CN114993716B - A train crash test system and method for testing animal impact - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of animal experiment devices, and discloses a train collision test system and a method for testing animal collision, wherein the system is divided into an acceleration zone, a sliding zone, a test zone and a braking zone, the acceleration zone is provided with a power emission device, and the test zone is provided with: the system comprises an animal entity model, a releasing device, a camera, a speed measuring device, a first collision data acquisition component, a second collision data acquisition component and a central control console; the method can effectively develop the research of the train-large animal collision test, and the practical test shows that the scheme has the advantages of low test cost, strong operation controllability, strong repeatability, stable and reliable test data and stable and safe system structure.

Description

A train crash test system and method for testing animal crash

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of animal experiment devices, in particular to a train collision test system and method for testing animal collisions.

Background technique

With the rapid expansion of the railway network, collisions between animals and trains are very likely to occur on lines built in animal habitats. According to relevant research, animals along the railway line rarely respond to trains. If the train or the alarm is alarmed The animal caused them to flee, and sometimes they ran away along the rails in front of the train, and even rushed onto the rails in a panic and collided with the train. The research on collisions between trains and wild animals and plants mainly focuses on medium and large mammals, including cattle, sika deer, and moose. It will cause serious damage and destroy the aerodynamic performance of the train. If it is drawn into the bottom of the train or rolled onto the roof, it will easily lead to derailment of the wheels and rails or damage to the pantograph, threatening the safety of train operation.

Therefore, how to reduce the threat of animal impact to train safety has become an urgent problem to be solved.

Contents of the invention

The invention provides a train collision test system and method for testing animal collisions, so as to reduce the safety threat of animal collisions to trains.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

In a first aspect, the present invention provides a train crash test system for testing animal impacts, which is divided into an acceleration zone, a sliding zone, a test zone, and a braking zone, the acceleration zone is provided with a power launch device, and the test zone The set includes: animal solid model, release device, video camera, speed measuring device, first collision data acquisition component, second collision data acquisition component, and central console;

The power transmitting device is used to accelerate the train to the target collision speed, and send the collision speed to the central console;

The speed measuring device is arranged on the track corresponding to the preset travel position, and is used to obtain the collision speed when the animal model collides with the train;

The camera is used to collect the image information when the animal model collides with the train, and send the image information to the central console;

The first collision data collection component is used to collect the dynamic response parameters when the animal model collides with the train, and send the collision information to the central console;

The second collision data collection component is used to collect train parameters when the animal model collides with the train, and send the train parameters to the central console;

The central console is used to send a release command to the release device when the train runs to the preset travel position at the target collision speed to release the animal solid model from colliding with the running train; it is also used to edit the image Information, the collision speed, the dynamic response parameters and the train parameters are analyzed to obtain damage results.

Optionally, the first collision data collection component includes a first acceleration sensor, a first pressure sensor, and a first displacement sensor arranged at joint positions of the animal model, and the second collision data collection component includes a device The second acceleration sensor, the second pressure sensor, and the second displacement sensor on the train head.

Optionally, the joint positions of the animal solid model are also provided with marker points.

Optionally, the release device includes a frame, an electromagnetic lock, a control module, a rotating cylinder and a steel cable, and the control module is connected to the central console for receiving a release command from the central console and opening the The electromagnetic lock, the rotating cylinder is arranged on the frame, the electromagnetic lock is connected with the rotating cylinder, the rotating cylinder is provided with a protruding rod, and the protruding rod is provided with a ring buckle, the A lasso is arranged on the solid animal model, and the steel cable runs through the ring buckle to connect the noose and the ring buckle.

Optionally, the braking area is provided with a braking device.

Optionally, the braking zone is further provided with a collision wall, and the collision wall is arranged on a side of the braking device away from the train.

Optionally, an illuminating device is also provided on the frame.

Optionally, the central console is also used to reconstruct animal posture according to the dynamic response parameters and the animal type corresponding to the animal entity model, according to the animal posture, the image information, the collision speed, and the The above train parameters are analyzed to obtain the damage results.

In a second aspect, the present invention provides a train crash test method for testing animal impact, which is applied to the train crash test system for testing animal impact as described in the first aspect above, the method comprising:

The power launching device accelerates the train to the target collision speed in the acceleration zone;

The train runs to the sliding area at the target collision speed, and continues to slide to the test area at a constant speed;

When the train runs to a preset travel position at the target collision speed, the central console sends a release command to the release device to release the animal model from colliding with the running train;

The speed measuring device acquires the collision speed when the animal model collides with the train, and sends the collision speed to the central console; the camera collects the image information when the animal model collides with the train, and sends the image information to the The central console; the first collision data collection component collects the dynamic response parameters when the animal model collides with the train, and sends the collision information to the central console; the second collision data collection component is used to collect all Train parameters when the animal model collides with the train, and send the train parameters to the central console;

The central console analyzes the image information, the collision speed, the dynamic response parameters and the train parameters to obtain damage results.

Beneficial effect:

The train collision test system for testing animal collisions provided by the present invention can effectively carry out train-large animal collision test research. The actual tests show that the test cost of the scheme is low, the operation is highly controllable, and the repeatability is strong. The test data is stable and reliable, and the system structure is stable and safe.

In the preferred solution, the animal model is controlled by a flexible looped noose, a steel cable, and a release device, and the release of the animal model is realized by controlling the state of the electromagnetic lock through the control module; the flexible looped noose ensures that the large animal entity The collision response of the model is not affected by the restraint device; the ring buckle on the same horizontal line slides from the sliding short protruding rod at the same time due to gravity, which ensures the stable posture of the large animal solid model when it is released.

In the optimal solution, the brake device and the impact wall form a multi-stage energy-absorbing structure, which can effectively dissipate the remaining kinetic energy of the real vehicle after the collision, and at the same time realize overload protection.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a train crash test system for testing animal impacts according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a release device in a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a solid animal model immobilized by a release device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Reference signs:

1. Central console; 2. Power launching device; 3. Train; 4. Track; 5. Speed measuring device; 6. Lighting device; 7. Camera; 8. Animal model; 9. Release device; 10. Braking device ; 11, hitting the wall; 12, frame; 13, electromagnetic lock; 14, control module; 15, rotating cylinder; 16, steel cable; 17, lasso;

Detailed ways

The technical solution of the present invention is described clearly and completely below, obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Unless otherwise defined, the technical terms or scientific terms used in the present invention shall have the usual meanings understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs. "First", "second" and similar words used in the present invention do not indicate any order, quantity or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components. Likewise, words like "a" or "one" do not denote a limitation in quantity, but indicate that there is at least one. Words such as "connected" or "connected" are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. "Up", "Down", "Left", "Right" and so on are only used to indicate the relative positional relationship. When the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship also changes accordingly.

Please refer to Fig. 1, a kind of train collision test system that is used for testing animal collision that the application provides, is divided into acceleration area, sliding area, test area, and braking area, and acceleration area is provided with power launching device 2, and test area is provided with There are: animal model 8, release device 9, camera 7, speed measuring device 5, the first collision data acquisition component, the second collision data acquisition component, and the central console 1;

The power transmitting device 2 is used to accelerate the train 3 to the target collision speed, and send the collision speed to the central console 1;

The speed measuring device 5 is arranged on the track 4 corresponding to the preset stroke position, and is used to obtain the collision speed when the animal model 8 collides with the train 3;

The camera 7 is used to collect image information when the animal model 8 collides with the train 3, and sends the image information to the central console 1;

The first collision data acquisition component is used to collect dynamic response parameters when the animal model 8 collides with the train 3, and sends the collision information to the central console 1;

The second collision data acquisition component is used to collect the train parameters when the animal model 8 collides with the train 3, and sends the train parameters to the central console 1;

The central console 1 is used to send a release command to the release device 9 when the train 3 runs to the preset travel position with the target collision speed to release the animal solid model 8 to collide with the running train 3; it is also used for image information, collision speed, Dynamic response parameters and train parameters are analyzed to obtain damage results. Wherein, the joint positions of the animal solid model 8 are also provided with marker points.

In this embodiment, the solid animal model 8 refers to a large animal solid model 8 , for example, models of animals such as cows, sika deer, and moose. The camera 7 can be arranged on both sides and top of the animal model 8 to record the kinematic response image data of the animal model 8 and the real vehicle, and send it back to the central console 1 for storage. The high-speed photography data is used to Kinematics analysis: the side and top high-speed photography can obtain the overall motion posture of the moose model, the joint markers can clearly represent the displacement and rotation of the 8 joints of the large animal model, and the displacement data returned by the displacement sensor at the corresponding position Combined to realize the reconstruction and analysis of moose kinematic posture.

The above-mentioned train crash test system for testing animal impact can effectively carry out the train-large animal crash test research. The actual test shows that the test cost of the program is low, the operation is controllable, the repeatability is strong, and the test data Stable and reliable, the system structure is stable and safe.

Optionally, the first collision data acquisition component includes a first acceleration sensor, a first pressure sensor, and a first displacement sensor arranged at the joint position of the animal model 8, and the second collision data acquisition component includes a sensor located at the front of the train 3. A second acceleration sensor, a second pressure sensor, and a second displacement sensor.

In this optional embodiment, the first pressure sensor, the first displacement sensor, and the first acceleration sensor are arranged at the positions of the head, neck, back, front chest, abdomen, legs and major joints of the animal model 8. , used to obtain kinetic response parameters of large animal mock-ups 8 . A second acceleration sensor, a second pressure sensor and a second displacement sensor are arranged on the front of the actual vehicle body; when the speed of the train 3 increases from zero to a preset speed, the train 3 enters the sliding zone.

Optionally, the release device 9 includes a frame 12, an electromagnetic lock 13, a control module 14, a rotating cylinder 15 and a steel cable 16, and the control module 14 is connected to the central console 1 for receiving a release command from the central console 1 and opening the Electromagnetic lock 13, rotating cylinder 15 is located on the frame 12, electromagnetic lock 13 is connected with rotating cylinder 15, is provided with protruding rod 18 on rotating cylinder 15, and is provided with ring buckle 19 on protruding rod 18, is set on animal solid model 8 There is a noose 17, and the steel rope 16 runs through the ring buckle 19 to connect the noose 17 and the ring buckle 19.

In this optional embodiment, the noose 17 can be a flexible loop-shaped noose 17, and the animal model 8 controls the posture through the flexible loop-shaped noose 17, the steel rope 16, and the release device 9, and the electromagnetic lock is controlled by the control module 14. The state control of 13 realizes the release of the solid animal model 8; the flexible loop-like noose 17 ensures that the collision response of the large solid animal model 8 is not affected by the restraint device; Sliding on the short protruding rod 18 has ensured that the large animal solid model 8 has a stable posture when it is released.

Wherein, the release of the animal model 8 through the state control of the electromagnetic lock 13 by the control module 14 specifically includes: the electromagnetic lock 13 is connected to both ends of the rotating cylinder 15, which is in a normally closed state, and a torque is provided to limit the freedom of the rotating cylinder 15. Rotate so that the axis of the protruding rod 18 on the rotating cylinder 15 is in the horizontal direction. After the central console 1 controls the electromagnetic lock 13 to disconnect, the rotating cylinder 15 rotates clockwise around the axis due to gravity, and the ring buckle 19 is released from the short side of the rotating cylinder 15. Sliding on the protruding rod 18 makes the large animal lose the constraint of the large animal release mechanism and collides with the real vehicle.

Before starting the formal test, carry out the pre-experiment without placing the large animal solid model 8 to establish the real vehicle time-displacement curve and store it in the memory of the central controller. Quality, set the release time of the large animal model 8 automatically or manually through the central controller, so as to realize that the large animal model 8 maintains an unconstrained natural standing state at the moment of the real vehicle-large animal model 8 collision; during the formal test process, When the actual vehicle slides to the corresponding stroke, the control module 14 receives the instruction of the central controller, and the electromagnetic lock 13 is controlled to be disconnected, and the rotating cylinder 15 rotates clockwise around the axis due to gravity, and the ring buckle 19 protrudes from the short protrusion of the rotating cylinder 15. Slide down on bar 18, make large animal solid model 8 lose the constraint of large animal solid model 8 release mechanism, collide with actual vehicle.

Optionally, the braking area is provided with a braking device 10 and an impact wall 11 , and the impact wall 11 is disposed on a side of the braking device 10 away from the train 3 .

In this embodiment, the braking device 10 brakes and decelerates the real vehicle after colliding with the large animal solid model 8, and absorbs the kinetic energy of the real vehicle; the impact wall 11 is a solid wall provided with an energy-absorbing structure, which can be used as a braking device 10% interference protection device absorbs the kinetic energy of the real vehicle. Specifically, after the real vehicle drives out of the test area, the friction plates on both sides of it and the braking device 10 generate frictional force to dissipate the kinetic energy of the real vehicle to play the role of braking; the impact wall 11 is fixed on the side facing the real vehicle. The energy-absorbing structure can realize overload protection for the braking capacity of the test system.

Optionally, an illuminating device 6 is also arranged on the frame 12 . The lighting device 6 provides sufficient brightness at the collision location from multiple angles, so that the camera 7 can acquire clear, high-quality images without shadow interference.

Optionally, the central console 1 is also used to reconstruct the animal posture according to the dynamic response parameters and the animal type corresponding to the animal solid model 8, and analyze the animal posture, image information, collision speed, and train parameters to obtain damage results.

In this optional embodiment, the central console 1 adopts a programmable memory for its internal program storage; the central console 1 can communicate with the power transmitting device 2, the speed measuring device 5, the braking device 10, The camera 7 and each sensor are connected to complete the multi-point real-time collaborative control, including: receiving the large animal model 8 and the head vehicle acceleration sensor to form an acceleration curve, receiving the large animal model 8 and the head vehicle displacement sensor to form an acceleration curve Displacement curve, receiving the data sent back from the large animal solid model 8 and the speed sensor of the head car to form a speed curve, receiving the image data sent back from high-speed photography, comparing the sent data with the preset collision speed and analyzing the error, enhancing or weakening in real time The control force of the power launching device 2 makes the collision speed reach the preset value, compares and analyzes the error between the returned image data, the data of the speed measuring device 5 and the release time of the preset large animal release device 9, controls the opening and closing of the electromagnetic lock 13, and realizes Release the large animal solid model 8 to collide with the real vehicle in an unconstrained state; the central control module 14 can adopt sequential function chart, ladder diagram, three graphical languages and statement programming of function block diagram; its programming language is concise and clear, logical It is clear and does not require computer programming related knowledge, so its program development time is short, on-site debugging is easy, and the program can be modified online without disassembling the hardware.

The present application also provides a train crash test method for testing animal impact, which is applied to the train crash test system for testing animal impact as described above, the method comprising:

The power launching device 2 accelerates the train 3 to the target collision speed in the acceleration zone;

Train 3 runs to the sliding area at the target collision speed, and continues to slide to the test area at a constant speed;

When the train 3 runs to the preset travel position at the target collision speed, the central console 1 sends a release command to the release device 9 to release the animal model 8 from colliding with the running train 3;

Velocity measuring device 5 acquires the collision speed when described animal model 8 collides with train 3, and sends said collision speed to central console 1; camera 7 collects the image information when said animal model 8 collides with train 3, and sends The image information is sent to the central console 1; the first collision data acquisition component collects the dynamic response parameters when the animal model 8 collides with the train 3, and sends the collision information to the central console 1 ; The second collision data collection component is used to collect the train parameters when the animal model 8 collides with the train 3, and send the train parameters to the central console 1;

The central console 1 analyzes the image information, the collision speed, the dynamic response parameters and the train parameters to obtain damage results.

The above-mentioned method can realize various embodiments of the above-mentioned train crash test system for testing animal crash, and can achieve the same beneficial effect, and will not be repeated here.

The preferred specific embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above. It should be understood that those skilled in the art can make many modifications and changes according to the concept of the present invention without creative effort. Therefore, all technical solutions that can be obtained by those skilled in the art based on the concept of the present invention through logical analysis, reasoning or limited experiments on the basis of the prior art shall be within the scope of protection defined by the claims.

Claims (8)

1. A train collision test system for testing animal striking divide into acceleration zone, coast district, test district and braking district, its characterized in that, the acceleration zone is provided with power emitter, the test district is provided with: the system comprises an animal entity model, a releasing device, a camera, a speed measuring device, a first collision data acquisition component, a second collision data acquisition component and a central control console;

the power transmitting device is used for accelerating the train to a target collision speed and transmitting the target collision speed to the central control console;

the speed measuring device is arranged on a track corresponding to a preset travel position and is used for acquiring the collision speed of the animal entity model when the animal entity model collides with a train;

the camera is used for collecting image information when the animal entity model collides with a train and sending the image information to the central control console;

the first collision data acquisition component is used for acquiring dynamic response parameters when the animal entity model collides with a train and sending collision information to the central control console;

the second collision data acquisition component is used for acquiring train parameters when the animal entity model collides with a train and sending the train parameters to the central control console;

the central control console is used for sending a release instruction to the release device when the train runs to a preset travel position at the target collision speed so as to release the train in collision running of the animal entity model; the system is also used for analyzing the image information, the target collision speed, the dynamic response parameters and the train parameters to obtain damage results;

the release device comprises a frame, an electromagnetic lock, a control module, a rotary cylinder and a steel cable, wherein the control module is connected with the central control console and used for receiving a release instruction of the central control console and starting the electromagnetic lock, the rotary cylinder is arranged on the frame and connected with the rotary cylinder, a convex rod is arranged on the rotary cylinder, a ring buckle is arranged on the convex rod, a lasso is arranged on the animal entity model, and the steel cable penetrates through the ring buckle to connect the lasso with the ring buckle.

2. The train collision test system for testing an animal collision according to claim 1, wherein the first collision data acquisition assembly comprises a first acceleration sensor, a first pressure sensor, and a first displacement sensor provided at a joint position of the animal phantom, and the second collision data acquisition assembly comprises a second acceleration sensor, a second pressure sensor, and a second displacement sensor provided at the train head.

3. The train collision test system for testing an animal collision according to claim 1, in which the joint position of the animal solid model is further provided with a marker point.

4. A train collision testing system for testing an animal collision according to claim 1, in which the braking zone is provided with braking means.

5. The train collision testing system for testing an animal collision according to claim 4, in which the braking zone is further provided with a collision wall, and the collision wall is provided at a side of the braking device remote from the train.

6. The train collision testing system for testing an animal collision according to claim 1, in which a lighting device is also provided on the frame.

7. The train collision test system for testing animal collisions according to claim 1, wherein said central console is further configured to reconstruct animal poses from said kinetic response parameters and animal types corresponding to animal solid models, and to analyze said animal poses, said image information, said collision velocity, and said train parameters to obtain damage results.

8. A train collision test method for testing animal collisions, applied to the train collision test system for testing animal collisions according to any one of the preceding claims 1-7, characterized in that the method comprises:

the power transmitting device accelerates the train to a target collision speed in an acceleration zone;

the train runs to the sliding area at the target collision speed and continuously slides to the test area at even speed;

when the train runs to a preset travel position at the target collision speed, the central control console sends a release instruction to the release device so as to release the train in collision running of the animal entity model;

the speed measuring device obtains the collision speed when the animal entity model collides with the train, and sends the collision speed to the central control console; the camera acquires image information when the animal entity model collides with a train and sends the image information to the central control console; the first collision data acquisition component acquires dynamic response parameters when the animal entity model collides with a train and sends the collision information to the central control console; the second collision data acquisition component is used for acquiring train parameters when the animal entity model collides with the train and sending the train parameters to the central control console;

the central control console analyzes the image information, the collision speed, the dynamic response parameters and the train parameters to obtain a damage result;

the release device comprises a frame, an electromagnetic lock, a control module, a rotary cylinder and a steel cable, wherein the control module is connected with the central control console and used for receiving a release instruction of the central control console and starting the electromagnetic lock, the rotary cylinder is arranged on the frame and connected with the rotary cylinder, a convex rod is arranged on the rotary cylinder, a ring buckle is arranged on the convex rod, a lasso is arranged on the animal entity model, and the steel cable penetrates through the ring buckle to connect the lasso with the ring buckle.