CN114990538B - Aluminum alloy surface blackening treatment method - Google Patents
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- CN114990538B CN114990538B CN202210929592.XA CN202210929592A CN114990538B CN 114990538 B CN114990538 B CN 114990538B CN 202210929592 A CN202210929592 A CN 202210929592A CN 114990538 B CN114990538 B CN 114990538B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C22/05—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions
- C23C22/06—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6
- C23C22/34—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 containing fluorides or complex fluorides
- C23C22/36—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 containing fluorides or complex fluorides containing also phosphates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C22/78—Pretreatment of the material to be coated
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C22/82—After-treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23G—CLEANING OR DE-GREASING OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY CHEMICAL METHODS OTHER THAN ELECTROLYSIS
- C23G1/00—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts
- C23G1/14—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts with alkaline solutions
- C23G1/22—Light metals
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
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Abstract
A blackening treatment method for the surface of an aluminum alloy belongs to the technical field of metal surface treatment, and comprises four steps of surface cleaning, surface activation, blackening liquid dipping and heat treatment; according to the invention, a blackened film layer with good corrosion resistance and strong adhesive force is obtained on the surface of the aluminum alloy through a simple blackening treatment process, in a corrosion resistance test, after a drop of 5wt% sodium hydroxide aqueous solution is dripped on the blackened film layer on the surface, the time for bubbles to emerge is 94-101 seconds, the exposure time of a base metal is 208-212 seconds, and in an adhesive force test, the times of steel ball impact when the film layer falls off or is broken are 109-116 times.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a blackening treatment method for an aluminum alloy surface, and belongs to the technical field of metal surface treatment.
Background
Aluminum alloy, as an industrial material widely used, has received wide attention from various industries such as aerospace, automobiles, precision instruments and the like due to its characteristics of high strength, high toughness, high specific strength, high corrosion resistance, easy processing and forming and the like. Since aluminum alloys have low surface hardness and are easily worn, surface treatment is often required after aluminum alloy parts are formed. The blackening treatment is a common metal surface treatment method, the traditional high-temperature alkaline blackening process has high energy consumption and poor production conditions, and the normal-temperature blackening liquid is usually a selenium-copper system with strong toxicity. Therefore, extensive attention is paid to research and development of nontoxic blackening liquid. The present nontoxic blackening liquid can be roughly divided into molybdenum series, copper-sulfur series, manganese series and black phosphating series, and the components of the film layer are mainly metal oxides or sulfides. Although the blackening liquid of different systems has certain advantages, the problems of low adhesive force and poor corrosion resistance of a film layer obtained after the blackening treatment still exist in the blackening treatment of the aluminum alloy.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a blackening treatment method for the surface of an aluminum alloy, which realizes the following purposes: through a simple blackening treatment process, a blackening film layer with good corrosion resistance and strong adhesive force is obtained on the surface of the aluminum alloy.
In order to realize the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the blackening treatment process for the surface of aluminum alloy includes four steps of surface cleaning, surface activation, blackening liquid soaking and heat treatment.
The following is a further improvement of the above technical solution:
step 1, surface cleaning
Completely immersing the aluminum alloy part into a cleaning solution, heating the cleaning solution to 50-85 ℃, immersing for 25-45 minutes, taking out the aluminum alloy part, washing for 3-6 times by using clear water, and naturally airing to obtain the cleaned aluminum alloy part for later use;
the cleaning solution consists of sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, potassium silicate and deionized water;
the mass ratio of the sodium hydroxide to the sodium carbonate to the potassium silicate to the deionized water is 8 to 14, and is from 5 to 13;
the modulus of the potassium silicate is 1.5 to 2.2.
Step 2, surface activation
Immersing the cleaned aluminum alloy part into the surface activation liquid, taking out after immersing for 1 to 2 hours, washing for 3 to 6 times by using clear water, quickly drying by using hot air at 40 to 60 ℃, obtaining the surface-activated aluminum alloy part after drying, and storing in a dry environment for later use;
the surface activation liquid consists of hydrochloric acid, polyether modified silicone oil, trimethylsilanol, potassium dihydrogen citrate and deionized water;
the mass ratio of the hydrochloric acid to the polyether modified silicone oil to the trimethylsilanol to the potassium dihydrogen citrate to the deionized water is (7) - (11);
the mass concentration of hydrogen chloride in the hydrochloric acid is 12 to 18wt%;
the polyether modified silicone oil is alpha- [3- [1, 3-tetramethyl-1- (trimethylsilyl-oxo) disiloxane ] -propyl-omega-hydroxy polyoxyethylene ].
Step 3, blackening liquor dipping
Immersing the aluminum alloy part with the activated surface into a blackening solution, maintaining the temperature of the blackening solution at 75-95 ℃, immersing for 20-35 minutes, taking out, washing with clear water until the pH of an eluate is = 6.7-7.0, and quickly drying with hot air at 40-60 ℃ to obtain an aluminum alloy part immersed in the blackening solution;
the blackening liquid consists of sodium fluosilicate, potassium bifluoride, sodium hexametaphosphate, thiourea, cobalt citrate and deionized water;
the mass ratio of the sodium fluosilicate to the potassium hydrogen fluoride to the sodium hexametaphosphate to the thiourea to the cobalt citrate to the deionized water is (2) - (8).
Step 4, heat treatment
And heating the aluminum alloy part soaked by the blackening liquid to 150-230 ℃ in a nitrogen atmosphere, preserving the heat for 30-55 minutes, and cooling to room temperature to obtain the aluminum alloy part with the blackened surface.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the invention, a blackened film layer with good corrosion resistance and strong adhesive force is obtained on the surface of the aluminum alloy through a simple blackening treatment process, in a corrosion resistance test, after a drop of 5wt% sodium hydroxide aqueous solution is dripped on the blackened film layer on the surface, the time for bubbles to emerge is 94 to 101 seconds, the exposure time of a base metal is 208 to 212 seconds, and in an adhesive force test, the times of steel ball impact when the film layer falls off or is broken are 109 to 116 times;
2. the surface of the aluminum alloy is activated to enhance the reactivity of the blackening liquid and the surface of the aluminum alloy, and the density and the adhesive force of the blackening film layer are further enhanced by combining a low-temperature heat treatment process after the blackening liquid is soaked;
3. in the step of dipping the blackening liquid, sodium fluosilicate and potassium hydrogen fluoride in the blackening liquid are main reaction substances and can generate a compact film layer with metal ions on the surface of the aluminum alloy, sodium hexametaphosphate and thiourea can adjust and buffer the pH value of the reaction process of the blackening liquid, the smooth proceeding of the reaction and deposition process of the sodium fluosilicate and the potassium hydrogen fluoride is ensured, the cobalt citrate has a certain catalytic action on the reaction of the film layer generation process, and the provided cobalt ions finally form corrosion-resistant substances to be deposited on the surface of the aluminum alloy.
Detailed Description
The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below, and it should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are only for illustrating and explaining the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
Example 1: aluminum alloy surface blackening treatment method
The method comprises the following steps:
1. surface cleaning
Completely immersing the aluminum alloy part into the cleaning solution, heating the cleaning solution to 70 ℃, immersing for 35 minutes, taking out the aluminum alloy part, washing for 5 times by using clear water, and naturally airing to obtain the cleaned aluminum alloy part for later use;
the cleaning solution consists of sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, potassium silicate and deionized water;
the mass ratio of the sodium hydroxide to the sodium carbonate to the potassium silicate to the deionized water is 11;
the modulus of the potassium silicate is 2.
2. Surface activation
Immersing the cleaned aluminum alloy piece into the surface activation liquid, taking out after immersing for 1.5 hours, washing for 5 times by using clear water, quickly drying by using hot air at 50 ℃, obtaining the surface activated aluminum alloy piece after drying, and storing in a dry environment for later use;
the surface activation liquid consists of hydrochloric acid, polyether modified silicone oil, trimethylsilanol, potassium dihydrogen citrate and deionized water;
the mass ratio of the hydrochloric acid to the polyether modified silicone oil to the trimethylsilanol to the potassium dihydrogen citrate to the deionized water is 9.9;
the mass concentration of hydrogen chloride in the hydrochloric acid is 16wt%;
the polyether modified silicone oil is alpha- [3- [1, 3-tetramethyl-1- (trimethylsilyl-oxo) disiloxane ] -propyl-omega-hydroxy polyoxyethylene ].
3. Impregnation with blackening liquor
Immersing the aluminum alloy part with the activated surface into blackening liquid, maintaining the temperature of the blackening liquid at 85 ℃, taking out after 30 minutes of immersion, washing with clear water until the pH of an eluate is =6.9, and quickly drying with hot air at 50 ℃ to obtain the aluminum alloy part immersed by the blackening liquid;
the blackening liquid consists of sodium fluosilicate, potassium bifluoride, sodium hexametaphosphate, thiourea, cobalt citrate and deionized water;
the mass ratio of the sodium fluosilicate to the potassium hydrogen fluoride to the sodium hexametaphosphate to the thiourea to the cobalt citrate to the deionized water is (5).
4. Thermal treatment
And heating the aluminum alloy piece dipped by the blackening liquid to 200 ℃ in the nitrogen atmosphere, preserving the heat for 45 minutes, and cooling to room temperature to obtain the aluminum alloy piece with the blackened surface.
Example 2: aluminum alloy surface blackening treatment method
The method comprises the following steps:
1. surface cleaning
Completely immersing the aluminum alloy part into the cleaning solution, heating the cleaning solution to 50 ℃, immersing for 25 minutes, taking out the aluminum alloy part, washing for 3 times by using clear water, and naturally airing to obtain the cleaned aluminum alloy part for later use;
the cleaning solution consists of sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, potassium silicate and deionized water;
the mass ratio of the sodium hydroxide to the sodium carbonate to the potassium silicate to the deionized water is 8;
the modulus of the potassium silicate is 1.5.
2. Surface activation
Immersing the cleaned aluminum alloy part into the surface activation liquid, taking out after immersing for 1 hour, washing for 3 times by using clear water, quickly drying by using hot air at 40 ℃, obtaining the surface activated aluminum alloy part after drying, and storing in a dry environment for later use;
the surface activation liquid consists of hydrochloric acid, polyether modified silicone oil, trimethylsilanol, potassium dihydrogen citrate and deionized water;
the mass ratio of the hydrochloric acid to the polyether modified silicone oil to the trimethylsilanol to the potassium dihydrogen citrate to the deionized water is 7;
the mass concentration of hydrogen chloride in the hydrochloric acid is 12wt%;
the polyether modified silicone oil is alpha- [3- [1, 3-tetramethyl-1- (trimethylsilyl-oxo) disiloxane ] -propyl-omega-hydroxypolyoxyethylene ].
3. Impregnation with blackening liquor
Immersing the aluminum alloy part with the activated surface into blackening liquid, maintaining the temperature of the blackening liquid at 75 ℃, taking out after 20 minutes of immersion, washing the aluminum alloy part with clear water until the pH of eluate is =6.7, and quickly drying the aluminum alloy part with hot air at 40 ℃ to obtain the aluminum alloy part immersed by the blackening liquid;
the blackening liquid consists of sodium fluosilicate, potassium bifluoride, sodium hexametaphosphate, thiourea, cobalt citrate and deionized water;
the mass ratio of the sodium fluosilicate to the potassium hydrogen fluoride to the sodium hexametaphosphate to the thiourea to the cobalt citrate to the deionized water is 2.5.
4. Heat treatment of
And heating the aluminum alloy piece dipped by the blackening liquid to 150 ℃ in a nitrogen atmosphere, preserving the heat for 30 minutes, and cooling to room temperature to obtain the aluminum alloy piece with the blackened surface.
Example 3: aluminum alloy surface blackening treatment method
The method comprises the following steps:
1. surface cleaning
Completely immersing the aluminum alloy part into the cleaning solution, heating the cleaning solution to 85 ℃, immersing for 45 minutes, taking out the aluminum alloy part, washing for 6 times by using clear water, and naturally airing to obtain the cleaned aluminum alloy part for later use;
the cleaning solution consists of sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, potassium silicate and deionized water;
the mass ratio of the sodium hydroxide to the sodium carbonate to the potassium silicate to the deionized water is 14;
the modulus of the potassium silicate is 2.2.
2. Surface activation
Immersing the cleaned aluminum alloy part into the surface activation liquid, taking out after immersing for 2 hours, washing for 6 times by using clear water, quickly drying by using hot air at 60 ℃, obtaining the surface-activated aluminum alloy part after drying, and storing in a dry environment for later use;
the surface activation liquid consists of hydrochloric acid, polyether modified silicone oil, trimethylsilanol, potassium dihydrogen citrate and deionized water;
the mass ratio of the hydrochloric acid to the polyether modified silicone oil to the trimethylsilanol to the potassium dihydrogen citrate to the deionized water is 11.1;
the mass concentration of hydrogen chloride in the hydrochloric acid is 18wt%;
the polyether modified silicone oil is alpha- [3- [1, 3-tetramethyl-1- (trimethylsilyl-oxo) disiloxane ] -propyl-omega-hydroxypolyoxyethylene ].
3. Impregnation of blackening liquor
Immersing the aluminum alloy part with the activated surface into blackening liquid, maintaining the temperature of the blackening liquid at 95 ℃, taking out after 35 minutes of immersion, washing the aluminum alloy part with clear water until the pH of eluate is =7.0, and quickly drying the aluminum alloy part with hot air at 60 ℃ to obtain the aluminum alloy part immersed by the blackening liquid;
the blackening liquid consists of sodium fluosilicate, potassium bifluoride, sodium hexametaphosphate, thiourea, cobalt citrate and deionized water;
the mass ratio of the sodium fluosilicate to the potassium hydrogen fluoride to the sodium hexametaphosphate to the thiourea to the cobalt citrate to the deionized water is 8.5.
4. Thermal treatment
And heating the aluminum alloy piece dipped by the blackening liquid to 230 ℃ in the nitrogen atmosphere, preserving the heat for 55 minutes, and cooling to room temperature to obtain the aluminum alloy piece with the blackened surface.
Comparative example 1: step 2 surface activation was not performed on the basis of example 1
Step 1 was the same as in example 1;
in step 2, the cleaned aluminum alloy piece is immersed into blackening liquid on the basis of the embodiment 1, and other operations are the same as the step 3 in the embodiment 1;
step 3 was the same as step 4 in example 1.
Comparative example 2: on the basis of example 1, sodium fluosilicate and potassium bifluoride are replaced by deionized water in the step 3 in equal amount
The operation of steps 1 and 2 is the same as that of example 1;
in step 3, on the basis of example 1, 9 parts of deionized water were replaced with 5 parts of sodium fluorosilicate and 4 parts of potassium hydrogen fluoride in equal amounts, and the other operations were the same as in example 1;
step 4 was performed as in example 1.
Comparative example 3: on the basis of example 1, sodium hexametaphosphate and thiourea are replaced by deionized water in the step 3 in equal amount
The operation of steps 1 and 2 is the same as that of example 1;
in step 3, on the basis of example 1, 4.5 parts of deionized water were replaced with 1 part of sodium hexametaphosphate and 3.5 parts of thiourea in equal amounts, and the other operations were the same as in example 1;
step 4 was performed as in example 1.
Comparative example 4: on the basis of example 1, step 4 heat treatment was not performed
The operations of steps 1, 2 and 3 are the same as those of example 1, and the aluminum alloy piece impregnated with the blackening solution is obtained, namely the aluminum alloy piece subjected to final blackening treatment.
And (3) corrosion resistance testing:
the samples of the aluminum alloy articles obtained in examples 1, 2, 3 and comparative examples 1, 2, 3, 4 were formed by dropping a 5wt% aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide on the film layer whose surface was blackened, and the time of bubble emergence and the time of exposure of the base metal were recorded, and as a result, the following results were obtained in Table 1:
TABLE 1
As can be seen from the data in table 1, compared with examples 1, 2 and 3, comparative example 1 has no surface activation, and the corrosion resistance of the surface blackening film layer is significantly reduced, because after the surface activation, the reactivity of the surface of the aluminum alloy is enhanced, and the reactive substances in the blackening liquid can be more easily combined with the surface of the aluminum alloy to deposit and form a dense film layer; the comparative example 2 has the largest reduction range of the corrosion resistance of the surface blackening film layer because sodium fluosilicate and potassium hydrogen fluoride are main reaction substances for forming the film layer on the surface of the aluminum alloy, and a compact film layer is difficult to form on the surface because the sodium fluosilicate and the potassium hydrogen fluoride are not added; in the comparative example 3, sodium hexametaphosphate and thiourea are not added, and the corrosion resistance of the blackening film layer is also obviously reduced, because the sodium hexametaphosphate and the thiourea can adjust and buffer the pH value of the reaction process of the blackening liquid, and the smooth proceeding of the reaction and deposition process of the sodium fluosilicate and the potassium hydrogen fluoride is ensured; in comparative example 4, heat treatment was not performed, and the corrosion resistance of the blackened film was also reduced, because low-temperature heat treatment can further enhance the bonding force between the film and the aluminum alloy substrate, and the density of the film was further increased, which significantly improved the corrosion resistance of the film.
Testing the adhesive force of the film layer:
fixing a sample to be tested on an impact tester, impacting the sample by using a 1kg steel ball from a height free fall of 50cm, recording the times of impact of the steel ball when the film falls off or is broken, and obtaining a test result shown in table 2:
TABLE 2
As can be seen from the data in table 2, compared with examples 1, 2 and 3, comparative example 1 has no surface activation, and the adhesion of the surface blackening film layer is significantly reduced, which indicates that the surface activation contributes to the improvement of the bonding force between the film layer and the surface of the aluminum alloy; the comparative example 2 has the largest adhesive force reduction range of the surface blackening film layer because sodium fluosilicate and potassium hydrogen fluoride are main reaction substances for forming the film layer on the surface of the aluminum alloy, and the film layer with particularly good adhesive force is difficult to form on the surface without adding the two substances; in the comparative example 3, sodium hexametaphosphate and thiourea are not added, so that the adhesive force of the blackening film layer is remarkably reduced, because the sodium hexametaphosphate and the thiourea can influence the smooth reaction and deposition process of the sodium fluosilicate and the potassium hydrogen fluoride, the reaction is difficult to smoothly proceed without adding the two substances, and the adhesive force of the finally obtained film layer is remarkably reduced; in comparative example 4, heat treatment was not performed, and the adhesion of the blackened film layer was significantly reduced, because the bonding force between the film layer and the aluminum alloy substrate was further enhanced by the low-temperature heat treatment.
Claims (2)
1. A surface blackening treatment method of an aluminum alloy is characterized by comprising the following steps: comprises four steps of surface cleaning, surface activation, blackening liquid dipping and heat treatment;
the surface is cleaned, the method comprises the steps of completely immersing the aluminum alloy part into a cleaning solution, heating the cleaning solution to 50-85 ℃, immersing for 25-45 minutes, taking out the aluminum alloy part, washing for 3-6 times by using clear water, and naturally airing to obtain the cleaned aluminum alloy part for later use;
immersing the cleaned aluminum alloy part into a surface activation solution, soaking for 1 to 2 hours, taking out, washing for 3 to 6 times by using clean water, quickly drying by using hot air at 40 to 60 ℃, obtaining the surface-activated aluminum alloy part after drying, and storing in a dry environment for later use;
the surface activation liquid consists of hydrochloric acid, polyether modified silicone oil, trimethylsilanol, potassium dihydrogen citrate and deionized water;
the mass ratio of the hydrochloric acid to the polyether modified silicone oil to the trimethylsilanol to the potassium dihydrogen citrate to the deionized water is (7) - (11);
the mass concentration of hydrogen chloride in the hydrochloric acid is 12 to 18wt%;
the polyether modified silicone oil is alpha- [3- [1, 3-tetramethyl-1- (trimethylsilyl-oxo) disiloxane ] -propyl-omega-hydroxypolyoxyethylene ];
immersing an aluminum alloy part with an activated surface into the blackening liquid, maintaining the temperature of the blackening liquid at 75-95 ℃, taking out after 20-35 minutes of immersion, washing with clear water until the pH of an eluate is = 6.7-7.0, and quickly drying with hot air at 40-60 ℃ to obtain the aluminum alloy part immersed by the blackening liquid;
the blackening liquid consists of sodium fluosilicate, potassium bifluoride, sodium hexametaphosphate, thiourea, cobalt citrate and deionized water;
the mass ratio of the sodium fluosilicate to the potassium bifluoride to the sodium hexametaphosphate to the thiourea to the cobalt citrate to the deionized water is (2) - (8);
the heat treatment method comprises the steps of heating the aluminum alloy part soaked by the blackening liquid to 150-230 ℃ in a nitrogen atmosphere, preserving heat for 30-55 minutes, and cooling to room temperature to obtain the aluminum alloy part with a blackened surface.
2. The method for blackening the surface of an aluminum alloy according to claim 1, wherein:
the cleaning solution consists of sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, potassium silicate and deionized water;
the mass ratio of the sodium hydroxide to the sodium carbonate to the potassium silicate to the deionized water is 8 to 14, and is from 5 to 13;
the modulus of the potassium silicate is 1.5 to 2.2.
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| GB1325959A (en) * | 1970-02-13 | 1973-08-08 | Stichting Reactor Centrum | Method for the blackening of aluminium alloys |
| GB1590597A (en) * | 1976-11-05 | 1981-06-03 | Pyrene Chemical Services Ltd | Treating a1 or a1 alloy surfaces |
| CN101892478A (en) * | 2010-06-30 | 2010-11-24 | 苏州热工研究院有限公司 | Aluminium alloy chemically blackening treatment technique and chemically blackening solution used in same |
| CN102154673A (en) * | 2011-04-12 | 2011-08-17 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第十二研究所 | Method for preparing environment-friendly micro-arc oxidation black ceramic film on aluminum alloy surface |
| CN105420727A (en) * | 2015-11-25 | 2016-03-23 | 安徽红桥金属制造有限公司 | Anticorrosion treatment process of zinc alloy die casting |
| CN105369271A (en) * | 2015-12-10 | 2016-03-02 | 董晓娜 | Before-coating metal surface treatment method |
| CN108220945A (en) * | 2017-12-30 | 2018-06-29 | 安徽玉成光华铝业有限公司 | A kind of Al alloy parts blackening process method |
| CN109852960A (en) * | 2019-03-12 | 2019-06-07 | 姜水英 | A kind of method of antibacterial functionalized-corrosion-resistant modification of aluminum alloy surface |
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