CN114993091B - Zero-power consumption self-adaptive distributed waste heat recycling system of ethylene device - Google Patents
Zero-power consumption self-adaptive distributed waste heat recycling system of ethylene device Download PDFInfo
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- CN114993091B CN114993091B CN202210550861.1A CN202210550861A CN114993091B CN 114993091 B CN114993091 B CN 114993091B CN 202210550861 A CN202210550861 A CN 202210550861A CN 114993091 B CN114993091 B CN 114993091B
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- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 237
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 99
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003044 adaptive effect Effects 0.000 claims 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
- F28D21/0001—Recuperative heat exchangers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G9/00—Thermal non-catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils
- C10G9/14—Thermal non-catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils in pipes or coils with or without auxiliary means, e.g. digesters, soaking drums, expansion means
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G9/00—Thermal non-catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils
- C10G9/14—Thermal non-catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils in pipes or coils with or without auxiliary means, e.g. digesters, soaking drums, expansion means
- C10G9/18—Apparatus
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
- F23L15/00—Heating of air supplied for combustion
- F23L15/04—Arrangements of recuperators
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
- F28F1/10—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F27/00—Control arrangements or safety devices specially adapted for heat-exchange or heat-transfer apparatus
- F28F27/02—Control arrangements or safety devices specially adapted for heat-exchange or heat-transfer apparatus for controlling the distribution of heat-exchange media between different channels
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28G—CLEANING OF INTERNAL OR EXTERNAL SURFACES OF HEAT-EXCHANGE OR HEAT-TRANSFER CONDUITS, e.g. WATER TUBES OR BOILERS
- F28G9/00—Cleaning by flushing or washing, e.g. with chemical solvents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2400/00—Products obtained by processes covered by groups C10G9/00 - C10G69/14
- C10G2400/20—C2-C4 olefins
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Geometry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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- Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention provides a zero-power consumption self-adaptive distributed waste heat recycling system of an ethylene device, which comprises a waste heat collecting pipeline system, waste heat recycling devices and a waste heat return pipeline system, wherein the waste heat collecting pipeline system leads out working media containing waste heat from waste heat sources of the ethylene device and distributes the working media to the waste heat recycling devices; the invention uses the combustion air of the burner at the bottom of the ethylene cracking furnace as a carrier to recycle and reuse various waste heat of the ethylene device area, and does not increase the power energy consumption additionally; through the flow distribution design of the system pipeline, the flow distribution device can be adjusted in a self-adaptive manner, and under the condition that an adjusting control valve is not added, the flow uniformity of each group of waste heat recovery devices can be realized, so that the uniformity of the temperature field of the hearth of the ethylene cracking furnace is ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of waste heat recovery of ethylene devices, and particularly relates to a zero-power consumption self-adaptive distributed waste heat recovery and utilization system of an ethylene device.
Background
The ethylene plant area usually has abundant low-temperature waste heat resources, such as circulating quench water, various condensate, exhausted steam exhaust, process hot water and the like, and some of the low-temperature waste heat is directly discharged, and some of the low-temperature waste heat needs to be recycled after being treated by secondary energy consumption. The ethylene cracking furnace is distributed by a plurality of burners in the same hearth, the hearth is in a micro negative pressure environment, and the conventional air concentrated preheating method is difficult to be applied. The pyrolysis furnace generally adopts normal-temperature air for combustion supporting, the temperature of the air is low, the improvement of the overall thermal efficiency of the pyrolysis furnace is not facilitated, and the air can be used as a heat exchange carrier to recycle the low-temperature waste heat of the device area. The ethylene cracking furnace has very high requirements on the hearth temperature field, and the combustion conditions of all the burners in the hearth are basically consistent so as to ensure the uniformity of the hearth temperature field.
At present, a system for recycling low-temperature waste heat by taking combustion air of a burner at the bottom of a cracking furnace as a carrier does not consider ensuring uniformity of a temperature field of a hearth of the cracking furnace, and the use environment of the hearth can be changed due to the addition of a waste heat recycling device, and negative influence is generated on the temperature field of the hearth; meanwhile, power equipment such as a blower and a water pump and electric instrument equipment such as a control valve group are added, so that the complexity of the system is improved, and the power energy consumption and the system investment are increased.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention solves the technical problems that: the zero-power-consumption self-adaptive distributed waste heat recycling system of the ethylene device can be adaptively adjusted, and under the condition that an adjusting control valve is not added, the uniform and consistent flow of each group of waste heat recycling devices can be realized, so that the uniformity of a temperature field in an ethylene cracking furnace chamber is ensured;
meanwhile, the comprehensive recovery of the waste heat of the ethylene cracking furnace group can be realized, the problems of water hammer and the like of a pipe network of the system due to pressure fluctuation are avoided, the ash accumulation problem of the waste heat recovery device is solved, and the heat exchange efficiency is improved.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the zero-power consumption self-adaptive distributed waste heat recycling system of the ethylene device comprises a waste heat collecting pipeline system, waste heat recycling devices and waste heat return pipeline systems, wherein the waste heat collecting pipeline system is used for leading out working media containing waste heat from waste heat sources of the ethylene device and distributing the working media to the waste heat recycling devices; the waste heat collection pipeline system is provided with flow control elements in a grading manner, and the flow of each group of waste heat recovery devices is uniformly distributed through differential distribution of pipeline flow of the flow control elements.
Preferably, when the waste heat recovery devices are arranged in groups, each group at least comprises two waste heat recovery devices, and the waste heat recovery devices are mutually connected in parallel and work independently; the waste heat collecting pipeline system comprises a collecting main pipe, a collecting main pipe and a collecting branch pipe; the waste heat return pipeline system comprises a return main pipe, a return main pipe and a return branch pipe; the collecting main pipe is used for leading out working media containing waste heat from a waste heat source, conveying the working media to each group of waste heat recovery devices through the collecting main pipe, and further conveying the working media to each waste heat recovery device in the group through a corresponding collecting branch pipe; the working medium after the waste heat recovery and utilization by each waste heat recovery device is returned to the return main pipe corresponding to the group of waste heat recovery devices through the return branch pipes, and the original waste heat source is further returned through the return main pipe; the collecting main pipe is provided with a main pipe flow control element, and the collecting branch pipe is provided with a branch pipe flow control element.
Preferably, the flow of each group of waste heat recovery devices is uniformly distributed, and specifically: the pressure drop of the waste heat recycling system meets the following conditions:
ΔP g1 +ΔP j1 +ΔP z1 ＝ΔP g2 +ΔP j2 +ΔP z2 ＝...＝ΔP gn +ΔP jn +ΔP zn
wherein DeltaP t Delta P is the total pressure drop of the waste heat recovery system a For collecting the main pipe, returning the main pipe and the main pipe flowTotal pressure drop, Δp, of the quantity control element b ΔP is the total pressure drop of the collecting main, the return main, and the main flow control element c Total pressure drop for the waste heat recovery device and the collecting branch, return branch, branch flow control elements; n is the group number of the waste heat recovery device, delta P gi For the total pressure drop of the collecting main pipe and the return main pipe corresponding to the i-th group of the waste heat recovery device, delta P ji For the total pressure drop, Δp, of the waste heat recovery device of group i and the corresponding branch flow control element zi I=1, 2,3 … n, the total pressure drop of the collecting branch pipe and the returning branch pipe corresponding to the i-th group of the waste heat recovery devices.
Preferably, the working parameters of the main flow control element, the main flow control element or the branch flow control element conform to the following relation:
where q is the flow rate, μ is the flow coefficient, a is the area of the flow control element, Δp is the pressure loss, ρ is the heat source density.
Preferably, the number of each group of the waste heat recovery devices is 8-10.
Preferably, the waste heat collecting pipeline system is provided with a temperature-reducing pressure balancing device, and the temperature-reducing pressure balancing device comprises: the temperature sensor is used for monitoring temperature and pressure signals of the waste heat collecting pipeline system, the regulating valve is used for adjusting opening according to the temperature and pressure signals so as to control the flow of the desuperheating water, and the desuperheater is used for spraying the desuperheating water to cool a waste heat source so as to maintain the stability of the pressure of the waste heat collecting pipeline system.
Preferably, the waste heat recovery device includes: the device comprises an air inlet, an air outlet, a connecting air channel, a water inlet component, a water outlet component and a heat exchange element, wherein the water inlet component is connected with a waste heat collecting pipeline system and used for introducing working media containing waste heat, the water outlet component is connected with a waste heat return pipeline system and used for conveying the working media with the waste heat recovered and utilized, the air inlet is used for sucking cold air, the heat exchange element is used for exchanging heat between the working media containing the waste heat and the cold air, and the air outlet is connected with the connecting air channel and used for conveying preheated air.
Preferably, the waste heat recovery device further comprises an online self-cleaning device, wherein the online self-cleaning device comprises a purging pipeline and a purging nozzle, the purging nozzle is a fan-shaped atomizing nozzle with an injection angle of 60-120 degrees, and the purging nozzle is arranged in a double-layer opposite mode; the purging medium is conveyed to the purging spray head through the purging pipeline, and the waste heat recovery device is purged; the purging medium is compressed air or low-pressure steam.
Preferably, the heat exchange element is a circular or oval fin tube bundle.
Preferably, a turbulence assembly is arranged in the fin tube bundle.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
(1) According to the zero-power-consumption self-adaptive distributed waste heat recycling system for the ethylene device, provided by the invention, the mechanical flow control element is arranged on the waste heat collecting pipeline system, the system pipeline flow distribution is carried out through the differential design of the flow control element, the self-adaptive capacity is realized, the uniformity of flow distribution of the waste heat recycling device is realized under the condition that an adjusting control valve is not added, the uniformity of a furnace hearth temperature field of a cracking furnace is ensured, and the temperature deviation of the waste heat recycling devices in different groups can be accurately controlled within +/-3 ℃;
(2) According to the zero-power-consumption self-adaptive distributed waste heat recycling system for the ethylene device, provided by the invention, the temperature-reducing pressure balancing device is arranged on the waste heat collecting pipeline system, so that the pressure fluctuation of the waste heat collecting pipeline system is monitored in real time, and the temperature reduction treatment is carried out if necessary, so that the problems of water hammer and the like of a pipe network of the system due to the pressure fluctuation are avoided, and the operation of the system is safer and more stable;
(3) According to the zero-power-consumption self-adaptive distributed waste heat recycling system for the ethylene device, provided by the invention, the on-line self-cleaning device is arranged on the waste heat recycling device, and the on-line cleaning of the accumulated ash of the equipment is realized through the joint work of the multi-stage spray heads, so that the stable and efficient operation of the equipment is ensured;
(4) According to the zero-power-consumption self-adaptive distributed waste heat recycling system for the ethylene device, the heat exchange element of the waste heat recycling device adopts the round or oval fin tube, and the efficient turbulence assembly is arranged in the tube, so that the heat exchange efficiency is improved;
(5) According to the zero-power-consumption self-adaptive distributed waste heat recycling system for the ethylene device, the waste heat recycling devices are arranged in groups and are mutually connected in parallel to work independently, and the waste heat collecting pipeline system and the waste heat returning pipeline system are connected to form the distributed waste heat recycling system, so that comprehensive waste heat recycling of an ethylene cracking furnace group can be realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a waste heat recovery and utilization system of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a waste heat recovery device of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a heat exchange element and a spoiler according to the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic view of the self-cleaning device of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a zero-power consumption self-adaptive distributed waste heat recycling system of an ethylene device, which is used for recycling various low-temperature waste heat of an ethylene device area on the premise of not increasing extra power consumption, not increasing an adjusting control valve and not affecting the normal operation of a cracking furnace; mainly comprises the following steps: the waste heat recovery device utilizes waste heat through taking combustion air of a burner at the bottom of the ethylene cracking furnace as a heat exchange carrier, and the cooled working medium is conveyed back to the original waste heat source system through the waste heat return pipeline system.
The distribution design of the system flow is carried out by the distribution design of the system pressure drop, and the design requirement is met by arranging a mechanical flow control element on the waste heat collection pipeline system and realizing the distribution of the system pipeline flow by differentially arranging the flow control element.
The waste heat recovery device is internally provided with a high-efficiency heat exchange element, cold air is sucked by utilizing the negative pressure environment of the hearth of the ethylene cracking furnace and is converted into hot air after heat exchange with a waste heat source, and the hot air enters the combustor to support combustion, so that the waste heat source is recycled.
Further description is provided below with reference to specific examples:
as shown in fig. 1, the embodiment provides a zero-power consumption self-adaptive distributed waste heat recycling system of an ethylene device, which comprises a waste heat collecting pipeline system, a waste heat recycling device 9 and a waste heat return pipeline system.
Each ethylene cracking furnace bottom is provided with a plurality of bottom combustors, the embodiment comprises a plurality of waste heat recovery devices 9, the waste heat recovery devices 9 are used by one combustor or simultaneously used by a plurality of combustors, the waste heat recovery devices 9 are arranged in groups, the waste heat recovery devices 9 are mutually connected in parallel and independently work, and the waste heat recovery devices are connected with the waste heat return pipeline system through the waste heat collection pipeline system to form a distributed waste heat recovery system.
The waste heat collecting pipeline system comprises a collecting main pipe 16, a collecting main pipe 7 and a collecting branch pipe 12, and the waste heat return pipeline system comprises a return main pipe 5, a return main pipe 8 and a return branch pipe 13; the collecting main pipe 16 is used for leading out working media containing waste heat from a waste heat source, the collecting main pipe 7 is connected with the collecting main pipe 16, the working media containing waste heat are conveyed to each group of waste heat recovery devices 9, the collecting branch pipe 12 is connected with the collecting main pipe 7, and the working media containing waste heat are conveyed to each waste heat recovery device 9 in the group; the waste heat return pipeline system comprises a return main pipe 5, a return main pipe 8 and a return branch pipe 13, wherein the return branch pipe 13 is connected with the return main pipe 8, waste heat recovered by each waste heat recovery device 9 is conveyed to the corresponding return main pipe 8, the return main pipe 8 is connected with the return main pipe 5, and the recovery main pipe 5 returns working media with the waste heat recovered by the waste heat recovery device to the original waste heat source system; a main pipe flow control element 17 is arranged on the collecting main pipe 16, a main pipe flow control element 6 is arranged on the collecting main pipe 7, and a branch pipe flow control element 11 is arranged on the collecting branch pipe 12. The uniformity of the flow rate of each waste heat recovery device 9 is achieved by the differentiated setting of the flow rate control elements.
The flow of the waste heat recovery device 9 in the whole waste heat recovery system is uniform through the matched arrangement of the main pipe flow control element 17, the main pipe flow control element 6 and the branch pipe flow control element 11, and the flow and the pressure drop of each waste heat recovery device 9 meet the following conditions:
q 1 ＝q 2 ＝q 3 ＝…＝q i
ΔP 1 ＝ΔP 2 ＝…＝ΔP n
wherein q i For the flow rate of the working medium containing the waste heat flowing through the waste heat recovery device 9 of the i-th group, i=1, 2, 3..n, n is the number of groups of the waste heat recovery devices 9, and for the temperature rise of the air heated by each group of the waste heat recovery devices 9 to be uniform, the flow rate of the working medium containing the waste heat flowing through each group of the waste heat recovery devices 9 needs to be uniform.
ΔP t Delta P is the total pressure drop of the whole waste heat recovery system a Collecting the total pressure drop, Δp, of the main pipe 16 and the return main pipe 5 and the main pipe flow control element 17 for the waste heat recovery system b Collecting the total pressure drop, Δp, of the main pipe 7 and return main pipe 8 and main pipe flow control element 6 for the waste heat recovery system c The sum of the pressure drops of the waste heat recovery device 9 and the waste heat recovery system collecting branch 12 and return branch 13 and branch flow control element 11.
ΔP i For the pressure drop of the working medium containing waste heat through the waste heat recovery device 9 of group i, i=1, 2, 3..n, the composition is Δp i ＝ΔP gi +ΔP ji +ΔP zi Wherein, deltaP gi For the total pressure drop of the collecting main pipe 7 and the return main pipe 8 corresponding to the i-th group of the waste heat recovery device 9, delta P ji For the i-th group of waste heat recovery devices 9 and corresponding manifold flow control elements 11 total pressure drop, ΔP zi For the total pressure drop of the collecting branch pipe 12 and the return branch pipe 13 corresponding to the i-th group of the waste heat recovery devices 9, each group of delta P is adjusted ji And delta P zi 、ΔP gi Relationship between them is such that
Thereby ensuring that the air temperature rise of each group of waste heat recovery devices 9 tends to be consistent.
The working parameters of the main flow control element 17, the main flow control element 6 or the branch flow control element 11 conform to the following relation:
where q is the flow, μ is the flow coefficient, A is the area of the flow control element, ΔP is the pressure loss, ρ is the heat source density, and the flow coefficient μ is 0.62 and 0.7 according to the test data.
The flow control elements are arranged in groups according to the distance between the waste heat recovery device 9 and the waste heat source, and the number of each group of the waste heat recovery device 9 is 8-10. The flow of each group of waste heat recovery devices 9 is distributed through the arrangement of the flow control element, so that the consistency of flow distribution of each flow recovery device 9 is realized, and further, the uniform distribution of the temperature field of the cracking furnace is ensured, and the system is not influenced by the system of the invention. The temperature deviation of the waste heat recovery devices 9 of different groups can be accurately controlled within +/-3 ℃.
According to the method for realizing flow distribution by the waste heat recovery system through the flow control element, an additional adjusting control valve group is not needed, and self-adaptive adjustment can be performed in a certain range when the flow of the system changes; meanwhile, the uniformity of flow distribution of each waste heat recovery device 9 is realized, and the uniformity of a cracking furnace temperature field is ensured.
According to the waste heat recycling system provided by the invention, the waste heat collecting pipeline system and the waste heat return pipeline system are arranged according to the distribution priority of the waste heat source and form a plurality of groups of return lines, and each return line independently operates and is switched for use; in the embodiment, a two-stage return line is adopted, a waste heat source is a storage tank 1, a two-stage return line is adopted, a waste heat collecting pipeline system of the one-stage return line leads out the heat source from the front of the one-stage heat exchanger 2, and the waste heat return pipeline system returns the heat source to a one-stage return water point behind the one-stage heat exchanger 2; the waste heat collection pipeline system of the secondary water return line leads out a heat source from between the primary heat exchanger 2 and the secondary heat exchanger 3, and the waste heat return pipeline system returns the heat source to the secondary water return point behind the secondary heat exchanger 3; according to the distribution priority requirement of the heat source system, the two-stage water diversion pipelines are independently operated and switched for use, so that the flexibility and the adaptability of the waste heat recovery system are improved.
In this embodiment, the waste heat recovery system further includes a temperature-reducing pressure balancing device, the temperature-reducing pressure balancing device includes: the temperature and pressure reducing device comprises a pressure sensor 15, a temperature sensor 20, a regulating valve 19, a desuperheater 14 and a desuperheater 18, wherein the pressure sensor 15 and the temperature sensor 20 are used for monitoring a temperature and pressure signal of a waste heat collecting main pipe 16, when the temperature and pressure signal exceeds a set value, the regulating valve 19 is opened to enable the desuperheater 14 to enter the desuperheater 18, the opening degree of the regulating valve 19 is proportional to a pressure difference signal of the pressure sensor 15, the desuperheater 18 consists of a circle of nozzles distributed along the circumferential direction of the collecting main pipe 16, the desuperheater 14 is mixed with a waste heat source through the nozzles to perform temperature reduction treatment on the waste heat source, and when the temperature and pressure signal monitored by the pressure sensor 15 and the temperature sensor 20 is lower than the set value, the regulating valve 19 is closed, and the desuperheater 14 does not flow out any more.
The temperature-reducing pressure balance system detects the pressure of the waste heat collecting pipeline system, and solves the safety problem that water hammer is easy to occur due to large pressure fluctuation in a system pipe network through temperature-reducing treatment of a waste heat source.
The waste heat recovery device 9 of the waste heat recovery system of the invention utilizes the recovered waste heat to preheat the combustion air of the burner at the bottom of the ethylene cracking furnace, utilizes the negative pressure allowance of the hearth to suck the ambient cold air, and does not need to increase power equipment such as a blower, a draught fan, a pump and the like, and does not increase power consumption.
As shown in fig. 2, the waste heat recovery device 9 includes: the waste heat recovery device comprises a shell 27, an air inlet 28, an air outlet 32, a connecting air channel 21, an air inlet assembly 24, a water return assembly 26 and a heat exchange element 30, wherein the air inlet 28 and the air outlet 32 are positioned at two ends of the shell 27, the air inlet assembly 24 and the water return assembly 26 are positioned on the side face of the shell 27, the water inlet assembly 24 is connected with a waste heat collection pipeline system, working media containing waste heat enter the waste heat recovery device 9 through the air inlet 28, cold air enters the waste heat recovery device 9 through the air inlet 28, heat exchange is carried out between the air inlet and a waste heat source through the heat exchange element 30 positioned in the shell 27 to become hot air, one end of the connecting air channel 21 is connected with the shell 27, one end of the connecting air channel is connected with a burner at the bottom of an ethylene cracking furnace through the air outlet 32, preheated air enters the burner through the air outlet 32 to support combustion, the water return assembly 26 is connected with the waste heat return pipeline system, and the working media with waste heat recovery is conveyed.
As shown in fig. 3, the heat exchange element 30 of the heat recovery device 9 in this embodiment is a fin tube bundle, in which a turbulence element 35 is disposed for further enhancing the heat exchange effect, and the fin tube may be circular or oval.
In this embodiment, a dust-proof baffle 29 is further disposed at the air inlet 28 of the waste heat recovery device 9, for reducing floating and impurity entering the equipment; an access door 31 is opened on the side surface of the housing 27 for overhauling the waste heat recovery device; a thermometer 23 is arranged on the connecting air duct 21 and is used for monitoring the temperature of the preheated air; the connecting duct 21 is provided with a bypass damper 22 for supplementing the standby air.
In this embodiment, the waste heat recovery device 9 is further provided with a self-cleaning device 25, as shown in fig. 4, the self-cleaning device 25 includes a purge pipe 34 and a plurality of groups of purge nozzles 33 arranged in two layers, the purge nozzles 33 are fan-shaped atomizing nozzles with an injection angle of 60 ° to 120 °, and the upper layer and the lower layer of the purge nozzles 33 are oppositely arranged and staggered with the heat exchange element 30 at intervals; the purging medium is conveyed to the purging nozzle 33 through the purging pipeline 34 to purge the heat exchange element 30 on the windward side; the purging pipeline 34 and the purging nozzle 33 are connected through a purging interface, and the purging interface is flange-type; the purging medium is compressed air or low-pressure steam.
The invention has been described above in connection with preferred embodiments, which are, however, exemplary only and for illustrative purposes. On this basis, the invention can be subjected to various substitutions and improvements, and all fall within the protection scope of the invention.
What is not described in detail in the present specification is a well known technology to those skilled in the art.
Claims (8)
1. The zero-power consumption self-adaptive distributed waste heat recycling system of the ethylene device is characterized by comprising a waste heat collecting pipeline system, waste heat recycling devices (9) and waste heat return pipeline systems, wherein the waste heat collecting pipeline system is used for leading out working media containing waste heat from waste heat sources of the ethylene device and distributing the working media to the waste heat recycling devices (9), the waste heat recycling devices (9) are used for heating combustion air of a burner at the bottom of an ethylene cracking furnace by utilizing heat of the waste heat, and the waste heat return pipeline systems are used for conveying the working media which are recycled to the original waste heat sources; the waste heat collection pipeline system is provided with flow control elements in a grading manner, and the flow of each group of waste heat recovery devices (9) is uniformly distributed through the differential distribution of pipeline flow of the flow control elements;
when the waste heat recovery devices (9) are arranged in groups, each group at least comprises two waste heat recovery devices (9), and the waste heat recovery devices (9) are connected in parallel and work independently; the waste heat collection pipeline system comprises a collection main pipe (16), a collection main pipe (7) and a collection branch pipe (12); the waste heat return pipeline system comprises a return main pipe (5), a return main pipe (8) and a return branch pipe (13); the collecting main pipe (16) is used for leading out working media containing waste heat from a waste heat source, conveying the working media to each group of waste heat recovery devices (9) through the collecting main pipe (7), and further conveying the working media to each waste heat recovery device (9) in the group through the corresponding collecting branch pipe (12); the working medium after the waste heat recovery and utilization by each waste heat recovery device (9) is returned to a return main pipe (8) corresponding to the group of waste heat recovery devices (9) through a return branch pipe (13), and is further returned to an original waste heat source through the return main pipe (5); a main pipe flow control element (17) is arranged on the collecting main pipe (16), a main pipe flow control element (6) is arranged on the collecting main pipe (7), and a branch pipe flow control element (11) is arranged on the collecting branch pipe (12);
the flow of each group of waste heat recovery devices (9) is uniformly distributed, and the specific method comprises the following steps: the pressure drop of the waste heat recycling system meets the following conditions:
ΔP g1 +ΔP j1 +ΔP z1 ＝ΔP g2 +ΔP j2 +ΔP z2 ＝...＝ΔP gn +ΔP jn +ΔP zn
wherein DeltaP t Delta P is the total pressure drop of the waste heat recovery system a For the total pressure drop of the collecting main (16), the return main (5) and the main flow control element (17), deltaP b For the total pressure drop of the collecting main pipe (7), the return main pipe (8) and the main pipe flow control element (6), delta P c -providing a total pressure drop between said waste heat recovery device (9) and said collecting branch (12), return branch (13), branch flow control element (11); n is the group number of the waste heat recovery device (9), delta P gi For the total pressure drop of the collecting main pipe (7) and the return main pipe (8) corresponding to the i-th group of the waste heat recovery devices (9), delta P ji For the total pressure drop, ΔP, of the waste heat recovery device (9) of group i and of the corresponding branch flow control element (11) zi I=1, 2,3 … n, the total pressure drop of the collecting branch (12) and the return branch (13) corresponding to the waste heat recovery device (9) of the i-th group.
2. The zero-power-consumption adaptive distributed waste heat recycling system of ethylene units according to claim 1, wherein the working parameters of the main pipe flow control element (17), the main pipe flow control element (6) or the branch pipe flow control element (11) conform to the following relation:
where q is the flow rate, μ is the flow coefficient, a is the area of the flow control element, Δp is the pressure loss, ρ is the heat source density.
3. The zero-power-consumption self-adaptive distributed waste heat recycling system of the ethylene device according to claim 2, wherein the number of each group of the waste heat recycling devices (9) is 8-10.
4. The zero power consumption adaptive distributed waste heat recovery and utilization system of an ethylene unit according to claim 1, wherein the waste heat collecting pipeline system is provided with a temperature-reducing pressure balancing device, the temperature-reducing pressure balancing device comprises: the waste heat collecting pipeline system comprises a pressure sensor (15), a temperature sensor (20), a regulating valve (19), desuperheater (14) and a desuperheater (18), wherein the pressure sensor (15) and the temperature sensor (20) are used for monitoring temperature and pressure signals of the waste heat collecting pipeline system, the regulating valve (19) is used for adjusting opening according to the temperature and pressure signals so as to control flow of the desuperheater (14), and the desuperheater (18) is used for spraying the desuperheater (14) to cool a waste heat source so as to maintain pressure stability of the waste heat collecting pipeline system.
5. The zero power consumption adaptive distributed waste heat recovery and utilization system of an ethylene plant according to claim 1, wherein the waste heat recovery device (9) comprises: the device comprises an air inlet (28), an air outlet (32), a connecting air duct (21), a water inlet assembly (24), a water outlet assembly (26) and a heat exchange element (30), wherein the water inlet assembly (24) is connected with a waste heat collecting pipeline system and used for introducing working media containing waste heat, the water outlet assembly (26) is connected with a waste heat return pipeline system and used for conveying the working media which are recycled, the air inlet (28) is used for sucking cold air, the heat exchange element (30) is used for exchanging heat between the working media containing waste heat and the cold air, and the air outlet (32) is connected with the connecting air duct (21) and used for conveying preheated air.
6. The zero-power-consumption self-adaptive distributed waste heat recycling system of an ethylene device according to claim 5, wherein the waste heat recycling device (9) further comprises an online self-cleaning device (25), the online self-cleaning device (25) comprises a purging pipeline (34) and a purging spray head (33), the purging spray head (33) is a fan-shaped atomizing nozzle with an injection angle of 60-120 degrees, and the purging spray head (33) is arranged in a double-layer opposite mode; the purging medium is conveyed to the purging spray head (33) through the purging pipeline (34) to clean the waste heat recovery device (9); the purging medium is compressed air or low-pressure steam.
7. The zero power consumption adaptive distributed waste heat recycling system of ethylene units according to claim 5 or 6, wherein: the heat exchange element (30) is a round or oval fin tube bundle.
8. The zero power consumption adaptive distributed waste heat recovery and utilization system for ethylene units according to claim 7, wherein: and a turbulence assembly (35) is arranged in the fin tube bundle.
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210550861.1A CN114993091B (en) | 2022-05-18 | 2022-05-18 | Zero-power consumption self-adaptive distributed waste heat recycling system of ethylene device |
| KR1020237038077A KR20230165330A (en) | 2022-05-18 | 2022-07-12 | Self-adaptive decentralized waste heat recovery utilization system without power consumption for ethylene units |
| PCT/CN2022/105099 WO2023221274A1 (en) | 2022-05-18 | 2022-07-12 | Zero-power-consumption adaptive distributed waste heat recycling system for ethylene plant |
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| CN202210550861.1A CN114993091B (en) | 2022-05-18 | 2022-05-18 | Zero-power consumption self-adaptive distributed waste heat recycling system of ethylene device |
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| CN114993091A CN114993091A (en) | 2022-09-02 |
| CN114993091B true CN114993091B (en) | 2023-05-12 |
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| KR (1) | KR20230165330A (en) |
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| JP2004292889A (en) * | 2003-03-26 | 2004-10-21 | Jfe Steel Kk | Heating furnace and method for cooling heating furnace |
| CN100429461C (en) * | 2003-11-27 | 2008-10-29 | 北京航天动力研究所 | Bottoms combustion air preheater system and method of ethylene cracking furnace |
| CN102502512B (en) * | 2011-11-07 | 2013-04-17 | 上海奕材环保科技有限公司 | Method for providing oxygen rich gas with stable flow and purity for oxygen rich combustion supporting of kiln |
| CN102393024A (en) * | 2011-11-10 | 2012-03-28 | 王海波 | Composite phase change heat exchange device for boiler flue gas waste heat recovery |
| CN104089294A (en) * | 2014-07-31 | 2014-10-08 | 青岛大学 | Flue gas waste heat recycling method |
| CN106051805B (en) * | 2016-06-24 | 2018-12-14 | 福建龙净环保股份有限公司 | A kind of residual neat recovering system and method using smoke discharging residual heat as steam air heater heat source |
| CN106196145B (en) * | 2016-06-28 | 2018-09-25 | 北京联创鼎新石化设备有限公司 | A kind of large size negative-pressure heating furnace air preheating system and method |
| CN207776908U (en) * | 2018-01-08 | 2018-08-28 | 北京工业大学 | It is a kind of based on single-screw expander without fluid reservoir skid-mounted type organic Rankine cycle power generation system |
| CN108518669A (en) * | 2018-06-08 | 2018-09-11 | 江苏双良新能源装备有限公司 | A kind of piping-main scheme thickness gas waste heat source concentrates residual neat recovering system and method |
| JP7111525B2 (en) * | 2018-06-25 | 2022-08-02 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | Once-through heat recovery boiler and control system for once-through heat recovery boiler |
| CN216047807U (en) * | 2021-07-06 | 2022-03-15 | 江苏航天惠利特环保科技有限公司 | Open combustor high temperature flue gas waste heat recovery utilizes device |
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| CN114993091A (en) | 2022-09-02 |
| WO2023221274A1 (en) | 2023-11-23 |
| KR20230165330A (en) | 2023-12-05 |
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