plaque needs to reach a certain area size, so that small plaques smaller than a certain area need to be merged into nearby large plaques to obtain a final ecological partition map.
As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the Pearson correlation value characteristic analysis in the step S3 has the following use conditions and ranges: both variables should be continuous variables obtained by measurement, the population from which both variables come should be normal distribution or unimodal symmetrical distribution close to normal, the variables must be paired data, and the two variables have linear relation.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the invention, a standard quantitative processing method is set, relevant information parameters of a certain area are specifically listed, then the information parameters are subjected to precision and quantitative analysis processing by combining multiple aspects of natural environment, social development, artificial management and the like, a complete and huge area is subdivided into specific small areas by adopting a corresponding information processing method and a corresponding graph data analysis means, and classification and distribution are carried out according to preset indexes, so that the division of different area blocks can be rapidly and accurately finished, the division processing condition also meets the specific actual development requirements, the workload of workers can be reduced, and meanwhile, the understanding and protection of different areas can be finished in a targeted manner to the greatest extent.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of an ecosystem-based service tradeoff ecological zoning method of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a typical ecosystem service space distribution diagram of Anhui province according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating the correlation between the service functions of typical ecosystem of Anhui province in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a LISA clustering chart of the quality of the Anhui province habitat and the service functions of the cooperative ecosystem of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a general LISA cluster diagram of the quality of the Anhui province habitat and the collaborative ecosystem service function of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a final ecological zoning map of Anhui province.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The embodiment of the invention discloses an ecological zoning method based on ecological system service balance, which comprises the following steps of:
s1, taking Anhui province as a research case, firstly selecting a required typical ecosystem service function, selecting a food production function, a carbon storage function, a water source conservation function, a PM2.5 removal function, a habitat quality function and a culture service function as typical ecosystem service functions according to the regional characteristics of Anhui province, and quantitatively evaluating the service function value of each ecosystem to obtain a spatial distribution grid map, wherein the spatial distribution grid map is shown in figure 2.
S2, selecting a habitat quality function as a leading function by adopting an expert evaluation method according to the requirement of strengthening the biodiversity protection of Anhui province, wherein a food production function, a carbon storage function, a water source conservation function, a PM2.5 removal function and a culture service function serve other ecological system functions.
And S3, analyzing the balance/cooperation relationship between the service function of the leading ecological system and the service functions of all the other ecological systems according to the Pearson relevance value characteristic. First, a Pearson correlation value between a habitat quality function leading an ecosystem service function and a food production function, a carbon storage function, a water source conservation function, a PM2.5 removal function, and a cultural service function of the rest ecosystem service functions is calculated (see fig. 3). Wherein the Pearson correlation value of the habitat quality function with the carbon storage function, the water source conserving function, the PM2.5 removing function and the cultural service function is a positive value, and thus the carbon storage function, the water source conserving function, the PM2.5 removing function and the cultural service function are the collaborative ecosystem service functions. The Pearson correlation value of the habitat quality function and the food production function is a negative value, so the food production function is a balanced ecosystem service function.
And S4, respectively obtaining an LISA cluster map of the habitat quality function and the carbon storage function, an LISA cluster map of the habitat quality function and the water source conservation function, an LISA cluster map of the habitat quality function and the PM2.5 removal function, and an LISA cluster map of the habitat quality function and the culture service function by using a bivariate local space autocorrelation method by taking the habitat quality function leading the service function of the ecosystem as a first variable and taking the carbon storage function, the water source conservation function, the PM2.5 removal function and the culture service function of the collaborative ecosystem as second variables, as shown in FIG. 4.
S5, defining a high-high type and a low-high type in the LISA cluster map as cooperative scenarios, defining the high-low type and the low-high type as balance scenarios, and defining an insignificant type as a compatible scenario.
And S6, carrying out spatial superposition on the LISA cluster map of the service function of the leading ecological system and the service functions of the cooperative ecological systems to obtain a total LISA cluster map, as shown in FIG. 5.
S7, dividing the area into five ecological subareas according to the classification result of the total LISA cluster map: high habitat quality functional high collaborative ecosystem service functional area (high type): the habitat quality function and the collaborative ecosystem service function are both high in value and are collaborative, so that the area can be used as an ecological utilization area, and the collaborative ecosystem service function is reasonably developed on the basis of protecting the habitat quality; low habitat quality functional low collaborative ecosystem service functional area (low type): the habitat quality function and the collaborative ecosystem service function are low in value and balanced, so that the area can be used as an ecological reconstruction area to promote the coordinated growth of the habitat quality and the collaborative ecosystem service function; high habitat quality functional low collaborative ecosystem service functional area (high and low class)Type (iv): the habitat quality function and the collaborative ecosystem service function have a trade-off relationship, the habitat quality function is high, the collaborative ecosystem service function is low, and the area is divided into ecological source areas by taking the leading ecosystem service function-the habitat quality function as the area development direction, so that the habitat quality protection is enhanced; low habitat quality functional high collaborative ecosystem service functional area (low high type): the habitat quality function and the collaborative ecosystem service function have a trade-off relation, the habitat quality function is low, the collaborative ecosystem service function is high, the collaborative ecosystem service function is taken as a regional development direction, a region is divided into an ecological development region, and the collaborative ecosystem service function is taken as the regional development direction; compatible zone (insignificant type): the dominant ecosystem service function and the collaborative ecosystem service function have no obvious relation, and the area can be used as a multifunctional utilization area. The ecological subarea plaque needs to reach a certain area size, so that the ecological subarea plaque needs to be less than 10km 2 The small plaques in (a) are merged into the large plaques in the vicinity to obtain the final ecological zoning map, as shown in fig. 6.
It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (6)
1. The ecological zoning method based on the ecological system service balance is characterized in that: the ecological zoning method comprises the following specific steps:
s1, selecting a required typical ecosystem service function (more than two ecosystem service functions) according to regional characteristics, and carrying out quantitative analysis on a function value of the required typical ecosystem service function to obtain a typical ecosystem service function value spatial distribution map layer;
s2, determining a leading ecosystem service function according to the regional characteristics by adopting an expert evaluation method, wherein each typical ecosystem service function except the leading ecosystem service function is the service functions of other ecosystems, so that the typical ecosystem service function is divided into the leading ecosystem service function and the service functions of the other ecosystems;
s3, analyzing the balance/cooperation relationship between the service function of the leading ecological system and the service functions of all other ecological systems based on the Pearson relevance value characteristic, and dividing the service functions of the other ecological systems into two types: coordinating ecosystem service functions and balancing ecosystem service functions;
s4, taking the service function of the leading ecological system as a first variable and the service function of the collaborative ecological system as a second variable, and performing local space balance analysis by using a bivariate local space autocorrelation method to obtain a LISA cluster map of the service function of the leading ecological system and the service function of the collaborative ecological system;
s5, defining high and high types and low types in the LISA clustering types as collaborative situations, defining high and low types and low and high types as balanced situations, and defining non-significant types as compatible situations;
s6, spatially superposing the LISA cluster maps of the service function of the leading ecosystem and the service functions of all the cooperative ecosystems to obtain a total LISA cluster map;
and S7, dividing the area into five ecological subareas according to the classification result of the total LISA cluster map.
2. The ecosystem service tradeoff-based ecological zoning method according to claim 1, wherein: the collaborative ecosystem service function in the step S3 is specifically the rest ecosystem service functions of which the Pearson correlation value with the leading ecosystem service function is a positive value, that is, the rest ecosystem service functions collaborative with the leading ecosystem service function; the balance ecosystem service function is specifically the rest ecosystem service functions with the Pearson correlation value of the leading ecosystem service function being a negative value, namely the rest ecosystem service functions balanced with the leading ecosystem service function.
3. The ecosystem service tradeoff-based ecological zoning method according to claim 1, wherein: the LISA cluster types in step S4 can be divided into five types: the high-high type-high leading ecosystem service function is a high collaborative ecosystem service function, the low-low type-low leading ecosystem service function is a low collaborative ecosystem service function, the low-high type-low leading ecosystem service function is a high collaborative ecosystem service function, the high-low type-high leading ecosystem service function is a low collaborative ecosystem service function, and the type is not significant-no significant correlation exists.
4. The ecosystem service tradeoff-based ecological zoning method according to claim 1, wherein: the spatial superimposing method in the step S6 specifically includes: determining the LISA cluster type of each grid by taking the grid as a minimum unit, wherein when a certain grid is only distributed with one type of LISA cluster type, the grid is the LISA cluster type;
when a certain grid is distributed with multiple types of LISA cluster types, firstly, judging the distribution quantity of each type of LISA cluster type, wherein the LISA cluster type with the large distribution quantity is the type of the grid, and if the certain grid is simultaneously distributed with 2 LISA cluster maps of high-high type and 1 LISA cluster map of low-low type, the grid is of high-high type;
if a certain grid is distributed with multiple types of LISA cluster types and the distribution quantity is the same, determining the LISA cluster types of the grid according to the principle of leading function priority and collaborative type priority: firstly, the type with higher service function of the leading ecological system is preferentially considered under the same condition, namely the high type and the high-low type are preferred, and the low type and the low-high type are next to each other;
then, under the same condition, the collaborative type is considered preferentially, namely the high type > the high-low type > the low-high type;
finally, the significance level of the insignificant type is lowest, and when the insignificant type occurs simultaneously with the high-high, low-low, low-high, and high-low types, the insignificant type is not considered.
5. The ecosystem-service tradeoff-based ecological zoning method of claim 1, wherein: the five ecological subareas in the step S7 correspond to the LISA cluster maps in the step S4 one to one, namely, a high dominant ecosystem service function high collaborative ecosystem service function area-high type, a low dominant ecosystem service function low collaborative ecosystem service function area-low type, a high dominant ecosystem service function low collaborative ecosystem service function area-high type, a low dominant ecosystem service function high collaborative ecosystem service function area-low type, and a compatible area-non-significant type.
6. The ecosystem service tradeoff-based ecological zoning method according to claim 1, wherein: the Pearson correlation value feature analysis in the step S3 uses conditions and ranges: both variables should be continuous variables obtained by measurement, the population from which both variables come should be normal distribution or unimodal symmetrical distribution close to normal, the variables must be paired data, and the two variables have linear relation.
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