CN114994422B - Hydrogen natural emptying and electrostatic safety monitoring mutual feedback reaction protection system - Google Patents
Hydrogen natural emptying and electrostatic safety monitoring mutual feedback reaction protection system Download PDFInfo
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- CN114994422B CN114994422B CN202210609041.5A CN202210609041A CN114994422B CN 114994422 B CN114994422 B CN 114994422B CN 202210609041 A CN202210609041 A CN 202210609041A CN 114994422 B CN114994422 B CN 114994422B
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- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 108
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 108
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 100
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 124
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 230000006399 behavior Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 22
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000009545 invasion Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002269 spontaneous effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000013022 venting Methods 0.000 description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005856 abnormality Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003889 chemical engineering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R29/00—Arrangements for measuring or indicating electric quantities not covered by groups G01R19/00 - G01R27/00
- G01R29/24—Arrangements for measuring quantities of charge
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J5/00—Radiation pyrometry, e.g. infrared or optical thermometry
- G01J5/48—Thermography; Techniques using wholly visual means
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P90/00—Enabling technologies with a potential contribution to greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions mitigation
- Y02P90/45—Hydrogen technologies in production processes
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of hydrogen natural emptying safety treatment, in particular to a hydrogen natural emptying and electrostatic safety monitoring mutual feedback reaction protection system, which comprises a hydrogen storage and transportation device, a nitrogen container grid, an air inlet pipe of an emptying system, a hydrogen emptying pipe main body, an electrostatic measurement system, an infrared camera, a computer and a signal acquisition system, wherein the upstream of the air inlet pipe of the emptying system is connected with the hydrogen storage and transportation device and the nitrogen container grid, the downstream is connected with the hydrogen emptying pipe main body, a detection unit and a shooting device are used for monitoring the state parameters of the emptying pipe, and the electrostatic measurement system captures and measures electrostatic induction charges of the emptying pipe. The invention forms a safety mutual feedback protection system by monitoring the state parameters and static electricity accumulation behaviors of the blow-down pipe during irregular blow-down operation and combining a computer and a signal acquisition system, thereby ensuring the normal operation of the blow-down system and providing hazard early warning information, and providing powerful reference for safety mutual feedback protection of various hydrogen blow-down implementation scenes.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of hydrogen natural gas discharge safety treatment, in particular to a hydrogen natural gas discharge and electrostatic safety monitoring mutual feedback reaction protection system.
Background
The hydrogen energy is widely applied to various fields such as transportation, distributed power generation and the like according to the characteristics of high energy conversion rate, environment-friendly use process, no carbon emission and the like, and plays a vital role in achieving the targets of carbon peak and carbon neutralization. Along with the rapid development of the technical field of hydrogen application in China, the hydrogen storage and transportation quantity and the hydrogen storage and transportation pressure are higher and higher, and the hydrogen natural emptying system is taken as an important component of a hydrogen energy storage and transportation chain safety facility, so that the safety of the hydrogen natural emptying system needs to be considered. When the natural emptying operation of hydrogen is carried out, the actions such as friction, collision, stripping and the like can often occur, so that static charges are continuously generated, accumulated and even discharged, accidental spontaneous combustion of hydrogen is easy to occur, flame invasion of an emptying device is caused, and potential danger is formed for a natural emptying system and an upstream hydrogen production and storage facility device.
At present, the hydrogen gas emptying operation generally has the characteristics of intermittence, instability, non-continuity and the like, so that a hydrogen gas natural emptying system cannot accurately monitor the working state of an emptying facility in the process of the emptying operation, and cannot timely solve the problem of invalidation of the emptying system. In addition, the traditional emptying equipment is generally only provided with basic safety facilities, state parameters and static electricity accumulation behaviors under various complicated emptying conditions are not related, and hydrogen spontaneous combustion and even explosion accidents caused by the static electricity accumulation behaviors of the emptying system cannot be fundamentally and efficiently solved.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention aims to provide a hydrogen natural emptying and electrostatic safety monitoring mutual feedback reaction protection system, which can adjust system protection measures according to the hydrogen natural emptying state and monitor electrostatic accumulation behaviors on line so as to solve the electrostatic and accidental explosion safety problems in the emptying operation process.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
The hydrogen natural emptying and electrostatic safety monitoring mutual feedback reaction protection system comprises a hydrogen storage and transportation device, a nitrogen container grid, a hydrogen emptying pipe main body, an electrostatic measurement system, an infrared camera, a computer and a signal acquisition system;
the hydrogen storage and transportation device and the nitrogen container are respectively connected with the air inlet pipe of the emptying system through the hydrogen flow path pipeline and the nitrogen flow path pipeline, and a buffer tank and a flame arrester are arranged on the air inlet pipe of the emptying system; the tail end of the air inlet pipe of the emptying system is connected with the bottom of the emptying pipe main body;
The blow-down pipe main body comprises a molecular sealer, a blow-down pipe discharge port and a first detection unit, wherein the first detection unit is used for monitoring the blow-down state in the process of blow-down operation, feeding back the blow-down state to a computer and a data acquisition system through a data transmission wire, when intermittent and discontinuous blow-down exists in the hydrogen blow-down operation, immediately sending out instructions by the computer and the signal acquisition system, controlling a flow regulating valve and an electromagnetic valve on a nitrogen flow path pipeline, and injecting the molecular sealer through a nitrogen flow path branch, wherein the molecular sealer uses nitrogen molecules as sealing filler to play a role in sealing and preventing air from entering the blow-down system;
The static measurement system comprises an in-pipe static sensor, a static transmission wire, a static signal conditioning plate and an out-pipe static sensor, wherein the three in-pipe static sensors are all arranged in a hydrogen discharge pipe main body and are respectively arranged at the joint of an air inlet pipe of an emptying system and the hydrogen discharge pipe main body, the lower end of a molecular sealer and the joint of the upper end of the molecular sealer and an air vent of the emptying pipe from bottom to top, the out-pipe static sensor is arranged above the air vent outlet of the emptying pipe and is used for monitoring static accumulation behaviors at the air vent outlet of the emptying pipe, and the in-pipe static sensor and the out-pipe static sensor are respectively connected with the static signal conditioning plate through the static transmission wire so as to facilitate static measurement and subsequent safety treatment; the static signal conditioning board is connected with the computer and the signal acquisition system through a data transmission wire, acquires, stores and processes static induction signals in real time, and simultaneously analyzes static accumulation behaviors during irregular emptying operation of the emptying pipe by combining with the hydrogen emptying state;
the infrared camera is arranged at one side of the vent pipe exhaust port and connected with the computer collection signal acquisition system for monitoring abnormal ignition conditions outside the vent system.
The invention is further improved in that the hydrogen flow path pipeline is provided with a pressure reducing valve and a regulating valve.
The invention is further improved in that the end of the buffer tank is provided with an overpressure relief pipe and a rupture disk is arranged to prevent damage to the system caused by pressure imbalance.
A further improvement of the present invention is that the flame arrestor is used to prevent potential hazards to natural venting systems and upstream hydrogen storage and transportation facilities due to flame intrusion.
The invention is further improved in that the nitrogen container consists of a plurality of commercial nitrogen cylinders, the pressure of the high-pressure nitrogen cylinders is 12.5MPa, and the nitrogen container is assembled vertically or horizontally and is used for providing inert protective gas.
The invention further improves that the in-pipe electrostatic sensor is an annular non-contact electrostatic sensor which is embedded in the inner side of the blow-down pipe main body and ensures the smoothness of the inner wall of the pipeline.
The invention is further improved in that the lower end of the electrostatic signal conditioning plate is connected with the support frame rod and the electrostatic grounding device, and the electrostatic induced electric charge after conversion, filtering and amplification can be safely released through the electrostatic grounding device in time.
The invention is further improved in that the upper ends of the support frame rod and the electrostatic grounding device are provided with a second detection unit for safety monitoring of the emptying environment after the hydrogen is emptied, the emptying state is fed back to the computer and the data acquisition system through the data transmission wire, when the hydrogen is emptied to the external environment of the system and the abnormal aggregation phenomenon of the hydrogen occurs, the computer and the signal acquisition system immediately send out instructions to control the nitrogen purging system to protect the emptying system and the upstream equipment device, and the emptying operation is suspended according to the actual situation, so that the further expansion of the dangerous state is avoided.
The invention is further improved in that the computer and signal acquisition system is responsible for acquiring data monitoring information of the detection elements related to the first detection unit and the second detection unit, and further controlling the nitrogen purging system to protect the emptying system and upstream equipment devices; the static electricity accumulation behavior of the static electricity measurement system is collected under different emptying conditions.
The invention has at least the following beneficial technical effects:
The invention monitors the blow-down pipe state parameters in real time by utilizing the detection unit and the shooting device, and captures and measures the electrostatic induction charges of the blow-down pipe through the electrostatic measurement system. The key information is timely fed back to the computer and the signal acquisition system, and the nitrogen purging protection gas is effectively controlled to be injected into the emptying system, so that the problem that the emptying system is invalid due to concentration abnormality, accidental ignition, intermittent emptying and air backflow is effectively solved.
The static detection device can timely conduct the trapped static charges to the static signal conditioning plate, feeds back the trapped static charges to the computer and the signal acquisition system in an electronic signal mode, and safely releases the static charges through the support frame rod and the static grounding device.
The computer signal acquisition system can store and process the emptying state parameters and the static induction signals, analyze the emptying state parameters and the static accumulation behavior of the emptying pipe during irregular operation in combination with the hydrogen emptying state under different conditions, and provide powerful references for the safety mutual feedback protection of various combustible gas emptying implementation scenes.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a hydrogen evacuation and electrostatic safety monitoring mutual feedback reaction protection system according to the present invention.
Reference numerals illustrate:
1-a hydrogen storage and transportation device; 11-a hydrogen flow path conduit; 12-a pressure reducing valve; 13-a regulating valve;
2-nitrogen packaging lattice; 21-nitrogen flow channel tubing; 22-check valve; 23-a flow regulating valve; 24-electromagnetic valve; 25-nitrogen flow path branch one; 26-nitrogen flow path branch two;
3-an air inlet pipe of an emptying system; 31-flame arresters;
4-a buffer tank; 41-an overpressure vent tube; 42-rupture disc;
5-a hydrogen blow-down pipe body; 51-a blow-down pipe base; 52-molecular sealer; 53-blow-down pipe exhaust port; 54-detection unit one; 55-a second detection unit;
6-an electrostatic measurement system; 61-in-tube electrostatic sensor; 62-an electrostatic transmission wire; 63-an electrostatic signal conditioning plate; 64-an out-of-tube electrostatic sensor; 65-a support frame rod and an electrostatic grounding device;
7-an infrared camera;
8-a computer and a signal acquisition system; 81-an alarm unit I; 82-alarm unit two.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
As shown in figure 1, the hydrogen natural emptying and static safety monitoring mutual feedback reaction protection system provided by the invention comprises a hydrogen storage and transportation device 1, a nitrogen container grid 2, an air inlet pipe 3 of an emptying system, an overpressure discharge pipe 41, a hydrogen emptying pipe main body 5, a first detection unit 54, a second detection unit 55, a static measurement system 6, an infrared camera 7, a computer and data acquisition system 8 and an alarm unit, wherein the hydrogen storage and transportation device 1 and the nitrogen container grid 2 are respectively connected with the air inlet pipe 3 of the emptying system through a hydrogen flow path pipeline 11 and a nitrogen flow path pipeline 21, and nitrogen purging operation is needed before hydrogen emptying is implemented. The air inlet pipe 3 of the emptying system is provided with a buffer tank 4 and a flame arrester 31. The hydrogen flow path pipe 11 is provided with a pressure reducing valve 12 and a regulating valve 13. The nitrogen flow path pipeline 21 is provided with a pressure reducing valve 12, a check valve 22, a flow regulating valve 23 and an electromagnetic valve 24, then the nitrogen flow path pipeline 21 is provided with a first nitrogen flow path branch 25 and a second nitrogen flow path branch 26, the first nitrogen flow path branch 25 is connected with the molecular sealer 52, and the second nitrogen flow path branch 26 is connected with the air inlet pipe 3 of the emptying system and is provided with a regulating valve.
The end of the buffer vessel 4 is provided with an overpressure relief tube 41 and a rupture disk 42 is arranged to prevent damage to the system due to pressure imbalance.
The flame arrestor 31 is used to prevent potential hazards to natural gas venting systems and upstream hydrogen storage and transportation facilities due to flame intrusion.
The venting operation of the hydrogen storage and transportation device 1 can be implemented in a plurality of ways, for example: and (3) maintaining a hydrogen storage tank of the hydrogenation station, emptying a hydrogen production place, maintaining a hydrogen transportation pipeline, and emptying a hydrogen storage device after precooling.
The nitrogen container grid 2 consists of a plurality of commercial nitrogen cylinders, the pressure of the high-pressure nitrogen cylinder is 12.5MPa, and inert protective gas is provided by vertical or horizontal assembly.
The end of the air inlet pipe 3 of the emptying system is connected with the bottom of the emptying pipe main body 5, the emptying pipe main body 5 comprises a molecular sealer 52, an emptying pipe discharging port 53 and a first detection unit 54, the first detection unit 54 is composed of a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, a flow sensor and other components and is used for monitoring the emptying state in the process of emptying operation, the emptying state is fed back to a computer and a data acquisition system 8 through a data transmission wire, when intermittent and discontinuous emptying exists in the hydrogen emptying operation, a first alarm unit 81 flashes and gives out alarm sounds, the computer and the signal acquisition system 8 immediately give out instructions to control a flow regulating valve 23 and an electromagnetic valve 24 on a nitrogen flow path pipeline 21, the molecular sealer 52 is injected through a nitrogen flow path branch 25, and the molecular sealer 52 uses nitrogen molecules as sealing fillers to play a role in sealing and preventing air from entering the emptying system.
The electrostatic measurement system 6 comprises an in-pipe electrostatic sensor 61, an electrostatic transmission wire 62, an electrostatic signal conditioning plate 63, an out-pipe electrostatic sensor 64, a support rod and an electrostatic grounding device 65, wherein the three in-pipe electrostatic sensors 61 are all arranged in the hydrogen discharge pipe main body 5 and are respectively arranged at the joint of the air inlet pipe 3 of the emptying system and the hydrogen discharge pipe main body 5 from bottom to top, the lower end of the molecular sealer 52 and the joint of the upper end of the molecular sealer 52 and the air discharge pipe air outlet 53, the in-pipe electrostatic sensor 61 is an annular non-contact electrostatic sensor and is embedded in the inner side of the air discharge pipe main body 5 and ensures the smoothness of the inner wall of the pipeline, the out-pipe electrostatic sensor 64 is arranged above the air discharge pipe air outlet 53 and is used for monitoring electrostatic accumulation at the outlet of the air discharge pipe air outlet 53, and the in-pipe electrostatic sensor 61 and the out-pipe electrostatic sensor 64 are respectively connected with the electrostatic signal conditioning plate 63 through the electrostatic transmission wire 62 so as to facilitate electrostatic measurement and subsequent safety treatment.
The electrostatic transmission wire 62 is a copper wire, and two ends of the copper wire are connected with the electrostatic sensor and the electrostatic signal conditioning plate 63, so that the induced charge received by the electrostatic signal conditioning plate 63 is consistent with the induced charge data measured by the electrostatic sensor.
The electrostatic signal conditioning plate 63 is a disc-shaped panel, and can perform filtering and amplifying treatment on electrostatic signals, and is connected with the computer and the signal acquisition system 8 through a data transmission wire, so that electrostatic induction signals are acquired, stored and processed in real time, and the electrostatic signal conditioning plate can be combined with a hydrogen emptying state to analyze electrostatic accumulation behavior during irregular emptying operation of the emptying pipe.
The support frame rod and the electrostatic grounding device 65 mainly have the function of supporting and fixing the electrostatic signal conditioning plate 63, and are provided with electrostatic grounding protection devices.
The lower end of the electrostatic signal conditioning plate 63 is connected with the support frame rod and the electrostatic grounding device 65, so that the electrostatic induction charges after conversion, filtering and amplification can be safely released through the electrostatic grounding device in time.
The second detection unit 55 is arranged at the upper end of the support rod and the electrostatic grounding device 65, and is composed of components such as a hydrogen concentration sensor, a temperature sensor and a flame detector, and is used for monitoring the safety of the emptying environment after the hydrogen is emptied, feeding back the emptying state to the computer and the data acquisition system 8 through a data transmission wire, and when the phenomenon that the hydrogen is emptied to the external environment of the system and abnormal aggregation of the hydrogen occurs, the second alarm unit 82 flashes and gives out alarm sounds, the computer and the signal acquisition system 8 immediately give out instructions to control the nitrogen purging system 2 to protect the emptying system and the upstream equipment, pause the emptying operation according to actual conditions and avoid further expansion of dangerous states.
The infrared camera 7 is arranged on one side of the blow-down pipe exhaust port 53 and connected with the computer collection signal acquisition system 8 for monitoring abnormal ignition conditions outside the blow-down system.
The computer and signal acquisition system 8 is responsible for acquiring data monitoring information of detection elements related to the first detection unit 54 and the second detection unit 55 and feeding back the data monitoring information to the corresponding first alarm unit 81 and the second alarm unit 82, so as to further control the nitrogen purging system 2 to protect the emptying system and upstream equipment devices; the static electricity accumulation behavior of the static electricity measuring system 6 is collected under different emptying conditions.
The invention provides a hydrogen natural emptying and electrostatic safety monitoring mutual feedback reaction protection system, which comprises the following working processes:
the safety protection system for the emptying operation is applicable to a plurality of implementation scenes, such as: the method has the advantages of saving and emptying the hydrogen storage tank of the hydrogenation station, operating and emptying the hydrogen production site in chemical engineering, overhauling and emptying the hydrogen transportation pipeline, precooling and emptying large-scale hydrogen storage and transportation equipment, and the like.
According to the monitoring and protection purposes, the working states of all key links of the system need to be overhauled and tested regularly, and the phenomena of overpressure, air leakage and the like of the emptying pipeline are guaranteed.
Before the emptying operation, a command is sent out by a computer and a signal acquisition system 8, a nitrogen flow path is controlled to enter the air inlet pipe 3 of the emptying system from the nitrogen container grid 2 through the nitrogen flow path branch 26, and impurity gases such as air in the pipeline of the whole system are replaced.
During the emptying operation, the hydrogen medium enters the emptying system air inlet pipe 3 from the hydrogen storage and transportation device 1 through the hydrogen flow pipeline 11, and the flame arrester 31 and the buffer tank 4 are arranged on the emptying system air inlet pipe 3, so that external flame can be effectively prevented from entering the hydrogen discharge pipe, and system damage caused by pressure unbalance can be prevented.
The invention provides a hydrogen natural emptying and electrostatic safety monitoring mutual feedback reaction protection system, which mainly comprises the following safety monitoring mutual feedback reaction protection working conditions:
Case 1: when the hydrogen medium enters the hydrogen blow-down pipe main body 5 from the air inlet pipe 3 of the blow-down system and is normally blown down, the first detection unit 54 monitors the blow-down state in the process of blow-down operation and collects data such as pipeline flow, pressure, temperature and the like, the data are fed back to the computer and the data acquisition system 8 through the data transmission wire, instructions are sent out and the flow regulating valve 23 and the electromagnetic valve 24 on the nitrogen flow path pipeline 21 are controlled, the first nitrogen flow path branch 25 is used for injecting small-flow nitrogen purge gas into the molecular sealer 52, the micro-positive pressure is formed in the gas in the pipeline, and the gas backflow is prevented.
Case 2: when intermittent and discontinuous emptying exists in the hydrogen emptying operation, the first detection unit 54 rapidly reacts, data such as emptying pipe flow, pressure, temperature and the like are fed back to the computer and the data acquisition system 8 through the data transmission wires, the first alarm unit 81 flashes and gives out alarm sound, the computer and the signal acquisition system 8 immediately give out instructions to control the flow regulating valve 23 and the electromagnetic valve 24 on the nitrogen flow path pipeline 21, and the molecular sealer 52 is injected with high-flow nitrogen purge gas through the first nitrogen flow path branch 25, so that the external impurity gas is fully protected and prevented from invading the emptying pipe.
Case 3: no matter when the hydrogen is normally or intermittently discharged, the phenomenon that the hydrogen is discharged to the external environment of the system can possibly occur due to abnormal hydrogen concentration and environment temperature, dangerous conditions such as static accidental ignition and the like are easy to occur, at the moment, the second detection unit 55 rapidly reacts, the monitoring state parameters are fed back to the computer and the data acquisition system 8 through the data transmission wires, the second alarm unit 82 flashes and gives out alarm sounds, the computer and the signal acquisition system 8 immediately give out instructions, the flow regulating valve 23 and the electromagnetic valve 24 on the nitrogen flow path pipeline 21 are completely opened, high-flow nitrogen is sprayed into the discharge pipe, flame hazard is eliminated, and the normal discharging operation of the discharging system under various conditions is ensured.
Case 4: in the whole operation process of carrying out natural emptying of hydrogen, electrostatic charges are accumulated and even discharged abnormally often due to actions such as friction and collision, accidental spontaneous combustion of hydrogen is easy to occur, flame invasion of an emptying device is caused, and potential danger is formed for a natural emptying system and an upstream hydrogen production and storage facility device.
The in-pipe electrostatic sensor 61 and the out-pipe electrostatic sensor 64 are used for monitoring electrostatic accumulation behaviors in the natural hydrogen emptying operation process, and when the electrostatic sensor captures electrostatic charges, the electrostatic charges can be quickly transferred to the electrostatic signal conditioning plate 63 through the electrostatic transmission wire 62, so that abnormal accumulation of the electrostatic charges at the electrostatic sensor is avoided. Then the static signal conditioning board carries out filtering and amplifying treatment on the received static signal, the electronic signal is fed back to the computer and signal acquisition system 8 through the data transmission wire, and the static charge is safely released through the support frame rod and the static grounding device 65. If the static charges are not released in time, accidental ignition accidents occur, and the method can be properly processed according to the condition 3.
After the emptying operation, a command is sent out by a computer and a signal acquisition system 8, a nitrogen flow path is controlled to enter a molecular sealer 52 from a nitrogen container grid 2 through a nitrogen flow path branch 25 and a nitrogen flow path branch 26 respectively to empty a system air inlet pipe 3, the whole system pipeline is purged completely, the emptying state parameters and static induction signals are stored and processed, the emptying state parameters (including parameters such as flow, pressure and temperature) and static accumulation behaviors during irregular operation of the emptying pipe are analyzed by combining the hydrogen emptying states under different conditions, and a powerful reference is provided for safety mutual feedback protection of various hydrogen emptying implementation scenes. It should be understood that the foregoing detailed description of the present invention is provided for illustrating the present invention and is not limited to the technical solutions described in the embodiments of the present invention, and those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention may be modified or substituted for the same technical effects, so long as the use requirement is satisfied.
Claims (9)
1. The hydrogen natural emptying and electrostatic safety monitoring mutual feedback reaction protection system is characterized by comprising a hydrogen storage and transportation device, a nitrogen container, a hydrogen emptying pipe main body, an electrostatic measurement system, an infrared camera, a computer and a signal acquisition system;
the hydrogen storage and transportation device and the nitrogen container are respectively connected with an air inlet pipe of the emptying system through a hydrogen flow path pipeline and a nitrogen flow path pipeline, and a buffer tank and a flame arrester are arranged on the air inlet pipe of the emptying system; the tail end of the air inlet pipe of the emptying system is connected with the bottom of the emptying pipe main body;
The blow-down pipe main body comprises a molecular sealer, a blow-down pipe discharge port and a first detection unit, wherein the first detection unit is used for monitoring the blow-down state in the process of blow-down operation, feeding back the blow-down state to a computer and a data acquisition system through a data transmission wire, when intermittent and discontinuous blow-down exists in the hydrogen blow-down operation, immediately sending out instructions by the computer and the signal acquisition system, controlling a flow regulating valve and an electromagnetic valve on a nitrogen flow path pipeline, and injecting the molecular sealer through a nitrogen flow path branch, wherein the molecular sealer uses nitrogen molecules as sealing filler to play a role in sealing and preventing air from entering the blow-down system;
The static measurement system comprises an in-pipe static sensor, a static transmission wire, a static signal conditioning plate and an out-pipe static sensor, wherein the three in-pipe static sensors are all arranged in a hydrogen discharge pipe main body and are respectively arranged at the joint of an air inlet pipe of an emptying system and the hydrogen discharge pipe main body, the lower end of a molecular sealer and the joint of the upper end of the molecular sealer and an air vent of the emptying pipe from bottom to top, the out-pipe static sensor is arranged above the air vent outlet of the emptying pipe and is used for monitoring static accumulation behaviors at the air vent outlet of the emptying pipe, and the in-pipe static sensor and the out-pipe static sensor are respectively connected with the static signal conditioning plate through the static transmission wire so as to facilitate static measurement and subsequent safety treatment; the static signal conditioning board is connected with the computer and the signal acquisition system through a data transmission wire, acquires, stores and processes static induction signals in real time, and simultaneously analyzes static accumulation behaviors during irregular emptying operation of the emptying pipe by combining with the hydrogen emptying state;
the infrared camera is arranged at one side of the vent pipe exhaust port and connected with the computer collection signal acquisition system for monitoring abnormal ignition conditions outside the vent system.
2. The hydrogen natural gas emptying and electrostatic safety monitoring mutual feedback reaction protection system according to claim 1, wherein the hydrogen flow path pipeline is provided with a pressure reducing valve and a regulating valve.
3. The hydrogen natural emptying and electrostatic safety monitoring mutual feedback reaction protection system according to claim 1, wherein an overpressure relief pipe is arranged at the tail end of the buffer tank and a rupture disk is arranged at the tail end of the buffer tank, so that system damage caused by pressure unbalance is prevented.
4. The hydrogen natural gas emptying and static electricity safety monitoring mutual feedback reaction protection system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the flame arrestor is used for preventing potential danger to a natural emptying system and an upstream hydrogen storage and transportation facility device due to flame invasion.
5. The hydrogen natural emptying and electrostatic safety monitoring mutual feedback reaction protection system according to claim 1, wherein the nitrogen container grid consists of a plurality of commercial nitrogen cylinders, the pressure of the high-pressure nitrogen cylinders is 12.5MPa, and the high-pressure nitrogen cylinders are assembled vertically or horizontally to provide inert protective gas.
6. The hydrogen natural emptying and electrostatic safety monitoring mutual feedback reaction protection system according to claim 1, wherein the in-pipe electrostatic sensor is an annular non-contact electrostatic sensor which is embedded in the inner side of the emptying pipe main body and ensures the smoothness of the inner wall of the pipeline.
7. The hydrogen natural emptying and electrostatic safety monitoring mutual feedback reaction protection system according to claim 1, wherein the lower end of the electrostatic signal conditioning plate is connected with the support frame rod and the electrostatic grounding device, and can safely release the converted, filtered and amplified electrostatic induction charges through the electrostatic grounding device in time.
8. The hydrogen natural emptying and electrostatic safety monitoring mutual feedback reaction protection system according to claim 1, wherein the upper ends of the support frame rod and the electrostatic grounding device are provided with a second detection unit for safety monitoring of an emptying environment after the hydrogen is emptied, the emptying state is fed back to the computer and the data acquisition system through the data transmission wire, when the hydrogen is emptied to the external environment of the system and the abnormal aggregation phenomenon of the hydrogen occurs, the computer and the signal acquisition system immediately send out instructions to control the nitrogen purging system to protect the emptying system and the upstream equipment device, and the emptying operation is suspended according to actual conditions, so that the dangerous state is prevented from being further enlarged.
9. The hydrogen natural gas emptying and electrostatic safety monitoring mutual feedback reaction protection system according to claim 1, wherein the computer and signal acquisition system is used for acquiring data monitoring information of the detection elements related to the detection unit I and the detection unit II, and further controlling the nitrogen purging system to protect the emptying system and upstream equipment devices; the static electricity accumulation behavior of the static electricity measurement system is collected under different emptying conditions.
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| DE102014226873A1 (en) * | 2014-06-27 | 2015-12-31 | Hyundai Motor Company | Apparatus and method for displaying the status of a hydrogen tank based on vehicle fire |
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