CN114987008A - Non-woven fabric with multi-stage gradient structure and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Non-woven fabric with multi-stage gradient structure and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114987008A
CN114987008A CN202210752097.6A CN202210752097A CN114987008A CN 114987008 A CN114987008 A CN 114987008A CN 202210752097 A CN202210752097 A CN 202210752097A CN 114987008 A CN114987008 A CN 114987008A
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fibers
layer
fiber
skin
flow guide
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CN202210752097.6A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
张建荣
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FOSHAN YUFENG NON-WOVEN FABRICS CO LTD
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FOSHAN YUFENG NON-WOVEN FABRICS CO LTD
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Publication of CN114987008A publication Critical patent/CN114987008A/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/022—Non-woven fabric
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/10—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the pressing technique, e.g. using action of vacuum or fluid pressure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/12—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by using adhesives
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
    • B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/26—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/02—Physical, chemical or physicochemical properties
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
    • B32B2262/0253—Polyolefin fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70—Other properties
    • B32B2307/714—Inert, i.e. inert to chemical degradation, corrosion
    • B32B2307/7145—Rot proof, resistant to bacteria, mildew, mould, fungi
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70—Other properties
    • B32B2307/728—Hydrophilic
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2555/00—Personal care
    • B32B2555/02—Diapers or napkins
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2321/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D10B2321/02—Fibres made from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds polyolefins
    • D10B2321/021—Fibres made from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds polyolefins polyethylene
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2321/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D10B2321/02—Fibres made from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds polyolefins
    • D10B2321/022—Fibres made from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds polyolefins polypropylene
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2331/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products
    • D10B2331/04—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products polyesters, e.g. polyethylene terephthalate [PET]

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a non-woven fabric with a multistage gradient structure and a preparation method thereof, wherein the non-woven fabric comprises a skin-friendly layer and a flow guide layer, the hydrophilicity of the flow guide layer is stronger than that of the skin-friendly layer, and the mass ratio of the skin-friendly layer to the flow guide layer is 1: 2-3; the skin-friendly layer is formed by laying multiple layers of fine fibers. According to the invention, the non-woven fabric is designed into a structure with a skin-friendly layer and a flow guide layer, wherein the hydrophilicity of the flow guide layer is stronger than that of the skin-friendly layer, and under the action of wettability gradient and gravity, liquid can flow from the non-hydrophilic end of the skin-friendly layer to the hydrophilic end of the flow guide layer, so that the liquid is reduced from back-permeating to the surface of the skin-friendly layer, thereby greatly reducing the back-permeating amount and improving the dryness.

Description

Non-woven fabric with multi-stage gradient structure and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of non-woven fabrics, in particular to a non-woven fabric with a multistage gradient structure and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The surface course material that sanitary towel, panty-shape diapers used in the market at present all is single material structure generally, and these surface course materials often can appear that the absorption rate is slow, the rewet volume is big, feel shortcomings such as fluffy inadequately, bring the experience sense that is not good for the user, consequently, design a novel surface course material, utilize the characteristic of difference between material and the material, the structure that forms between material and the material to improve above-mentioned problem that exists.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical defects in the background art, the invention provides a non-woven fabric with a multi-stage gradient structure and a preparation method thereof, which solve the technical problems and meet the actual requirements, and the specific technical scheme is as follows:
the non-woven fabric with the multistage gradient structure comprises a skin-friendly layer and a flow guide layer, wherein the hydrophilicity of the flow guide layer is stronger than that of the skin-friendly layer, and the mass ratio of the skin-friendly layer to the flow guide layer is 1: 2-3;
the skin-friendly layer is formed by laying a plurality of layers of fine fibers, and the fine fibers comprise the following components in parts by mass: 96-98% of polypropylene polymer and 2-4% of soft master batch;
the flow guide layer is formed by interweaving coarse fibers, antibacterial fibers and indicator fibers, wherein the coarse fibers comprise the following components in parts by mass: 40-50% of polyethylene polymer, 50-60% of polyester polymer and 0.2-0.3% of multi-time hydrophilic finishing agent.
Specifically, the fiber denier of the fine fiber is 1.6-1.8D, and the fiber denier of the coarse fiber is 2-2.2D.
Specifically, the skin-friendly layer is arranged into an upper layer structure and a lower layer structure, wherein the mass of the upper layer is smaller than that of the lower layer structure, and the fiber density of the upper layer is smaller than that of the lower layer structure.
Specifically, the mass ratio of the upper layer to the lower layer is 1: 1.5 to 2.
Specifically, the soft master batch is a polypropylene homopolymer, the fine fiber further comprises 0.01-0.5% of an additive, and the additive is oleamide.
Specifically, the fine fibers also comprise 0.5-1% of weak hydrophilic finishing agent, and the main components of the weak hydrophilic finishing agent and the multiple hydrophilic finishing agent are glyceryl stearate.
Specifically, the antibacterial fiber is prepared by mixing an inorganic antibacterial agent containing silver, copper or zinc ions into a fiber raw material and then spinning.
Specifically, the indicator fiber is prepared by soaking the fiber in litmus solution and drying.
A preparation method of non-woven fabric comprises the following steps:
preparation of the skin-friendly layer of S1: uniformly mixing a polypropylene polymer and soft master batches, transferring the mixture into a screw extruder for heating, uniformly mixing and distributing the heated and melted melt into a spinneret plate after filtering and metering, carrying out pressurized spinning on the melt to form nascent fiber, stretching the nascent fiber by a stretching device to obtain fine fiber, guiding the fine fiber to a net forming curtain, and forming a skin-friendly layer after thermal bonding;
s2 preparation of the flow guide layer: opening and mixing bicomponent fibers consisting of polyethylene polymers and polyester polymers, forming the fibers by spinning through a spinning machine, wrapping high-melting-point polyester serving as a core layer by low-melting-point polyethylene serving as a skin layer, forming a concentric circular structure on the cross section of the fibers, carding, peeling and transferring the carded fibers onto a carding doffer by a peeling roller, outputting the fibers in a fiber web mode, spraying a plurality of times of hydrophilic finishing agents on the fibers for hydrophilic treatment, heating and bonding the treated fiber web to obtain crude fibers, and interweaving the crude fibers with antibacterial fibers and indicator fibers to form a flow guide layer;
s3 bonding: and bonding the skin-friendly layer with the diversion layer.
Specifically, in step S1, the heating temperature is 210-240 ℃; pressurizing and spinning the melt at the pressure of 3-4 MPa to form nascent fibers; the hot rolling machine is adopted to carry out hot bonding at the temperature of 100-140 ℃ and the linear pressure of 50-50 MPa, so that the fine fibers are bonded in a staggered mode.
Specifically, in step S2, the fibers after opening and mixing are conveyed to a carding machine for carding, the speed of a working roller is 90-130 m/min, the speed of a cylinder is 1000-1100 m/min, most of the fibers are arranged along the output direction of the machine, and the number of the fibers in a fiber web is 6-6.5 in the longitudinal direction/the transverse direction; and (3) putting the treated fiber web into a drying oven at the temperature of 120-140 ℃ for hot air penetration bonding.
Specifically, in step S3, the water-based acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive is applied to the rougher surface of the flow guide layer by means of coating and gluing, and then bonded to the rougher surface of the skin-friendly layer, and the two are pressed together by a compound machine to obtain the non-woven fabric.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the non-woven fabric with the multi-stage gradient structure and the preparation method thereof, the non-woven fabric is designed into a structure with a skin-friendly layer and a flow guide layer, wherein the hydrophilicity of the flow guide layer is stronger than that of the skin-friendly layer, the skin-friendly layer is a non-hydrophilic end or a weak hydrophilic end, and the flow guide layer is a hydrophilic end or a strong hydrophilic end;
2. the application of the non-woven fabric can be applied to products such as paper diapers, antibacterial fibers and indicator fibers are added, and the antibacterial ability and the diaper indicating ability of the non-woven fabric are improved.
Detailed Description
The following description will be given of embodiments of the present invention with reference to the following examples, which are not intended to limit the present invention to the following examples, and the present invention relates to the related essential parts in the technical field, and it should be considered that the known technology in the technical field is known and understood by those skilled in the art.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a non-woven fabrics of multistage gradient structure, including close skin layer and water conservancy diversion layer, wherein close skin layer is not hydrophilic end, and water conservancy diversion layer is hydrophilic end, and close skin layer is 1 with water conservancy diversion layer's mass ratio: and 2-3, under the action of the wettability gradient and gravity, the liquid can flow to the hydrophilic end of the current guide layer from the non-hydrophilic end of the skin-friendly layer, so that the effect of liquid infiltration is achieved.
The skin-friendly layer is formed by weaving fine fibers and then laying the fine fibers in multiple layers, the fine fibers are prepared by mixing polypropylene polymers, soft master batches and additives, the denier number of the fibers is 1.6-1.8D, and the mass ratio is as follows: 97% of polypropylene polymer, 2.9% of soft master batch and 0.1% of additive. The carrier of the soft master batch is polypropylene homopolymer, the additive is oleamide, the main effective component is oleamide, intermolecular force between macromolecular chain segments is weakened through intervention of grease molecules, the chain segments are easy to move, and the skin-friendly layer becomes soft.
The preparation process of the skin-friendly layer is as follows: the polypropylene polymer and the soft master batch in the mass ratio are sucked into a screw extruder through a suction device to be heated, the heating temperature is 210-240 ℃, the melt after heating and melting is filtered and metered and then enters a spinning box body to be uniformly mixed and distributed into a spinneret plate, the melt is pressurized and spun under the pressure of 3-4 MPa to form nascent fiber, the nascent fiber is stretched by a drafting device to obtain fine fiber, the fiber denier is about 1.6-1.8D and is guided to a net forming curtain, in order to obtain thinner fiber with the same gram weight, the fiber distribution density is higher, the pore fineness of a skin-friendly layer is stronger, and further, the upper layer and the lower layer of the skin-friendly layer can be provided with an upper layer in mass ratio: the lower layer is 1: 2, the density of the fibers on the upper layer is smaller than that on the lower layer, so that a differential capillary effect is formed, and the liquid infiltration of the skin-friendly layer is further accelerated. Meanwhile, as the density of the upper layer of the skin-friendly layer is lower than that of the lower layer, the capillary action of the liquid from bottom to top is weakened, the back seepage amount can be effectively reduced, and the dryness is improved. And arranging two spinning main machines for spinning simultaneously, laying the obtained fibers on a net forming curtain in a laminating manner, conveying the net forming curtain into a hot rolling machine for thermal bonding at the temperature of 100-140 ℃ and the linear pressure of 50-50 MPa, and enabling the fine fibers and the fine fibers to be bonded in a staggered manner to form a skin-friendly layer.
The flow guide layer is formed by interweaving coarse fibers, antibacterial fibers and indicator fibers, and the number distribution ratio of the coarse fibers, the antibacterial fibers and the indicator fibers is as follows: 20-50: 1-2: 1, wherein the fiber denier of the coarse fibers, the antibacterial fibers and the indicator fibers is 2-2.2D, the arrangement direction of the coarse fibers is longitudinal arrangement, and the arrangement direction of the antibacterial fibers and the indicator fibers is transverse arrangement.
Wherein the crude fiber comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 45% of polyethylene polymer, 54.8% of polyester polymer and 0.2% of hydrophilic finishing agent, wherein the main effective component of the multiple hydrophilic finishing agent is glyceryl stearate, the hygroscopicity and the water absorbability of the fiber are increased by reducing the surface tension of the fiber surface, the non-woven fabric which is finished by the multiple hydrophilic finishing agents has strong multiple penetration capability, and the liquid surface is diffused; the antibacterial fiber comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 45% of polyethylene polymer, 54.8% of polyester polymer and 0.2% of silver ion antibacterial agent, and the antibacterial fiber has good antibacterial performance and can resist the attachment of bacteria on clothes, so that a user is far away from the invasion of germs; the indicator fiber is prepared by mixing and spinning 45% of polyethylene polymer and 55% of polyester polymer, then soaking in litmus solution and drying, and when the diaper is prepared by utilizing the principle that uric acid changes color when meeting the indicator, parents are reminded to change the diaper through color change.
The manufacturing process of the flow guide layer is as follows:
preparing coarse fiber: polyethylene polymer and polyester polymer constitute two ingredient fibre and open the mixture to through the spinning of spinning machine formation by high melting point polyester as the sandwich layer by the fibrous structure of polyethylene as the cortex parcel of low melting point, this fibre cross-section forms concentric circular structure, its fibre denier is 2~2.2D, and further fibre raw materials can adopt the big and better fibre of elasticity of wet modulus, thereby improve wet stability. The opened and mixed fibers are conveyed to a carding machine for carding, the speed of a working roller is adjusted to be 90-130 m/min, the speed of a cylinder is adjusted to be 1000-1100 m/min, most of the fibers are arranged along the output direction of the machine, the number of the fibers in a fiber web is about 6-6.5 fibers/mm in the longitudinal direction, the carded fibers are peeled by a peeling roller and transferred to a doffer, the fibers are output in the longitudinal arrangement mode, and the crude fibers are sprayed with a hydrophilic finishing agent for hydrophilic treatment.
Manufacturing antibacterial fibers: the polyester polymer and the silver ion antibacterial agent are uniformly mixed, then the polyester polymer and the polyethylene polymer form double-component fibers which are opened and mixed, a fiber structure which is formed by taking high-melting-point polyester as a core layer and polyethylene with low melting point as a skin layer is formed through spinning by a spinning machine, the cross section of the fiber forms a concentric circular structure, and the denier number of the fiber is 2-2.2D. The opened and mixed fibers are conveyed to a carding machine for carding, the speed of a working roller is adjusted to be 90-130 m/min, the speed of a cylinder is adjusted to be 1000-1100 m/min, most of the fibers are arranged along the output direction of the machine, the number of the fibers in a fiber web is about 0.2-0.25/mm in the transverse direction, the carded fibers are peeled by a peeling roller and transferred to a doffer, and the fibers are output in the transverse arrangement mode to prepare the antibacterial fibers.
Making indicator fiber: the polyethylene polymer and the polyester polymer form bicomponent fiber, the bicomponent fiber is opened and mixed, the fiber structure which is formed by spinning through a spinning machine and takes the high-melting-point polyester as a core layer and takes the low-melting-point polyethylene as a skin layer to wrap is formed, the fiber section forms a concentric circular structure, and the fiber denier is 2-2.2D. The opened and mixed fibers are conveyed to a carding machine for carding, the speed of a working roller is adjusted to be 90-130 m/min, the speed of a cylinder is adjusted to be 1000-1100 m/min, most of the fibers are arranged along the output direction of the machine, the number of the fibers in a fiber web is about 0.2-0.25/mm in the transverse direction, the carded fibers are peeled by a peeling roller and transferred to a doffer, the fibers are output in the transverse arrangement mode, then the fibers are soaked in litmus solution for 30min, and the indicator fibers are prepared after drying.
And fourthly, longitudinally arranging the coarse fibers, transversely arranging the antibacterial fibers and the indicator fibers to form a fiber web, putting the fiber web into a drying oven at the temperature of 120-140 ℃ for hot air penetration bonding, melting a part of the skin layer by utilizing the characteristic of low melting point of the outer layer, bonding the skin layer between the fibers, achieving the effect of fixing the web, and forming the flow guide layer.
Manufacturing the non-woven fabric with the multi-stage gradient structure:
and (2) bonding the skin-friendly layer and the flow guide layer, coating a water-based acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive on the flow guide layer in a coating and gluing mode, wherein the gluing amount is 1-2 g/square meter, covering the water-based acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive with the skin-friendly layer, and laminating the water-based acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive and the water-based acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive by a compound machine to obtain the non-woven fabric with the multistage gradient structure. The water-based acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive used in the method has good bonding performance, is quick to dry, is nontoxic and odorless, has excellent pressure-sensitive performance, and can be better glued due to the fluffy structure of the flow guide layer, so that the adhesive is coated on the rougher surface of the flow guide layer and is bonded with the rougher surface of the skin-friendly layer.
Testing one: the non-woven fabric with the multilevel gradient structure is prepared by the method, and the quantitative ratio is 20-28 g/square meter. The liquid penetration time and the rewet amount were measured according to the test standards of GB/T24218.13 and GB/T28004.1, and the test results are reported in Table 1 below, in comparison with a single material hydrophilic bulky nonwoven fabric and a hydrophilic thin nonwoven fabric of the same grammage:
TABLE 1 test results
Figure 169537DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
And (2) testing: the non-woven fabric with the multilevel gradient structure is prepared by the method, and the quantitative ratio is 20-28 g/square meter. The antibacterial performance test is carried out according to the test standard of GB/T20944.2-2007 evaluation of antibacterial performance of textiles, and compared with the hydrophilic fluffy non-woven fabric and the hydrophilic thin non-woven fabric which are made of single material and have the same gram weight, the test results are recorded as the following table 2:
TABLE 2 test results
Figure 148994DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
And (3) testing: the non-woven fabric with the multilevel gradient structure is prepared by the method, and the quantitative ratio is 20-28 g/square meter. The multi-level gradient nonwoven fabric was wetted with urine (Ph = 5.5) and tested for discoloration, as compared to a single material hydrophilic bulky nonwoven fabric and a hydrophilic thin nonwoven fabric of the same grammage, with the test results reported in table 3 below:
TABLE 3 test results
Figure 741781DEST_PATH_IMAGE006
As can be seen from the test results shown in tables 1-3, compared with a hydrophilic fluffy non-woven fabric made of a single material, the non-woven fabric made of the multi-level gradient structure has the advantages that the average return seepage amount is reduced by about 43%, the return seepage amount is greatly reduced, the dryness is improved, the non-woven fabric has good antibacterial property, and the principle that the color of uric acid changes when the uric acid meets an indicator is utilized, so that parents are reminded to change the diaper through the color change.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a non-woven fabrics of multistage gradient structure, including close skin layer and water conservancy diversion layer, wherein close skin layer is weak hydrophilic end, and water conservancy diversion layer is strong hydrophilic end, and close skin layer is 1 with water conservancy diversion layer's mass ratio: and 2-3, under the action of wettability gradient and gravity, the liquid can flow from the weak hydrophilic end of the skin-friendly layer to the strong hydrophilic end of the flow guide layer, so that the effect of liquid infiltration is achieved.
The skin-friendly layer is formed by weaving fine fibers and then laying the fine fibers in multiple layers, the fine fibers are prepared by mixing polypropylene polymers, soft master batches and weak hydrophilic finishing agents, the denier number of the fibers is 1.6-1.8D, and the mass ratio is as follows: 97% of polypropylene polymer, 2.5% of soft master batch and 0.5% of weak hydrophilic finishing agent. The carrier of the soft master batch is polypropylene homopolymer, the main effective component of the weak hydrophilic finishing agent is glyceryl stearate, the surface tension of the fiber surface is reduced, the hygroscopicity and the water absorbability of the fiber are increased, the non-woven fabric liquid after being finished by the weak hydrophilic finishing agent has good vertical infiltration effect, the surface is not diffused, and the non-woven fabric liquid penetrates to the lower layer to be diffused.
The manufacturing process of the skin-friendly layer is as follows: the polypropylene polymer and the soft master batch in the mass ratio are sucked into a screw extruder through a suction device to be heated, the heating temperature is 210-240 ℃, the melt after heating and melting is filtered and metered and then enters a spinning box body to be uniformly mixed and distributed into a spinneret plate, the melt is pressurized and spun under the pressure of 3-4 MPa to form nascent fiber, the nascent fiber is stretched by a drafting device to obtain fine fiber, the fiber denier is about 1.6-1.8D and is guided to a net forming curtain, in order to obtain thinner fiber with the same gram weight, the fiber distribution density is higher, the pore fineness of a skin-friendly layer is stronger, and further, the upper layer and the lower layer of the skin-friendly layer can be provided with an upper layer in mass ratio: the lower layer is 1: 1.5-2, the fiber density of the upper layer is smaller than that of the lower layer, a differential capillary effect is formed, and liquid infiltration of the skin-friendly layer is further accelerated. Meanwhile, as the density of the upper layer of the skin-friendly layer is lower than that of the lower layer, the capillary action of the liquid from bottom to top is weakened, the back seepage amount can be effectively reduced, and the dryness is improved. And arranging two spinning main machines for spinning simultaneously, laying the obtained fibers on a net forming curtain in a laminating manner, conveying the net forming curtain into a hot rolling machine for thermal bonding at the temperature of 100-140 ℃ and the linear pressure of 50-50 MPa, enabling the fine fibers and the fine fibers to be bonded in a staggered manner, and spraying a hydrophilic finishing agent on the fibers for hydrophilic treatment to form a skin-friendly layer.
The flow guide layer is formed by interweaving coarse fibers, antibacterial fibers and indicator fibers, and the distribution ratio of the coarse fibers, the antibacterial fibers and the indicator fibers is as follows: 20-50: 1-2: 1, wherein the fiber denier of the coarse fibers, the antibacterial fibers and the indicator fibers is 2-2.2D, the arrangement direction of the coarse fibers is longitudinal arrangement, and the arrangement direction of the antibacterial fibers and the indicator fibers is transverse arrangement.
Wherein the crude fiber comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 45% of polyethylene polymer, 54.8% of polyester polymer and 0.2% of hydrophilic finishing agent, wherein the main effective component of the multiple hydrophilic finishing agent is glyceryl stearate, the hygroscopicity and the water absorption of the fiber are increased by reducing the surface tension of the fiber surface, the multiple penetration capacity of the non-woven fabric finished by the multiple hydrophilic finishing agents is strong, and the liquid surface is diffused; the antibacterial fiber comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 45% of polyethylene polymer, 54.8% of polyester polymer and 0.2% of copper ion antibacterial agent, and the antibacterial fiber has good antibacterial performance and can resist the adhesion of bacteria on clothes, so that a user is far away from the invasion of pathogenic bacteria; the indicator fiber is prepared by mixing and spinning 45% of polyethylene polymer and 55% of polyester polymer, then soaking in litmus solution and drying, and when the diaper is prepared by utilizing the principle that uric acid changes color when meeting the indicator, parents are reminded to change the diaper through color change.
The manufacturing process of the flow guide layer is as follows:
preparing coarse fiber: polyethylene polymer and polyester polymer constitute two ingredient fibre and open the mixture to through the spinning of spinning machine formation by high melting point polyester as the sandwich layer by the fibrous structure of polyethylene as the cortex parcel of low melting point, this fibre cross-section forms concentric circular structure, its fibre denier is 2~2.2D, and further fibre raw materials can adopt the big and better fibre of elasticity of wet modulus, thereby improve wet stability. The fibers after opening and mixing are conveyed to a carding machine for carding, the speed of a working roller is adjusted to be 90-130 m/min, the speed of a cylinder is adjusted to be 1000-1100 m/min, most of the fibers are arranged along the output direction of the machine, the number of the fibers in a fiber web is about 6-6.5/mm in the longitudinal direction, the fibers after carding are peeled by a peeling roller and transferred to a doffer, the fibers are output in the longitudinal arrangement mode, and the crude fibers are sprayed with a hydrophilic finishing agent for hydrophilic treatment.
Manufacturing antibacterial fibers: the polyester polymer and the copper ion antibacterial agent are uniformly mixed, then the polyester polymer and the polyethylene polymer form double-component fibers which are opened and mixed, a fiber structure which is formed by taking high-melting-point polyester as a core layer and polyethylene with low melting point as a skin layer to wrap is formed through spinning by a spinning machine, the cross section of the fiber forms a concentric circular structure, and the fiber denier is 2-2.2D. And conveying the opened and mixed fibers into a carding machine for carding, adjusting the speed of a working roller to be 90-130 m/min and the speed of a cylinder to be 1000-1100 m/min, arranging most of the fibers along the output direction of the machine, enabling the number of the fibers in a fiber web to be about 0.2-0.25/mm in the transverse direction, peeling the carded fibers by a peeling roller, transferring the fibers to a doffer, and outputting the fibers in the transverse arrangement mode to prepare the antibacterial fibers.
Thirdly, manufacturing indicator fiber: the polyethylene polymer and the polyester polymer form bicomponent fibers, the bicomponent fibers are loosened and mixed, a spinning machine is used for spinning to form a fiber structure with high-melting-point polyester as a core layer and low-melting-point polyethylene as a skin layer, the cross section of the fiber forms a concentric circular structure, and the denier number of the fiber is 2-2.2D. The fibers after opening and mixing are conveyed to a carding machine for carding, the speed of a working roller is adjusted to be 90-130 m/min, the speed of a cylinder is adjusted to be 1000-1100 m/min, most of the fibers are arranged along the output direction of the machine, the number of the fibers in a fiber web is about 0.2-0.25/mm in the transverse direction, the fibers after carding are peeled by a peeling roller and transferred to a doffer, the fibers are output in the transverse arrangement mode, then the fibers are soaked in litmus solution for 30min, and then the indicator fibers are prepared after drying.
And fourthly, longitudinally arranging the coarse fibers, transversely arranging the antibacterial fibers and the indicator fibers to form a fiber web, putting the fiber web into a drying oven at the temperature of 120-140 ℃ for hot air penetration bonding, melting a part of the skin layer by utilizing the characteristic of low melting point of the outer layer, bonding the skin layer between the fibers, achieving the effect of fixing the web, and forming the flow guide layer.
Manufacturing the non-woven fabric with the multi-stage gradient structure:
and (2) bonding the skin-friendly layer and the flow guide layer, coating a water-based acrylic acid pressure-sensitive adhesive on the flow guide layer in a coating and gluing mode, wherein the gluing amount is 1-2 g/square meter, covering the skin-friendly layer on the water-based acrylic acid pressure-sensitive adhesive, and laminating the skin-friendly layer and the flow guide layer through a compound machine to obtain the non-woven fabric with the multistage gradient structure. The water-based acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive used in the method has good bonding performance, is quick to dry, is nontoxic and odorless, has excellent pressure-sensitive performance, and can be better glued due to the fluffy structure of the flow guide layer, so that the adhesive is coated on the rougher surface of the flow guide layer and is bonded with the rougher surface of the skin-friendly layer.
Testing one: the non-woven fabric with the multilevel gradient structure is prepared by the method, and the quantitative ratio is 20-28 g/square meter. The liquid penetration time and the rewet amount were measured according to the test standards of GB/T24218.13 and GB/T28004.1, and the test results are reported in Table 4 below, in comparison with a single material hydrophilic bulky nonwoven fabric and a hydrophilic thin nonwoven fabric of the same grammage:
TABLE 4 test results
Figure 199307DEST_PATH_IMAGE008
And (2) testing: the non-woven fabric with the multilevel gradient structure is prepared by the method, and the quantitative ratio is 20-28 g/square meter. The antibacterial performance test is carried out according to the test standard of GB/T20944.2-2007 evaluation of antibacterial performance of textiles, and compared with the hydrophilic fluffy non-woven fabric and the hydrophilic thin non-woven fabric which are made of single material and have the same gram weight, the test results are recorded as the following table 5:
TABLE 5 test results
Figure 325263DEST_PATH_IMAGE010
And (3) testing: the non-woven fabric with the multilevel gradient structure is prepared by the method, and the quantitative ratio is 20-28 g/square meter. The multi-level gradient nonwoven fabric is wetted by urine (Ph = 5.5), the discoloration condition of the multi-level gradient nonwoven fabric is tested, and compared with the hydrophilic bulky nonwoven fabric and the hydrophilic thin nonwoven fabric which are made of a single material and have the same gram weight, the test results are recorded as the following table 6:
TABLE 6 test results
Figure 210043DEST_PATH_IMAGE006
As can be seen from the test results shown in tables 4-6, compared with the hydrophilic fluffy nonwoven fabric made of a single material, the average return seepage amount of the nonwoven fabric made of the multi-level gradient structure is reduced by about 41%, the return seepage amount is greatly reduced, the dryness is improved, the nonwoven fabric has good antibacterial property, and the principle that the color of uric acid changes when encountering an indicator is utilized to remind parents of changing the diaper.
Referring to the test results of tables 1 and 6, the nonwoven fabrics manufactured according to examples 1 and 2 were compared with the hydrophilic thin nonwoven fabric of a single material, and it was found that the amount of back leakage was the least in example 1, and the difference between each two was within 5% in the following examples 2 and 2.
According to the comparison of the liquid penetration times of the three, the average liquid penetration time of the nonwoven fabric prepared in example 2 is slightly faster, and the difference between the two of the hydrophilic thin nonwoven fabric, the nonwoven fabric prepared in example 1 and the hydrophilic bulky nonwoven fabric is within about 5%.
In summary, the liquid penetration time and the amount of the back-permeation in the examples 1 and 2 are relatively equal to those of the hydrophilic thin nonwoven fabric, and the difference is within 5%; compared with the hydrophilic fluffy non-woven fabric, the liquid penetration time of the non-woven fabric in the embodiment 1 and the embodiment 2 is slightly faster, but the back seepage amount is obviously reduced by about 41-43%.
Therefore, the gradient structure non-woven fabrics manufactured by the two embodiments have the advantages of the hydrophilic thin non-woven fabrics and the hydrophilic fluffy non-woven fabrics, the hydrophilic thin non-woven fabrics have the advantages of fluffy and soft hand feeling and cotton feeling, and the hydrophilic fluffy non-woven fabrics greatly reduce the back seepage amount and improve the dryness. The non-woven fabric with the multi-stage gradient structure, which has fluffy and soft hand feeling, cotton feeling, high absorption speed and less back seepage amount, can be prepared.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The non-woven fabric with the multistage gradient structure is characterized by comprising a skin-friendly layer and a flow guide layer, wherein the hydrophilicity of the flow guide layer is stronger than that of the skin-friendly layer, and the mass ratio of the skin-friendly layer to the flow guide layer is 1: 2-3;
the skin-friendly layer is formed by laying a plurality of layers of fine fibers, and the fine fibers comprise the following components in parts by mass: 96-98% of polypropylene polymer and 2-4% of soft master batch;
the flow guide layer is formed by interweaving coarse fibers, antibacterial fibers and indicator fibers, wherein the coarse fibers comprise the following components in parts by mass: 40-50% of polyethylene polymer, 50-60% of polyester polymer and 0.2-0.3% of multi-time hydrophilic finishing agent.
2. The nonwoven fabric with a multilevel gradient structure according to claim 1, wherein the fine fiber has a fiber denier of 1.6 to 1.8D, and the coarse fiber has a fiber denier of 2 to 2.2D.
3. The nonwoven fabric of claim 1, wherein the skin-friendly layer is formed in a two-layer structure, wherein the upper layer has a lower mass than the lower layer, and the upper layer has a lower fiber density than the lower layer.
4. The nonwoven fabric with a multilevel gradient structure according to claim 3, wherein the mass ratio of the upper layer to the lower layer is 1: 1.5 to 2.
5. The non-woven fabric with the multilevel gradient structure according to claim 1, wherein the soft master batch is a polypropylene homopolymer, the fine fiber further comprises 0.01-0.5% of an additive, and the additive is oleamide.
6. The non-woven fabric with the multilevel gradient structure according to claim 1, wherein the fine fibers further comprise 0.5-1% of weak hydrophilic finishing agent, and the main components of the weak hydrophilic finishing agent and the multiple hydrophilic finishing agent are glyceryl stearate.
7. The nonwoven fabric having a multi-step gradient structure according to claim 1, wherein the antibacterial fiber is prepared by mixing an inorganic antibacterial agent containing silver, copper or zinc ions into a fiber raw material and spinning the fiber raw material.
8. The nonwoven fabric of claim 1, wherein the indicator fiber is prepared by immersing the fiber in litmus solution and drying.
9. A method for preparing the non-woven fabric according to any one of claims 1 to 8, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
preparation of the skin-friendly layer of S1: uniformly mixing a polypropylene polymer and soft master batches, transferring the mixture into a screw extruder for heating, uniformly mixing and distributing the heated and melted melt into a spinneret plate after filtering and metering, carrying out pressurized spinning on the melt to form nascent fiber, stretching the nascent fiber by a stretching device to obtain fine fiber, guiding the fine fiber to a net forming curtain, and forming a skin-friendly layer after thermal bonding;
s2 preparation of the flow guide layer: opening and mixing bicomponent fibers consisting of polyethylene polymers and polyester polymers, forming the fibers by spinning through a spinning machine, wrapping high-melting-point polyester serving as a core layer by low-melting-point polyethylene serving as a skin layer, forming a concentric circular structure on the cross section of the fibers, carding, peeling and transferring the carded fibers onto a carding doffer by a peeling roller, outputting the fibers in a fiber web mode, spraying a plurality of times of hydrophilic finishing agents on the fibers for hydrophilic treatment, heating and bonding the treated fiber web to obtain crude fibers, and interweaving the crude fibers with antibacterial fibers and indicator fibers to form a flow guide layer;
s3 bonding: and bonding the skin-friendly layer with the diversion layer.
10. The method for preparing a nonwoven fabric according to claim 9, wherein:
in step S1, the heating temperature is 210-240 ℃; pressurizing and spinning the melt at the pressure of 3-4 MPa to form nascent fibers; hot bonding is carried out by adopting a hot rolling mill at the temperature of 100-140 ℃ and the linear pressure of 50-50 MPa, so that the fine fibers are bonded in a staggered manner;
in the step S2, the opened and mixed fibers are conveyed to a carding machine for carding, the speed of a working roller is 90-130 m/min, the speed of a cylinder is 1000-1100 m/min, most of the fibers are arranged along the output direction of the machine, and the number of the fibers in a fiber web is 6-6.5 in the longitudinal direction/the transverse direction; the treated fiber web enters a drying oven at the temperature of 120-140 ℃ for hot air penetration bonding;
in step S3, the aqueous acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive is applied to the rougher surface of the flow guide layer by coating and gluing, and then bonded to the rougher surface of the skin-friendly layer, and the two are pressed together by a compound machine to obtain the non-woven fabric.
CN202210752097.6A 2022-06-29 2022-06-29 Non-woven fabric with multi-stage gradient structure and preparation method thereof Pending CN114987008A (en)

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