CN114993716B - Train collision test system and method for testing animal collision - Google Patents
Train collision test system and method for testing animal collision Download PDFInfo
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- CN114993716B CN114993716B CN202210574763.1A CN202210574763A CN114993716B CN 114993716 B CN114993716 B CN 114993716B CN 202210574763 A CN202210574763 A CN 202210574763A CN 114993716 B CN114993716 B CN 114993716B
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- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M17/00—Testing of vehicles
- G01M17/08—Railway vehicles
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- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of animal experiment devices, and discloses a train collision test system and a method for testing animal collision, wherein the system is divided into an acceleration zone, a sliding zone, a test zone and a braking zone, the acceleration zone is provided with a power emission device, and the test zone is provided with: the system comprises an animal entity model, a releasing device, a camera, a speed measuring device, a first collision data acquisition component, a second collision data acquisition component and a central control console; the method can effectively develop the research of the train-large animal collision test, and the practical test shows that the scheme has the advantages of low test cost, strong operation controllability, strong repeatability, stable and reliable test data and stable and safe system structure.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of animal experiment devices, in particular to a train collision test system and method for testing animal collision.
Background
With the rapid expansion of the railway network, the collision accident of animals and trains is very easy to happen on the lines built on animal habitats, and according to related researches, the animals along the railway seldom react to the trains, if the trains or alarms are used for frightening the animals to cause the animals to escape, the animals can sometimes escape along the rail in front of the trains, and even the rail collides with the trains in a way of no selective impact. The research of collision between the train and wild animals and plants is mainly focused on large and medium-sized mammals including cattle, sika deer, camel and the like, the animals have large size and high movement speed, the opening and closing mechanism of the train head can be seriously damaged after collision with a high-speed train, so that the pneumatic performance of the train is damaged, and if the train is rolled into the bottom of the train or rolled on the roof of the train, the wheel rail is easily derailed or the pantograph is easily damaged, so that the running safety of the train is threatened.
Therefore, how to reduce the safety threat of animal impact to trains is a major issue.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a train collision test system and a train collision test method for testing animal collision, which are used for reducing the safety threat of animal collision to a train.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, the present invention provides a train collision test system for testing an animal collision, which is divided into an acceleration zone, a sliding zone, a test zone, and a braking zone, wherein the acceleration zone is provided with a power transmitting device, and the test zone is provided with: the system comprises an animal entity model, a releasing device, a camera, a speed measuring device, a first collision data acquisition component, a second collision data acquisition component and a central control console;
the power transmitting device is used for accelerating the train to a target collision speed and transmitting the collision speed to the central control console;
the speed measuring device is arranged on a track corresponding to the preset travel position and used for acquiring the collision speed of the animal entity model when the animal entity model collides with a train;
the camera is used for collecting image information when the animal entity model collides with a train and sending the image information to the central control console;
the first collision data acquisition component is used for acquiring dynamic response parameters when the animal entity model collides with a train and sending the collision information to the central control console;
the second collision data acquisition component is used for acquiring train parameters when the animal entity model collides with a train and sending the train parameters to the central control console;
the central control console is used for sending a release instruction to the release device when the train runs to a preset travel position at the target collision speed so as to release the train in collision running of the animal entity model; and the system is also used for analyzing the image information, the collision speed, the dynamic response parameters and the train parameters to obtain damage results.
Optionally, the first collision data acquisition component comprises a first acceleration sensor, a first pressure sensor and a first displacement sensor which are arranged at the joint position of the animal entity model, and the second collision data acquisition component comprises a second acceleration sensor, a second pressure sensor and a second displacement sensor which are arranged at the train head.
Optionally, the joint position of the animal entity model is also provided with a marking point.
Optionally, the release includes frame, electromagnetic lock, control module, rotary drum and cable wire, control module with central control platform is connected, is used for receiving central control platform's release instruction, and opens the electromagnetic lock, the rotary drum is located on the frame, the electromagnetic lock with the rotary drum is connected, be equipped with the protruding pole on the rotary drum, just be provided with the ring knot on the protruding pole, be provided with the lasso on the animal entity model, the cable wire run through in the ring knot with connect the lasso with the ring is detained.
Optionally, the braking zone is provided with a braking device.
Optionally, the braking area is further provided with an impact wall, and the impact wall is arranged on one side of the braking device, which is far away from the train.
Optionally, a lighting device is further arranged on the frame.
Optionally, the central control console is further configured to reconstruct an animal posture according to the kinetic response parameter and an animal type corresponding to the animal entity model, and analyze according to the animal posture, the image information, the collision speed, and the train parameter to obtain a damage result.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a train collision test method for testing animal collisions, applied to the train collision test system for testing animal collisions as described in the first aspect, the method comprising:
the power transmitting device accelerates the train to a target collision speed in an acceleration zone;
the train runs to the sliding area at the target collision speed and continuously slides to the test area at even speed;
when the train runs to a preset travel position at the target collision speed, the central control console sends a release instruction to the release device so as to release the train in collision running of the animal entity model;
the speed measuring device obtains the collision speed when the animal entity model collides with the train, and sends the collision speed to the central control console; the camera acquires image information when the animal entity model collides with a train and sends the image information to the central control console; the first collision data acquisition component acquires dynamic response parameters when the animal entity model collides with a train and sends the collision information to the central control console; the second collision data acquisition component is used for acquiring train parameters when the animal entity model collides with the train and sending the train parameters to the central control console;
and the central control console analyzes the image information, the collision speed, the dynamic response parameters and the train parameters to obtain a damage result.
The beneficial effects are that:
the train collision test system for testing animal collision provided by the invention can be used for effectively developing train-large animal collision test research, and actual tests show that the scheme has the advantages of low test cost, strong operation controllability, strong repeatability, stable and reliable test data and stable and safe system structure.
In the preferred scheme, the animal entity model controls the gesture through a flexible loop lasso, a steel rope and a releasing device, and the state control of the electromagnetic lock through the control module realizes the release of the animal entity model; the flexible loop lasso ensures that the collision response of the large animal entity model is not influenced by the restraint device; the annular buckles on the same horizontal line are simultaneously slipped from the slipping short convex rod due to gravity, so that the stable posture of the large animal entity model is ensured when the large animal entity model is released.
In the preferred scheme, the braking device and the impact wall form a multi-stage energy absorption structure, so that the residual kinetic energy of the real vehicle after collision can be effectively dissipated, and overload protection is realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a train collision testing system for testing animal collisions in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a release device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic view of a solid model of a fixed animal of a releasing device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals:
1. a central console; 2. a power transmitting device; 3. a train; 4. a track; 5. a speed measuring device; 6. a lighting device; 7. a camera; 8. an animal entity model; 9. a release device; 10. a braking device; 11. striking the wall; 12. a frame; 13. an electromagnetic lock; 14. a control module; 15. a rotary drum; 16. a wire rope; 17. lasso; 18. a protruding rod; 19. and (5) a ring buckle.
Detailed Description
The following description of the present invention will be made clearly and fully, and it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Unless defined otherwise, technical or scientific terms used herein should be given the ordinary meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terms "first," "second," and the like, as used herein, do not denote any order, quantity, or importance, but rather are used to distinguish one element from another. Likewise, the terms "a" or "an" and the like do not denote a limitation of quantity, but rather denote the presence of at least one. The terms "connected" or "connected," and the like, are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. "upper", "lower", "left", "right", etc. are used merely to indicate a relative positional relationship, which changes accordingly when the absolute position of the object to be described changes.
Please refer to fig. 1, the application provides a train collision test system for testing animal collision, divide into acceleration zone, coast district, test area and braking district, the acceleration zone is provided with power transmitting device 2, the test area is provided with: the system comprises an animal entity model 8, a release device 9, a camera 7, a speed measuring device 5, a first collision data acquisition component, a second collision data acquisition component and a central control console 1;
the power transmitting device 2 is used for accelerating the train 3 to a target collision speed and transmitting the collision speed to the central console 1;
the speed measuring device 5 is arranged on a track 4 corresponding to the preset travel position and is used for acquiring the collision speed of the animal entity model 8 when the animal entity model collides with the train 3;
the camera 7 is used for collecting image information when the animal entity model 8 collides with the train 3 and sending the image information to the central control console 1;
the first collision data acquisition component is used for acquiring dynamic response parameters when the animal entity model 8 collides with the train 3 and transmitting collision information to the central control console 1;
the second collision data acquisition component is used for acquiring train parameters when the animal entity model 8 collides with the train 3 and transmitting the train parameters to the central control console 1;
the central control console 1 is used for sending a release instruction to the release device 9 to release the train 3 in the collision operation of the animal entity model 8 when the train 3 runs to a preset travel position at a target collision speed; and the system is also used for analyzing the image information, the collision speed, the dynamic response parameters and the train parameters to obtain damage results. Wherein, the joint position of the animal entity model 8 is also provided with a marking point.
In this embodiment, the animal solid model 8 is a large animal solid model 8, such as a model of an animal such as a cow, a sika deer, or a moose. The cameras 7 can be arranged at two sides and top of the animal solid model 8, record the kinematic response image data of the animal solid model 8 and the real vehicle, and transmit the kinematic response image data back to the central control console 1 for storage, and the high-speed photographic data are used for kinematic analysis based on the images and joint mark points: the high-speed photography of the side surface and the top can obtain the overall motion gesture of the moose model, the joint mark points can clearly represent the displacement and rotation of the joint part of the large animal solid model 8, and the reconstruction and analysis of the motion gesture of the moose are realized by combining the displacement data returned by the displacement sensors at the corresponding positions.
The train collision test system for testing animal collision can effectively develop train-large animal collision test research, and actual tests show that the scheme has the advantages of low test cost, strong operation controllability, strong repeatability, stable and reliable test data and stable and safe system structure.
Optionally, the first collision data acquisition component comprises a first acceleration sensor, a first pressure sensor and a first displacement sensor which are arranged at the joint position of the animal entity model 8, and the second collision data acquisition component comprises a second acceleration sensor, a second pressure sensor and a second displacement sensor which are arranged at the locomotive of the train 3.
In this alternative embodiment, a first pressure sensor, a first displacement sensor, and a first acceleration sensor are disposed at the head, neck, back, front chest, abdomen, leg, and main joints of the animal mock-up 8, for obtaining kinetic response parameters of the large animal mock-up 8. A second acceleration sensor, a second pressure sensor and a second displacement sensor are arranged on the head of the real vehicle body; when the speed of the train 3 increases from zero to a preset speed, the train 3 enters the taxiing area.
Optionally, the releasing device 9 includes a frame 12, an electromagnetic lock 13, a control module 14, a rotary drum 15 and a steel cable 16, where the control module 14 is connected with the central console 1 and is used to receive a release instruction of the central console 1 and open the electromagnetic lock 13, the rotary drum 15 is disposed on the frame 12, the electromagnetic lock 13 is connected with the rotary drum 15, a protruding rod 18 is disposed on the rotary drum 15, a ring buckle 19 is disposed on the protruding rod 18, a lasso 17 is disposed on the animal entity model 8, and the steel cable 16 runs through the ring buckle 19 to connect the lasso 17 and the ring buckle 19.
In the alternative embodiment, the lasso 17 may be a flexible loop lasso 17, the animal solid model 8 controls the gesture through the flexible loop lasso 17, the steel cable 16 and the releasing device 9, and the state of the electromagnetic lock 13 is controlled through the control module 14 to release the animal solid model 8; the flexible loop lasso 17 ensures that the collision response of the large animal solid model 8 is not affected by the restraining device; the circular buckles 19 on the same horizontal line slide from the sliding short convex rods 18 under the gravity cause at the same time, so that the stable posture of the large animal entity model 8 is ensured when the large animal entity model 8 is released.
The releasing of the animal entity model 8 by the control module 14 to the state control of the electromagnetic lock 13 specifically includes: the electromagnetic lock 13 is connected with two ends of the rotary cylinder 15, is in a normally closed state, provides a torque to limit free rotation of the rotary cylinder 15, enables the axis of the upper protruding rod 18 of the rotary cylinder 15 to be in a horizontal direction, and after the central control console 1 controls the electromagnetic lock 13 to be disconnected, the rotary cylinder 15 rotates clockwise around the shaft due to gravity, and the ring buckle 19 slides off from the short protruding rod 18 of the rotary cylinder 15, so that a large animal loses the constraint of a large animal release mechanism and collides with a real vehicle.
Before a formal test is started, a pre-experiment without a large animal solid model 8 is carried out, a real vehicle time-displacement curve is established and stored in a memory of a central controller, and the release time of the large animal solid model 8 is automatically or manually set through the central controller based on the body type, the collision speed and the real vehicle quality of the large animal solid model 8 for test, so that the large animal solid model 8 keeps an unconstrained natural standing state at the moment of collision of the real vehicle-large animal solid model 8; in the formal test process, when the real vehicle slides to a corresponding travel, the control module 14 receives an instruction of the central controller, controls the electromagnetic lock 13 to be disconnected, the rotary cylinder 15 rotates clockwise around the shaft due to gravity, and the ring buckle 19 slides off the short convex rod 18 of the rotary cylinder 15, so that the large animal solid model 8 loses the constraint of the release mechanism of the large animal solid model 8, and collides with the real vehicle.
Alternatively, the braking zone is provided with a braking device 10 and an impact wall 11, and the impact wall 11 is provided on the side of the braking device 10 remote from the train 3.
In this embodiment, the braking device 10 brakes and decelerates the real vehicle after colliding with the large animal solid model 8, and absorbs the kinetic energy of the real vehicle; the impact wall 11 is a solid wall body provided with an energy absorption structure, and can be used as an interference protection device of the braking device 10 to absorb the kinetic energy of a real vehicle. Specifically, after the real vehicle leaves the test area, friction force is generated between the friction plates at two sides of the real vehicle and the braking device 10, so that the kinetic energy of the real vehicle is dissipated to play a role in braking; an energy absorption structure is fixed on one side of the impact wall 11 facing the real vehicle, so that overload protection of the braking capacity of the test system can be realized.
Optionally, the frame 12 is further provided with a lighting device 6. The illumination device 6 provides sufficient brightness at the impact location from multiple angles so that the camera 7 can acquire clear, shadow-free, high quality images.
Optionally, the central console 1 is further configured to reconstruct an animal posture according to the dynamic response parameter and the animal type corresponding to the animal solid model 8, and analyze according to the animal posture, the image information, the collision speed, and the train parameter to obtain a damage result.
In this alternative embodiment, the central console 1 employs a programmable memory for its internal program storage; the central control console 1 can be connected with the power transmitting device 2, the speed measuring device 5, the braking device 10, the camera 7 and various sensors to complete multipoint real-time cooperative control, and the method comprises the following steps: receiving data transmitted by the large animal solid model 8 and the head car acceleration sensor to form an acceleration curve, receiving data transmitted by the large animal solid model 8 and the head car displacement sensor to form a displacement curve, receiving data transmitted by the large animal solid model 8 and the head car speed sensor to form a speed curve, receiving image data transmitted by high-speed photography, comparing the transmitted data with a preset collision speed and analyzing errors, and enhancing or weakening the control force of the power transmitting device 2 in real time to enable the collision speed to reach the preset, and controlling the opening and closing of the electromagnetic lock 13 by releasing the time comparison and analyzing of the transmitted image data, the data of the speed measuring device 5 and the preset large animal releasing device 9 to realize the collision of the released large animal solid model 8 with the real car in an unconstrained state; the central control module 14 can be programmed by adopting three graphical languages and sentences of a sequential function chart and a ladder chart; the programming language is simple and clear, the logic is clear, and the related knowledge of computer programming is not needed, so that the program development time is short, the field debugging is easy, the program can be modified on line, and the hardware is not required to be disassembled.
The application also provides a train collision test method for testing animal collision, which is applied to the train collision test system for testing animal collision, and comprises the following steps:
the power transmitting device 2 accelerates the train 3 to a target collision speed in an acceleration zone;
the train 3 runs to the sliding area at the target collision speed and continuously slides to the test area at even speed;
when the train 3 runs to a preset travel position at the target collision speed, the central control console 1 sends a release instruction to the release device 9 to release the train 3 in the collision running of the animal entity model 8;
the speed measuring device 5 acquires the collision speed when the animal entity model 8 collides with the train 3, and sends the collision speed to the central control console 1; the camera 7 collects image information when the animal entity model 8 collides with the train 3 and sends the image information to the central control console 1; the first collision data acquisition component acquires dynamic response parameters when the animal entity model 8 collides with the train 3, and transmits the collision information to the central control console 1; the second collision data acquisition component is used for acquiring train parameters when the animal entity model 8 collides with the train 3 and transmitting the train parameters to the central control console 1;
the central control console 1 analyzes the image information, the collision speed, the dynamic response parameter and the train parameter to obtain a damage result.
The method can realize each embodiment of the train collision test system for testing animal collision, and can achieve the same beneficial effects, and the detailed description is omitted here.
The foregoing describes in detail preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that numerous modifications and variations can be made in accordance with the concepts of the invention by one of ordinary skill in the art without undue burden. Therefore, all technical solutions which can be obtained by logic analysis, reasoning or limited experiments based on the prior art by the person skilled in the art according to the inventive concept shall be within the scope of protection defined by the claims.
Claims (8)
1. A train collision test system for testing animal striking divide into acceleration zone, coast district, test district and braking district, its characterized in that, the acceleration zone is provided with power emitter, the test district is provided with: the system comprises an animal entity model, a releasing device, a camera, a speed measuring device, a first collision data acquisition component, a second collision data acquisition component and a central control console;
the power transmitting device is used for accelerating the train to a target collision speed and transmitting the target collision speed to the central control console;
the speed measuring device is arranged on a track corresponding to a preset travel position and is used for acquiring the collision speed of the animal entity model when the animal entity model collides with a train;
the camera is used for collecting image information when the animal entity model collides with a train and sending the image information to the central control console;
the first collision data acquisition component is used for acquiring dynamic response parameters when the animal entity model collides with a train and sending collision information to the central control console;
the second collision data acquisition component is used for acquiring train parameters when the animal entity model collides with a train and sending the train parameters to the central control console;
the central control console is used for sending a release instruction to the release device when the train runs to a preset travel position at the target collision speed so as to release the train in collision running of the animal entity model; the system is also used for analyzing the image information, the target collision speed, the dynamic response parameters and the train parameters to obtain damage results;
the release device comprises a frame, an electromagnetic lock, a control module, a rotary cylinder and a steel cable, wherein the control module is connected with the central control console and used for receiving a release instruction of the central control console and starting the electromagnetic lock, the rotary cylinder is arranged on the frame and connected with the rotary cylinder, a convex rod is arranged on the rotary cylinder, a ring buckle is arranged on the convex rod, a lasso is arranged on the animal entity model, and the steel cable penetrates through the ring buckle to connect the lasso with the ring buckle.
2. The train collision test system for testing an animal collision according to claim 1, wherein the first collision data acquisition assembly comprises a first acceleration sensor, a first pressure sensor, and a first displacement sensor provided at a joint position of the animal phantom, and the second collision data acquisition assembly comprises a second acceleration sensor, a second pressure sensor, and a second displacement sensor provided at the train head.
3. The train collision test system for testing an animal collision according to claim 1, in which the joint position of the animal solid model is further provided with a marker point.
4. A train collision testing system for testing an animal collision according to claim 1, in which the braking zone is provided with braking means.
5. The train collision testing system for testing an animal collision according to claim 4, in which the braking zone is further provided with a collision wall, and the collision wall is provided at a side of the braking device remote from the train.
6. The train collision testing system for testing an animal collision according to claim 1, in which a lighting device is also provided on the frame.
7. The train collision test system for testing animal collisions according to claim 1, wherein said central console is further configured to reconstruct animal poses from said kinetic response parameters and animal types corresponding to animal solid models, and to analyze said animal poses, said image information, said collision velocity, and said train parameters to obtain damage results.
8. A train collision test method for testing animal collisions, applied to the train collision test system for testing animal collisions according to any one of the preceding claims 1-7, characterized in that the method comprises:
the power transmitting device accelerates the train to a target collision speed in an acceleration zone;
the train runs to the sliding area at the target collision speed and continuously slides to the test area at even speed;
when the train runs to a preset travel position at the target collision speed, the central control console sends a release instruction to the release device so as to release the train in collision running of the animal entity model;
the speed measuring device obtains the collision speed when the animal entity model collides with the train, and sends the collision speed to the central control console; the camera acquires image information when the animal entity model collides with a train and sends the image information to the central control console; the first collision data acquisition component acquires dynamic response parameters when the animal entity model collides with a train and sends the collision information to the central control console; the second collision data acquisition component is used for acquiring train parameters when the animal entity model collides with the train and sending the train parameters to the central control console;
the central control console analyzes the image information, the collision speed, the dynamic response parameters and the train parameters to obtain a damage result;
the release device comprises a frame, an electromagnetic lock, a control module, a rotary cylinder and a steel cable, wherein the control module is connected with the central control console and used for receiving a release instruction of the central control console and starting the electromagnetic lock, the rotary cylinder is arranged on the frame and connected with the rotary cylinder, a convex rod is arranged on the rotary cylinder, a ring buckle is arranged on the convex rod, a lasso is arranged on the animal entity model, and the steel cable penetrates through the ring buckle to connect the lasso with the ring buckle.
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