CN114992754A

CN114992754A - Ventilation device for building and use method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN114992754A
Application number: CN202210796440.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 赵宝金; 吴玮; 侯金庸
Original assignee: Fengyang County Fengcheng Construction Engineering Co ltd
Current assignee: Fengyang County Fengcheng Construction Engineering Co ltd
Priority date: 2022-07-06
Filing date: 2022-07-06
Publication date: 2022-09-02

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of building construction, in particular to a ventilation device for building construction and a use method thereof; a ventilation unit for building when using, if say with the inside exhaust duct switch-on of predetermineeing of resident building, can accelerate the inside contaminated air that gets into of predetermined exhaust duct like the flue gas and other contaminated air that contain the dust granule when discharging fast, can also carry out purification treatment to the contaminated air, detach the dust granule and dissolve harmful substance in the flue gas, avoid the contaminated air atmospheric environment that the resident daily life produced.

Description

Ventilation device for building and use method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of building construction, in particular to a ventilation device for building construction and a using method thereof.

Background

The method comprises the following steps that pipelines need to be reserved in building construction for ventilating and radiating the interior of a building, and different ventilating devices need to be communicated with the reserved pipelines of the building according to different building types; for example, aiming at a residential building, a ventilation pipeline is generally vertically arranged, an unpowered fan cover is installed at the upper end of the ventilation pipeline, and the unpowered fan cover is a ventilation device;

when ventilating and radiating for some factory building buildings, in order to accelerate the ventilation inside the factory building to realize rapid ventilation and radiation, not only an air pipe installation axial flow fan (the axial flow fan is just a ventilation device) is required to be arranged on the slope top of the factory building for ventilation and radiation, but also a ventilation and radiation device is required to be arranged at the side ends around the factory building, the ventilation and radiation device is an air conditioner or other refrigeration equipment such as an evaporation distributor and the like, and is used for sending refrigeration air into the factory building, the energy consumption is large when the air conditioner or the evaporation radiator operates, and the cost is not favorable for reducing the daily maintenance cost of the factory building.

In view of the above problems in the prior art, the present invention is directed to a ventilation device for building construction and a method of using the same.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a ventilation device for building construction and a using method thereof, which aim to solve the problems in the background technology.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:

a ventilation device for a building construction, the ventilation device for the building construction comprising:

the lower end of the wall body is communicated with an air inlet duct, and an induced draft fan is arranged in the wall body; one end of the air inlet duct is communicated with the air supply bend, and a stop plug assembly is arranged at the position of the air supply bend;

the top end of the air supply bend is communicated with the dust removal heat dissipation box, a dust removal assembly is arranged inside the dust removal heat dissipation box, and the air supply bend is communicated with a dust removal assembly arranged inside the dust removal heat dissipation box; the dust removal and heat dissipation box is installed on the installation frame, a hanging rod is arranged at the lower end of the right side of the installation frame and is fixedly connected with the air supply bent channel, and the hanging rod is used for hoisting the lower end of the air supply bent channel; one side of the mounting rack is fixedly arranged on the wall body;

one side of the dust removal and heat dissipation box is communicated with the hopper through the exhaust pipe, the hopper is installed on the installation frame, the bottom end of the hopper is communicated with the dust exhaust pipe, the top end of the hopper is communicated with the return air pipe, and one end of the return air pipe penetrates through the wall body and then extends into the inner side of the wall body.

As a further scheme of the invention: the upper end and the lower end of the position where the air inlet duct is in contact with the wall body are respectively filled with a leakage-proof sealing strip; and a silencing elbow is arranged at the outer side of the air supply bend.

As a further scheme of the invention: the stop assembly comprises a floating ball and baffles, the baffles are symmetrically distributed at the corner position of the upper end of the air supply bend, and the two baffles are symmetrically distributed to form a notch; the floater is placed on the upper end of the baffle, and the lower end of the floater is connected with the bottom end inside the air supply bent channel through a pull rope.

As a further scheme of the invention: the induced draft fan comprises a fixed frame and an induced draft fan body, the fixed frame is fixedly arranged in the air inlet duct, and the induced draft fan body is arranged in the fixed frame; the induced draft fan body is formed by assembling six fan blades, an induced draft gap is formed between every two adjacent fan blades, and the angle range of the induced draft gap is controlled to be 20-30 degrees.

As a further scheme of the invention: the dust removal assembly comprises: the expansion pipe comprises an expansion sleeve, a throat pipe and an expansion pipe, wherein one end of the expansion sleeve is communicated with the top end of the air supply bend, and the other end of the expansion sleeve is communicated with the throat pipe; the upper part and the lower part of the throat pipe are symmetrically communicated with a water supply and pressure pipe; the other end of the pressure supply pipe is communicated with the expansion pipe, a centrifugal cyclone is arranged in the expansion pipe, and the other end of the expansion pipe is communicated with the hopper through an exhaust pipe.

As a further scheme of the invention: the quantity of pressure supply pipe is eight, and eight pressure supply pipe divide into both ends about two sets of distribution choke, and every group pressure supply pipe's quantity is four, and eight pressure supply pipe all supply water through the end of intaking.

As a further scheme of the invention: the mounting bracket is characterized in that a cross beam is arranged on one side of the mounting bracket and is fixedly arranged on a wall body through a locking assembly, the upper end of the cross beam is connected with the upper end of one side of the mounting bracket through a pull rod, and a triangle is formed among the pull rod, the mounting bracket and the cross beam.

As a further scheme of the invention: locking Assembly includes lock dish and lock, and the quantity of lock is two, and two lock installations are fixed in the lock dish upper end left and right sides, and the mounting groove has been seted up to the lock upper end left and right sides, and the mounting groove matches and is equipped with the arch of bending.

The use method of the ventilation device for the building construction comprises the following steps:

firstly, mounting and fixing a mounting frame outside a wall body through a locking assembly, then mounting and arranging a hopper and a dedusting heat dissipation box on the mounting frame, and mounting an air supply bent pipe at the lower end of the mounting frame;

secondly, after the whole ventilating device for the building construction is installed and fixed, starting a draught fan installed in an air inlet duct and starting a dedusting assembly arranged in a dedusting heat dissipation box; the induced draft fan operates in the air inlet duct to generate a negative pressure state to suck the polluted air on the inner side of the wall body, and then the polluted air is sent into a dust removal assembly arranged in the dust removal heat dissipation box through the air supply bend to be processed;

and thirdly, after the polluted air containing the settled particles enters the hopper, the settled dust particles are discharged through a dust discharge pipe, and clean cold air is conveyed to the inner side of the wall body again through the installed dust removal heat dissipation box to ventilate, dissipate heat and cool the indoor environment.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

when the ventilating device for the building is used, if the ventilating device is communicated with the exhaust pipeline preset in the residential building, polluted air such as smoke and other polluted air containing dust particles entering the preset exhaust pipeline can be accelerated to be quickly exhausted, meanwhile, the polluted air can be purified, the dust particles are removed, harmful substances in the smoke are dissolved, and the pollution of the polluted air generated by daily life of residents to the atmospheric environment is avoided;

if the pipeline is communicated with the reserved pipeline of the factory building, not only can the polluted air discharged from the factory building be purified, but also the heat exchange can be carried out between the polluted air and the hot air discharged from the factory building, the polluted air is changed into cold air to enter the inside of the factory building again, and the ventilation and heat dissipation are carried out on the inside of the factory building which operates daily; heat exchange with the discharged polluted air is carried out through water supply contact, and when the device runs with a traditional air conditioner or an evaporative radiator and other devices, the specific heat capacity of water resources is fully utilized, so that the energy consumption is low;

more importantly, it is whole a ventilation unit for building construction through special construction design's locking Assembly with traditional bolt with the mode of gasket installation compare, owing to be at the wall body side through the arch of bending carry out the atress tensile, and the arch of bending is installed fixedly through the bolt side, consequently only need dismantle bolt position department can realize easily that the arch of bending breaks away from, but not direct and the inboard extrusion contact of wall body with traditional bolted connection's nut, because the nut closely laminates with the wall body inboard during the dismantlement, consequently do not use the spanner to wrench very easily the nut, it is difficult to take a lot of trouble.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a ventilation apparatus for a building according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic view of an internal structure of a dust box of a ventilation device for a building according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is an installation schematic diagram of an induced draft fan of the ventilation device for the building according to the embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a mounting bracket of a ventilation device for a building according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a locking assembly of a ventilating device for building construction according to an embodiment of the present invention.

In the figure: 1-air inlet duct, 2-draught fan, 3-wall body, 4-leakproof sealing strip, 5-suspender, 6-air supply bend, 7-silencing bend, 8-pull rope, 9-baffle, 10-floating ball, 11-dust exhaust pipe, 12-mounting rack, 13-hopper, 14-exhaust pipe, 15-return air pipe, 16-dedusting heat dissipation box, 17-pull rod, 18-water inlet end, 19-centrifugal cyclone, 20-capacity expansion pipe, 21-throat, 22-pressure supply pipe, 23-telescopic sleeve, 24-fixing rack, 25-draught fan body, 26-air induction gap, 27-beam, 28-locking component, 29-locking disc, 30-locking column, 31-mounting groove, 32-bolt, 33-bending the bulge.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantageous effects to be solved by the present invention more clearly apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

Examples

Referring to fig. 1, a ventilation device for a building according to an embodiment of the present invention includes:

the lower end of the wall body 3 is communicated with an air inlet duct 1, and the air inlet duct 1 is used for communicating an indoor air pipe with an air outlet; an induced draft fan 2 is arranged in the wall 3 and drives the induced draft fan 2 to operate, and the induced draft fan 2 generates negative pressure in the air inlet duct 1 and is used for sucking polluted air which needs to be discharged and needs to be purified and cooled into the air inlet duct 1; one end of the air inlet duct 1 is communicated with an air supply bent duct 6, and the air supply bent duct 6 is used for changing the output direction of polluted air entering the air inlet duct 1 and changing the polluted air entering transversely into vertical output; the air supply bend 6 is provided with a stop assembly, and the stop assembly can realize automatic stop when the induced draft fan 2 stops running at the bend of the air supply bend 6, so that dust particles originally accumulated in the air supply bend 6 are prevented from falling and flowing back to the inside of the air inlet duct 1;

the top end of the air supply bend 6 is communicated with the dust removal heat dissipation box 16, a dust removal assembly is arranged inside the dust removal heat dissipation box 16, and the air supply bend 6 is communicated with a dust removal assembly arranged inside the dust removal heat dissipation box 16; the dust removal and heat dissipation box 16 is installed on the installation frame 12, the lower end of the right side of the installation frame 12 is provided with a suspender 5, the suspender 5 is fixedly connected with the air supply bend 6, and the suspender 5 is used for hoisting the lower end of the air supply bend 6; one side of the mounting frame 12 is fixedly arranged on the wall 3;

one side of the dedusting and heat dissipation box 16 is communicated with a hopper 13 through an exhaust pipe 14, the hopper 13 is installed on an installation frame 12, the bottom end of the hopper 13 is communicated with a dust exhaust pipe 11, the dust exhaust pipe 11 is used for exhausting collected dust particles, the top end of the hopper 13 is communicated with a return air pipe 15, one end of the return air pipe 15 penetrates through the wall 3 and then extends into the inner side of the wall 3, and the arranged return air pipe 15 is used for exhausting clean cold air to the inner side of the wall 3;

when the ventilation device for the building is used, the whole ventilation device for the building is installed and fixed on one side of a wall body 3, then an induced draft fan 2 installed in an air inlet duct 1 is started, the induced draft fan 2 operates to cause a negative pressure state in the air inlet duct 1, polluted air containing heat in the wall body 3 is sucked, the polluted air circulates in the air inlet duct 1, the flowing direction is changed when the polluted air flows to the position of an air supply bent duct 6, and the polluted air flows vertically from a transverse flow;

when the polluted air reaches the turning position of the air supply bend 6, the arranged stop plug assembly is automatically opened under the action of buoyancy generated by hot air, so that the polluted hot air enters the dust removal and heat dissipation box 16 after passing through the air supply bend 6;

in the dedusting and radiating box 16, the entered polluted air is purified by the operation of the installed dedusting component, and finally the polluted air is guided to enter the hopper 13 through the exhaust pipe 14; in the hopper 13, the polluted air is deposited, the deposited dust particles are discharged through the position of the dust discharge pipe 11 after descending and moving along the inside of the hopper 13, and the purified clean cold air rises and flows back to the inner side of the wall 3 through the air return pipe 15 to ventilate and radiate the indoor space of the inner side of the wall 3;

furthermore, the upper end and the lower end of the position where the air inlet duct 1 is in contact with the wall 3 are respectively filled with a leakage-proof sealing strip 4, and the sealing property of the installation between the air inlet duct 1 and the wall 3 is improved through the arranged leakage-proof sealing strips 4; the phenomenon that the negative pressure state of the draught fan 2 on the inside of the air inlet duct 1 is reduced due to leakage inside the air inlet duct 1 is avoided, and polluted air is not easy to suck and quickly pass through the air inlet duct 1; the silencing elbow 7 is arranged at the outer side of the air supply bend 6, and the noise caused by pneumatic friction generated by contact with the external natural air when the air inlet duct 1 is ventilated can be effectively reduced through the silencing elbow 7;

furthermore, the stopper assembly comprises a floating ball 10 and baffles 9, the baffles 9 are symmetrically distributed at the corner positions at the upper end of the air supply bend 6, and the two baffles 9 are symmetrically distributed to form gaps; the floating ball 10 is placed at the upper end of the baffle 9, and the lower end of the floating ball 10 is connected with the bottom end inside the air supply bent channel 6 through the pull rope 8;

when the polluted hot air flowing into the air inlet duct 1 turns to rise at the position of the air supply bend 6, the polluted hot air generates buoyancy to push the floating ball 10 to rise at the upper end of the baffle 9, and then a gap caused by the symmetrical baffle 9 is opened for the polluted hot air to pass through, and the floating ball 10 cannot float up infinitely because the lower end of the floating ball 10 is connected with the inner wall of the air supply bend 6 through the pull rope 8; when the draught fan 2 stops running, the arranged floating ball 10 is restored to the initial state under the action of self gravity and is used for blocking a gap caused by the blockage, so that dust particles temporarily stored in the top end of the air supply bent pipe 6 are prevented from falling into the air supply bent pipe 6 to be deposited, the dust particles deposited in the air supply bent pipe 6 can be always maintained within a certain concentration range, and the problem that the amount of the dust particles deposited in the air supply bent pipe 6 is large and the ventilation flow in the air supply bent pipe 6 at the next time is influenced is solved;

referring to fig. 3, further, the induced draft fan 2 includes a fixing frame 24 and an induced draft fan body 25, the fixing frame 24 is installed and fixed inside the air inlet duct 1, and the induced draft fan body 25 is arranged inside the fixing frame 24; the induced draft fan body 25 is formed by assembling six fan blades, an induced draft gap 26 is formed between every two adjacent fan blades, and the angle range of the induced draft gap 26 is controlled to be 20-30 degrees; when the power supply is switched on to the draught fan body 25 and the draught fan body 25 rotates at a high speed, the rotating draught fan body 25 generates vacuum in a negative pressure state in the air inlet duct 1, so that polluted hot air flows to the air supply bend 6 through an induced air gap 26 formed by fan blades;

by arranging six fan blades which are symmetrically distributed, the generated air volume is maximum, the discharge of polluted air entering the air inlet duct 1 can be accelerated, and large-particle dust impurities contained in the polluted air can be crushed in the process of high-speed rotation of the draught fan body 25, so that the dust removal treatment of the polluted air is facilitated;

referring to fig. 2, further, the dust removing assembly includes: the expansion pipe 23, the throat 21 and the expansion pipe 20, wherein one end of the expansion pipe 23 is communicated with the top end of the air supply bend 6, and the other end of the expansion pipe 23 is communicated with the throat 21; the throat 21 is communicated with pressure supply pipes 22 in an up-and-down symmetrical manner; the other end of the pressure supply pipe 22 is communicated with a capacity expansion pipe 20, a centrifugal cyclone 19 is arranged in the capacity expansion pipe 20, and the other end of the capacity expansion pipe 20 is communicated with the hopper 13 through an exhaust pipe 14;

when the polluted hot air containing dust particles and rising along the interior of the air supply bend 6 enters the interior of the telescopic sleeve 23, temporary storage is firstly carried out in the interior of the telescopic sleeve 23, and the telescopic sleeve 23 has elasticity, so that the polluted hot air temporarily stored in the interior of the telescopic sleeve 23 can cause micro-vibration on the telescopic sleeve 23, and then the polluted hot air enters the interior of the throat 21; when the polluted hot air enters the throat 21, the centrifugal cyclone 19 is started and the pressure supply pipe 22 is connected with a high-pressure water source; the high-pressure water source is atomized and sprayed out through the pressure supply water pipe 22, water mist is formed inside the throat 21 and is used for being fully and uniformly mixed with the polluted hot air entering the throat 21, and sedimentation of dust particles in the polluted hot air is accelerated; when the centrifugal cyclone 19 rotates, a negative pressure state is generated inside the expansion pipe 20, so that the dust settling effect of the polluted air in the expansion pipe 20 can be further improved while the polluted air mixed with dust particles is quickly sucked; finally, hot air containing pollution particles enters the hopper 13 through the exhaust pipe 14, gas-solid separation is carried out on the pollution air in the hopper 13, and dust particles are heavy, so that the pollution air can descend in the hopper 13 and are finally exhausted through the dust exhaust pipe 11; the clean air is lighter, rises in the hopper 13, and finally is returned through the air return pipe 15 and conveyed to the indoor communicated with the inner side of the wall body 3 for utilization, so as to ventilate, radiate and cool the indoor;

specifically, the number of the pressure supply water pipes 22 is eight, the eight pressure supply water pipes 22 are divided into two groups of upper and lower ends of the throat 21, the number of each group of pressure supply water pipes 22 is four, and the eight pressure supply water pipes 22 all supply water through the water inlet end 18;

when water mist is generated inside the throat pipe 21 by atomizing the water supply pressure water pipe 22 to realize the sedimentation effect of dust in the polluted air, water is supplied through the position of the water inlet end head 18, an incoming water source is dispersed to the positions of the eight water supply pressure water pipes 22, and finally the water mist is sprayed out by atomizing up and down inside the throat pipe 21 to realize the dust settling effect of the dust in the polluted air;

referring to fig. 4 and 5, a cross beam 27 is arranged on one side of the mounting frame 12, the cross beam 27 is mounted and fixed on the wall 3 through a locking assembly 28, the upper end of the cross beam 27 is connected with the upper end of one side of the mounting frame 12 through a pull rod 17, and a triangle is formed among the pull rod 17, the mounting frame 12 and the cross beam 27;

when the mounting frame 12 is used for fixedly mounting the whole ventilating device for the building construction and the wall 3, the arranged cross beam 27 is fixedly mounted on the wall through the locking assembly 28, and then the dust removal and heat dissipation box 16 and the hopper 13 are fixedly mounted at the upper end of the mounting frame 12; the lower end of the mounting frame 12 is provided with a hoisting air supply bend 6 through a suspender 5; the pull rod 17 is used for shielding the outer side of the dust removal heat dissipation box 16 arranged at the upper end of the mounting frame 12, so that the dust removal heat dissipation box 16 is prevented from falling off when being subjected to wind resistance in daily use; the locking assembly 28 is arranged, so that the whole mounting frame 12 can be conveniently detached and mounted, and can be conveniently mounted at different height positions outside the wall body 3;

specifically, the locking assembly 28 comprises a lock disc 29 and two lock columns 30, the two lock columns 30 are mounted and fixed on the left side and the right side of the upper end of the lock disc 29, mounting grooves 31 are formed in the left side and the right side of the upper end of the lock columns 30, and the mounting grooves 31 are provided with bending protrusions 33 in a matching manner;

when the locking assembly 28 is used for connecting one side of the mounting frame 12 to enable the mounting frame 12 to be fixedly assembled with the wall 3, mounting holes can be formed in the cross beam 27 and the wall 3 at the same time; then, after the lock column 30 installed on the lock disc 29 of the locking assembly 28 passes through the installation hole formed in the cross beam 27 and the installation hole formed in the wall 3, one side of the lock column 30 is shielded by the arranged bending bulge 33 on the inner side of the wall 3; the bending bulge 33 is fixedly arranged on the mounting groove 31 arranged at the upper end of the lock column 30 through a bolt 32; because the bending bulge 33 is a corner bulge, the arranged bending bulge 33 can be clamped on the inner side of the wall body 3, and the whole mounting frame 12 is locked and fixed; on the mounting frame 12 needing to be disassembled, only the bending bulge 33 arranged on the lock column 30 needs to be disassembled through the bolt 32; compared with the traditional bolt and gasket installation mode, the side edge of the wall body 3 is stressed and stretched through the bending bulge 33, and the bending bulge 33 is installed and fixed through the side edge of the bolt 32, so that the bending bulge 33 can be easily separated only by disassembling the position of the bolt 32 instead of directly pressing and contacting the nut connected with the traditional bolt with the inner side of the wall body 3, and the nut is tightly attached to the inner side of the wall body 3 during disassembly, so that the nut cannot be easily twisted without a spanner, and the labor are wasted;

firstly, after a mounting frame 12 is fixedly arranged on the outer side of a wall body 3 through a set locking assembly 28, a hopper 13 and a dust removal and heat dissipation box 16 are arranged on the mounting frame 12, and an air supply bend 6 is arranged at the lower end of the mounting frame 12;

secondly, after the whole ventilating device for the building is installed and fixed, starting a draught fan 2 installed in an air inlet duct 1 and starting a dust removal assembly arranged in a dust removal heat dissipation box 16; the induced draft fan 2 operates in the air inlet duct 1 to generate a negative pressure state to suck polluted air on the inner side of the wall body 3, and then the polluted air is sent into a dedusting and radiating assembly arranged in a dedusting and radiating box 16 through an air supply bend 6 to be processed;

thirdly, after the polluted air containing the settled particles enters the hopper 13, the settled dust particles are discharged through the dust discharge pipe 11, and clean cold air is conveyed to the inner side of the wall body 3 again through the installed dust removal heat dissipation box 16 to ventilate, dissipate heat and cool the indoor air;

in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly and may, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A ventilation device for a building construction, characterized in that the ventilation device for a building construction comprises:

the lower end of the wall body (3) is communicated with the air inlet duct (1), and the draught fan (2) is installed in the wall body (3); one end of the air inlet duct (1) is communicated with the air supply bent duct (6), and a stop plug assembly is arranged at the position of the air supply bent duct (6);

the top end of the air supply bend (6) is communicated with the dust removal heat dissipation box (16), a dust removal assembly is arranged in the dust removal heat dissipation box (16), and the air supply bend (6) is communicated with the dust removal assembly arranged in the dust removal heat dissipation box (16);

the dust removal and heat dissipation box (16) is installed on the installation frame (12), a suspender (5) is arranged at the lower end of the right side of the installation frame (12), and the suspender (5) is fixedly connected with the air supply bent channel (6);

one side of the mounting rack (12) is fixedly arranged on the wall body (3); dust removal heat dissipation case (16) one side is through exhaust pipe (14) switch-on hopper (13), and hopper (13) are installed on mounting bracket (12), and dust exhaust pipe (11) are put through to hopper (13) bottom, and return air pipe (15) are put through to hopper (13) top, and return air pipe (15) one end is passed and is stretched into behind wall body (3) at wall body (3) inboard.

2. A ventilating device for buildings according to claim 1, characterized in that: the upper end and the lower end of the position where the air inlet duct (1) is contacted with the wall body (3) are respectively filled with a leakage-proof sealing strip (4); and a silencing elbow (7) is arranged at the outer side of the air supply bent pipe (6).

3. A ventilating device for buildings according to claim 1, characterized in that: the stop plug assembly comprises a floating ball (10) and baffle plates (9), the baffle plates (9) are symmetrically distributed at the corner positions of the upper end of the air supply bent channel (6), and the two baffle plates (9) are symmetrically distributed to form gaps; the floating ball (10) is placed at the upper end of the baffle (9), and the lower end of the floating ball (10) is connected with the bottom end inside the air supply bent channel (6) through the pull rope (8).

4. A ventilating device for buildings according to claim 1, characterized in that: the induced draft fan (2) comprises a fixing frame (24) and an induced draft fan body (25), the fixing frame (24) is fixedly arranged in the air inlet duct (1), and the induced draft fan body (25) is arranged in the fixing frame (24); the induced draft fan body (25) is formed by assembling six fan blades, an induced draft gap (26) is formed between every two adjacent fan blades, and the angle range of the induced draft gap (26) is controlled to be 20-30 degrees.

5. A ventilating device for buildings according to claim 1, characterized in that: the dust removal assembly comprises: the air supply device comprises a telescopic sleeve (23), a throat (21) and an expansion pipe (20), wherein one end of the telescopic sleeve (23) is communicated with the top end of the air supply bent pipe (6), and the other end of the telescopic sleeve (23) is communicated with the throat (21); the throat pipe (21) is communicated with water supply and pressure pipes (22) in an up-and-down symmetrical manner; the other end of the pressure water supply pipe (22) is communicated with the expansion pipe (20), the centrifugal cyclone (19) is installed inside the expansion pipe (20), and the other end of the expansion pipe (20) is communicated with the hopper (13) through the exhaust pipe (14).

6. A ventilating device for building construction according to claim 5, wherein: the number of the water supply pressing pipes (22) is eight, the eight water supply pressing pipes (22) are divided into two groups of distribution throats (21) and the upper end and the lower end of the distribution throats, the number of the water supply pressing pipes (22) in each group is four, and the eight water supply pressing pipes (22) supply water through the water inlet end heads (18).

7. A ventilating device for buildings according to claim 1, characterized in that: mounting bracket (12) one side is equipped with crossbeam (27), and crossbeam (27) are fixed on wall body (3) through locking Assembly (28) installation, are connected through pull rod (17) between crossbeam (27) upper end and mounting bracket (12) one side upper end, form triangle-shaped between pull rod (17), mounting bracket (12) and crossbeam (27).

8. A ventilating device for a building construction according to claim 7, wherein: locking Assembly (28) are including lock dish (29) and lock post (30), and the quantity of lock post (30) is two, and two lock posts (30) installation are fixed in lock dish (29) upper end left and right sides, and mounting groove (31) have been seted up to lock post (30) upper end left and right sides, and mounting groove (31) match and are equipped with bending protrusion (33).

9. A method of using a ventilation unit for a building construction according to any of claims 1 to 8, comprising the steps of:

firstly, mounting and fixing a mounting rack (12) at the outer side of a wall body (3) through a set locking assembly (28), then mounting and arranging a hopper (13) and a dust removal and heat dissipation box (16) on the mounting rack (12), and mounting an air supply bend (6) at the lower end of the mounting rack (12);

secondly, after the whole ventilating device for the building is installed and fixed, starting a draught fan (2) installed in the air inlet duct (1) and starting a dust removal assembly arranged in a dust removal heat dissipation box (16); the induced draft fan (2) operates in the air inlet duct (1) to generate a negative pressure state to suck in polluted air on the inner side of the wall body (3), and then the polluted air is sent into a dust removal assembly arranged in a dust removal and heat dissipation box (16) through an air supply bend (6) to be processed;

and thirdly, after the polluted air containing the settled particles enters the hopper (13), the settled dust particles are discharged through the dust discharge pipe (11), and clean cold air is conveyed to the inner side of the wall body (3) again through the installed dust removal heat dissipation box (16) to ventilate, dissipate heat and cool the indoor environment.