CN114988971B - Low-temperature-resistant colloidal emulsion explosive and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Low-temperature-resistant colloidal emulsion explosive and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114988971B CN114988971B CN202210831248.7A CN202210831248A CN114988971B CN 114988971 B CN114988971 B CN 114988971B CN 202210831248 A CN202210831248 A CN 202210831248A CN 114988971 B CN114988971 B CN 114988971B
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- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 12
- VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium nitrate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 229910001868 water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000007798 antifreeze agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)acetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC1=CC=CC(Br)=C1F PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 235000010344 sodium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000004317 sodium nitrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- KWIUHFFTVRNATP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Betaine Natural products C[N+](C)(C)CC([O-])=O KWIUHFFTVRNATP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- KWIUHFFTVRNATP-UHFFFAOYSA-O N,N,N-trimethylglycinium Chemical compound C[N+](C)(C)CC(O)=O KWIUHFFTVRNATP-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229960003237 betaine Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- REZZEXDLIUJMMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M dimethyldioctadecylammonium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC REZZEXDLIUJMMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- RCVCNFJNZUYOGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyl hydroxy propyl phosphate Chemical compound P(=O)(OCCCCCCCCCCCC)(OO)OCCC RCVCNFJNZUYOGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- -1 succinic anhydride pentaerythritol ester Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229920005652 polyisobutylene succinic anhydride Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- CFSHFBHKOKGZLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[bis(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]ethanol;oxolane-2,5-dione Chemical compound O=C1CCC(=O)O1.OCCN(CCO)CCO CFSHFBHKOKGZLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- TVXBFESIOXBWNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Xylitol Natural products OCCC(O)C(O)C(O)CCO TVXBFESIOXBWNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N meso ribitol Natural products OCC(O)C(O)C(O)CO HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229920001083 polybutene Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229940014800 succinic anhydride Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000811 xylitol Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229960002675 xylitol Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 235000010447 xylitol Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- LPXPTNMVRIOKMN-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium nitrite Chemical group [Na+].[O-]N=O LPXPTNMVRIOKMN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 206010070834 Sensitisation Diseases 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000008313 sensitization Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- XDLMVUHYZWKMMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-trimethoxysilylpropyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCCOC(=O)C(C)=C XDLMVUHYZWKMMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000010288 sodium nitrite Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010451 perlite Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000019362 perlite Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001804 emulsifying effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004816 latex Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920000126 latex Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- OZAIFHULBGXAKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-cyanopropan-2-yldiazenyl)-2-methylpropanenitrile Chemical compound N#CC(C)(C)N=NC(C)(C)C#N OZAIFHULBGXAKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004945 emulsification Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004005 microsphere Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- ICGLPKIVTVWCFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methylbenzenesulfonohydrazide Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(S(=O)(=O)NN)C=C1 ICGLPKIVTVWCFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims 4
- 238000005474 detonation Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- IGFHQQFPSIBGKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nonylphenol Natural products CCCCCCCCCC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IGFHQQFPSIBGKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- SNQQPOLDUKLAAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonylphenol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1O SNQQPOLDUKLAAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229940051841 polyoxyethylene ether Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 229920000056 polyoxyethylene ether Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229920002367 Polyisobutene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B31/00—Compositions containing an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt
- C06B31/28—Compositions containing an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt the salt being ammonium nitrate
- C06B31/30—Compositions containing an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt the salt being ammonium nitrate with vegetable matter; with resin; with rubber
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B21/00—Apparatus or methods for working-up explosives, e.g. forming, cutting, drying
- C06B21/0008—Compounding the ingredient
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B23/00—Compositions characterised by non-explosive or non-thermic constituents
- C06B23/009—Wetting agents, hydrophobing agents, dehydrating agents, antistatic additives, viscosity improvers, antiagglomerating agents, grinding agents and other additives for working up
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Colloid Chemistry (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a low-temperature-resistant colloidal emulsion explosive and a preparation method thereof, wherein the colloidal emulsion explosive comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 75-80 parts of ammonium nitrate, 1-20 parts of sodium nitrate, 1-10 parts of composite oil phase, 10-15 parts of water, 0.1-1 part of emulsifier, 0.5-1.5 parts of antifreeze agent, 0.1-1 part of density regulator and 0.1-0.5 part of sensitizer; the emulsifier is one or more of dioctadecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, polyisobutylene succinic anhydride triethanolamine, dodecyl hydroxypropyl phosphate betaine, polyisobutylene succinic anhydride pentaerythritol ester and polybutene succinic anhydride xylitol ester. The colloidal emulsion explosive has good low-temperature resistance effect, and can still keep good stability and detonation performance under the low-temperature condition.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of emulsion explosives, in particular to a low-temperature-resistant colloidal emulsion explosive and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The emulsion explosive is used as a dominant product variety of industrial explosive in China, the water content of the emulsion explosive is generally not lower than 9%, and when the emulsion explosive is used for blasting operation in severe cold areas, the emulsion explosive is required to have good stability, detonation sensitivity and detonation performance under low-temperature conditions. Therefore, there is a need to develop an emulsion explosive to improve its low temperature resistance.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the technical problems in the background technology, the invention provides the low-temperature-resistant colloidal emulsion explosive and the preparation method thereof, and the colloidal emulsion explosive has good low-temperature-resistant effect and can still keep good stability and detonation performance under the low-temperature condition.
The invention provides a low-temperature-resistant colloidal emulsion explosive which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 75-80 parts of ammonium nitrate, 1-20 parts of sodium nitrate, 1-10 parts of composite oil phase, 10-15 parts of water, 0.1-1 part of emulsifier, 0.5-1.5 parts of antifreeze agent, 0.1-1 part of density regulator and 0.1-0.5 part of sensitizer.
Preferably, the antifreeze agent is prepared by mixing alkylphenol ethoxylates, 3-methacryloxypropyl trimethoxy silane and dimethyl sulfoxide according to the proportion of 1:0.5-1.5:0.5-1.5.
Preferably, the number of carbon in the alkyl group of the alkylphenol ethoxylate is 8-16.
Preferably, the emulsifier is one or more of dioctadecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, polyisobutylene succinic anhydride triethanolamine, dodecyl hydroxypropyl phosphate betaine, polyisobutylene succinic anhydride pentaerythritol ester and polybutene succinic anhydride xylitol ester.
Preferably, the density regulator is one or more of expanded perlite, hollow glass microsphere, azodiisobutyronitrile and p-toluenesulfonyl hydrazide.
Preferably, the sensitizer is sodium nitrite.
The invention provides a preparation method of the low-temperature-resistant colloidal emulsion explosive, which comprises the following steps:
s1: mixing ammonium nitrate, sodium nitrate and water to prepare a water phase;
S2: placing the composite oil phase, the emulsifier, the anti-freezing agent and the water phase of S1 into an emulsifying device for emulsification to prepare a latex matrix;
s3: and (3) adding the sensitizer, the density regulator and the emulsion matrix emulsified in the step (S2) into a sensitization device for sensitization to prepare the colloidal emulsion explosive.
Preferably, the temperature of emulsification in S2 is 90-110 ℃.
Preferably, the sensitization temperature in the S3 is 45-55 ℃.
Preferably, the density of the colloidal emulsion explosive is 1.0-1.25g/cm 3.
The beneficial technical effects of the invention are as follows:
According to the invention, the antifreeze agent is added into the colloidal emulsion explosive, so that the emulsion explosive has a good low-temperature resistant effect, and can still keep good stability and detonation performance under a low-temperature condition; in addition, the antifreeze agent disclosed by the invention consists of alkylphenol ethoxylates, 3-methacryloxypropyl trimethoxy silane and dimethyl sulfoxide, and has a certain synergistic promotion effect on improving the low temperature resistance of the emulsion explosive, so that the low temperature resistance of the colloidal emulsion explosive is obviously improved.
Detailed Description
Example 1
The invention provides a low-temperature-resistant colloidal emulsion explosive which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 78 parts of ammonium nitrate, 10 parts of sodium nitrate, 7 parts of composite oil phase, 12 parts of water, 0.5 part of emulsifier, 1 part of antifreeze agent, 0.6 part of expanded perlite and 0.3 part of sodium nitrite.
The antifreeze agent is mixed with the polyoxyethylene ether of the nonylphenol, the 3-methacryloxypropyl trimethoxy silane and the dimethyl sulfoxide according to the proportion of 1:1:1.
The emulsifier is dioctadecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride and dodecyl hydroxypropyl phosphate betaine which are mixed according to the proportion of 1:1.
The invention provides a preparation method of the low-temperature-resistant colloidal emulsion explosive, which comprises the following steps:
s1: mixing ammonium nitrate, sodium nitrate and water to prepare a water phase;
s2: placing the composite oil phase, the emulsifier, the anti-freezing agent and the water phase of S1 into an emulsifying device to be emulsified at 100 ℃ to prepare a latex matrix;
S3: and (2) adding the sensitizer, the density regulator and the emulsion matrix emulsified in the step (S2) into a sensitization device to sensitize at 50 ℃ to prepare the colloidal emulsion explosive.
Example 2
The invention provides a low-temperature-resistant colloidal emulsion explosive which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 75 parts of ammonium nitrate, 5 parts of sodium nitrate, 3 parts of composite oil phase, 10 parts of water, 0.1 part of emulsifier, 0.5 part of antifreeze agent, 0.1 part of hollow glass microsphere and 0.1 part of sodium nitrite.
The antifreeze agent is mixed with the polyoxyethylene ether of the nonylphenol, the 3-methacryloxypropyl trimethoxy silane and the dimethyl sulfoxide according to the proportion of 2:1:1.
The emulsifier is polyisobutene succinic anhydride triethanolamine, polyisobutene succinic anhydride pentaerythritol ester and polybutene succinic anhydride xylitol ester which are mixed according to the proportion of 1:1:1.
The invention provides a preparation method of the low-temperature-resistant colloidal emulsion explosive, which comprises the following steps:
s1: mixing ammonium nitrate, sodium nitrate and water to prepare a water phase;
s2: placing the composite oil phase, the emulsifier, the anti-freezing agent and the water phase of S1 into an emulsifying device to be emulsified at 90 ℃ to prepare a latex matrix;
s3: and (3) adding the sensitizer, the density regulator and the emulsion matrix emulsified in the step (S2) into a sensitization device to sensitize at 45 ℃ to prepare the colloidal emulsion explosive.
Example 3
The invention provides a low-temperature-resistant colloidal emulsion explosive which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 80 parts of ammonium nitrate, 20 parts of sodium nitrate, 10 parts of composite oil phase, 15 parts of water, 1 part of emulsifier, 1.5 parts of antifreeze agent, 1 part of azodiisobutyronitrile and 0.5 part of sodium nitrite.
The antifreeze agent is mixed with the polyoxyethylene ether of the nonylphenol, the 3-methacryloxypropyl trimethoxy silane and the dimethyl sulfoxide according to the proportion of 2:3:3.
The emulsifier is dioctadecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride and dodecyl hydroxypropyl phosphate betaine which are mixed according to the proportion of 1:1.
The invention provides a preparation method of the low-temperature-resistant colloidal emulsion explosive, which comprises the following steps:
s1: mixing ammonium nitrate, sodium nitrate and water to prepare a water phase;
S2: placing the composite oil phase, the emulsifier, the anti-freezing agent and the water phase of S1 into an emulsifying device to be emulsified at 110 ℃ to prepare a latex matrix;
S3: and (3) adding the sensitizer, the density regulator and the emulsion matrix emulsified in the step (S2) into a sensitization device to sensitize at 55 ℃ to prepare the colloidal emulsion explosive.
Comparative example 1
The invention provides a low-temperature-resistant colloidal emulsion explosive which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 78 parts of ammonium nitrate, 10 parts of sodium nitrate, 7 parts of composite oil phase, 12 parts of water, 0.5 part of emulsifier, 1 part of 3-methacryloxypropyl trimethoxy silane, 0.6 part of expanded perlite and 0.3 part of sodium nitrite.
The emulsifier is dioctadecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride and dodecyl hydroxypropyl phosphate betaine which are mixed according to the proportion of 1:1.
The preparation method of the low-temperature-resistant colloidal emulsion explosive is the same as that of the example 1.
Comparative example 2
The invention provides a low-temperature-resistant colloidal emulsion explosive which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 78 parts of ammonium nitrate, 10 parts of sodium nitrate, 7 parts of composite oil phase, 12 parts of water, 0.5 part of emulsifier, 1 part of nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, 0.6 part of expanded perlite and 0.3 part of sodium nitrite.
The emulsifier is dioctadecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride and dodecyl hydroxypropyl phosphate betaine which are mixed according to the proportion of 1:1.
The preparation method of the low-temperature-resistant colloidal emulsion explosive is the same as that of the example 1.
Comparative example 3
The invention provides a low-temperature-resistant colloidal emulsion explosive which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 78 parts of ammonium nitrate, 10 parts of sodium nitrate, 7 parts of composite oil phase, 12 parts of water, 0.5 part of emulsifier, 1 part of dimethyl sulfoxide, 0.6 part of expanded perlite and 0.3 part of sodium nitrite.
The emulsifier is dioctadecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride and dodecyl hydroxypropyl phosphate betaine which are mixed according to the proportion of 1:1.
The preparation method of the low-temperature-resistant colloidal emulsion explosive is the same as that of the example 1.
In order to determine the low temperature resistance of the prepared emulsion explosive, the colloidal emulsion explosive prepared in examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 3 was frozen at-40℃for 2 days, and the state and detonation properties of the emulsion explosive were determined, and the results are shown in Table 1 with the emulsion explosive of example 1 stored at 25℃for 2 days as a reference.
TABLE 1 determination of Low temperature resistance of emulsion explosive
| Group of | Explosion velocity (m/s) | Gap distance (cm) | Explosive state |
| Example 1 | 4753 | 9 | Softer, unfrozen |
| Example 2 | 4631 | 8 | Softer, unfrozen |
| Example 3 | 4684 | 8 | Softer, unfrozen |
| Comparative example 1 | 4122 | 6 | Slightly frozen |
| Comparative example 2 | 4016 | 5 | Harder and frozen |
| Comparative example 3 | 4238 | 5 | Harder and frozen |
| Reference group | 4830 | 10 | Softer and softer |
As can be seen from the test results in Table 1, the antifreeze agent of the invention enables the emulsion explosive to have good low temperature resistance effect, and can still maintain good stability and detonation performance under low temperature conditions; in addition, the antifreeze agent disclosed by the invention consists of alkylphenol ethoxylates, 3-methacryloxypropyl trimethoxy silane and dimethyl sulfoxide, and has a certain synergistic promotion effect on improving the low temperature resistance of the emulsion explosive, so that the low temperature resistance of the colloidal emulsion explosive is obviously improved.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, alternatives, and improvements that fall within the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. The low-temperature-resistant colloidal emulsion explosive is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 75-80 parts of ammonium nitrate, 1-20 parts of sodium nitrate, 1-10 parts of composite oil phase, 10-15 parts of water, 0.1-1 part of emulsifier, 0.5-1.5 parts of antifreeze agent, 0.1-1 part of density regulator and 0.1-0.5 part of sensitizer; the antifreeze agent is prepared by mixing alkylphenol ethoxylates, 3-methacryloxypropyl trimethoxy silane and dimethyl sulfoxide according to the proportion of 1:0.5-1.5:0.5-1.5.
2. The low temperature resistant colloidal emulsion explosive according to claim 1, wherein the alkyl group of the alkylphenol ethoxylate has a carbon number of 8 to 16.
3. The low temperature resistant colloidal emulsion explosive according to claim 1, wherein the emulsifier is one or more of dioctadecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, polyisobutylene succinic anhydride triethanolamine, dodecyl hydroxypropyl phosphate betaine, polyisobutylene succinic anhydride pentaerythritol ester and polybutene succinic anhydride xylitol ester.
4. The low temperature resistant colloidal emulsion explosive according to claim 1, wherein the density regulator is one or more of expanded perlite, hollow glass microspheres, azobisisobutyronitrile and p-toluenesulfonyl hydrazide.
5. The low temperature resistant colloidal emulsion explosive according to claim 1, wherein the sensitizer is sodium nitrite.
6. A method for preparing a low temperature resistant colloidal emulsion explosive as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized by the steps of:
s1: mixing ammonium nitrate, sodium nitrate and water to prepare a water phase;
S2: placing the composite oil phase, the emulsifier, the anti-freezing agent and the water phase of S1 into an emulsifying device for emulsification to prepare a latex matrix;
s3: and (3) adding the sensitizer, the density regulator and the emulsion matrix emulsified in the step (S2) into a sensitization device for sensitization to prepare the colloidal emulsion explosive.
7. The method for preparing a low temperature resistant colloidal emulsion explosive according to claim 6, wherein the temperature of emulsification in S2 is 90-110 ℃.
8. The method for preparing a low temperature resistant colloidal emulsion explosive according to claim 6, wherein the sensitization temperature in S3 is 45-55 ℃.
9. The method of producing a low temperature resistant colloidal emulsion explosive according to claim 6, wherein the density of the colloidal emulsion explosive is 1.0-1.25g/cm 3.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210831248.7A CN114988971B (en) | 2022-07-14 | 2022-07-14 | Low-temperature-resistant colloidal emulsion explosive and preparation method thereof |
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| CN202210831248.7A CN114988971B (en) | 2022-07-14 | 2022-07-14 | Low-temperature-resistant colloidal emulsion explosive and preparation method thereof |
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| CN114988971B true CN114988971B (en) | 2024-04-30 |
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