CN114988123A - Pneumatic ash conveying system and method with non-wearing dense-phase ash groove - Google Patents
Pneumatic ash conveying system and method with non-wearing dense-phase ash groove Download PDFInfo
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- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 147
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 45
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- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
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- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
- B65G53/00—Conveying materials in bulk through troughs, pipes or tubes by floating the materials or by flow of gas, liquid or foam
- B65G53/34—Details
- B65G53/66—Use of indicator or control devices, e.g. for controlling gas pressure, for controlling proportions of material and gas, for indicating or preventing jamming of material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
- B65G53/00—Conveying materials in bulk through troughs, pipes or tubes by floating the materials or by flow of gas, liquid or foam
- B65G53/34—Details
- B65G53/52—Adaptations of pipes or tubes
- B65G53/523—Wear protection
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
- B65G53/00—Conveying materials in bulk through troughs, pipes or tubes by floating the materials or by flow of gas, liquid or foam
- B65G53/34—Details
- B65G53/52—Adaptations of pipes or tubes
- B65G53/54—Flexible pipes or tubes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
- Y02A50/2351—Atmospheric particulate matter [PM], e.g. carbon smoke microparticles, smog, aerosol particles, dust
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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Abstract
The invention discloses a pneumatic ash conveying system with a dense-phase ash chute and a method, wherein the pneumatic ash conveying system comprises a plurality of ash chute collecting devices connected in parallel, and an ash conveying pipeline, wherein the input ends of the ash chute collecting devices are communicated with a pneumatic supply device, and the output ends of the ash chute collecting devices are communicated with a main collecting device, the input ends of the ash chute collecting devices are provided with electromagnetic valves, pressure sensors and ultrasonic monitoring sensors, and the electromagnetic valves, the pressure sensors and the ultrasonic monitoring sensors are in wireless communication connection with a remote central control single chip microcomputer. According to the dust conveying system, dust is conveyed in a non-contact mode, so that the situation that particulate matters in the dust abrade the inner wall of the dust conveying pipeline made of metal materials due to high-speed movement is avoided, and the service life of the dust conveying system is prolonged; meanwhile, the single chip microcomputer remotely controls the air supply device to provide the pressure and the air quantity of air and control the quality of the ash falling into the ash conveying bin, so that ash particles in the ash conveying bin are in a dense phase conveying state, and the abrasion caused by blockage or over-high speed at the turning part of the ash conveying pipeline is avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ash conveying, in particular to a pneumatic ash conveying system with a non-wearable dense-phase ash trough and a method thereof.
Background
The pneumatic conveying system is widely applied to conveying of raw materials and powder materials in factories of petroleum, chemical industry, metallurgy, building materials, grain and oil, pharmacy and the like. Thermal power factory all is furnished with the defeated grey system of strength, and this system collects the ash that electric dust collector shakes and beats through the ash bucket, adopts the sequence control mode again, carries the ash in the ash bucket to different ash storehouses according to the size of granule, and the defeated grey system of strength of power plant has covered the transport of economizer ash, air preheater ash, dust remover ash and desulfurization ash, denitration ash.
The ash chute is a common container in a pneumatic ash conveying system, and the working principle of ash conveying of the ash chute is that the fly ash is conveyed in a pipeline at an average speed of 3-5M/S by controlling feeding and pressure and flow of compressed air. At the conveying speed, the dedusting ash does not need to be uniformly mixed with the compressed air, and the dedusting ash moves along the searching and conveying pipeline in a continuous bolt shape under the action of the compressed air. In order to meet the outdoor anticorrosion requirement, the ash conveying trough is mostly cast by adopting anticorrosive materials such as stainless steel and the like, and the manufacturing cost is higher. In the prior art, chinese patent documents with publication numbers CN110217598B and CN103213844B respectively propose an ash conveying and discharging method and apparatus for a thermal power plant pneumatic ash conveying system and a blast furnace gas dust removal device, which reduce the abrasion to the inner wall of an ash chute by setting a height difference for conveying and reducing the pipeline impact or controlling the conveying speed, but the two methods do not fundamentally solve the problem of abrasion to the inner wall of the ash chute during the particulate matter conveying, especially the bending part on the ash chute, which suffers a larger degree of abrasion, and still require operators to regularly replace the bending pipeline, which not only affects the ash conveying efficiency, but also increases the ash conveying cost, so that the pneumatic ash conveying system and method with a non-wearable dense-phase ash chute are proposed to meet the continuous pneumatic ash conveying requirement of dust.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a pneumatic ash conveying system and a method with a dense-phase ash chute which is not easy to wear, and the pneumatic ash conveying system and the method have the advantages of reducing the wear of the ash chute and the like, simultaneously, the real-time monitoring system monitors various parameters of gas particles and ash particles provided for the ash conveying bin through a pressure sensor and an ultrasonic monitoring sensor, and the singlechip remote control pneumatic supply device after reinforcement learning provides the pressure and the air quantity of gas and controls the quality of the ash falling into the ash conveying bin through constructing a pneumatic ash conveying material movement critical speed and turning speed calculation model, so that the ash particles in the ash conveying bin are in a dense-phase conveying state, the abrasion of the ash conveying pipeline caused by the blockage or the over-high speed at the turning part of the ash conveying pipeline is avoided, and the series problems of pipe wall abrasion and the like easily caused during pneumatic ash conveying in the prior art are solved.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: the pneumatic ash conveying system with the abrasion-resistant dense-phase ash chute comprises a plurality of ash chute collecting devices connected in parallel, an ash conveying pipeline, wherein the input ends of the ash chute collecting devices are communicated with a pneumatic supply device, the output ends of the ash chute collecting devices are communicated with a main collecting device, the ash chute collecting devices comprise ash hoppers, power pumps, dome valves used for controlling whether ash in the ash hoppers falls into an ash conveying bin or not, and electromagnetic valves, pressure sensors and ultrasonic monitoring sensors arranged at the input ends of the ash chute collecting devices, the electromagnetic valves, the pressure sensors and the ultrasonic monitoring sensors on the pneumatic supply device and the ash chute collecting devices are in wireless communication connection with a remote central control single chip microcomputer, the ash conveying pipeline comprises an ash conveying bent pipe and an ash chute pipe which are communicated, and the ash chute pipes on two sides are connected with the two ends of the ash conveying bent pipe through connecting pipes, the ash conveying bent pipe is made of deformable rubber, a plurality of sections of ash groove pipes are internally sleeved with cylindrical rubber air bags for conveying ash, the ash conveying bent pipe is internally sleeved with arc-shaped rubber air bags with the same inner diameter as the cylindrical rubber air bags, the ash conveying bent pipe is also provided with an adjusting assembly for changing the bending degree of the ash conveying bent pipe and the arc-shaped rubber air bags, and the adjusting assembly comprises a plurality of snake bones arranged between the ash conveying bent pipe and the arc-shaped rubber air bags, and a variable-pitch sliding sleeve and a double-end screw rod for adjusting the distance between two ends of the ash conveying bent pipe;
the connecting pipe at both ends is intraductal all to overlap and to establish and install the changeable linking rubber gasbag of internal diameter, and is a plurality of the both ends of snake bone run through respectively to corresponding side link up the rubber gasbag with between the connecting pipe.
Furthermore, the cylindrical rubber airbags are provided with stop valves for filling or releasing gas, and the ash chute pipes are provided with through holes matched with the corresponding stop valves in position; the system still includes first spacing subassembly, first spacing subassembly include looks adaptation set up in first spacing rubber circle on the cylindricality rubber gasbag with set up in first spacing ring channel on the ash chute pipe is a plurality of all fixed cover has been cup jointed on the both ends outer wall of cylindricality rubber gasbag first spacing rubber circle, and a plurality of first spacing ring channel is seted up respectively and is corresponded on the inner wall of ash chute pipe and respectively with a plurality of the position of first spacing rubber circle is corresponding, and is a plurality of first spacing rubber circle blocks respectively and establishes corresponding in the first spacing ring channel.
Furthermore, a plurality of mounting rings which are uniformly distributed are fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the ash conveying bent pipe, a plurality of snake bones are respectively sleeved in the plurality of mounting rings at corresponding positions, and two ends of the plurality of snake bones respectively extend out of two sides of the ash conveying bent pipe; the arc-shaped rubber air bag is consistent with the ash conveying bent pipe in length and can deform along with bending of a plurality of snake bones, and the inner diameter of the arc-shaped rubber air bag is equal to that of the connecting rubber air bag in size;
still fixed mounting has a plurality of even packing rubber pieces of distribution on the inner wall of defeated grey return bend, the length of packing rubber piece with defeated grey return bend's length size equals, the thickness of packing rubber piece with the external diameter size of snake bone is unanimous, just the outer wall of arc rubber gasbag is with a plurality of the packing rubber piece reaches the outer wall in close contact with of snake bone.
Furthermore, filling columns with the same length as the connecting pipes are sleeved between the connecting pipes at the two ends and the linking rubber air bags, a plurality of uniformly distributed extending grooves are formed in one ends of the two filling columns, two ends of a plurality of snake bones are fixedly sleeved in the corresponding extending grooves respectively, and the ash groove pipes, the ash conveying bent pipes and the connecting pipes at the adjacent sections and the connecting pipes and the ash groove pipes are connected through flange plates; the inner walls of the two filling columns are provided with second limiting ring grooves, the outer walls of the two connection rubber air bags are fixedly sleeved with second limiting rubber rings matched with the second limiting ring grooves in position, and the two second limiting rubber rings are clamped in the corresponding second limiting ring grooves respectively.
Furthermore, the outer walls of the two ends of the ash conveying elbow pipe are fixedly connected with a plurality of fixing rings which are uniformly distributed, the fixing rings on the same side are internally sleeved with the same stressed metal ring, the fixing rings with the same height are also sleeved with connecting rings, one ends of the two variable-pitch sliding sleeves are respectively and rotatably connected to the connecting rings on the corresponding sides, the two ends of the double-threaded rod are respectively sleeved in the variable-pitch sliding sleeves on the corresponding sides in a threaded manner, and the two variable-pitch sliding sleeves are respectively matched with the corresponding ends of the double-threaded rod; the middle part of the double-end screw is fixedly sleeved with an operating nut, and when the distance between the operating nut and the variable-pitch sliding sleeves at the two ends is the largest, the ash conveying bent pipe is located in an initial state and is arranged linearly.
The invention also provides a pneumatic ash conveying method with a non-wearing dense-phase ash chute, which applies the pneumatic ash conveying system with the non-wearing dense-phase ash chute and comprises the following steps:
s1, discharging: when the material level in the ash hopper of an ash chute collecting device of the system reaches the lowest discharging material level, the dome valve is opened, and the power pump pressurizes the falling of the ash in the ash hopper and feeds the ash into the ash conveying bin;
s2, conveying: the remote central control singlechip controls the pneumatic supply device to start, feeds air into the ash conveying bin in the ash groove collecting device, adjusts the pressurizing pressure, and starts the corresponding step in the step S1The electromagnetic valve at the input end of the ash chute collecting device, the corresponding pressure sensor monitors the pressure p at the t moment of the input gas at the input end of the corresponding ash chute collecting device in real time tg And the ultrasonic monitoring sensor monitors the moving speed v of the gas in the ash conveying bin at the t-th moment in real time tg The pneumatic supply device supplies the mass q of the added gas particles a The moving speed v of the ash particles in the ash conveying bin tm Mass q of the ash particles m And the pressure p to which the ash particles are subjected tm Establishing the critical moving speed v of the pneumatic ash conveying material a Calculating the moving turning speed v of the model and the pneumatic ash conveying material b Calculating a model to obtain the critical speed v of pneumatic ash conveying a And velocity of inflection v b ；
S3, adjusting the pressurizing pressure of the pneumatic supply device and the mass of the ash materials added into the ash conveying bin by the ash hopper;
s4: judging real-time ash moving speed v in ash conveying bin of ash groove collecting device im Whether the following pneumatic ash conveying material moving speed threshold ranges are met: v. of b ＜v tm ＜v a ；
S5: if yes, judging that the ash in the ash groove collecting device is in a dense-phase ash conveying state at the moment, and discharging ash from the input end of the ash groove collecting device to the output end of the ash groove collecting device, otherwise, repeating the steps S1-S4 to enable the ash in the ash conveying bin in the ash groove collecting device to be in a dense-phase ash conveying state;
s6: after the ash material in the ash conveying bin is conveyed, the pressure of the ash conveying bin is reduced; when the pressure in the ash conveying bin is reduced to lower limit pressure, the remote central control single chip microcomputer controls the pneumatic supply device and the corresponding electromagnetic valve to be closed, and pneumatic ash conveying of the ash groove collecting device is completed.
Further, the critical moving speed v of the pneumatic ash conveying material constructed in the step S2 a The calculation model is as follows:
s.t.u a ＞0；
ρ a ＞0；
v tg ＞0；
v tm ＞0；
v obtained by solving tm Namely the moving critical speed v of the pneumatic ash conveying material a ；
Wherein,
the gradient operator is used for carrying out full differentiation in all directions on three-dimensional space for respectively supplying the added gas particles to the pneumatic supply device;
for the moving speed v of the gas in the silo at the t-th moment tg The vector of (a);
is the moving speed v of the ash particles in the ash conveying bin at the t-th moment tm The vector of (a); u. u a Supplying the pneumatic supply with the volume of gas particles added, p a Supplying the pneumatic supply device with the density of the added gas particles; g is the acceleration of gravity; m tg The acting force coefficient of the gas and the ash particles in the ash conveying bin is obtained; t is the time length for supplying gas to the pneumatic supply device;
wherein q is m Is the mass of the ash particles in the ash conveying bin, q a The pneumatic supply means are supplied with the mass of gas particles added.
Further, the moving turning speed v of the pneumatic ash conveying material constructed in the step S2 b The calculation model is as follows:
s.t.u m ＞0；
ρ m ＞0；
v tg ＞0；
v tm ＞0；
v tm，i ＞0；
v tm，i+1 ＞0；
v obtained by solving tm，i I.e. the moving turning speed v of the pneumatic ash conveying material b ；
Wherein,
the gradient operator is used for carrying out full differentiation in all directions on three-dimensional space for respectively supplying the added gas particles to the pneumatic supply device;
for the moving speed v of the gas in the silo at the t-th moment tg The vector of (a);
is the moving speed v of the ash particles in the ash conveying bin at the t-th moment tm The vector of (a); u. of a Supplying the pneumatic supply with the volume of gas particles added, p a Supplying the pneumatic supply device with the density of the added gas particles; g is the acceleration of gravity; m tg The acting force coefficient of the gas and the ash particles in the ash conveying bin is obtained; m tm The action coefficient of the ith ash particle and the (i + 1) th ash particle in the ash conveying bin is calculated; t is the time length for supplying gas to the pneumatic supply device;
the moving speed v of the ith ash particle at the moment t tm，i The vector of (a) is determined,
the moving speed v of the i +1 st ash particle at the time t tm，i+1 1,2, …, n; u. of m Is the volume, rho, of the ash particles in the ash conveying bin m The density of the ash particles in the ash conveying bin is obtained;
wherein q is m Is the mass of the ash particles in the ash conveying bin q a The pneumatic supply means are supplied with the mass of the added gas particles.
Furthermore, the force coefficient M of the ith ash particle and the (i + 1) th ash particle in the ash conveying bin tm The calculation formula of (a) is as follows:
wherein, sigma is a recovery constant after collision and friction among the ash particles, and sigma belongs to [0, 1 ]]，d tm，i The diameter of the ith ash particle at time t, d tm，i+1 Is the diameter of the +1 st ash particle at time t, G i，i+1 Is the friction coefficient between the ith ash particle and the (i + 1) th ash particle,
the moving speed v of the ith ash particle at the moment t tm， Vector of i
The moving speed v of the i +1 th ash particle at the time t tm，i+1 Vector of (2)
Making a poor model.
Furthermore, the acting force coefficient M of the gas and the ash particles in the ash conveying bin tg Meter (2)The calculation formula is as follows:
when u is a When the carbon content is more than 0.75,
when u is a When the content is less than or equal to 0.75,
wherein, C a，m Is the friction coefficient between the gas particles and the ash particles in the ash conveying bin,
the moving speed v of the gas particles at time t tg Vector of (2)
The moving speed v of the ash particles at the time t tm Vector of (2)
Making a difference model; d tm The diameter of the ash particles in the ash conveying bin at the moment t.
Compared with the prior art, the pneumatic ash conveying system and method provided by the invention have the advantages that the pneumatic ash conveying system and method provided with the hard-to-wear dense-phase ash chute have the following beneficial effects:
1. this air force ash conveying system and method with difficult wearing and tearing dense phase ash chute, to cylindricality rubber gasbag, gas is injected into in arc rubber gasbag and the linking rubber gasbag through the stop valve that corresponds, because a plurality of snake bones, the restrictive action of connecting pipe and ash chute pipe, make cylindricality rubber gasbag, arc rubber gasbag and linking rubber gasbag can only take place inboard inflation, and reach same internal diameter size, thereby realize the internal diameter size of corresponding adjustment ash conveying pipeline, with the power requirement of adaptation ash conveying system, and simultaneously, traditional metal material's ash conveying pipeline has been replaced, adopt elastic rubber material to carry the dust, avoid the inner wall of ash conveying pipeline because of the high-speed removal wearing and tearing of particulate matter in the dust, the natural loss of material has been reduced, the life of whole ash conveying system has been improved.
2. The pneumatic ash conveying system and method with the abrasion-resistant dense-phase ash chute are characterized in that a first limiting annular groove and a second limiting annular groove are formed, the air bag is conveniently corresponding to the first limiting rubber ring and the second limiting rubber ring which are clamped and correspond after being inflated, so that the cylindrical rubber air bag and the linking rubber air bag are quickly fixed, meanwhile, after a larger pulling force is applied to the end part, the first limiting rubber ring and the second limiting rubber ring can be actively separated from the corresponding first limiting annular groove and the second limiting annular groove, the cylindrical rubber air bag and the linking rubber air bag are conveniently dismounted, the cylindrical rubber air bag and the linking rubber air bag are conveniently maintained regularly, the ash conveying pipeline is conveniently dismounted by adopting a multi-section flange plate connection mode, and the ash conveying pipeline is conveniently maintained when being blocked.
3. This defeated grey system of strength and method with difficult wearing and tearing dense phase ash chute, through rotating the operating nut, make the displacement sliding sleeve at both ends be close to each other or keep away from, thereby under the elastic action of defeated grey return bend itself, cooperation go-between and double-end screw's take-up action, make defeated grey return bend keep corresponding radian, with the different installation space demand of adaptation, and simultaneously, establish the atress becket at defeated grey return bend tip through setting up the cover, when making the taut both ends of defeated grey return bend of double-end screw, the tip of defeated grey return bend is the relative atress everywhere even, avoid dragging a certain less position for a long time, cause defeated grey return bend to take place unexpected deformation, thereby whole defeated grey system's practicality has further been improved.
4. The system provided by the invention simultaneously monitors various parameters of gas particles and ash particles provided by the ash conveying bin through the pressure sensor and the ultrasonic monitoring sensor in real time, and strengthens the pressure and the gas quantity of gas provided by the air supply device and controls the quality of the ash falling into the ash conveying bin through constructing the calculation model of the moving critical speed and the turning speed of the air ash conveying bin, so that the ash particles in the ash conveying bin are in a thick phase conveying state, and the abrasion of the ash particles caused by the blockage or the over-high speed at the turning part of the ash conveying pipeline is avoided.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a pneumatic ash conveying system provided by the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of an ash conveying pipeline of the system provided by the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic top view of a portion of an ash conveying pipe of the system provided by the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic sectional view of an ash chute of an ash conveying pipeline of the system according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic perspective view of an arc-shaped rubber air bag of an ash conveying pipeline of the system provided by the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic sectional view of an ash conveying elbow of the ash conveying pipeline of the system according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic perspective view of an ash conveying elbow of an ash conveying pipeline of the system provided by the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic sectional view of a connecting pipe of an ash conveying pipeline of the system according to the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic sectional view of a packed column of an ash conveying pipeline of the system according to the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic flow chart of a pneumatic ash conveying method with a non-wearing dense-phase ash chute provided by the invention.
In the figure: 1. ash conveying bent pipes; 2. an ash trough pipe; 3. a connecting pipe; 30. an ash chute collecting device; 301. an input end of an ash chute collecting device; 302. an output end of the ash chute collecting device; 303. an ash hopper; 304. a power pump; 305. a dome valve; 306. an ash conveying bin; 307. an electromagnetic valve; 308. a pressure sensor; 31. a pneumatic supply device; 32. a total collection device; 33. an ash conveying pipeline; 4. a cylindrical rubber air bag; 5. a stop valve; 6. a first limit rubber ring; 7. a first limiting annular groove; 8. a mounting ring; 9. snake bones; 10. filling a rubber block; 11. an arc-shaped rubber air bag; 12. a fixing ring; 13. a stressed metal ring; 14. a connecting ring; 15. a variable-pitch sliding sleeve; 16. a double-ended screw; 17. operating the nut; 18. filling a column; 19. an extension groove; 20. connecting the rubber air bag; 21. a second limiting rubber ring; 22. a second limiting annular groove.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As described in the background of the invention, the prior art is deficient in that the present application provides a pneumatic ash conveying system and method with a dense phase ash chute that is less prone to wear.
In a typical embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 1 to 9, the pneumatic ash conveying system with a non-wearing dense-phase ash chute comprises a plurality of ash chute collecting devices 30 connected in parallel, an ash conveying pipeline 33 which connects the input ends 301 of the plurality of ash chute collecting devices 30 with a pneumatic supply device 31 and connects the output ends 302 of the ash chute collecting devices 30 with a total collecting device 32, wherein the ash chute collecting devices 30 comprise ash hoppers 303, a power pump 304 which is used for pressurizing ash in the ash hoppers to enter an ash conveying bin 306, a dome valve 305 which is used for controlling whether ash in the ash hoppers 303 falls into the ash conveying bin 306, and electromagnetic valves 307, pressure sensors 308 and ultrasonic monitoring sensors which are arranged on the input ends 301 of the ash chute collecting devices 30, the electromagnetic valves 307, the pressure sensors 308 and the ultrasonic monitoring sensors on the pneumatic supply device 31 and the plurality of ash chute collecting devices 30 are all in wireless communication connection with a remote central control single chip microcomputer, the total collecting device 32 is a collecting device for collecting the ash chute collecting devices 30 which enter the ash conveying bin 306 and convey the ash particles to one of the ash chute collecting devices by the gas supplied by the pneumatic supply device 31 in a positive pressure gas supply mode; the ash conveying pipeline 33 comprises an ash conveying bent pipe 1 and ash groove pipes 2 which are communicated, the two ends of the ash groove pipes 2 on the two sides are connected with the two ends of the ash conveying bent pipe 1 through connecting pipes 3, the ash conveying bent pipe 1 is made of deformable rubber, cylindrical rubber airbags 4 for conveying ash are sleeved in the multiple sections of ash groove pipes 2, arc-shaped rubber airbags 11 with the same inner diameter as the cylindrical rubber airbags 4 are further sleeved in the ash conveying bent pipe 1, an adjusting component for changing the bending degree of the ash conveying bent pipe 1 and the arc-shaped rubber airbags 11 is further mounted on the ash conveying bent pipe 1, the adjusting component comprises a plurality of snake bones 9 mounted between the ash conveying bent pipe 1 and the arc-shaped rubber airbags 11, variable-pitch sliding sleeves 15 and double-head screws 16 for adjusting the distance between the two ends of the ash conveying bent pipe 1, linking rubber airbags 20 with variable inner diameters are sleeved in the connecting pipes 3 at the two ends, and the two ends of the plurality of the snake bones 9 respectively penetrate between the rubber linking airbags 20 and the connecting pipes 3 at the corresponding sides, wherein, the snake bone 9 is prior art, which only plays a supporting role in the present application, for example, the technology shown in the chinese patent document with publication number CN110367911B, compared with the prior art, the present application adopts the way of arranging the cylindrical rubber air bag 4 in the straight ash trough pipe 2 and arranging the arc rubber air bag 11 in the ash conveying bent pipe 1, which cooperates with the aerodynamics to carry out the "contactless" conveying of the dust, so as to avoid the abrasion of the inner wall of the ash conveying pipe caused by the high speed movement of the particulate matters in the dust, and the rubber air bag is adopted instead, compared with the way that the particulate matters directly and hard rub the inner wall of the ash conveying pipe, the air bag has certain elasticity and is in tough contact with the particulate matters, thereby reducing the abrasion degree, not only being capable of adapting to the requirements of different ash conveying systems, changing the conveying passages with different inner diameters, but also being capable of reducing the loss of the material, and prolonging the service life of the whole ash conveying system, in addition, can also be according to the installation demand of reality through adjusting part, adjust defeated grey return bend 1's whole angle of bending, the multiple installation overall arrangement of adaptation has further improved the practicality of whole defeated grey system.
As an optimal implementation manner in this embodiment, the stop valves 5 for filling or releasing gas are disposed on the plurality of cylindrical rubber airbags 4, and the through holes adapted to the positions of the corresponding stop valves 5 are further disposed on the plurality of ash chute pipes 2, it should be noted that the stop valves 5 are disposed on the arc-shaped rubber airbags 11 and the connection rubber airbags 20, and when the inner diameter of the ash conveying channel needs to be adjusted according to the ash conveying system, the expansion degree of each section of airbag can be adjusted by injecting gas into or discharging gas from the corresponding cylindrical rubber airbags 4, the arc-shaped rubber airbags 11 and the connection rubber airbags 20 through the stop valves 5, so as to achieve the required inner diameter, which is convenient to operate. Further, the system of the invention also comprises a first limiting component, the first limiting component comprises a first limiting rubber ring 6 which is arranged on the cylindrical rubber air bag 4 and a first limiting annular groove 7 which is arranged on the ash groove pipe 2 in a matched manner, the outer walls of two ends of the plurality of cylindrical rubber air bags 4 are fixedly sleeved with the first limiting rubber ring 6, the plurality of first limiting annular grooves 7 are respectively arranged on the inner wall of the corresponding ash groove pipe 2 and respectively correspond to the positions of the plurality of first limiting rubber rings 6, the plurality of first limiting rubber rings 6 are respectively clamped in the corresponding first limiting annular grooves 7, the inner walls of the two filling columns 18 are respectively provided with a second limiting annular groove 22, the outer walls of the two connecting rubber air bags 20 are respectively fixedly sleeved with a second limiting rubber ring 21 which is matched with the position of the corresponding second limiting annular groove 22, the two second limiting rubber rings 21 are respectively clamped in the corresponding second limiting annular grooves 22, packing columns 18 with the same length as the connecting pipe 3 are sleeved between the connecting pipe 3 and the linking rubber air bag 20 at two ends, a plurality of uniformly distributed extension grooves 19 are formed at one end of each of the two packing columns 18, two ends of a plurality of snake bones 9 are respectively fixedly sleeved in the corresponding extension grooves 19, and the adjacent sections of ash groove pipes 2, the ash conveying bent pipe 1 and the connecting pipe 3 and the ash groove pipes 2 are connected through flange plates, when the ash conveying pipeline is laid, gas is injected into the cylindrical rubber air bag 4, the arc rubber air bag 11 and the linking rubber air bag 20 through the corresponding stop valves 5, due to the constraint action of the snake bones 9, the connecting pipe 3 and the ash groove pipes 2, the cylindrical rubber air bag 4, the arc rubber air bag 11 and the linking rubber air bag 20 can only expand inside and reach the same inner diameter, so that the inner diameter of the ash conveying pipeline can be correspondingly adjusted, the power requirement of the ash conveying system is adapted, meanwhile, the traditional ash conveying pipeline made of metal materials is replaced, the dust is conveyed by adopting elastic rubber materials, the situation that the inner wall of the ash conveying pipeline is abraded due to high-speed movement of particles in the dust is avoided, the natural loss of materials is reduced, the service life of the whole ash conveying system is prolonged, in addition, the first limiting annular groove 7 and the second limiting annular groove 22 are arranged, the corresponding air bag is conveniently clamped with the corresponding first limiting rubber ring 6 and the corresponding second limiting rubber ring 21 after being inflated, so that the cylindrical rubber air bag 4 and the connecting rubber air bag 20 are quickly fixed, meanwhile, after a larger pulling force is applied to the end part, the first limiting rubber ring 6 and the second limiting rubber ring 21 can be actively separated from the corresponding first limiting annular groove 7 and the corresponding second limiting annular groove 22, the cylindrical rubber air bag 4 and the connecting rubber air bag 20 are conveniently detached, the cylindrical rubber air bag 4 and the connecting rubber air bag 20 are conveniently maintained regularly, through the mode that adopts the ring flange multistage to connect, the defeated grey pipeline of dismouting of being convenient for, convenient maintenance.
As a preferred embodiment in this embodiment, a plurality of evenly distributed mounting rings 8 are fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the ash conveying elbow 1, a plurality of snake bones 9 are respectively sleeved in the plurality of mounting rings 8 at corresponding positions, and both ends of the plurality of snake bones 9 respectively extend out of both sides of the ash conveying elbow 1, an arc-shaped rubber air bag 11 is consistent with the ash conveying elbow 1 in length and can deform along with bending of the plurality of snake bones 9, the inner diameter of the arc-shaped rubber air bag 11 is also equal to the inner diameter of a connecting rubber air bag 20, a plurality of evenly distributed filling rubber blocks 10 are also fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the ash conveying elbow 1, the length of the filling rubber blocks 10 is equal to the length of the ash conveying elbow 1, the thickness of the filling rubber blocks 10 is equal to the outer diameter of the snake bones 9, and the outer wall of the arc-shaped rubber air bag 11 is in close contact with the plurality of filling rubber blocks 10 and the outer wall of the snake bones 9, it is worth noting that although the ash conveying bent pipe 1 is made of rubber, the ash conveying bent pipe can only be bent, and the size of the outer diameter or the inner diameter of the ash conveying bent pipe cannot be changed, and through the abutting effect of the plurality of filling rubber blocks 10 and the snake bones 9, the position of the arc-shaped rubber air bag 11 can be relatively fixed, the outer wall of the arc-shaped rubber air bag 11 can be supported and abutted, so that the ash conveying bent pipe can only expand on the inner wall after being inflated, and the diameter of the ash conveying channel can be correspondingly reduced.
As a preferred embodiment in this embodiment, the outer walls of both ends of the ash conveying elbow 1 are fixedly connected with a plurality of fixing rings 12 which are uniformly distributed, the fixing rings 12 on the same side are sleeved with the same stressed metal ring 13, wherein the fixing rings 12 with the same height are also sleeved with connecting rings 14, one ends of two variable-pitch sliding sleeves 15 are respectively and rotatably connected to the connecting rings 14 on the corresponding sides, both ends of a double-headed screw 16 are respectively and threadedly sleeved in the variable-pitch sliding sleeves 15 on the corresponding sides, the two variable-pitch sliding sleeves 15 are respectively matched with the corresponding ends of the double-headed screw 16, the middle of the double-headed screw 16 is further fixedly sleeved with an operating nut 17, when the distance between the operating nut 17 and the variable-pitch sliding sleeves 15 on both ends is maximum, the ash conveying elbow 1 is in an initial state and linearly arranged, in this embodiment, when the bending angle of the ash conveying elbow 1 needs to be adjusted according to the installation space, through rotating the operation nut 17, make the displacement sliding sleeve 15 at both ends be close to each other or keep away from, thereby under the elastic action of defeated grey return bend 1 itself, cooperation go-between 14 and 16 take-up action of double-end screw, make defeated grey return bend 1 keep corresponding radian, and simultaneously, establish the atress becket 13 at defeated grey return bend 1 tip through setting up the cover, when making the taut both ends of defeated grey return bend 1 of double-end screw 16, the tip of defeated grey return bend 1 is the relative atress everywhere even, avoid dragging a certain less position for a long time, cause defeated grey return bend 1 to take place unexpected deformation, thereby the practicality of whole defeated grey system has further been improved.
The working principle of the invention is as follows: when laying ash conveying pipeline, stop valve 5 through corresponding is to cylindricality rubber gasbag 4, gas is injected into in arc rubber gasbag 11 and the linking rubber gasbag 20, because a plurality of snake bones 9, the restriction effect of connecting pipe 3 and grey groove pipe 2, make cylindricality rubber gasbag 4, arc rubber gasbag 11 and linking rubber gasbag 20 can only take place inboard inflation, and reach same internal diameter size, thereby realize the internal diameter size that corresponds adjustment ash conveying pipeline, with the power requirement of the defeated grey system of adaptation, and simultaneously, traditional metal material's ash conveying pipeline has been replaced, adopt the elastic rubber material to carry the dust, avoid the inner wall of the defeated grey pipeline of particulate matter because of the high-speed removal wearing and tearing in the dust, the natural loss of material has been reduced, the life of whole ash conveying system has been improved.
Through seting up first spacing ring channel 7 and second spacing ring channel 22, conveniently correspond first spacing rubber circle 6 and the second spacing rubber circle 21 that the block corresponds after the gasbag aerifys, thereby quick fixed cylindricality rubber gasbag 4 and linking rubber gasbag 20, and simultaneously, after great pulling force is applyed at the tip, first spacing rubber circle 6 and second spacing rubber circle 21 can initiatively break away from corresponding first spacing ring channel 7 and second spacing ring channel 22, conveniently dismantle cylindricality rubber gasbag 4 and linking rubber gasbag 20, be convenient for regularly maintain cylindricality rubber gasbag 4 and linking rubber gasbag 20, through the mode that adopts the flange dish multistage to connect, be convenient for dismouting ash conveying pipeline, it maintains when convenient ash conveying pipeline takes place to block up.
Need correspond when adjusting defeated grey return bend 1's angle of bending according to installation space, through rotating operation nut 17, make the displacement sliding sleeve 15 at both ends be close to each other or keep away from, thereby under the elastic action of defeated grey return bend 1 itself, cooperation go-between 14 and 16 taut effect of double-end screw, make defeated grey return bend 1 keep corresponding the radian, and simultaneously, establish the atress becket 13 at defeated grey return bend 1 tip through setting up the cover, when making 16 taut both ends of defeated grey return bends 1 of double-end screw, the tip of defeated grey return bend 1 is the relative atress everywhere even, avoid dragging a certain less position for a long time, cause defeated grey return bend 1 to take place unexpected deformation, thereby the practicality of whole defeated grey system has further been improved.
The invention also provides a pneumatic ash conveying method with a non-wearable dense-phase ash chute, which is particularly applied to the pneumatic ash conveying system with the non-wearable dense-phase ash chute, and as shown in fig. 10, the method comprises the following steps:
s1, discharging: when the level in the ash hopper 303 of an ash chute collector 30 of the system reaches the lowest discharge level, the dome valve 305 is opened and the power pump 304 pressurizes the ash falling in the ash hopper 303 into the ash conveying bin 306;
s2, conveying: the remote central control single chip microcomputer controls the pneumatic supply device 31 to start, air is fed into the ash conveying bin 306 in the ash chute collecting device 30, the pressurizing pressure is adjusted, the electromagnetic valve 307 on the input end 301 of the corresponding ash chute collecting device 30 in the step S1 is opened, and the pressure p at the t moment of the input gas at the input end 301 of the corresponding ash chute collecting device 30 is monitored by the corresponding pressure sensor 308 in real time tg And the ultrasonic monitoring sensor monitors the moving speed v of the gas in the ash conveying bin 306 at the t moment in real time tg The pneumatic supply device 31 supplies the mass q of the added gas particles a The movement of ash particles in the ash silo 306Velocity v tm Mass q of the ash particles m And the pressure p to which the soot particles are subjected tm Establishing the critical moving speed v of the pneumatic ash conveying material a Calculating the moving turning speed v of the model and the pneumatic ash conveying material b Calculating a model to obtain the critical speed v of pneumatic ash conveying a And turning velocity v b ；
S3, adjusting the pressurizing pressure of the pneumatic supply device 31 and the mass of the ash material added into the ash conveying bin 306 by the ash hopper 303;
s4: determining the real-time ash moving speed v in the ash bin 306 of the ash chute collecting device 30 im Whether the following pneumatic ash conveying material moving speed threshold ranges are met: v. of b ＜v tm ＜v a ；
S5: if yes, judging that the ash in the ash chute collecting device 30 is in a dense phase ash conveying state at the moment, and discharging ash from the input end 301 of the ash chute collecting device 30 to the output end 302 of the ash chute collecting device 30, otherwise, repeating the steps S1-S4 to enable the ash in the ash conveying bin 306 in the ash chute collecting device 30 to be in a dense phase ash conveying state;
s6: when the ash in the ash conveying bin 306 is conveyed, the pressure of the ash conveying bin 306 is reduced; when the pressure in the ash conveying bin 306 is reduced to the lower limit pressure, the remote central control singlechip controls the pneumatic supply device 31 and the corresponding electromagnetic valve 307 to be closed, and the pneumatic ash conveying of the ash groove collecting device 30 is completed.
Pneumatic ash conveying material moving critical speed v a The minimum speed at which the ash particles can move without settling under the action of the gas supplied into the ash conveying bin 306 by the pneumatic supply device 31, the moving turning speed v of the pneumatic ash conveying material b The pressure p at the t moment of the input gas at the input end 301 of the corresponding ash chute collecting device 30 is monitored in real time by the corresponding pressure sensor 308 and is therefore the minimum speed at which the ash particles will not be blocked in the pipeline tg And the ultrasonic monitoring sensor monitors the moving speed v of the gas in the ash conveying bin 306 at the t moment in real time tg The pneumatic supply device 31 supplies the mass q of the added gas particles a The speed v of movement of the ash particles tm Ash conveying bin 3Mass q of ash particles in 06 m And the pressure p to which the soot particles are subjected tm Two minimization calculation models are constructed: critical speed v for moving ash material in pneumatic ash conveying a Calculating the moving turning speed v of the model and the pneumatic ash conveying material b Calculating a model, limiting the range of the moving speed threshold of the pneumatic ash conveying material: v. of b ＜v tm ＜v a Limiting the speed v of movement of the ash particles in the ash silo tm Can not be larger than the critical moving speed v of pneumatic ash conveying material a (the minimum speed of the movement without sedimentation under the driving of the gas) can limit the pressurizing pressure of the pneumatic supply device 31 in the step S3 and the total mass of the ash particles added into the ash conveying bin 306 by the ash hopper 303, so that the gas supplied by the pneumatic supply device 31 in the ash conveying bin 306 is effectively regulated and fluidized to form a dense phase state which can not settle and can flow, the flow rate of the ash particles in a dilute phase state formed in the ash conveying bin 306 fluidized by a large mass and volume of gas is prevented from being too high, the large collision impact force formed at the ash conveying elbow 1 of the ash conveying pipeline 33 is prevented, and the ash conveying elbow of the pneumatic ash conveying system is further controlled from the aspects of the pressure and mass of the pressurizing gas and the mass of the ash adding to be not easily abraded.
At the same time, the maximum speed of the device cannot exceed the moving turning speed v of the pneumatic ash conveying material by limiting b (minimum speed at which the ash particles cannot be blocked in the pipeline), and further controlling the movement speed v of the ash particles in the ash conveying bin from the lower limit range tm So that the system can always keep a dense phase state without sedimentation, and the abrasion at the ash conveying elbow of the pneumatic ash conveying system is avoided.
Then the remote central control singlechip in wireless communication connection is subjected to reinforcement learning,
as another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the critical moving speed v of the pneumatically conveyed ash material constructed in the step S2 a The calculation model is as follows:
s.t.u a ＞0；
ρ a ＞0；
v tg ＞0；
v tm ＞0；
v obtained by solving tm Namely the moving critical speed v of the pneumatic ash conveying material a ；
Wherein,
is a gradient operator, and is used for respectively carrying out full differentiation of all directions on the three-dimensional space for the gas particles which are supplied and added by the pneumatic supply device 31;
the moving speed v of the gas in the ash silo 306 at the t-th moment tg The vector of (a);
is the moving speed v of the ash particles in the ash silo 306 at the t-th moment tm The vector of (a); u. of a The volume of the gas particles, p, supplied to the pneumatic supply means 31 a The density of the gas particles added is supplied to the pneumatic supply device 31; g is the acceleration of gravity; m tg Is the force coefficient of the gas and the ash particles in the ash conveying bin 306; t is the time duration for the pneumatic supply device 31 to supply air;
wherein q is m Q is the mass of the ash particles in the ash silo 306 a The pneumatic supply means 31 is supplied with the mass of the gas particles added.
As another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the moving turning speed v of the pneumatically conveyed ash material constructed in the step S2 b The calculation model is as follows:
s.t.u m ＞0；
ρ m ＞0；
v tg ＞0；
v tm ＞0；
v tm，i ＞0；
v tm，i+1 ＞0；
v obtained by solving tm，i I.e. the moving turning speed v of the pneumatic ash conveying material b ；
Wherein,
is a gradient operator, and carries out full differentiation in all directions on three-dimensional space for respectively supplying the added gas particles to the pneumatic supply device 31;
the moving speed v of the gas in the ash silo 306 at the t-th moment tg The vector of (a);
is the moving speed v of the ash particles in the ash bin 306 at the t-th moment tm The vector of (a); u. of a The volume of gas particles added, ρ, is supplied to the pneumatic supply means 31 a The density of the gas particles fed to the pneumatic supply means 31; g is the acceleration of gravity; m tg Is the force coefficient of the gas and the ash particles in the ash conveying bin 306; m tm The force coefficient of the ith ash particle and the (i + 1) th ash particle in the ash conveying bin 306; t is the time duration for the pneumatic supply device 31 to supply air;
for the moving speed v of the ith ash particle at time t tm，i The vector of (a) is determined,
is the i +1 st ash material at the t momentMoving speed v of particles tm，i+1 1,2, …, n; u. of m Is the volume, p, of the ash particles in the ash silo 306 m Is the density of the ash particles in the ash silo 306;
wherein q is m Q is the mass of the ash particles in the ash silo 306 a The pneumatic supply means 31 is supplied with the mass of the gas particles added.
the moving speed v of the ith ash particle at the moment t tm，i And the moving speed v of the i +1 st ash particle at the time t tm，i+1 The moving speed v of the ash particles in the ash conveying bin 306 is obtained by the real-time monitoring of the ultrasonic monitoring sensor in the step S2 tm When considering the interaction of the gas particles and the ash particles, there is no need to distinguish the ith ash particle from the (i + 1) th ash particle.
Further, the force coefficient M between the ith ash particle and the (i + 1) th ash particle in the ash conveying bin 306 tm The calculation formula of (a) is as follows:
wherein, sigma is a recovery constant after collision and friction among the ash particles, and sigma belongs to [0, 1 ]]，d tm，i The diameter of the ith ash particle at time t, d tm，i+1 Is the diameter of the +1 st ash particle at time t, G i，i+1 Is the friction coefficient between the ith ash particle and the (i + 1) th ash particle,
the moving speed v of the ith ash particle at the moment t tm，i Vector of (2)
The moving speed v of the i +1 th ash particle at the time t tm，i+1 Vector of (2)
Making a poor model.
Further, the force coefficient M of the gas and the ash particles in the ash bin 306 tg The calculation formula of (a) is as follows:
when u is a When the carbon content is more than 0.75,
when u is a When the content is less than or equal to 0.75,
wherein, C a，m As the friction coefficient between the gas particles and the ash particles in the ash silo 306,
the velocity v of the gas particles at time t tg Vector of (2)
The moving speed v of the ash particles at the time t tm Vector of (2)
Making a difference mould; d tm The diameter of the ash particles in the ash silo 306 at time t.
By means of the amount of gas supplied to the silo 306 by the different gas supply devices 31, it is fully contemplated that the volume of gas particles in the silo is larger (u) when more or less gas is supplied a > 0.75) or less (u) a Not more than 0.75), the coefficient of action M of the gas and the ash particles in the ash conveying bin 306 tg The difference of the gas transmission state and the gas transmission state can be effectively limited and distinguished, and the remote control is improvedThe central control single chip microcomputer controls the accuracy and the precision of the gas transmission supply of different gas ash transmission systems.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. The pneumatic ash conveying system with the hard-to-wear dense-phase ash chute comprises a plurality of ash chute collecting devices (30) which are connected in parallel, and an ash conveying pipeline (33) which is used for communicating input ends (301) of the ash chute collecting devices (30) with a pneumatic supply device (31) and communicating output ends (302) of the ash chute collecting devices (30) with a main collecting device (32), wherein each ash chute collecting device (30) comprises an ash hopper (303), a power pump (304), a dome valve (305) which is used for controlling whether ash in the ash hopper (303) falls into an ash conveying bin (306) or not, and an electromagnetic valve (307), a pressure sensor (308) and an ultrasonic monitoring sensor which are arranged on the input ends (301) of the ash chute collecting devices (30), and is characterized in that the electromagnetic valve (307), the pressure sensor (308) and the ultrasonic monitoring sensor on the pneumatic supply device (31) and the ash chute collecting devices (30) are in wireless communication connection with a remote central control singlechip, the ash conveying pipeline (33) comprises an ash conveying bent pipe (1) and an ash groove pipe (2) which are communicated, the two ends of the ash groove pipe (2) at the two sides and the ash conveying bent pipe (1) are connected through a connecting pipe (3), the ash conveying bent pipe (1) is made of deformable rubber, a plurality of sections of ash groove pipes (2) are internally sleeved with cylindrical rubber air bags (4) for conveying ash, an arc-shaped rubber air bag (11) with the same inner diameter as the cylindrical rubber air bag (4) is sleeved in the ash conveying bent pipe (1), and the ash conveying bent pipe (1) is also provided with an adjusting component for changing the bending degree of the ash conveying bent pipe (1) and the arc-shaped rubber air bag (11), the adjusting component comprises a plurality of snake bones (9) arranged between the ash conveying bent pipe (1) and the arc-shaped rubber air bag (11), and a variable-pitch sliding sleeve (15) and a double-threaded screw (16) for adjusting the distance between the two ends of the ash conveying bent pipe (1);
both ends all overlap in connecting pipe (3) and establish and install changeable linking rubber gasbag (20) of internal diameter, and a plurality of the both ends of snake bone (9) run through respectively to corresponding side link up rubber gasbag (20) with between connecting pipe (3).
2. The pneumatic ash conveying system with the abrasion-resistant dense-phase ash chute according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of the cylindrical rubber air bags (4) are provided with stop valves (5) for filling or releasing gas, and a plurality of the ash chute pipes (2) are provided with through holes matched with the corresponding stop valves (5); the system still includes first spacing subassembly, first spacing subassembly include the looks adaptation set up in first spacing rubber circle (6) on cylindricality rubber gasbag (4) with set up in first spacing ring channel (7) on grey groove pipe (2), it is a plurality of all fixed cup joints on the both ends outer wall of cylindricality rubber gasbag (4) first spacing rubber circle (6), and a plurality of first spacing ring channel (7) are seted up respectively and are corresponded on the inner wall of grey groove pipe (2) and respectively with a plurality of the position of first spacing rubber circle (6) is corresponding, and is a plurality of first spacing rubber circle (6) are blocked respectively and are established and are corresponded in first spacing ring channel (7).
3. The pneumatic ash conveying system with the abrasion-resistant dense-phase ash chute according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of uniformly distributed mounting rings (8) are fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the ash conveying elbow (1), a plurality of snake bones (9) are respectively sleeved in the plurality of mounting rings (8) at corresponding positions, and two ends of the plurality of snake bones (9) respectively extend out of two sides of the ash conveying elbow (1); the arc-shaped rubber air bag (11) is consistent with the ash conveying bent pipe (1) in length and can deform along with bending of a plurality of snake bones (9), and the inner diameter of the arc-shaped rubber air bag (11) is equal to the inner diameter of the connecting rubber air bag (20);
still fixed mounting has a plurality of even packing rubber pieces (10) of distribution on the inner wall of defeated grey return bend (1), the length of packing rubber piece (10) with the length size of defeated grey return bend (1) equals, the thickness of packing rubber piece (10) with the external diameter size of snake bone (9) is unanimous, just the outer wall and a plurality of arc rubber gasbag (11) packing rubber piece (10) and the outer wall in close contact with of snake bone (9).
4. The pneumatic ash conveying system with the abrasion-resistant dense-phase ash chute according to claim 3, wherein a filling column (18) with the length consistent with that of the connecting pipe (3) is sleeved between the connecting pipe (3) and the connecting rubber air bag (20) at two ends, a plurality of uniformly distributed extending chutes (19) are formed at one end of each of the two filling columns (18), two ends of a plurality of snake bones (9) are fixedly sleeved in the corresponding extending chutes (19), and the ash chute pipe (2), the ash conveying bent pipe (1) and the connecting pipe (3) and the ash chute pipe (2) at adjacent sections are connected through flange plates; the inner wall of the two filling columns (18) is provided with a second limiting annular groove (22), the outer wall of the connecting rubber air bag (20) is fixedly sleeved with a second limiting rubber ring (21) matched with the second limiting annular groove (22) in position, and the second limiting rubber ring (21) is clamped in the corresponding second limiting annular groove (22).
5. The pneumatic ash conveying system with the abrasion-resistant dense-phase ash chute according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of uniformly distributed fixing rings (12) are fixedly connected to the outer walls of the two ends of the ash conveying elbow (1), the fixing rings (12) on the same side are internally sleeved with the same stressed metal ring (13), wherein two fixing rings (12) with the same height are also sleeved with connecting rings (14), one end of each of two variable-pitch sliding sleeves (15) is rotatably connected to the connecting ring (14) on the corresponding side, the two ends of each double-threaded screw (16) are respectively in threaded sleeve connection with the variable-pitch sliding sleeves (15) on the corresponding side, and the two variable-pitch sliding sleeves (15) are respectively matched with the corresponding ends of the double-threaded screws (16); the middle part of double-end screw (16) has still fixed the cup joint operation nut (17), operation nut (17) and both ends when displacement sliding sleeve (15) interval is the biggest, ash conveying return bend (1) is located initial condition and is the straight line and arranges.
6. The pneumatic ash conveying method with the abrasion-resistant dense-phase ash chute is applied to the pneumatic ash conveying system with the abrasion-resistant dense-phase ash chute according to any one of claims 1 to 5, and is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, discharging: when the level in the ash hopper (303) of an ash chute collecting device (30) of the system reaches the lowest discharge level, the dome valve (305) is opened, and the power pump (304) pressurizes the falling of the ash in the ash hopper (303) and enters the ash conveying bin (306);
s2, conveying: the remote central control single chip microcomputer controls the pneumatic supply device (31) to start, air is fed into an ash conveying bin (306) in the ash groove collecting device (30), the pressurizing pressure is adjusted, the electromagnetic valve (307) on the input end (301) of the corresponding ash groove collecting device (30) in the step S1 is opened, and the pressure sensor (308) monitors the pressure p at the t moment of the input gas at the input end (301) of the corresponding ash groove collecting device (30) in real time tg And the ultrasonic monitoring sensor monitors the moving speed v of the gas in the ash conveying bin (306) at the t moment in real time tg The pneumatic supply device (31) supplies the mass q of the added gas particles a A speed v of movement of the ash particles in the ash silo (306) tm Mass q of ash particles m And the pressure p to which the soot particles are subjected tm Establishing the critical moving speed v of the pneumatic ash conveying material a Calculating the moving turning speed v of the model and the pneumatic ash conveying material b Calculating a model to obtain the critical speed v of pneumatic ash conveying a And turning velocity v b ；
S3, adjusting the pressurizing pressure of the pneumatic supply device (31) and the mass of the ash material added into the ash conveying bin (306) by the ash hopper (303);
s4: determining a real-time ash travel speed v in an ash bin (306) of an ash chute collection device (30) im Whether the following pneumatic ash conveying material moving speed threshold ranges are met: v. of b ＜v tm ＜v a ；
S5: if so, judging that the ash in the ash chute collecting device (30) is in a concentrated phase ash conveying state at the moment, and discharging ash from the input end (301) of the ash chute collecting device (30) to the output end (302) of the ash chute collecting device (30), otherwise, repeating the steps S1-S4 to enable the ash in the ash conveying bin (306) in the ash chute collecting device (30) to be in a concentrated phase ash conveying state;
s6: when the ash in the ash conveying bin (306) is conveyed, the pressure of the ash conveying bin (306) is reduced; when the pressure in the ash conveying bin (306) is reduced to the lower limit pressure, the remote central control single chip microcomputer controls the pneumatic supply device (31) and the corresponding electromagnetic valve (307) to be closed, and the pneumatic ash conveying of the ash groove collecting device (30) is completed.
7. The pneumatic ash conveying method with a non-wearable dense-phase ash chute as claimed in claim 6, wherein the critical speed v of movement of the pneumatic ash conveying material constructed in the step S2 a The calculation model is as follows:
s.t.u a ＞0；
ρ a ＞0；
v tg ＞0；
v tm ＞0；
v obtained by solving tm Namely the moving critical speed v of the pneumatic ash conveying material a ；
Wherein,
is a gradient operator, and is used for respectively carrying out full differentiation of all directions on the three-dimensional space for the gas particles which are supplied and added by the pneumatic supply device (31);
in the silo (306) for the t-th momentVelocity v of gas movement tg The vector of (a);
is the moving speed v of the ash particles in the ash conveying bin (306) at the t-th moment tm The vector of (a); u. of a Supplying the pneumatic supply means (31) with a volume, p, of added gas particles a Supplying the density of the added gas particles to the pneumatic supply means (31); g is the acceleration of gravity; m tg The force coefficient of the gas and the ash particles in the ash conveying bin (306); t is the time length for supplying gas to the pneumatic supply device (31);
wherein q is m Is the mass of the ash particles in the ash silo (306), q a Supplying the pneumatic supply means (31) with the mass of gas particles added.
8. The pneumatic ash conveying method with a non-wearing dense-phase ash chute as claimed in claim 6, wherein the moving turning speed v of the pneumatic ash conveying material constructed in the step S2 b The calculation model is as follows:
s.t.u m ＞0；
ρ m ＞0；
v tg ＞0；
v tm ＞0；
v tm，i ＞0；
v tm，i+1 ＞0；
v obtained by solving tm，i I.e. the moving turning speed v of the pneumatic ash conveying material b ；
Wherein,
is a gradient operator, and is used for respectively carrying out full differentiation of all directions on the three-dimensional space for the gas particles which are supplied and added by the pneumatic supply device (31);
is the gas moving speed v in the ash conveying bin (306) at the t-th moment tg The vector of (a);
is the moving speed v of the ash particles in the ash conveying bin (306) at the t-th moment tm The vector of (a); u. of a Supplying the pneumatic supply means (31) with a volume, p, of added gas particles a Supplying the density of the added gas particles to the pneumatic supply means (31); g is the acceleration of gravity; m is a group of tg The force coefficient of the gas and the ash particles in the ash conveying bin (306); m tm The force coefficient of the ith ash particle and the (i + 1) th ash particle in the ash conveying bin (306); t is the time length for supplying gas to the pneumatic supply device (31);
for the moving speed v of the ith ash particle at time t tm，i The vector of (a) is determined,
the moving speed v of the i +1 st ash particle at the moment t tm，i+1 1,2,.., n; u. u m Is the volume, rho, of the ash particles in the ash conveying silo (306) m Is the density of the ash particles in the ash conveying bin (306);
wherein q is m Is ash particles in an ash conveying bin (306)Quality of (q) q a Supplying the mass of added gas particles to the pneumatic supply means (31).
9. The pneumatic ash conveying method with abrasion-proof dense-phase ash chute as claimed in claim 8, wherein the force coefficient M of the ith ash particle and the (i + 1) th ash particle in the ash conveying bin (306) tm The calculation formula of (a) is as follows:
wherein, sigma is a recovery constant after collision and friction among the ash particles, and sigma belongs to [0, 1 ]]，d tm，i The diameter of the ith ash particle at time t, d tm，i+1 Is the diameter of the +1 st ash particle at time t, G i，i+1 Is the friction coefficient between the ith ash particle and the (i + 1) th ash particle,
the moving speed v of the ith ash particle at the moment t tm，i Vector of (2)
The moving speed v of the i +1 th ash particle at the time t tm，i+1 Vector of (2)
Making a poor model.
10. Pneumatic ash conveying method with abrasion-proof dense-phase ash chute according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that the force coefficient M of gas and ash particles in the ash conveying silo (306) tg The calculation formula of (a) is as follows:
when u is a When the carbon content is more than 0.75,
when u is a When the content is less than or equal to 0.75,
wherein, C a，m Is the friction coefficient between the gas particles and the ash particles in the ash conveying bin (306),
the velocity v of the gas particles at time t tg Vector of (2)
The moving speed v of the ash particles at the time t tm Vector of (2)
Making a difference mould; d tm Is the diameter of the ash particles in the ash silo (306) at time t.
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