CN106501013A - A kind of equivalent scale model collision test device of train and method - Google Patents
A kind of equivalent scale model collision test device of train and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106501013A CN106501013A CN201611232265.XA CN201611232265A CN106501013A CN 106501013 A CN106501013 A CN 106501013A CN 201611232265 A CN201611232265 A CN 201611232265A CN 106501013 A CN106501013 A CN 106501013A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M17/00—Testing of vehicles
- G01M17/08—Railway vehicles
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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Abstract
A kind of equivalent scale model collision test device of train and method, described device include the equivalent scale model of control system, dynamometric wall, train, drive car, drive car emission system；Drive the ground between car emission system and dynamometric wall to be provided with track, on track, put driving car, the equivalent scale model of train；Control system is connected with car emission system and driving car brake gear is driven；Drive car brake gear positioned at driving car acceleration front-drive cars towards on the track between one end of the dynamometric wall and dynamometric wall；Test the speed the track both sides between dynamometric wall and driving car brake gear are located at triggering device；Tracking light source is arranged on above dynamometric wall with image capturing system or side.Methods described is will to move equivalent scale model to clash into dynamometric wall or static equivalent scale model, obtains and clashes into related data.The present invention is conducive to accurately determining that impact is climbed car, jumps the origin causes of formation such as car, zigzag derailing, reduces test difficulty, save experimentation cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of equivalent scale model collision test device of train and method.
Background technology
The reason for damaging in research train collision and failure mode and checking train impact resistance are to reduce train
The important way of collision accident.Due to adopting full-scale train real object collision test cost prohibitively expensive, train scale model is touched
It is new effective means in train Study on Crashworthiness and method to hit pilot system and analogy method.At present, scale model test skill
Art is widely used in each engineering field, including Aero-Space, automobile, vehicle-bridge coupling, bridge tunnel, building, ammunition, earth's crust fortune
Dynamic, component materials performance etc..For train scale model is studied, as long as Gipson G.S et al. theoretically illustrate each thing
Reason parameter is rationally reduced, then study the derailing of rail truck, METHOD FOR LARGE DEFORMATION ELASTOPLASTIC, fracture by the method for scale model and lose
Effect, collision, blast, fire etc. are feasible.With some scholars based on train mould similar with the geometric shape that dependency structure is built
Type, using contracting than train model, has carried out research to the aeroperformance of the aeroperformance and tunnel of train；Ejiri Kenji、
Parczewski K, You Wonhee. et al. using simplified dynamics of vehicle scale model, to the operation stability of vehicle,
The dynamics of vehicle such as stationarity, vehicle rollover, serpentine locomotion, curve negotiation ability have carried out numerous studies.Allotta B、
Min-Soo Kim and once fly et al. research has been carried out to train Wheel Rail Contact using scale model test.Zhang Shuiwen and Hu Jinzhu
Et al. based on scale model test, research has been carried out to the traction power and braking ability of train.Iwata Yusuke、
Popprath S. et al. are based on aluminum alloy bodywork mini Mod, rail truck car body is vibrated and its structural modal is studied
Analysis.Nishimura K. are opened to the vehicle derailing under earthquake conditions based on roller testing rig and 1/10 vehicle mini Mod
Research is opened up.Rarely have scholar to study train scale model impact test and analogy method.Lowe and Al-Hassani exist
1972 to 10 kind 1:25 double decker coach scale model collision behavior has carried out research, has carried out quasistatic compression and has dropped hammer dynamic
State impact test, and point out the dependency of different proportion model test result and full scale model.
However, the equivalent contracting mould crash-test simulation of train has no research, the scale model collision of the train that the present invention is provided
Assay device and method can disclose the characteristics of motion during train collision and Evolution, be a kind of low difficulty, low cost,
Repeatable strong research meanses.
Content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcoming deficiency of the prior art, there is provided a kind of scale model impact test dress of train
Putting is used for accurately determining that impact is climbed car, jumps the origin causes of formation such as car, zigzag derailing with method, and reduction test difficulty saves experimentation cost.
The purpose of the present invention is achieved by following technical proposals：
A kind of equivalent scale model collision test device of train, including control system, dynamometric wall；It is characterized in that：
The equivalent scale model collision test device of the train also includes the equivalent scale model of train, drives car, drives car transmitting
System, tracking light source and image capturing system, track, test the speed and triggering device, driving car brake gear, data collecting system；
The ground driven between car emission system and the dynamometric wall is provided with track, puts driving car, train on track
Equivalent scale model；
The driving car emission system is used for accelerating the driving car；
The control system is connected with car emission system and driving car brake gear is driven, for sending finger by control system
Order control drives car emission system and drives the work of car brake gear；
The driving car brake gear is located at one end and the institute for driving car to accelerate the front driving car towards the dynamometric wall
State on the track between dynamometric wall so that drive car braking after, the equivalent scale model of train can unpowered art skating again with
Dynamometric wall bumps against；
The equivalent scale model of the train is placed on described one end for driving car towards the dynamometric wall, institute before car braking is driven
State the equivalent scale model of train to contact towards one end of the dynamometric wall with the driving car；
Described testing the speed be located at the track both sides between dynamometric wall and the driving car brake gear with triggering device, for measuring certainly
Speed by the equivalent scale model of the train of coast period；Described testing the speed include infrared transmitting device and reception with triggering device
Device；
The tracking light source is arranged on above dynamometric wall with image capturing system or side, for gathering the equivalent contracting ratio of moving train
There is the image for clashing in model；
The data collecting system is tested the speed and triggering device, the dynamometric wall and the tracking light source and image acquisition with described
System connects, and when the equivalent scale model of train is through described testing the speed with triggering device, described testing the speed is surveyed with triggering device
Speed, while described testing the speed starts to gather number with image capturing system with the triggering device triggering dynamometric wall and the tracking light source
According to；
The data collecting system tests the speed and triggering device, the dynamometric wall and the tracking light source and image acquisition to described
Speed, power and the view data that system is measured respectively is acquired.
The collision test device also includes the equivalent scale model of static train, the equivalent scale model position of the static train
Test the speed with the track between triggering device and the dynamometric wall in described, and cause the equivalent scale model of the moving train
Equivalent for static train scale model can be clashed into dynamometric wall after shock with the equivalent scale model of the static train.
The equivalent scale model of the moving train all adopts different equivalent suctions from the equivalent scale model of the static train
Can material simulation train coupler energy absorption device, car end energy absorption device and train body.
The train coupler energy absorption device of the equivalent scale model of the moving train, car end energy absorption device and train body point
Not using rubber, cellular material, titanium alloy material come equivalent simulation.
A kind of equivalent scale model collision test method of train, is carried out using the equivalent scale model collision test device of train
Test, makes the equivalent scale model of moving train clash into dynamometric wall, concretely comprises the following steps：
1）Opened by control system and drive car emission system, drive car brake gear, and opened and test the speed and triggering system, tracking
Light source and the power supply of image capturing system, dynamometric wall and data collecting system；
2）Signal is sent by control system, drives car emission system to launch one end and the motion towards the dynamometric wall
The driving car that the equivalent scale model of train contacts；
3）Drive car through overdrive car brake gear when, drive car brake gear to force to stop driving car, described moving train etc.
Effect scale model starts along track art skating；
4）The equivalent scale model of moving train tests the speed and triggering device through described, and described testing the speed is tested the speed with triggering device,
Simultaneously described testing the speed start gathered data with the triggering device triggering dynamometric wall and the tracking light source with image capturing system；
5）The equivalent scale model of the moving train is collided with dynamometric wall, the dynamometric wall and the tracking light source and image
Acquisition system measures power and view data and transmits to data collecting system, off-test.
A kind of equivalent scale model collision test method of train, using the equivalent contracting of the train comprising static equivalent scale model
Than model collision assay device, make the equivalent scale model of moving train clash into the equivalent scale model of static train, concretely comprise the following steps：
（a）By control system open drive car emission system, drive car brake gear, and open test the speed with triggering system, with
Track light source and the power supply of image capturing system, dynamometric wall and data collecting system；
（b）Signal is sent by control system, drives car emission system to launch one end and the fortune towards the dynamometric wall
The driving car that the equivalent scale model of dynamic train contacts；
（c）Drive car through overdrive car brake gear when, drive car brake gear to force to stop driving car, described moving train etc.
Effect scale model starts along track art skating；
（d）The equivalent scale model of moving train tests the speed and triggering device through described, and described testing the speed is tested the speed with triggering device,
Simultaneously described testing the speed start gathered data with the triggering device triggering dynamometric wall and the tracking light source with image capturing system；
（e）The equivalent scale model of the moving train is collided with the equivalent scale model of the static train, the dynamometric wall
Measure power and view data and transmit to data collecting system, off-test with image capturing system with the tracking light source.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has advantages below：The invention is ground and has built unique bullet flow both at home and abroad
The equivalent train contracting mould crash device of subregion, power stream/energy stream, can simulate train collisionproof, climb car, jump the scenes such as car, obtain car
Destruction is penetrated between caused by coupling knock against each other, climbs the accident origin cause of formation and the Evolutions such as car, zigzag derailing, greatly reduce train
The difficulty of collision process simulation and cost, improve the operability and repeatability of the process simulation.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the equivalent contracting mould crash device schematic diagram of train；
Fig. 2 is the equivalent contracting mould crash device schematic diagram of the train comprising the equivalent scale model of static train；
Fig. 3 is the equivalent scale model schematic diagram of train；
In figure：1- control systems, 2- data collecting systems, 3- tracking light sources and image capturing system, 4- drive car, 5- motion row
The equivalent contracting mould model of car, 6- drive car brake gear, 7- to test the speed and triggering device, and 8- drives car emission system, 9- tracks, 10-
Dynamometric wall, the equivalent contracting mould model of the static trains of 11-, 12- head car hitch energy absorption devices, 13- head car cars end energy absorption device, 14- heads
Car car body, car hitch energy absorption device in the middle of 15-, car car end energy absorption device, car car body in the middle of 17- in the middle of 16-.
Specific embodiment
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples：
A kind of equivalent scale model collision test device of train, including control system 1, dynamometric wall 10；It is characterized in that：
The collision test device also includes the equivalent scale model 5 of moving train, drives car 4, drives car emission system 8, tracking
Light source and image capturing system 3, track 9, test the speed and triggering device 7, drive car brake gear 6, data collecting system 2；
Drive the ground between car emission system 8 and dynamometric wall 10 to be provided with track 9, on track 9, put driving car 4, motion row
The equivalent scale model 5 of car；
Car emission system 8 is driven to be used for driving car 4 to accelerate；
Control system 1 is connected with car emission system 8 and driving car brake gear 6 is driven, for sending finger by control system 1
Order control drives car emission system 8 and drives the work of car brake gear 6；
Driving car brake gear 6 to be located at drives car 4 to accelerate front-drive cars 4 towards between one end of dynamometric wall 10 and dynamometric wall 10
On track so that drive car 4 brake after, the equivalent scale model 5 of moving train can unpowered art skating again with dynamometric wall phase
Hit；
The equivalent scale model 5 of moving train is placed on the one end for driving car 4 towards dynamometric wall 10, brakes front motion car 4 is driven
The equivalent scale model 5 of train contacts towards one end of dynamometric wall 10 with car 4 is driven；
Test the speed and 9 both sides of track between dynamometric wall 10 and driving car brake gear 6 are located at triggering device 7, for measuring freedom
The speed of the equivalent scale model 5 of the moving train of coast period；Test the speed and include infrared transmitting device and reception with triggering device 7
Device；When moving train scale model 5 is when testing the speed with triggering device 7, infrared-ray can be blocked, now be tested the speed and triggering dress
Put 7 and send signal, control tracking light source starts gathered data with image capturing system 3 and dynamometric wall 10
Tracking light source is arranged on above dynamometric wall 10 with image capturing system 3 or side, for gathering the equivalent contracting ratio of moving train
There is the image for clashing in model 5；
Data collecting system 2 is connected with image capturing system 3 with triggering device 7, dynamometric wall 10 and tracking light source with testing the speed, when
The equivalent scale model 5 of moving train when testing the speed with triggering device 7 is tested the speed and is tested the speed with triggering device 7, at the same test the speed with
The triggering of triggering device 7 dynamometric wall 10 and tracking light source start gathered data with image capturing system 3；
Data collecting system 2 pairs is tested the speed and is surveyed with triggering device 7, dynamometric wall 10 and tracking light source and image capturing system 3 respectively
Speed, power and the view data for obtaining is acquired.
Collision test device also includes the equivalent scale model 11 of static train, and the equivalent scale model 11 of static train is located to be surveyed
In speed and the track 9 between triggering device 7 and dynamometric wall 10, and cause the equivalent scale model 5 of moving train and static train
Equivalent scale model 11 can be clashed into equivalent for static train scale model 11 to dynamometric wall 10 after shock.
The equivalent scale model 5 of moving train all adopts different equivalent energy-absorbing materials from the equivalent scale model 11 of static train
Simulation train coupler energy absorption device, car end energy absorption device and train body.
Hitch energy absorption device includes a car hitch energy absorption device 12 and middle car hitch energy absorption device 15, car end energy absorption device
Including head car car end energy absorption device 13 and middle car car end energy absorption device 16, car body includes a car car body 14 and middle car car body
17.
The train coupler energy absorption device of the equivalent scale model of train, car end energy absorption device and train body are respectively adopted rubber
Glue, cellular material, titanium alloy material carry out equivalent simulation.
Car discharger 8 is driven using the equipment and product of prior art；
The vehicle that the equivalent scale model 5 of moving train and the equivalent scale model 11 of static train are all based on a large amount of different scales hits
Test data is hit, for elastic deformation structure in the middle part of the manned area of vehicle, using the theory of similarity, set up with full-scale vehicle force stream
The footpath small-scale model consistent with energy dissipation rule；For the METHOD FOR LARGE DEFORMATION ELASTOPLASTIC structural area of vehicle end and attachment means, adopt
Mechanical behavior equivalent method is used, equivalent contracting mould is set up.
Tracking light source is remembered using the camera system with adaptive rate degree track up with image capturing system 3
Record, it is achieved that up to 60 meters of train moving regions be continuously shot and image analysis technology is collided for realizing the equivalent contracting mould of train
The full-time domain of test, non-blind area shoot.
Track 9 and ground are designed and produced for conventional known technology.
A kind of equivalent scale model collision test method of train, is carried out using the equivalent scale model collision test device of train
Test, makes the equivalent scale model of moving train clash into dynamometric wall, concretely comprises the following steps：
1）Opened by control system and drive car emission system, drive car brake gear, and opened and test the speed and triggering system, tracking
Light source and the power supply of image capturing system, dynamometric wall and data collecting system；
2）Signal is sent by control system, drives car emission system to launch one end and the motion towards the dynamometric wall
The driving car that the equivalent scale model of train contacts；
3）Drive car through overdrive car brake gear when, drive car brake gear to force to stop driving car, described moving train etc.
Effect scale model starts along track art skating；
4）The equivalent scale model of moving train tests the speed and triggering device through described, and described testing the speed is tested the speed with triggering device,
Simultaneously described testing the speed start gathered data with the triggering device triggering dynamometric wall and the tracking light source with image capturing system；
5）The equivalent scale model of the moving train is collided with dynamometric wall, the dynamometric wall and the tracking light source and image
Acquisition system measures power and view data and transmits to data collecting system, off-test.
A kind of equivalent scale model collision test method of train, using the equivalent contracting of the train comprising static equivalent scale model
Than model collision assay device, make the equivalent scale model of moving train clash into the equivalent scale model of static train, concretely comprise the following steps：
（a）By control system open drive car emission system, drive car brake gear, and open test the speed with triggering system, with
Track light source and the power supply of image capturing system, dynamometric wall and data collecting system；
（b）Signal is sent by control system, drives car emission system to launch one end and the fortune towards the dynamometric wall
The driving car that the equivalent scale model of dynamic train contacts；
（c）Drive car through overdrive car brake gear when, drive car brake gear to force to stop driving car, described moving train etc.
Effect scale model starts along track art skating；
（d）The equivalent scale model of moving train tests the speed and triggering device through described, and described testing the speed is tested the speed with triggering device,
Simultaneously described testing the speed start gathered data with the triggering device triggering dynamometric wall and the tracking light source with image capturing system；
（e）The equivalent scale model of the moving train is collided with the equivalent scale model of the static train, the dynamometric wall
Measure power and view data and transmit to data collecting system, off-test with image capturing system with the tracking light source.
Claims (5)
1. the equivalent scale model collision test device of a kind of train, including control system（1）, dynamometric wall（10）；It is characterized in that：
The collision test device also includes the equivalent scale model of moving train（5）, drive car（4）, drive car emission system
（8）, tracking light source and image capturing system（3）, track（9）, test the speed and triggering device（7）, drive car brake gear（6）, number
According to acquisition system（2）；
The driving car emission system（8）With the dynamometric wall（10）Between ground be provided with track（9）, track（9）Upper pendulum
Put driving car（4）, the equivalent scale model of moving train（5）；
The driving car emission system（8）For to the driving car（4）Accelerated；
The control system（1）With driving car emission system（8）And drive car brake gear（6）Connection, for by control
System（1）Send instruction control and drive car emission system（8）And drive car brake gear（6）Work；
The driving car brake gear（6）It is located at the driving car（4）The driving car before accelerating（4）Towards the dynamometric wall
（10）One end and the dynamometric wall（10）Between track on so that drive car（4）After braking, mould is compared in the equivalent contracting of moving train
Type（5）Can unpowered art skating again with dynamometric wall bump against；
The equivalent scale model of the moving train（5）It is placed on the driving car（4）Towards the dynamometric wall（10）One end,
Drive car（4）Brake the equivalent scale model of the front moving train（5）With the driving car（4）Towards the dynamometric wall（10）'s
One end contacts；
Described test the speed and triggering device（7）It is located at dynamometric wall（10）With the driving car brake gear（6）Between track（9）Two
Side, the equivalent scale model of the moving train for measuring the art skating stage（5）Speed；
The tracking light source and image capturing system（3）It is arranged on dynamometric wall（10）Top or side, for gathering moving train
Equivalent scale model（5）There is the image for clashing into；
The data collecting system（2）Test the speed and triggering device with described（7）, the dynamometric wall（10）And the tracking light source
With image capturing system（3）Connection, when the equivalent scale model of moving train（5）Test the speed and triggering device through described（7）When, institute
State and test the speed and triggering device（7）Tested the speed, while described test the speed and triggering device（7）Trigger the dynamometric wall（10）With described
Tracking light source and image capturing system（3）Start gathered data；
The data collecting system（2）Test the speed and triggering device to described（7）, the dynamometric wall（10）And the tracking light source
With image capturing system（3）Speed, power and the view data for measuring respectively is acquired.
2. the collision test device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The collision test device also includes static
The equivalent scale model of train（11）, the equivalent scale model of the static train（11）It is located at described testing the speed and triggering device（7）With
The dynamometric wall（10）Between track（9）On, and cause the equivalent scale model of the moving train（5）With the static row
The equivalent scale model of car（11）Can be by equivalent for static train scale model after shock（11）Clash into dynamometric wall（10）On.
3. collision test device according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that：The equivalent scale model of the moving train
（5）With the equivalent scale model of the static train（11）Different equivalent energy-absorbing material simulation train coupler energy-absorbing dresses are all adopted
Put, car end energy absorption device and train body.
4. the equivalent scale model collision test method of a kind of train, it is characterised in that：Using a kind of train described in claim 1
Equivalent scale model collision test device is tested, and makes the equivalent scale model of moving train（5）Clash into dynamometric wall（10）, specifically
Step is：
1）By control system（1）Open and drive car emission system（8）, drive car brake gear（6）, and open and test the speed and triggering
System（7）, tracking light source and image capturing system（3）, dynamometric wall（10）And data collecting system（3）Power supply；
2）By control system（1）Signal is sent, car emission system is driven（8）Launch towards the dynamometric wall（10）One end
With the equivalent scale model of the moving train（5）The driving car for contacting（4）；
3）Drive car（4）Through car brake gear of overdriving（6）When, drive car brake gear（6）Force to stop driving car, the fortune
The equivalent scale model of dynamic train（5）Start along track art skating；
4）The equivalent scale model of moving train（5）Test the speed and triggering device through described（7）, described test the speed and triggering device（7）
Tested the speed, while described test the speed and triggering device（7）Trigger the dynamometric wall（10）With the tracking light source and image acquisition
System（3）Start gathered data；
5）The equivalent scale model of the moving train（5）With dynamometric wall（10）Collide, the dynamometric wall（10）With described with
Track light source and image capturing system（3）Measure power and view data and transmit to data collecting system, off-test.
5. the equivalent scale model collision test method of a kind of train, it is characterised in that：Using a kind of train described in claim 2
Equivalent scale model collision test device, makes the equivalent scale model of moving train clash into the equivalent scale model of static train, specifically
Step is：
（a）By control system（1）Open and drive car emission system（8）, drive car brake gear（6）, and open and test the speed and touch
The system of sending out（7）, tracking light source and image capturing system（3）, dynamometric wall（10）And data collecting system（3）Power supply；
（b）By control system（1）Signal is sent, car emission system is driven（8）Launch towards the dynamometric wall（10）One
End and the equivalent scale model of the moving train（5）The driving car for contacting（4）；
（c）Drive car（4）Through car brake gear of overdriving（6）When, drive car brake gear（6）Force to stop driving car, described
The equivalent scale model of moving train（5）Start along track art skating；
（d）The equivalent scale model of moving train（5）Test the speed and triggering device through described（7）, described test the speed and triggering device（7）
Tested the speed, while described test the speed and triggering device（7）Trigger the dynamometric wall（10）With the tracking light source and image acquisition
System（3）Start gathered data；
（e）The equivalent scale model of the moving train（5）With the equivalent scale model of the static train（11）Collide, described
Dynamometric wall（10）With the tracking light source and image capturing system（3）Measure power and view data and transmit to data acquisition system
System, off-test.
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