CN114986998A - Laminated glass, windshield assembly and vehicle - Google Patents
Laminated glass, windshield assembly and vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- CN114986998A CN114986998A CN202210572499.8A CN202210572499A CN114986998A CN 114986998 A CN114986998 A CN 114986998A CN 202210572499 A CN202210572499 A CN 202210572499A CN 114986998 A CN114986998 A CN 114986998A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
- B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
- B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/08—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of cellulosic plastic substance or gelatin
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
- B32B17/1077—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer containing polyurethane
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
- B32B17/10788—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer containing ethylene vinylacetate
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B33/00—Layered products characterised by particular properties or particular surface features, e.g. particular surface coatings; Layered products designed for particular purposes not covered by another single class
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60J—WINDOWS, WINDSCREENS, NON-FIXED ROOFS, DOORS, OR SIMILAR DEVICES FOR VEHICLES; REMOVABLE EXTERNAL PROTECTIVE COVERINGS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES
- B60J1/00—Windows; Windscreens; Accessories therefor
- B60J1/001—Double glazing for vehicles
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Joining Of Glass To Other Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of vehicles, in particular to a laminated glass, a windshield assembly and a vehicle. The laminated glass comprises an outer glass plate, a bonding layer and an inner glass plate; the bond layer comprising a first bond region, a transitional bond region and a second bond region, the transitional bond region being located between the first bond region and the second bond region, and the transitional bond region separating the first bond region and the second bond region; the first bonding region has a first transmittance TL1 for near infrared rays in a wavelength range of 1450nm to 1650nm, and the second bonding region has a second transmittance TL2 for near infrared rays in a wavelength range of 1450nm to 1650nm, wherein TL1 > TL 2. The laminated glass can improve or even eliminate splicing marks.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of vehicles, in particular to a laminated glass, a windshield assembly and a vehicle.
Background
With the continuous development of the vehicle field, the road traffic safety is more and more concerned. In some vehicles, an optical detector can be placed behind the windshield, and potential dangerous conditions and obstacles in the driving process of the vehicle can be detected in time through working light rays emitted by the optical detector.
However, the optical detector requires that the windshield have proper transparency to the emitted working light, and the interlayer material of the windshield does not cause extra light absorption to interfere with the normal operation of the optical detector, which is not met by conventional windshields, and if a part of the interlayer material of the windshield is replaced by other material, a part of the area of the windshield can meet the transmission and normal operation requirements of the working light of the optical detector, which can cause obvious splicing marks at the interlayer material replacement junction of the windshield, and the splicing marks can be easily detected by the inside and the outside of the vehicle, which causes poor appearance, even obvious optical deformation, and in extreme cases, the signal path of the detector is deviated to fail.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on this, the invention provides a laminated glass, a windshield assembly and a vehicle. The laminated glass can improve or even eliminate splicing marks when working light penetrating through the optical device does not interfere with normal work of the optical device.
The invention provides a laminated glass, which comprises an outer glass plate, a bonding layer and an inner glass plate; the bonding layer is positioned between the outer glass plate and the inner glass plate;
the bond layer comprising a first bond region, a transitional bond region and a second bond region, the transitional bond region being located between the first bond region and the second bond region, and the transitional bond region separating the first bond region and the second bond region;
the first bonding region has a first transmittance TL1 for near infrared rays in a wavelength range of 1450nm to 1650nm, and the second bonding region has a second transmittance TL2 for near infrared rays in a wavelength range of 1450nm to 1650nm, wherein TL1 > TL 2.
In some of these embodiments, the material of the first bond region is a first material, the material of the second bond region is a second material, and the material of the transitional bond region includes the first material and the second material.
In some of these embodiments, the first material is selected from one or more of ethylene vinyl acetate, polyethylene octene co-elastomer, cyclic olefin polymer, thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer (TPU), and cellulose Triacetate (TAC).
In some of these embodiments, the second material is selected from one or more of polyvinyl butyral (PVB), Ethylene Vinyl Acetate (EVA), and an ionic interlayer film (SGP).
In some of these embodiments, at least a portion of an edge of the first bond region coincides with a portion of an edge of the transitional bond region.
In some of these embodiments, a portion of the edge of the first bond region coincides with a portion of the edge of the transitional bond region, with the remaining portion of the edge of the first bond region being part of the bond layer edge.
In some of these embodiments, the transition bond region is disposed around the first bond region and the second bond region is disposed around the transition bond region.
In some of these embodiments, the ratio of the total mass of the first material to the second material in the transitional bonding region is (1.5-3.5): 1.
in some embodiments, the structure of the transition bonding region comprises a mixed material layer prepared by mixing the first material and the second material.
In some of the embodiments, the structure of the transitional bonding region includes a first material layer and a second material layer laminated in a thickness direction of the laminated glass, the first material layer being made of the first material, and the second material layer being made of the second material.
In some embodiments, the thickness of the first material layer in the transition bond region becomes gradually smaller and the thickness of the second material layer in the transition bond region becomes gradually larger in a direction from the first bond region to the second bond region.
In some of these embodiments, the first bonding region has a thickness equal to or greater than a thickness of the second bonding region.
In some of these embodiments, α is defined 1 、α 2 、α 3 The absorption rates of the first bonding area, the transition bonding area and the second bonding area to light when near infrared rays with the wavelength of 1450nm to 1650nm are vertically incident respectively; alpha is alpha 1 、α 2 、α 3 Satisfies the following conditions: alpha (alpha) ("alpha") 1 ＜α 2 ≤α 3 ，α 1 ≤5％，5％＜α 2 ≤10％，α 3 ＞5％。
In some of these embodiments, β is defined 1 、β 2 、β 3 When the near infrared rays with the wavelength of 1450nm to 1650nm are incident at an incident angle of 45-75 degrees, the first bonding area, the transition bonding area and the second bonding area have the absorptivity to light; beta is a beta 1 、β 2 And beta 3 Satisfies the following conditions: beta is a 1 ＜β 2 ≤β 3 ，β 1 ≤10％，10％＜β 2 ≤15％，β 3 ＞10％。
In some of these embodiments, the outer glass sheet and/or the inner glass sheet has a transmittance of 91% or more for near infrared rays having a wavelength of 800nm to 1600 nm.
In some of these embodiments, the laminated glass further comprises an insulating layer located between the outer glass sheet and the inner glass sheet, and the insulating layer has an opening exposing the first bonding region.
In some of these embodiments, the boundary of the opening of the insulation layer is located within the transition bond region.
In some of the embodiments, the laminated glass further comprises a shielding layer, and the shielding film is positioned between the outer glass plate and the inner glass plate and positioned in the peripheral area of the laminated glass.
A second aspect of the invention provides a windscreen assembly comprising an optical detector and a laminated glass as described above; the working light that optical detector sent all can see through first bonding area, and does not contact transition bonding area and second bonding area.
A third aspect of the invention provides a vehicle comprising a vehicle body and the above laminated glass or the above windscreen assembly.
Compared with the traditional scheme, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the bonding layer of the laminated glass is provided with a first bonding area, a transition bonding area and a second bonding area. Wherein, the near infrared to 1450nm-1650nm wavelength range of first bonding region has transmissivity TL1 and is greater than the transmissivity TL2 of second bonding region, at this moment, first bonding region can be used to see through optical device's working light and does not disturb its normal work, transition bonding region separates first bonding region and second bonding region, avoid first bonding region and second bonding region direct linking to each other, improve and avoid appearing the concatenation vestige even, reach whole unified outward appearance effect, also avoid optical deformation, avoid optical device signal path strength skew and inefficacy.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic top cross-sectional view of a laminated glass structure according to an embodiment;
FIG. 2 is an elevation view of an embodiment of a laminated glass bonding layer;
FIG. 3 is a front view of an embodiment of a laminated glass bonding layer;
FIG. 4 is an elevation view of a laminated glass bonding layer of an embodiment;
FIG. 5 is a front view of a laminated glass bonding layer according to one embodiment;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a transition bond region side view in cross-section according to an embodiment;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a transition bond region side view in cross-section according to an embodiment;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a transition bond region side view in cross-section according to an embodiment;
FIG. 9 is a schematic top cross-sectional view of one embodiment of a windshield assembly configuration.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific examples. The present invention may be embodied in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention.
Term(s)
Unless otherwise stated or contradicted, terms or phrases used herein have the following meanings:
in the present invention, the numerical range is defined to include both end points of the numerical range unless otherwise specified.
In the present invention, "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature.
In the present invention, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may be directly contacting the second feature or the first and second features may be indirectly contacting each other through intervening media. Also, a first feature "on," "above," and "over" a second feature may be directly on or obliquely above the second feature, or simply mean that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature may be directly under or obliquely under the first feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
In the present invention, "layer" may be understood as a single layer, or an overlap of multiple layers.
In the present invention, the thickness is a physical thickness.
In the present invention, the incident angle is an angle between the working light generated by the optical device and a surface normal of the fourth surface when the working light is incident on the fourth surface of the laminated glass.
The problem of poor external light caused by splicing marks of the windshield is solved in order to solve the problem that the traditional windshield cannot meet the use requirement of an optical detector or solve the problem that the traditional windshield meets the use requirement of the optical detector. In a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a laminated glass, in one embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, a laminated glass 01 comprises an outer glass plate 10, a shielding layer 11, a heat insulating layer 12, an adhesive layer 13, and an inner glass plate 14.
Wherein, the outer glass plate 10 and the inner glass plate 14 can be both infrared high-transmittance glass, and optionally, the transmittance of the outer glass plate 10 to the near infrared rays with the wavelength of 800nm-1600nm is more than or equal to 91%. The transmittance of the inner glass plate 14 to near infrared rays having a wavelength of 800nm to 1600nm is 91% or more.
Further, the outer glass sheet 10 and the inner glass sheet 14 may each be made of ultra-transparent glass with a low iron content (iron content ≦ 0.015%), such as: soda-lime-silica ultratransparent glass, borosilicate glass, high-alumina glass and the like.
Optionally, the thickness of the outer glass sheet 10 is not less than the thickness of the inner glass sheet 14.
In this embodiment, the outer glass pane 10 has a first surface 101 and a second surface 102, the inner glass pane 14 has a third surface 141 and a fourth surface 142, and the adhesive layer 13 is located between the second surface 102 of the outer glass pane 10 and the third surface 141 of the inner glass pane 14.
In the invention, the bonding layer comprises a first bonding area, a transition bonding area and a second bonding area, the transition bonding area is positioned between the first bonding area and the second bonding area, and the transition bonding area separates the first bonding area from the second bonding area, so that the splicing trace caused by direct connection of the first bonding area and the second bonding area is avoided.
Optionally, at least a portion of the edge of the first bond region coincides with a portion of the edge of the transition bond region.
In this embodiment, the transitional bond region is disposed around the first bond region and the second bond region is disposed around the transitional bond region. At this time, all the borderlines of the first bonding region coincide with a part of the borderlines of the transition bonding region. In connection with fig. 2, the bonding layer 13 includes a first bonding region 131, a transition bonding region 132 and a second bonding region 133, wherein the transition bonding region 132 is located between the first bonding region 131 and the second bonding region 133, the first bonding region 131 is a quadrangle, the transition bonding region 132 surrounds the first bonding region 131, and the second bonding region 133 surrounds the transition bonding region 132. Specifically, all the borderlines of the first bonding region 131 coincide with the inner edge line of the transition bonding region 132, the outer borderline of the transition bonding region 132 coincides with the inner edge line of the second bonding region 133, and the outer borderline of the second bonding region 133 serves as the borderline of the bonding layer 13.
In other embodiments, a portion of the edge of the first bond region coincides with a portion of the edge of the transitional bond region, with the remaining portion of the edge of the first bond region serving as part of the edge of the bond layer.
For example, in connection with fig. 3, the adhesive layer 23 comprises a first adhesive bonding area 231, a transition adhesive bonding area 232 and a second adhesive bonding area 233, the transition adhesive bonding area 232 is located between the first adhesive bonding area 231 and the second adhesive bonding area 233, the first adhesive bonding area 231 has a quadrilateral shape with four edges, the first adhesive bonding area 231 has one edge coinciding with one edge of the transition adhesive bonding area 232, and the remaining three edges of the first adhesive bonding area 231 are part of the edges of the adhesive layer 23. Specifically, the other edge of the transition bonding region 232 coincides with one edge of the second bonding region 233, and the remaining two edges of the transition bonding region 232 and the remaining three edges of the second bonding region 233 are all used as a part of the edges of the bonding layer 23.
For example, with reference to fig. 4, the adhesive layer 33 includes a first adhesive region 331, a transition adhesive region 332 and a second adhesive region 333, the transition adhesive region 332 is located between the first adhesive region 331 and the second adhesive region 333, the first adhesive region 331 has a quadrilateral shape with four edges, a first edge of the first adhesive region 331 coincides with an edge of the transition adhesive region 332, a second edge of the first adhesive region 331 coincides with another edge of the transition adhesive region 332, and the remaining two edges of the first adhesive region 331 serve as part of the edges of the adhesive layer 33. Specifically, a first borderline of the first bonding area 331 coincides with a borderline of the upper transition bonding area 332, another borderline of the upper transition bonding area 332 coincides with a borderline of the upper second bonding area 333, and the remaining two borderlines of the upper transition bonding area 332 and the remaining three borderlines of the upper second bonding area 333 are all used as part of borderlines of the bonding layer 33; a second edge line of the first bonding area 331 coincides with an edge line of the lower transition bonding area 332, another edge line of the lower transition bonding area 332 coincides with an edge line of the lower second bonding area 333, and the remaining two edge lines of the lower transition bonding area 332 and the remaining three edge lines of the lower second bonding area 333 are also part of the edge lines of the bonding layer 33.
For example, in connection with fig. 5, the adhesive layer 43 includes a first adhesive bonding area 431, a transitional adhesive bonding area 432 and a second adhesive bonding area 433, the transitional adhesive bonding area 432 is located between the first adhesive bonding area 431 and the second adhesive bonding area 433, the first adhesive bonding area 431 has a quadrilateral shape with four edges, a first edge of the first adhesive bonding area 431 coincides with one edge of the transitional adhesive bonding area 432, a second edge of the first adhesive bonding area 431 coincides with another edge of the transitional adhesive bonding area 432, a third edge of the first adhesive bonding area 431 coincides with another edge of the transitional adhesive bonding area 432, and a remaining edge of the first adhesive bonding area 431 serves as a part of the edges of the adhesive layer 43. Specifically, the other three borderlines of the transition bonding area 432 coincide with the three borderlines of the second bonding area 433, and the remaining two borderlines of the transition bonding area 432 and the remaining five borderlines of the second bonding area 433 are all part of the borderlines of the bonding layer 43.
It will be appreciated that the first bonded area may be other closed shapes, such as circles, other polygons (triangles, trapezoids, parallelograms, pentagons, stars, etc.) or other irregular shapes in other embodiments, in addition to being quadrilateral.
Optionally, the first bonding region has a first transmittance TL1 for near infrared rays in the wavelength range of 1450nm to 1650nm, and the second bonding region has a second transmittance TL2 for near infrared rays in the wavelength range of 1450nm to 1650nm, wherein TL1 > TL 2. In this case, the first adhesive region is available for transmitting operating light through the optical device without interfering with its normal operation.
Optionally, the material of the first bonding zone is a first material, the material of the second bonding zone is a second material, and the material of the transitional bonding zone comprises the first material and the second material.
The material of transition bonding area includes the first material of first bonding area and the second material of second bonding area, can improve and avoid appearing the concatenation vestige even, reaches whole unified outward appearance effect, also avoids optical deformation, avoids optical device signal path strength skew and inefficacy.
Optionally, the first material is selected from one or more of ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer, polyethylene octene co-elastomer, cyclic olefin polymer, thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer (TPU) and cellulose triacetate ester (TAC), taking good splicing properties into account. Optionally, the second material is selected from one or more of polyvinyl butyral (PVB), ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) and ionic interlayer (SGP).
Optionally, the ratio of the total mass of the first material to the second material in the transitional bonding zone is (1.5-3.5): 1.
specifically, the structure of the transition bonding region may be as follows:
the first method comprises the following steps: the structure of the transition bonding area comprises a mixed material layer, and the mixed material layer is prepared by mixing the first material and the second material.
And the second method comprises the following steps: the structure of transition bonding area includes first material layer and the second material layer of range upon range of in laminated glass's thickness direction, first material layer by first material preparation forms, the second material layer by the second material preparation forms.
Optionally, the first material layer and the second material layer may be stacked such that the first material layer is located on the second material layer, the second material layer is located on the first material layer, or the first material layer and the second material layer are stacked alternately.
Further alternatively, the transitional bonding zone may be configured as: in a direction from the first bond region to the second bond region, the thickness of the first material layer in the transition bond region becomes progressively smaller and the thickness of the second material layer in the transition bond region becomes progressively larger. In the present embodiment, referring to fig. 6, the first material layer has a thicker thickness near the first bonding region 131, a gradient of the first material layer thickness becomes thinner in a direction from the first bonding region 131 to the second bonding region 133, and a thinner thickness near the second bonding region 133; the second material layer has a thinner thickness near the first bonding region 131, a gradient of thickness of the second material layer becomes thicker in a direction from the first bonding region 131 to the second bonding region 133, and a thicker thickness near the second bonding region 133.
The construction of the transitional bonding area 132 described above facilitates the preparation of the transitional bonding area 132. Specifically, the structure of the transition bonding region 132 may be prepared by: the second material is firstly utilized to form the second bonding area, and simultaneously, the second material layer outside the second bonding area extends to form a step-shaped second material layer, and then the first material layer is filled with the step to form the first material layer to obtain a transition bonding area, and then the first bonding area is extended and prepared.
Optionally, in other embodiments, the first material layer and the second material layer in the transitional bonding region have a constant size in a thickness direction of the laminated glass, and are alternately laminated in the thickness direction of the laminated glass.
It is understood that the first material layer may occur an even number of times or an odd number of times when alternately stacked. Similarly, the second material layer may be present an even number of times or an odd number of times.
Further, according to the difference in the stacking order of the first material layer and the second material layer, there may be a structure in which:
referring to fig. 7, the adhesive layer 53 includes a first adhesive bonding region 531, a transitional adhesive bonding region 532 and a second adhesive bonding region 533, the transitional adhesive bonding region 532 being located between the first adhesive bonding region 531 and the second adhesive bonding region 533, and the structure of the transitional adhesive bonding region 532 includes a second material layer, a first material layer and a second material layer in a thickness direction of the laminated glass.
Referring to fig. 8, the adhesive layer 63 includes a first adhesive region 631, a transition adhesive region 632, and a second adhesive region 633, the transition adhesive region 632 being located between the first adhesive region 631 and the second adhesive region 633, and the structure of the transition adhesive region 632 includes a first material layer, a second material layer, and a first material layer in a thickness direction of the laminated glass.
It will be appreciated that the material of the first bond region and the transition bond region may each comprise a first material, and that the first material of the first bond region and the first material layer in the transition bond region may be laminated from material layers of the same or different lengths, thicknesses, materials or the like. Preferably, the first material of the first bonding region and the first material layer of the transitional bonding region are composed of one material layer, and less preferably, the first material of the first bonding region and the first material layer of the transitional bonding region are laminated by two or three material layers, and each material layer has the same thickness.
Optionally, the first bonding region has a thickness equal to or greater than a thickness of the second bonding region. It is understood that the thickness direction of the first bonding region and the second bonding region is the thickness direction of the laminated glass. In the invention, the flowability of the first material of the first bonding area is better than that of the second material of the second bonding area, and the arrangement that the thickness of the first bonding area is larger than that of the second bonding area can better avoid the generation of bubbles and splicing marks in the subsequent laminated glass production process (such as high-pressure sheet combination treatment).
Optionally, define a 1 、α 2 、α 3 The absorption rate of the first bonding region, the transition bonding region and the second bonding region to light when the near infrared ray with the wavelength of 1450nm to 1650nm (preferably 1480nm to 1620nm) is vertically incident; wherein alpha is 1 Corresponding to the first bonding region, α 2 Corresponding to the transition bonding zone, α 3 Corresponding to the second bonding region, α 1 、α 2 、α 3 Satisfies the following conditions: alpha is alpha 1 ＜α 2 ≤α 3 ，α 1 ≤5％，5％＜α 2 ≤10％，α 3 ＞5％。
Alternatively, define beta 1 、β 2 、β 3 When near infrared rays with the wavelength of 1450nm to 1650nm (preferably 1480nm to 1620nm) are incident at an incident angle of 45 to 75 degrees (preferably 55 to 66 degrees), the absorption rates of the first bonding area, the transition bonding area and the second bonding area to light are respectively higher than that of the first bonding area, the transition bonding area and the second bonding area; wherein beta is 1 Corresponding to the first bonding region, β 2 Corresponding to the transition bonding zone, beta 3 Corresponding to the second bonding region, β 1 、β 2 And beta 3 Satisfies the following conditions: beta is a 1 ＜β 2 ≤β 3 ，β 1 ≤10％，10％＜β 2 ≤15％，β 3 ＞10％。
Above-mentioned laminated glass's the first bonding region permeable laser radar (LIDAR)'s working light does not disturb its normal work, and the existence of transition bonding region avoids first bonding region and the direct concatenation of second bonding region to produce the vestige simultaneously.
In this embodiment, the laminated glass 01 further comprises an insulating layer 12, the insulating layer 12 is located between the second surface 102 of the outer glass sheet 10 and the third surface 141 of the inner glass sheet 14, and the insulating layer 12 has an opening exposing the first bonding area 131. In this embodiment, the insulating layer 12 is located between the adhesive layer 13 and the second surface 102 of the outer glass pane 10.
Optionally, the boundary of the opening of the insulation layer 12 is located correspondingly within the transition bonding region 132. In this embodiment, the insulating layer 12 is located between the adhesive layer 13 and the second surface 102 of the outer glass plate 10, and the intersection line E and the intersection line F of the boundary line of the opening of the insulating layer 12 and the surface of the adhesive layer 13 on the side close to the outer glass plate 10 are located in the transition bonding region 132.
Preferably, the first bonding region is a regular rectangle, the transition bonding region surrounds the first bonding region and is a ring shape having an equal width, defining a lateral length of the first bonding region 131 as a, a width of the transition bonding region 132 as b, and a longitudinal length of the first bonding region 131 as c. Understandably, the open edge of the insulating layer 12The border may also coincide with the border of the transition bond region 132. Preferably, the distance h from the intersection line E to the center of the first bonding area E Satisfies the following conditions: a/2 is less than or equal to h E A/2+ b is less than or equal to, and c/2 is less than or equal to h E C/2+ b is less than or equal to c; distance h from intersection line F to center of first bonding region F Satisfies the following conditions: a/2 is less than or equal to h F A/2+ b is less than or equal to, and c/2 is less than or equal to h F ≤c/2+b。
It can be understood that the thermal insulation layer 12 has a thermal insulation function, the total solar transmittance TTS is less than or equal to 50%, and preferably, the thermal insulation layer 12 is a transparent nano film made by magnetron sputtering and including at least one metal layer, such as a single silver thermal insulation film, a double silver thermal insulation film, a three silver thermal insulation film, a four silver thermal insulation film, and the like, the single silver thermal insulation film, the double silver thermal insulation film, the three silver thermal insulation film, and the four silver thermal insulation film respectively refer to transparent nano films having one silver layer, two silver layers, three silver layers, and four silver layers, and the transparent nano film includes at least two dielectric layers in addition to the silver layers. The thermal insulation layer 12 may provide better ride comfort to the vehicle interior.
It is understood that the opening of the thermal insulation layer 12 may be formed by means of a mask, such as: the cover sheet is applied before the thermal insulation layer 12 is manufactured and removed after the manufacture to form the thermal insulation layer. It will also be appreciated that the opening of the insulating layer 12 may be formed by laser removal or grinding wheel polishing after the insulating film 12 is formed.
In this embodiment, the laminated glass 01 further includes a shielding layer 11, and the shielding film 11 is located between the second surface 102 of the outer glass plate 10 and the third surface 141 of the inner glass plate 14 and located in the peripheral region of the laminated glass 01. It will be appreciated that the peripheral region includes a top edge region, a side edge region and a bottom edge region. Specifically, the shielding layer 11 is generally disposed around the second surface 102 of the outer glass plate 10 and between the thermal insulation layer 12 and the second surface 102 of the outer glass plate 10, and the shielding layer 11 may be formed by printing a dark ceramic ink on the second surface 102 and sintering the dark ceramic ink at a high temperature.
A second aspect of the invention provides a windscreen assembly comprising in one embodiment, as shown in figure 9, an optical detector 02 and a laminated glass 01 according to the embodiment. The working light emitted from the optical detector 02 can pass through the first bonding area 131 and does not contact the second bonding area 133. More preferably, the working light emitted from the optical detector 02 does not contact the transition bonding region 132.
It is understood that the working light emitted from the optical detector 02 can pass through the first bonding region 131 without contacting the transition bonding region 132 and the second bonding region 133, which means that the working light emitted from the optical detector 02 can pass through the first bonding region 131 without contacting the transition bonding region 132 and the second bonding region 133.
Furthermore, the intersection lines of the maximum range of the operating light emitted by the optical detector 02 and the surface of the adhesive layer 13 on the side close to the outer glass plate 10 are the intersection line G and the intersection line H, respectively.
Preferably, the first bonding region is a regular rectangle, and the transition bonding region surrounds the first bonding region, defining a lateral length a of the first bonding region 131 and a longitudinal length c of the first bonding region 131. Preferably, the distance h from the intersection line G to the center of the first bonding region G Satisfies the following conditions: h is G A/2 and h G C/2 is less than or equal to; the distance from the intersection line H to the center of the first bonding area satisfies the following conditions: h is a total of H A/2 and h H ≤c/2。
Optionally, the optical detector may be disposed on the fourth surface 142 of the inner glass sheet 14. Optionally, the optical detector is a laser radar (LIDAR), a near infrared camera, or the like.
A third aspect of the invention provides a vehicle comprising a vehicle body and the above laminated glass or the above windscreen assembly.
In the following, the raw materials referred to in the following specific examples are commercially available, unless otherwise specified, the equipment used, and the processes referred to, unless otherwise specified, are all routinely selected by those skilled in the art.
Examples
This example provides a set of laminated glass, the structure of which is two pieces of ultra-transparent glass 2.1mm thick and one bonding layer 0.76mm thick;
comparative example 1: the bonding layer is made of PVB (polyvinyl butyral), namely the first material of the first bonding area and the second material of the second bonding area are both PVB;
example 1: the bonding layer is made of PVB and EVA, the first material of the first bonding area is EVA, and the second material of the second bonding area is PVB;
example 2: the bonding layer is made of PVB and TPU, the first material of the first bonding area is TPU, and the second material of the second bonding area is PVB;
the following tests were carried out on the laminated glasses of examples 1-2 and comparative example 1:
1. the first bonding region of the laminated glass was tested for its transmittance TL for near infrared rays having a wavelength of 1550nm incident at different angles of incidence according to standard ISO9050, and the results are shown in table 1.
2. The first bonding region of the laminated glass was tested for reflectance and absorbance against the near infrared ray having a wavelength of 1550nm at normal incidence (incident angle of 0 °) and at an incident angle of 60 ° according to standard ISO9050, and the results are shown in table 2.
Table 1: transmittance of comparative example 1 and examples 1 to 2 for near infrared ray having a wavelength of 1550nm
As can be seen from table 1, the transmittance of the first bonding region of example 1 to the near infrared ray having a wavelength of 1550nm is greater than that of the first bonding region of comparative example 1 to the near infrared ray having a wavelength of 1550nm, and the transmittance of the first bonding region of example 2 to the near infrared ray having a wavelength of 1550nm is also greater than that of the first bonding region of comparative example 1 to the near infrared ray having a wavelength of 1550nm, and since the second material of the second bonding region of examples 1 and 2 is identical to that of the first bonding region of comparative example 1, the transmittance of the first bonding region of comparative example 1 to the near infrared ray having a wavelength of 1550nm can be regarded as the transmittance of the second bonding region of examples 1 and 2 to the near infrared ray having a wavelength of 1550nm, that is, that the transmittance TL1 of the first bonding region of example 1 to the near infrared ray having a wavelength of 1550nm is greater than the transmittance TL2 of the second bonding region to the near infrared ray having a wavelength of 1550nm, the transmittance TL1 of the first bonding region to the near infrared ray having a wavelength of 1550nm of example 2 is greater than the transmittance TL2 of the second bonding region to the near infrared ray having a wavelength of 1550 nm; preferably, the difference between TL1 and TL2 is greater than or equal to 3%, even greater than or equal to 4%, and even greater than or equal to 5%.
In order to better satisfy the operational requirements of the laser radar, the transmittance of the first bonding region of examples 1 and 2 to the near infrared ray having a wavelength of 1550nm incident at an incident angle of 60 ° is greater than or equal to 75%, and the transmittance of the first bonding region of examples 1 and 2 to the near infrared ray having a wavelength of 1550nm incident at an incident angle of 65 ° is greater than or equal to 72%.
Table 2: reflectance and absorptance of comparative example 1 and examples 1 to 2 for near infrared ray having a wavelength of 1550nm
As can be seen from table 2, the reflectance of the first bonding region of examples 1 and 2 to the near infrared ray having a wavelength of 1550nm is greater than that of the first bonding region of comparative example 1 to the near infrared ray having a wavelength of 1550nm, the absorptance of the first bonding region of examples 1 and 2 to the near infrared ray having a wavelength of 1550nm is less than that of the first bonding region of comparative example 1 to the near infrared ray having a wavelength of 1550nm, and since the second material of the second bonding region of examples 1 and 2 is identical to that of the first bonding region of comparative example 1, the reflectance and absorptance of the first bonding region of comparative example 1 to the near infrared ray having a wavelength of 1550nm can be regarded as the reflectance and absorptance of the second bonding region of examples 1 and 2 to the near infrared ray having a wavelength of 1550nm, that is, example 1 and example 2The reflectance of the first bonding region to the near infrared ray with a wavelength of 1550nm in example 2 is respectively greater than the reflectance of the second bonding region to the near infrared ray with a wavelength of 1550nm, and the absorptance α of the first bonding region to the near infrared ray with a wavelength of 1550nm in examples 1 and 2 1 、β 1 Respectively less than the absorptivity alpha of the second bonding region to near infrared ray with wavelength of 1550nm 3 、β 3 (ii) a Preferably, alpha 1 And alpha 3 Greater than or equal to 3%, even greater than or equal to 4%, and even greater than or equal to 5%; beta is a 1 And beta 3 Greater than or equal to 3%, even greater than or equal to 4%, and even greater than or equal to 5%.
All possible combinations of the technical features of the above embodiments may not be described for the sake of brevity, but should be considered as within the scope of the present disclosure as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that various changes and modifications can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention, and these changes and modifications are all within the scope of the invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (20)
1. The laminated glass is characterized by comprising an outer glass plate, a bonding layer and an inner glass plate; the bonding layer is positioned between the outer glass plate and the inner glass plate;
the bond layer comprising a first bond region, a transitional bond region and a second bond region, the transitional bond region being located between the first bond region and the second bond region, and the transitional bond region separating the first bond region and the second bond region;
the first bonding region has a first transmittance TL1 for near infrared rays in a wavelength range of 1450nm to 1650nm, and the second bonding region has a second transmittance TL2 for near infrared rays in a wavelength range of 1450nm to 1650nm, wherein TL1 > TL 2.
2. The laminated glass of claim 1, wherein the material of the first bonding region is a first material, the material of the second bonding region is a second material, and the material of the transitional bonding region comprises the first material and the second material.
3. The laminated glass according to claim 2, wherein the first material is selected from one or more of ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer, polyethylene octene co-elastomer, cyclic olefin polymer, thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer, and cellulose triacetate.
4. The laminated glass according to claim 2, wherein the second material is selected from one or more of polyvinyl butyral, ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer, and an ionic interlayer.
5. The laminated glass according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein at least a portion of the edge line of the first bonding zone coincides with a portion of the edge line of the transitional bonding zone.
6. The laminated glass of claim 5, wherein a portion of the edge of the first bond region coincides with a portion of the edge of the transitional bond region, and a remaining portion of the edge of the first bond region is included as part of the bond layer edge.
7. The laminated glass of claim 5, wherein the transitional bonding region is disposed around the first bonding region and the second bonding region is disposed around the transitional bonding region.
8. The laminated glass according to any one of claims 2 to 4 and 6 to 7, wherein the ratio of the total mass of the first material to the second material in the transitional bonding region is (1.5 to 3.5): 1.
9. the laminated glass according to claim 8, wherein the structure of the transitional bonding zone comprises a layer of hybrid material prepared by mixing the first and second materials.
10. The laminated glass according to claim 8, wherein the structure of the transitional bonding zone comprises a first material layer and a second material layer laminated in a thickness direction of the laminated glass, the first material layer being made of the first material, the second material layer being made of the second material.
11. The laminated glass of claim 10, wherein the thickness of the first material layer in the transitional bonding region is progressively smaller and the thickness of the second material layer in the transitional bonding region is progressively larger in a direction from the first bonding region to the second bonding region.
12. The laminated glass according to any one of claims 1 to 4, 6 to 7 and 9 to 11, wherein the thickness of the first bonding region is equal to or greater than the thickness of the second bonding region.
13. The laminated glass according to any one of claims 1 to 4, 6 to 7 and 9 to 11, wherein α is defined 1 、α 2 、α 3 The absorption rates of the first bonding area, the transition bonding area and the second bonding area to light when near infrared rays with the wavelength of 1450nm to 1650nm are vertically incident respectively; alpha (alpha) ("alpha") 1 、α 2 、α 3 Satisfies the following conditions: alpha (alpha) ("alpha") 1 ＜α 2 ≤α 3 ，α 1 ≤5％，5％＜α 2 ≤10％，α 3 ＞5％。
14. According to claim1 to 4, 6 to 7, and 9 to 11, wherein β is defined 1 、β 2 、β 3 When the near infrared rays with the wavelength of 1450nm to 1650nm are incident at an incident angle of 45-75 degrees, the first bonding area, the transition bonding area and the second bonding area have the absorptivity to light; beta is a 1 、β 2 And beta 3 Satisfies the following conditions: beta is a 1 ＜β 2 ≤β 3 ，β 1 ≤10％，10％＜β 2 ≤15％，β 3 ＞10％。
15. The laminated glass according to any one of claims 1 to 4, 6 to 7 and 9 to 11, wherein the transmittance of the outer glass plate and/or the inner glass plate for near infrared rays having a wavelength of 800nm to 1600nm is 91% or more.
16. The laminated glass according to any one of claims 1 to 4, 6 to 7 and 9 to 11, wherein the laminated glass further comprises a heat insulating layer, the heat insulating layer is located between the outer glass plate and the inner glass plate, and the heat insulating layer has an opening exposing the first bonding region.
17. The laminated glass according to claim 16, wherein the boundary of the opening of the thermal insulating layer is located correspondingly within the transitional bonding zone.
18. The laminated glass according to any one of claims 1 to 4, 6 to 7 and 9 to 11, further comprising a shielding layer, wherein the shielding film is located between the outer glass plate and the inner glass plate and in a peripheral region of the laminated glass.
19. A windscreen assembly comprising an optical detector and a laminated glass according to any one of claims 1 to 18; the working light that optical detector sent all can see through first bonding area, and does not contact transition bonding area and second bonding area.
20. A vehicle comprising a body and a laminated glass as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 18 or a windscreen assembly as claimed in claim 19.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210572499.8A CN114986998A (en) | 2022-05-25 | 2022-05-25 | Laminated glass, windshield assembly and vehicle |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210572499.8A CN114986998A (en) | 2022-05-25 | 2022-05-25 | Laminated glass, windshield assembly and vehicle |
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