CN114989196A - 一种铽基配合物及其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents
一种铽基配合物及其制备方法和应用 Download PDFInfo
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- YUHAYBRATDDLCB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[4-(6-carboxy-1h-benzimidazol-2-yl)phenyl]-3h-benzimidazole-5-carboxylic acid Chemical compound C1=C(C(O)=O)C=C2NC(C3=CC=C(C=C3)C3=NC4=CC=C(C=C4N3)C(=O)O)=NC2=C1 YUHAYBRATDDLCB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- UTCARTSNNKGRTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N terbium(3+);trinitrate;hexahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.[Tb+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O UTCARTSNNKGRTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
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Abstract
本发明属于新材料领域,尤其涉及一种铽基配合物及其制备方法和应用,所述铽基配合物以1,4‑双(5‑羧基‑1H‑苯并咪唑‑2基)苯(H2L)和硝酸铽六水合物为原料,制备得到具有纳米级尺寸孔道三维金属有机框架材料;该配合物具有分离C3H6/C3H8二元混合物的能力,所提供的制备方法合成过程简单、绿色高效,也对拓展铽基配合物在催化、荧光识别、光电磁材料等领域的应用存在重要价值。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于新材料领域,尤其涉及一种铽基配合物及其制备方法和应用。
背景技术
金属有机框架材料(Metal-Organic Framework,MOF)是通过有机配体和金属离子或金属离子簇通过配位键自组装形成的有机-无机杂化材料。作为典型的多孔材料,MOF的明显特征是具有超高的比表面积、永久孔隙率以及高度可设计的结构。基于分子的自组装行为,具备配位能力的原子常常被用来构筑新型MOF结构。由于MOF结构的可设计性,可以通过对其孔道结构的调谐实现精准设计。因此其在气体吸附/分离、药物传递、化学发光及催化等领域有着广泛应用。除此之外,另外MOF具备分子水平的精准操作性,可利用化学方法调控材料结构和应用,是一种十分具有应用拓展潜力的基础材料。
作为镧系元素之一,铽金属的电子结构具有一个未完全饱和的4f电子层,具备较强的配位能力,因此呈现出多种特点和功能。近年来,许多文献报道了铽基MOF的合成方法和应用,例如中国专利CN110577553A公开了一例铽基MOF以及其作为异相催化剂催化环氧氯丙烷转化为环碳酸酯,催化反应的转化率接近100%;中国专利CN108003867A公开了一例具备良好的光致发光性能的铽基配合物,在300nm紫外激发条件下,其发光量子效率达到了56%;Inorganic Chemistry Communications,2021,130,108756报道了新型高发光3D MOF作为抗生素选择性荧光传感器;Small,2017,13,1602996报道了一种对Eu3+/Dy3+具有高度分辨力的多功能Tb-MOF,并作为Ag纳米颗粒的催化剂载体;Journal of solid statechemistry,285,121257报道了两种基于Tb-MOF选择性分离C2H2和CO2。但是以上报道均未涉及到利用苯并咪唑功能化的双羧酸配体1,4-双(5-羧基-1H-苯并咪唑-2基)苯和硝酸铽六水合物组装得到用于C3H6/C3H8分离的铽基配合物。
发明内容
本发明针对现有技术存在的诸多不足之处,提供了一种铽基配合物及其制备方法和应用,所述铽基配合物以1,4-双(5-羧基-1H-苯并咪唑-2基)苯(H2L)和硝酸铽六水合物为原料,制备得到具有纳米级尺寸孔道三维金属有机框架材料;该配合物具有分离C3H6/C3H8二元混合物的能力,填补了以1,4-双(5-羧基-1H-苯并咪唑-2基)苯为配体构筑新型铽基金属有机框架配合物及其在分离C3H6/C3H8领域的空白。所提供的制备方法合成过程简单、绿色高效,也对拓展铽基配合物在催化、荧光识别、光电磁材料等领域的应用存在重要价值。
本发明的具体技术方案如下:
一种铽基配合物,该配合物的分子式为[Tb(L)1.5]DMF·H2O,其中Tb代表正三价铽离子,L代表去质子化的1,4-双(5-羧基-1H-苯并咪唑-2基)苯羧酸根配体,DMF代表N,N-二甲基甲酰胺,H2O代表水分子。
配合物属于单斜晶系p2/n空间群,基本晶体结构是由图1b所示的最小不对称单元通过对称操作(对称操作码为-1/2-x,+y,1/2-z;1-x,1-y,1-z;3-x,2-y,1-z)得到。配合物为具有一维通道的三维框架结构(如图2所示),通道内部被咪唑官能团修饰,围绕形成梯形纳米级孔道,尺寸约为1.2nm。其中含有的咪唑基团作为典型的路易斯碱性基团,具备优先结合不饱和烃的优势,相较于不饱和度较小的C3H8,更易与不饱和度较大的C3H6结合,从而表现出显著的选择性吸附的特征。本发明所提供的铽基配合物中咪唑基团高密度分布于孔道内壁,使客体分子与骨架具备更充分的接触条件,为主客体结合提供了良好条件。
晶胞参数为:轴长α=90°,β=91.642°,γ=90°;晶胞体积为Z=4。所述基本不对称单元包括一个Tb(III)离子、一个半去质子化的L2-配体分子、一个配位的DMF分子和一个配位的H2O分子。铽离子Tb1采取高配位模式(如图1a所示),均以九配位的方式与氧原子形成配位键相连接,九个氧原子其中七个来自于配体中的羧基,一个来自于水分子,另外一个来自于DMF分子。氧原子的配位取向以Tb1为中心指向空间六个方向,使Tb1处于空间几何中心。两个晶体学等价的Tb1构成双核SBU的金属中心,二者之间的距离约为
对应的,发明人还提供了上述铽基配合物的制备方法,具体步骤如下:
将羧酸配体1,4-双(5-羧基-1H-苯并咪唑-2基)苯(H2L)的DMF悬浊液加入到硝酸铽六水合物的水溶液,室温超声处理30min;将所述混合物置于聚四氟乙烯不锈钢反应釜中,置于磁力搅拌器上室温搅拌反应12h,在100-120℃氛围下保温24-36h,得到所述铽基配合物。
其中所采用的1,4-双(5-羧基-1H-苯并咪唑-2基)苯,其CAS号为35532-09-3,其结构式如下:
所述1,4-双(5-羧基-1H-苯并咪唑-2基)苯和硝酸铽六水合物摩尔比为1:1;
所述1,4-双(5-羧基-1H-苯并咪唑-2基)苯的DMF悬浊液中1,4-双(5-羧基-1H-苯并咪唑-2基)苯的浓度为0.2-0.4mol/L;
硝酸铽六水合物的水溶液的浓度为0.1-0.2mol/L。
本发明制备的铽基配合物可用于制备吸附材料、荧光识别材料、催化材料、抗菌材料、药物载体或纳米反应器。特别地,本发明制备的铽基配合物能够表现出明显的C3H6和C3H8吸附差异,具备优先吸附C3H6的特征。根据理想吸附溶液理论(IAST)对C3H6/C3H8二元混合物的分离能力进行预测,其IAST选择性约为3.5,具备实际分离的潜力。
本发明所提供的制备方法具有如下优势:反应体系环保,所用有机溶剂比例低;主体溶剂为水,绿色环保无污染;反应条件简单、合成效率高;配体用量低,节约成本;配合物C3H6/C3H8分离应用方面显示出较强的分离选择性,拓展了铽基配合物的晶体学结构数据,有助于研究铽基配合物的组装机理,推动工业化规模的生产,为气体吸附和分离方面的应用拓展具有指导意义。
附图说明
图1a为实施例1制备的铽基配合物中铽离子的配位模式示意图;图1b为实施例1制备的铽基配合物中的基本不对称结构单元;
图2为实施例1制备的铽基配合物的咪唑功能化通道示意图;
图3为实施例1制备的铽基配合物的热失重曲线;
图4为实施例1制备的铽基配合物的红外光谱谱图;
图5为铽基配合物的C3H6/C3H8吸附曲线和IAST选择性曲线。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例来进一步说明本发明,有助于本领域的技术人员进一步理解本发明,但不以任何形式限制本发明。应当指出的是,对本领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明构思的前提下,还可以做出若干变形和改进,这些都属于本发明的保护范围。以下实施例中所述的实验方法,如无额外说明。均为常规方法;所用仪器药品,如无额外说明,均可由正常商业途径获取。
实施例1
一种铽基配合物的制备方法,具体包括如下步骤:
反应物1,4-双(5-羧基-1H-苯并咪唑-2基)苯(H2L)和与硝酸铽六水合物按摩尔比1:1投料:
用分析天平准确称取398.40mg,1mmol的1,4-双(5-羧基-1H-苯并咪唑-2基)苯(H2L),加入3mL DMF,在室温条件下旋涡震荡12h,得到H2L的DMF悬浊液;在上述悬浊液中加入6mL 0.17mol/L硝酸铽六水合物溶液,室温超声处理30min后,转移到聚四氟乙烯内衬中,置于磁力搅拌器上室温搅拌反应12h。
(2)将反应体系置于不锈钢反应釜内,置于恒温鼓风箱中在100-120℃氛围下保温24-36h,得到棒状晶体,晶体通过过滤与液相分离,即得到所述铽基配合物(产率72%,基于1,4-双(5-羧基-1H-苯并咪唑-2基)苯)。
本实施例制备的铽配合物,分子式为[Tb(L)1.5]DMF·H2O,其中Tb代表正三价铽离子,L代表去质子化的1,4-双(5-羧基-1H-苯并咪唑-2基)苯羧酸根配体,DMF代表N,N-二甲基甲酰胺,H2O代表水分子。
如图1-2及表1-3所示,配合物属于单斜晶系p2/n空间群,晶体的基本结构是通过最小不对称单元通过对称操作(对称操作码为-1/2-x,+y,1/2-z;1-x,1-y,1-z;3-x,2-y,1-z)得到。每个金属次级结构单元与1,4-双(5-羧基-1H-苯并咪唑-2基)苯连接形成三维网络结构。基本不对称单元由一个Tb(III)离子、一个半去质子化的L2-配体分子、一个配位的DMF分子和一个配位的H2O分子组成。铽离子Tb1采取高配位模式,均以九配位的方式与氧原子相连接如图1a所示,九个氧原子其中七个来自于四个羧酸根(O1-C15-O2,O7-C36-O8,O5-C4-O6,O1-C15-O2)的氧原子(O1,O2,O5,O6,O7,O8,O2),一个来自于水分子(O3),另外一个来自于DMF分子(O4)。
单晶结构是在室温下,用Bruker Apex2 Smart CCD面探测仪收集的。用石墨单色器,λ(Mo Kα)为以ω-2θ的变速扫描方式,使用multiscan program SADABS进行吸收校正。用Sir97程序采用直接法解析晶体结构;用SHELXL-97程序采用全矩阵最小二乘法对F2进行结构精修。对所有非氢原子进行各向异性精修。有机配体的氢原子通过几何对称产生(C-H)。
使用Perkin-Elmer model 240C analyzerPE公司240型元素分析仪对所述铽基配合物进行元素分析,测试结果为:C 52.18%,H 3.31%,N 11.82%。元素分析理论值为:C51.23%,H 3.22%,N 11.61%。测试值实验测量值与理论分析值基本吻合。TGA、IR以及C3H6/C3H8吸附曲线见附图3-5,从图3可看出配合物在200℃失去体系内的溶剂分子,然后配合物可以稳定到500℃,500℃后配合物分解;从图4可以看出,3400cm-1附近的吸收峰来源于结晶水中氧氢键的伸缩振动;1690-1605cm-1和1440-1330cm-1附近的吸收峰来源于配体中羧酸根的反对称和对称伸缩振动峰。
表1:晶体数据
Tb1 | O7<sup>1</sup> | 2.440 | Tb1 | C36<sup>1</sup> | 2.841 |
Tb1 | O6 | 2.387 | Tb1 | C4 | 2.846 |
Tb1 | O2 | 2.371 | Tb1 | O1<sup>2</sup> | 2.487 |
Tb1 | O2<sup>2</sup> | 2.563 | O7 | Tb1<sup>1</sup> | 2.440 |
Tb1 | O3 | 2.396 | O2 | Tb1<sup>2</sup> | 2.563 |
Tb1 | O8<sup>1</sup> | 2.474 | O8 | Tb1<sup>1</sup> | 2.474 |
Tb1 | O5 | 2.529 | O1 | Tb1<sup>2</sup> | 2.487 |
Tb1 | O4 | 2.294 |
表3:晶体典型的键角数据(单位:°)
O7<sup>1</sup> | Tb1 | O2<sup>2</sup> | 154.72 | O3 | Tb1 | O2<sup>2</sup> | 67.10 |
O7<sup>1</sup> | Tb1 | O8<sup>1</sup> | 53.02 | O3 | Tb1 | O8<sup>1</sup> | 72.82 |
O7<sup>1</sup> | Tb1 | O5 | 75.54 | O3 | Tb1 | O5 | 146.29 |
O7<sup>1</sup> | Tb1 | O1<sup>2</sup> | 145.99 | O3 | Tb1 | O1<sup>2</sup> | 78.11 |
O6 | Tb1 | O7<sup>1</sup> | 83.18 | O8<sup>1</sup> | Tb1 | O2<sup>2</sup> | 127.48 |
O6 | Tb1 | O2<sup>2</sup> | 78.72 | O8<sup>1</sup> | Tb1 | O5 | 125.65 |
O6 | Tb1 | O3 | 144.35 | O8<sup>1</sup> | Tb1 | O1<sup>2</sup> | 145.83 |
O6 | Tb1 | O8<sup>1</sup> | 125.50 | O5 | Tb1 | O2<sup>2</sup> | 106.33 |
O6 | Tb1 | O5 | 52.81 | O1<sup>2</sup> | Tb1 | O2<sup>2</sup> | 51.39 |
O6 | Tb1 | O1<sup>2</sup> | 88.66 | O1<sup>2</sup> | Tb1 | O5 | 73.29 |
O2 | Tb1 | O7<sup>1</sup> | 91.02 | O4 | Tb1 | O7<sup>1</sup> | 83.19 |
O2 | Tb1 | O6 | 73.01 | O4 | Tb1 | O6 | 130.85 |
O2 | Tb1 | O2<sup>2</sup> | 66.94 | O4 | Tb1 | O2 | 153.99 |
O2 | Tb1 | O3 | 84.21 | O4 | Tb1 | O2<sup>2</sup> | 122.06 |
O2 | Tb1 | O8<sup>1</sup> | 76.77 | O4 | Tb1 | O3 | 78.64 |
O2 | Tb1 | O5 | 125.04 | O4 | Tb1 | O8<sup>1</sup> | 79.55 |
O2 | Tb1 | O1<sup>2</sup> | 118.03 | O4 | Tb1 | O5 | 78.07 |
O3 | Tb1 | O7<sup>1</sup> | 125.11 | O4 | Tb1 | O1<sup>2</sup> | 77.44 |
实施例2
配合物对C3H6和C3H8的吸附性能:
取实施例1制备获得的配合物150mg,依次使用DMF,乙醇和去离子清洗晶粒,并将其浸泡在新鲜的色谱甲醇中进行溶剂交换(交换三次,每次浸泡6h);在同样的操作条件下,再用新鲜的色谱二氯甲烷进行相同的溶剂交换操作。配合物转移至吸附管中,在100℃真空条件下脱气10h,得到活化样品138mg。
所述活化样品通过25℃恒温水浴装置维持体系温度恒定,在同样条件下,通过JW-BK200微孔分析仪依次进行C3H6和C3H8单组分变压吸附曲线测定(压力范围0-110kPa)。
实验结果如图5所示,可以明显看出所述配合物对两种气体具有明显的吸附差异,根据理想吸附溶液理论计算其IAST选择性为3.5,可以用于分离C3H6/C3H8。
以上对本发明的具体实施例进行了描述。需要理解的是,本发明并不局限于上述特定实施方式,本领域技术人员可以在权利要求的范围内做出各种变形或修改,这并不影响本发明的实质内容。
Claims (5)
1.一种铽基配合物,其特征在于:其分子式为[Tb(L)1.5]DMF·H2O,其中Tb代表三价铽离子,L代表去质子化的1,4-双(5-羧基-1H-苯并咪唑-2基)苯羧酸根配体,DMF代表N,N-二甲基甲酰胺,H2O代表水分子。
3.权利要求1所述铽基配合物的制备方法,其特征在于,具体步骤如下:
将羧酸配体1,4-双(5-羧基-1H-苯并咪唑-2基)苯的DMF悬浊液加入硝酸铽六水合物的水溶液,室温超声处理30min;将所述混合物置于聚四氟乙烯不锈钢反应釜中,在100-120℃氛围下保温24-36h,得到所述铽基配合物。
4.根据权利要求3所述铽基配合物的制备方法,其特征在于,
所述1,4-双(5-羧基-1H-苯并咪唑-2基)苯和硝酸铽六水合物摩尔比为1:1;
所述1,4-双(5-羧基-1H-苯并咪唑-2基)苯的DMF悬浊液中1,4-双(5-羧基-1H-苯并咪唑-2基)苯的浓度为0.2-0.4mol/L;
硝酸铽六水合物的水溶液的浓度为0.1-0.2mol/L。
5.权利要求1所述铽基配合物在分离C3H6/C3H8混合物中的应用。
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