CN114988810A - 一种高延性水泥基复合材料 - Google Patents
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- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000004816 latex Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229920000126 latex Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910021487 silica fume Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000006004 Quartz sand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000010883 coal ash Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920005646 polycarboxylate Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003776 cleavage reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009417 prefabrication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007017 scission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005482 strain hardening Methods 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/04—Portland cements
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B16/00—Use of organic materials as fillers, e.g. pigments, for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of organic materials specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B16/04—Macromolecular compounds
- C04B16/06—Macromolecular compounds fibrous
- C04B16/0616—Macromolecular compounds fibrous from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C04B16/0641—Polyvinylalcohols; Polyvinylacetates
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- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B18/04—Waste materials; Refuse
- C04B18/06—Combustion residues, e.g. purification products of smoke, fumes or exhaust gases
- C04B18/08—Flue dust, i.e. fly ash
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B18/04—Waste materials; Refuse
- C04B18/14—Waste materials; Refuse from metallurgical processes
- C04B18/146—Silica fume
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
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- C04B24/00—Use of organic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. plasticisers
- C04B24/24—Macromolecular compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B24/00—Use of organic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. plasticisers
- C04B24/24—Macromolecular compounds
- C04B24/38—Polysaccharides or derivatives thereof
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
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Abstract
本发明提出了一种高延性水泥基复合材料,所述高延性水泥基复合材料各组分以重量份计:水泥300‑400份,粉煤灰250‑300份,硅灰30‑40份,矿渣粉24‑32份,石英砂250‑350份,乳胶粉6‑9份,淀粉醚1‑1.5份,减水剂0.9‑1.4份,PVA纤维10‑15份,清水150‑210份;该水泥基复合材料具有高强度、高韧性、高耐久性的优势。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于水泥基复合材料技术领域,具体涉及一种高延性水泥基复合材料。
背景技术
随着建筑工业化的发展,钢筋混凝土依靠其承载力高、塑性和韧性好,可预制、施工简单等优点受到了广泛的应用,取得了良好的社会和经济效益;但随着工程质量要求越来越高,钢筋混凝土中包含的混凝土材料的性能开始难以满足工程需求;混凝土是一种抗压强度高而抗拉强度低的材料,实际混凝土工程破坏中,大部分失事都是由于混凝土受拉破坏失效而导致的。
混凝土一直是最主要的建筑材料,具有原料来源广泛、工艺简便、防火、适应性强和应用方便等优点,但与此同时,混凝土材料也存在抗拉强度低、韧性差、可靠性低和耐久性低的缺点;这些缺点严重的影响混凝土结构的服役寿命,因此,制备高韧性、应变硬化能力好的高性能水泥基复合材料显得尤为重要。
发明内容
针对以上的问题,本发明提供了一种高延性水泥基复合材料,该水泥基复合材料具有高强度、高韧性、高耐久性的优势。
为实现上述发明目的,本发明的技术方案是:
一种高延性水泥基复合材料,所述高延性水泥基复合材料各组分以重量份计:
水泥300-400份,粉煤灰250-300份,硅灰30-40份,矿渣粉24-32份,石英砂250-350份,乳胶粉6-9份,淀粉醚1-1.5份,减水剂0.9-1.4份,PVA纤维10-15份,清水150-210份;
所述高延性水泥基复合材料的制备方法包括以下步骤:
1)将水泥、粉煤灰、硅灰、矿渣粉、石英砂、乳胶粉、淀粉醚、减水剂、清水、PVA纤维分别称量;
2)将步骤1称量好的各配料混合均匀,将混合均匀的配料倒入胶砂搅拌机中,加入称量好的水,搅拌均匀后得到浆体,搅拌时间2-5min;
3)加入称量好的PVA纤维,搅拌至PVA纤维均匀分散,搅拌时间2-4min,得到高延性水泥基复合材料成品。
进一步的,所述高延性水泥基复合材料,以重量份计,包括以下组分:水泥370份,粉煤灰280份,硅灰35份,矿渣粉30份,石英砂285份,乳胶粉6份,淀粉醚1.2份,减水剂1.2份,PVA纤维12份,清水180份。
进一步的,水泥为P.O42.5,指标满足GB 175要求。
进一步的,粉煤灰为Ⅰ级粉煤灰,指标满足GB/T 1596要求。
进一步的,硅灰为96%,指标满足GB/T27690要求。
进一步的,矿渣粉为S95级,指标满足GB/T 18046要求。
进一步的,所述石英砂的粒径为20—40目。
进一步的,所述乳胶粉为非离子型可再分散乳胶粉。
进一步的,所述减水剂为粉剂聚羧酸减水剂,粉剂聚羧酸减水剂的固含量98%,减水率29%。
进一步的,所述PVA纤维为高韧性纤维混凝土专用PVA纤维,长度10mm,直径38μm,强度1500MPa,弹性模量30GPa。
本发明的有益技术效果:
1、本发明具有高强度、高韧性、高耐久性的优势和效果。
2、本发明通过采用专用PVA纤维,增强了材料的抗冲击性及抗损伤能力,不仅具有良好的裂缝控制能力,而且极大的提高了材料的抗拉强度以及抗震作用。
3、本发明通过对可再分散乳胶粉和淀粉醚的应用,大大提高了该材料与墙体的粘结力,增强了材料整体的韧性和稳定性,极大的提高了材料的施工性,使施工工序更加方便。
4、本发明通过加入硅灰以及高品质粉煤灰,提高了材料整体的强度和施工性。
具体实施例
下面将结合本发明实施例对本发明的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例;基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例1
一种高延性水泥基复合材料,所述高延性水泥基复合材料各组分以重量份计:
水泥300-400份,粉煤灰250-300份,硅灰30-40份,矿渣粉24-32份,石英砂250-350份,乳胶粉6-9份,淀粉醚1-1.5份,减水剂0.9-1.4份,PVA纤维10-15份,清水150-210份;
所述高延性水泥基复合材料的制备方法包括以下步骤:
1)将水泥、粉煤灰、硅灰、矿渣粉、石英砂、乳胶粉、淀粉醚、减水剂、清水、PVA纤维分别称量;
2)将步骤1称量好的各配料混合均匀,将混合均匀的配料倒入胶砂搅拌机中,加入称量好的水,搅拌均匀后得到浆体,搅拌时间2-5min;
3)加入称量好的PVA纤维,搅拌至PVA纤维均匀分散,搅拌时间2-4min,得到高延性水泥基复合材料成品。
实施例2
一种高延性水泥基复合材料,以重量份计,包括以下组分:水泥370份,粉煤灰280份,硅灰35份,矿渣粉30份,石英砂285份,乳胶粉6份,淀粉醚1.2份,减水剂1.2份,PVA纤维12份,清水180份。
所述水泥为P.O42.5,指标满足GB 175要求。
所述粉煤灰为Ⅰ级粉煤灰,指标满足GB/T 1596要求。
所述硅灰为96%,指标满足GB/T27690要求。
所述矿渣粉为S95级,指标满足GB/T 18046要求。
所述石英砂的粒径为20—40目。
所述乳胶粉为非离子型可再分散乳胶粉。
所述减水剂为粉剂聚羧酸减水剂,粉剂聚羧酸减水剂的固含量98%,减水率29%。
所述PVA纤维为高韧性纤维混凝土专用PVA纤维,长度10mm,直径38μm,强度1500MPa,弹性模量30GPa。
表1抗压强度检测实验
实验项目 | 检测结果 |
3天抗压强度(MPa) | 23.5 |
28天抗压强度(MPa) | 46.7 |
60天抗压强度(MPa) | 64.2 |
表2抗折强度检测实验
实验项目 | 检测结果 |
3天抗折强度(MPa) | 7.5 |
28天抗折强度(MPa) | 10.3 |
60天抗折强度(MPa) | 14.5 |
表3劈裂抗拉强度检测实验
实验项目 | 检测结果 |
3天劈裂抗拉强度(MPa) | 2.6 |
28天劈裂抗拉强度(MPa) | 5.7 |
60天劈裂抗拉强度(MPa) | 7.2 |
由上述三个表格可以看出,根据本发明的配方及制备方法制成的水泥基复合材料,随着时间的增加,其抗压强度、抗折强度及劈裂抗拉强度均在稳步提升,使混凝土具有高强度、高韧性、高耐久性的优势和效果,根据PVA纤维、乳胶粉和淀粉醚、硅灰以及高品质粉煤灰的特性,通过大量实验研究得出最佳的添加量,解决了混凝土材料存在抗拉强度低、韧性差、可靠性低和耐久性低的问题。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已,并不用以限制本发明,凡在本发明的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (6)
1.一种高延性水泥基复合材料,其特征在于,所述高延性水泥基复合材料各组分以重量份计:
水泥300-400份,粉煤灰250-300份,硅灰30-40份,矿渣粉24-32份,石英砂250-350份,乳胶粉6-9份,淀粉醚1-1.5份,减水剂0.9-1.4份,PVA纤维10-15份,清水150-210份;
所述高延性水泥基复合材料的制备方法包括以下步骤:
1)将水泥、粉煤灰、硅灰、矿渣粉、石英砂、乳胶粉、淀粉醚、减水剂、清水、PVA纤维分别称量;
2)将步骤1称量好的水泥、粉煤灰、硅灰、矿渣粉、石英砂、乳胶粉、淀粉醚、减水剂混合均匀,再将混合均匀的配料倒入胶砂搅拌机中,加入称量好的清水,搅拌均匀后得到浆体,搅拌时间2-5min;
3)加入称量好的PVA纤维,搅拌至PVA纤维均匀分散,搅拌时间2-4min,得到高延性水泥基复合材料成品。
2.如权利要求1所述高延性水泥基复合材料,其特征在于,以重量份计,包括以下组分:水泥370份,粉煤灰280份,硅灰35份,矿渣粉30份,石英砂285份,乳胶粉6份,淀粉醚1.2份,减水剂1.2份,PVA纤维12份,清水180份。
3.如权利要求1所述高延性水泥基复合材料,其特征在于:所述石英砂的粒径为20—40目。
4.如权利要求1所述高延性水泥基复合材料,其特征在于:所述乳胶粉为非离子型可再分散乳胶粉。
5.如权利要求1所述高延性水泥基复合材料,其特征在于:所述减水剂为粉剂聚羧酸减水剂,粉剂聚羧酸减水剂的固含量98%,减水率29%。
6.如权利要求1所述高延性水泥基复合材料,其特征在于:所述PVA纤维为高韧性纤维混凝土专用PVA纤维,长度10mm,直径38μm,强度1500MPa,弹性模量30GPa。
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