CN114985855A

CN114985855A - Electrochemical auxiliary mechanical polishing device

Info

Publication number: CN114985855A
Application number: CN202210929710.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李永刚; 朱艳强; 何琼; 刘哲兵; 弓卓伟; 杨小妮
Original assignee: Taiyuan University of Technology
Current assignee: Taiyuan University of Technology
Priority date: 2022-08-04
Filing date: 2022-08-04
Publication date: 2022-09-02
Anticipated expiration: 2042-08-04
Also published as: CN114985855B

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of electrochemical polishing and mechanical polishing, in particular to an electrochemical auxiliary mechanical polishing processing device, which solves the technical problem in the background technology, wherein a grinding block, a polishing vibration groove, a vibration exciter, a spring and a base jointly form a mechanical processing assembly; the electrochemical machining assembly comprises a pulse power supply, a support plate, a partition plate, a cathode pipe and the like; the supporting shaft, the first belt pulley, the second belt pulley, the transmission belt and the driving motor form a rotary driving assembly; the circulating pump, the valve, the filter, the circulating pipeline, the spray head and the spray pipe form an electrolyte circulating assembly. The electrochemical auxiliary of the invention enlarges the processing range of mechanical processing, can process various metal materials with high hardness and high strength, the barreling has all-round grinding effect on the passivation layer formed by the electrochemical processing, the processing efficiency and the processing effect are greatly improved, and simultaneously, the barreling process has good processing effect on the inner wall of the tube body with low excellence in the barreling process and the electrochemical part thereof.

Description

Electrochemical auxiliary mechanical polishing device

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of electrochemical polishing and mechanical polishing, and particularly relates to an electrochemical auxiliary mechanical polishing device.

Background

With the development of science and technology, the requirements for the surface quality of parts in industrial production are higher and higher. In the manufacturing process of mechanical parts, the physical and mechanical properties of the surface layer of the parts are low, such as the existence of overlarge surface layer cold hardening, residual stress, metallographic structure deformation and the like, and various surface defects such as surface unevenness, flash, burrs and the like are accompanied, and the wear resistance, the matching quality, the fatigue strength, the corrosion resistance and the like of the mechanical parts are influenced by the rough surface and the defects. Therefore, in order to improve the surface quality of mechanical parts to meet the use requirements, surface finishing is increasingly regarded as a finishing process.

The tumbling and polishing technology is a typical polishing technology, and is characterized in that a grinding block, grinding fluid and a workpiece in a certain proportion are loaded into equipment during processing, and the flash and burr of a mechanical part can be removed by the collision, rolling and micro-cutting action between the grinding block and the workpiece, so that the purpose of polishing is realized. However, the barreling and polishing processing technology is poor in processing effect and low in processing speed for parts with complex cavities, slits or fine tube bodies, and in order to improve the processing effect, grinding fluid needs to be added in the processing process to assist in processing, the grinding fluid is mostly harmful to the environment, waste liquid generated after processing cannot be directly discharged, and a large amount of cost is needed for post-processing.

The electrochemical finishing processing technology is an important technology in the field of finishing processing, has high processing efficiency and good processing quality, is not influenced by the hardness and the strength of processing materials, is more suitable for workpieces with complex shapes and small sizes by adopting electrochemical polishing than mechanical polishing, but mostly adopts acid electrolyte for electrochemical polishing, has poor operation safety, and is more difficult to post-treat because the waste liquid generated by processing is harmful to the environment. Meanwhile, different materials need electrolytes with different proportions to be processed, and at present, the new materials are increasingly popular, the matching of the electrolytes is lack of a standard method, only by experience and trial and error, the efficiency is low, and the processing effect of electrochemical polishing is not ideal for deep scratches on the surface of a part, and a non-metal part cannot be processed.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problem that the polishing effect of the existing barreling and polishing technology or electrochemical polishing technology is not ideal, and provides an electrochemical auxiliary mechanical polishing device.

The technical means for solving the technical problems of the invention is as follows: an electrochemical auxiliary mechanical polishing processing device comprises a polishing vibration groove, a base, a pulse power supply, a circulating pump, a filter and a driving motor, wherein electrolyte is filled in the polishing vibration groove, the polishing vibration groove is connected to the upper part of the base through a plurality of springs positioned in the vertical direction, a vibration exciter is further installed on the outer wall of the bottom of the polishing vibration groove, a partition board for dividing a groove cavity into two parts is arranged in the polishing vibration groove, through holes which are distributed densely are formed in the partition board, an electrolytic reaction groove is formed in one side of the partition board, a grinding block is further filled in the electrolytic reaction groove, an electrolytic solution groove is formed in the other side of the electrolytic reaction groove, a supporting plate parallel to the partition board is further arranged in the electrolytic reaction groove, the upper part of the supporting plate is fixedly connected with the electrolytic reaction groove through a clamp, the lower part of the supporting plate extends into the electrolytic reaction groove, a supporting shaft penetrating through a bearing is installed on the partition board, and one end, positioned on the electrolytic reaction groove, is fixedly connected with a fixing seat for fixing a pipe fitting to be processed, the fixed seat is provided with a plurality of through holes which are convenient for the electrolyte on the inner side of the pipe fitting to be processed to flow to the outer side; the pipe fitting to be processed is immersed in the electrolyte, the other end of the pipe fitting to be processed is connected with a workpiece flange through a bearing, the workpiece flange is fixed on a supporting plate, a cathode flange is fixedly connected on the supporting plate at the inner side of the workpiece flange, a cathode pipe which is positioned at the inner side of the pipe fitting to be processed and is coaxial with the pipe fitting to be processed is fixedly connected on the cathode flange, an insulating sleeve is padded between the cathode flange and the cathode pipe, the anode of a pulse power supply is in sliding contact with the outer wall of the pipe fitting to be processed through a carbon brush, and the cathode of the pulse power supply is connected to the cathode pipe; one end of the support shaft, which is positioned at the electrolyte tank, is fixedly connected with a first belt pulley through a coupling, the drive motor is positioned on the polishing and grinding vibration tank, the drive shaft of the drive motor is connected with a second belt pulley, and the first belt pulley is connected with the second belt pulley through a transmission belt; the bottom of the electrolytic bath is provided with a liquid outlet, the liquid outlet is connected to a filter, the filter is connected to a circulating pump through a valve, a water outlet of the circulating pump is respectively connected with a spray head and a spray pipe through two bifurcated circulating pipelines, the spray head penetrates through the side wall of a workpiece flange and then extends to a gap port of a pipe fitting to be processed and a cathode pipe, the gap width of the pipe fitting to be processed and the cathode pipe is smaller than the diameter of a grinding block, the spray pipe is a strip pipe with a plurality of nozzles, and the spray pipe is arranged along the length direction of the pipe fitting to be processed and is positioned at the outer wall of the pipe fitting to be processed.

The grinding block, the polishing and grinding vibration groove, the vibration exciter, the spring and the base form a machining assembly together; the electrochemical machining assembly comprises a pulse power supply, a support plate, a partition plate, a cathode pipe and the like; the supporting shaft, the first belt pulley, the second belt pulley, the transmission belt and the driving motor form a rotary driving assembly; the circulating pump, the valve, the filter, the circulating pipeline, the spray head and the spray pipe form an electrolyte circulating assembly. The pipe fitting to be processed is fixed on the supporting plate through the workpiece flange, the size of the workpiece flange is adjusted according to the size of the pipe fitting to be processed, and the driving motor and the polishing and grinding vibration groove vibrate simultaneously, so that the shaking of the transmission belt can be reduced; the pipe to be processed can rotate in the electrolyte under the driving of the driving motor; the polishing vibration groove can rotate around a horizontal shaft at a high speed along with the vibration exciter under the drive of the vibration exciter, so that the grinding block is forced to generate collision, rolling and micro-cutting on a workpiece; the pipe fitting to be processed rotates under the transmission of the rotary driving component, so that the interaction between the workpiece and the grinding block is increased, the surface uniformity and the processing efficiency of the workpiece are improved, the workpiece rotates relative to the cathode, the flow field and the temperature field of the electrolyte between the electrodes are improved, and the overall leveling effect is improved by utilizing the copying effect of microscopic high points on the surface of the cathode tool; in the electrochemical machining assembly, after the pulse power supply is turned on, the pipe to be machined and the cathode pipe are connected with two poles of the pulse power supply, the whole pipe to be machined is immersed in electrolyte to form a complete closed loop, the pulse current is preferably selected as machining current in the part, the anode of the pipe to be machined can be periodically dissolved by the periodic intermittent pulse current in the machining process, depolarization can be accelerated by the intermittent outage of the pulse current, the electrochemical characteristics, the flow field and the electric field of the interelectrode gap can be periodically restored to the initial state, and in addition, the physical properties of pressure waves in the machining gap are greatly improved by the stirring action generated by the intermittent action of the pulse current, so that the machining efficiency and the surface quality after electrochemical finishing are greatly improved. In the electrolyte circulation subassembly, open the circulating pump, the electrolyte that the electrolytic reaction groove participated in the reaction carries the sweeps that processing produced to get into the electrolyte groove from the through-hole on the baffle, then mix the electrolyte that has the sweeps and get into the filter from the liquid outlet of electrolyte tank bottom portion, the filter filters the sweeps, through circulating pump pressurization once more through circulating line from shower nozzle and spray tube blowout, flow back to the electrolytic reaction groove in, accomplish a circulation, shower nozzle spun electrolyte is impressed the processing clearance, the even surface that sprays the pipe fitting of treating of spray tube spun electrolyte, certain pressure's electrolyte is from treating the pipe fitting surface flow of processing, the timely renewal of electrolyte has been guaranteed, and is stable, even interelectrode electrolyte flow field, thereby obtain better flattening quality.

In the invention, the electrochemical auxiliary machining technology combines the advantages of two technologies, the electrochemical auxiliary expands the machining range of the machining, various metal materials with high hardness and high strength can be machined, and the tumbling is free medium machining and has good all-round grinding effect on a passivation layer formed by electrochemical machining, so that the machining efficiency and the machining effect are greatly improved compared with a single machining process, and meanwhile, the electrochemical action also has good machining effect on the inner wall of a pipe body which is not good in the tumbling process.

Preferably, a temperature control device for controlling the temperature of the electrolyte at 50-60 ℃ is arranged in the polishing and grinding vibration tank. Because the temperature has obvious influence on the effect of the electrochemical reaction, the temperature of the electrolyte is increased, the dispersion speed of solution ions is increased, the dispersion speed of anode dissolution is increased, the convection dispersion of the solution is accelerated, the desorption of bubbles remained on the outer surface of the anode due to the electrolytic reaction is facilitated, the occurrence of plaque or pockmark on the outer surface due to gas insulation is prevented, and the surface quality after polishing can be improved. When the temperature of the electrolyte is lower than 50 ℃, the electrolyte starts to be automatically heated, and when the temperature of the electrolyte is higher than 60 ℃, the heating is stopped, so that the electrolyte is always kept between 50 ℃ and 60 ℃, and the electrochemical process is always kept below the optimal reaction temperature.

Preferably, the device further comprises a central controller, the valve is an electromagnetic valve, and the central controller is electrically connected with the driving motor, the vibration exciter, the circulating pump, the filter, the pulse power supply, the temperature control device and the electromagnetic valve respectively so as to control all the parts. Adding a proper amount of grinding blocks and electrolyte into the electrolytic bath, and starting the processing equipment at the central controller by one key; the vibration exciter is started, the polishing vibration groove drives the processing medium in the polishing vibration groove to periodically move at a certain frequency and amplitude, the driving motor drives the pipe fitting to be processed to start to operate through the first belt pulley, the second belt pulley and the transmission belt, the pulse power supply, the temperature control device and the circulating pump start to simultaneously operate after three seconds, and meanwhile, the filter and the electromagnetic valve are opened, and the processing starts. Under the action of an electrochemical mechanism, a layer of passivation film is formed on the surface of a workpiece while an anode is dissolved in a very short time, so that the electrochemical process is prevented from being continued, at the moment, the grinding block can periodically move in the vibration groove to collide, roll and cut the workpiece a small amount, so that the passivation layer is removed, the metal matrix is exposed again, the electrochemical process is continued, and the steps are repeated until the machining is completed. One-button starting can be realized through the central controller, and the operation is convenient.

Preferably, two eccentric blocks with adjustable included angle and eccentric amount are arranged on the shaft of the vibration exciter. The eccentric block generates centrifugal exciting force to make the vibration groove generate periodic vibration, and under the vibration action, the grinding block is forced to generate collision, rolling and micro-cutting to the workpiece.

Preferably, the length of the cathode pipe is slightly smaller than that of the pipe fitting to be processed; the outer diameter of the cathode pipe is 0.6-1mm smaller than the inner diameter of the pipe to be processed, so as to ensure that the inner wall of the pipe to be processed is fully subjected to oxidation reaction. The inner wall of the pipe to be processed is processed by pure electrochemical method.

Preferably, the upper part of the supporting plate extends towards two sides to form connecting lug plates spanning to two side walls of the polishing vibration groove, and the clamp connects the connecting lug plates on the two sides of the supporting plate with the two side walls of the polishing vibration groove; the baffle is also fixed on polishing vibration groove through anchor clamps, and the edge laminating of baffle polishes the inner wall of vibration groove. The structure is reasonable and the connection is firm.

Preferably, the two side walls of the polishing vibration groove are connected with sliding rails convenient for the clamp to slide, and the clamp and the sliding rails are fixedly connected through fastening bolts. The clamp can slide on the slide rail, the position can be fixed through the fastening bolt, the distance between the support plate and the partition plate is adjusted through the position of the clamp, and therefore the clamp is suitable for pipe fittings to be machined of different lengths.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the electrochemical assistance enlarges the machining range of mechanical machining, and the equipment can machine various metal materials with high hardness and high strength; the main function of the barreling is to remove the passivation layer, and compared with a metal matrix, the passivation layer is easier to remove, so that compared with a single processing technology, the processing efficiency is greatly improved;

2. for the inner wall of the tube body which is not good in barreling, electrochemistry can also have a good processing effect, and the device is a combination of electrochemical processing and mechanical polishing processing, so that good inner and outer surface quality can be obtained at the same time;

3. the equipment does not need grinding fluid for auxiliary processing in the polishing processing process, and neutral electrolyte is used in the electrochemical reaction, so that the equipment does not need to be corroded, is green and pollution-free, is environment-friendly, and meets the modern process standard of green processing. The cost of processing and post-processing is reduced;

4. the invention can intelligently control the processing parameters and the processing process by using the central controller, for example, the central controller can set the motor speed, the vibration frequency and the amplitude of a vibration exciter, set the temperature of electrolyte, set the current density of pulse current, the processing time and the like, and different processing parameters can be selected for different workpieces to achieve the best processing effect.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an electrochemical assisted mechanical polishing apparatus according to the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a partially enlarged view of a flange mounting area in fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a front view of the support plate of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a front view of the separator of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the assembly of the pipe to be processed.

In the figure: 1. a base; 2. a spring; 3. a vibration exciter; 4. polishing and grinding the vibration groove; 5. grinding blocks; 6. an electrolyte; 7. fastening a bolt; 8. a workpiece flange; 9. an insulating sleeve; 10. fastening a nut; 11. a cathode flange; 12. an insulating ring; 13. a bearing; 14. a spray head; 15. an electrolytic reaction tank; 16. a clamp; 17. a support plate; 18. a pulse power supply; 19. a cathode tube; 20. a pipe fitting to be processed; 21. a nozzle; 22. a support shaft; 23. a coupling; 24. a partition plate; 25. a drive belt; 26. a drive motor; 27. a circulation pump; 28. a central controller; 29. a valve; 30. a circulation pipe; 31. a filter; 32. a wire; 33. an electrolyte tank; 34. a temperature control device.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.

An electrochemical auxiliary mechanical polishing device is disclosed, as shown in fig. 1 to 5, comprising a polishing vibration tank 4, a base 1, a pulse power supply 18, a circulating pump 27, a filter 31 and a driving motor 26, wherein an electrolyte 6 is filled in the polishing vibration tank 4, the polishing vibration tank 4 is connected to the upper part of the base 1 through a plurality of springs 2 positioned in the vertical direction, a vibration exciter 3 is further installed on the outer wall of the bottom of the polishing vibration tank 4, a partition plate 24 for dividing a tank cavity into two parts is arranged in the polishing vibration tank 4, through holes densely distributed are arranged on the partition plate 24, the aperture of the through holes on the partition plate 24 is 2mm, one side of the partition plate 24 is an electrolytic reaction tank 15, a grinding block 5 is further filled in the electrolytic reaction tank 15, the other side is an electrolyte tank 33, a support plate 17 parallel to the partition plate 24 is further arranged in the electrolytic reaction tank 15, the upper part of the support plate 17 is fixedly connected with the electrolytic reaction tank 15 through a clamp 16, the lower part of the supporting plate 17 extends into the electrolytic reaction tank 15, a supporting shaft 22 penetrating through the partition plate 24 is installed on the partition plate 24 through a bearing 13, one end, located at the electrolytic reaction tank 15, of the supporting shaft 22 is fixedly connected with a fixing seat for fixing the pipe fitting 20 to be processed, a plurality of through holes facilitating the electrolyte 6 on the inner side of the pipe fitting 20 to be processed to flow to the outer side are formed in the fixing seat, and in the specific implementation, a plurality of through holes which are distributed in a circumferential array and have the diameter of 3.5mm are formed in the end face of the fixing seat; a pipe fitting 20 to be processed is immersed in the electrolyte 6, the other end of the pipe fitting 20 to be processed is connected with a workpiece flange 8 through a bearing 13, an insulating ring 12 is padded between the pipe fitting 20 to be processed and the bearing 13 on the workpiece flange 8, the workpiece flange 8 is fixed on a supporting plate 17, a cathode flange 11 is fixedly connected on the supporting plate 17 on the inner side of the workpiece flange 8, a cathode pipe 19 which is positioned on the inner side of the pipe fitting 20 to be processed and is coaxial with the pipe fitting 20 to be processed is fixedly connected on the cathode flange 11, an insulating sleeve 9 is padded between the cathode flange 11 and the cathode pipe 19, the workpiece flange 8 and the cathode flange 11 are both fixed on corresponding plates through a fastening bolt 7 and a fastening nut 10, the positive electrode of a pulse power supply 18 is in sliding contact with the outer wall of the pipe fitting 20 to be processed through a carbon brush, and the negative electrode of the pulse power supply 18 is connected to the cathode pipe 19; the end of the supporting shaft 22, which is positioned at the electrolyte tank 33, is fixedly connected with a first belt pulley, the driving motor 26 is positioned on the polishing and grinding vibration tank 4, the driving shaft of the driving motor is connected with a second belt pulley, the first belt pulley and the second belt pulley are connected through a transmission belt 25, and the transmission belt can be a V-shaped belt; the bottom of the pool of 6 ponds of electrolyte is opened there is the liquid outlet, the liquid outlet is connected to filter 31, filter 31 is connected to circulating pump 27 through valve 29, circulating pump 27's delivery port is connected with shower nozzle 14 and spray tube 21 respectively through bifurcated two circulating line 30, shower nozzle 14 extends to the gap port of waiting to process pipe fitting 20 and cathode tube 19 behind the lateral wall of work piece flange 8, the gap width of waiting to process pipe fitting 20 and cathode tube 19 is less than the diameter of abrasive brick 5, spray tube 21 is the bar pipe that has a plurality of nozzles, spray tube 21 arranges and is located the outer wall department of waiting to process pipe fitting 20 along the length direction of waiting to process pipe fitting 20.

The grinding block 5, the polishing and grinding vibration groove 4, the vibration exciter 3, the spring 2 and the base 1 form a machining assembly together; the pulse power supply 18, the support plate 17, the partition plate 24, the cathode tube 19 and the like form an electrochemical machining assembly; the supporting shaft 22, the first belt pulley, the second belt pulley, the transmission belt 25 and the driving motor 26 form a rotary driving assembly; the circulating pump 27, the valve 29, the filter 31, the circulating pipe 30, the spray head 14 and the spray pipe 21 constitute an electrolyte 6 circulating assembly. The pipe fitting 20 to be processed is fixed on the support plate 17 through the workpiece flange 8, the size of the workpiece flange 8 is adjusted according to the size of the pipe fitting 20 to be processed, and the pipe fitting 20 to be processed can rotate in the electrolyte 6 under the driving of the driving motor 26; the polishing vibration groove 4 can rotate around a horizontal shaft at a high speed along with the vibration exciter 3 under the driving of the vibration exciter 3, so that the grinding block 5 is forced to collide, roll and cut a small amount of workpieces; the pipe fitting 20 to be processed rotates under the transmission of the rotary driving component, so that the interaction between the workpiece and the grinding block 5 is increased, the surface uniformity and the processing efficiency of the workpiece are improved, the workpiece rotates relative to the cathode, the flow field of the electrolyte between the electrodes and the temperature field of the electrolyte are improved, and the overall leveling effect is improved by utilizing the replication effect of microscopic high points on the surface of a cathode tool; in the electrochemical machining assembly, after the pulse power supply 18 is started, the pipe 20 to be machined and the cathode pipe 19 are connected with two poles of the pulse power supply 18, the whole pipe 20 to be machined is immersed in the electrolyte 6 to form a complete closed loop, the pulse current is preferably selected as the machining current in the part, the periodic intermittent pulse current can enable the anode of the pipe 20 to be machined to generate periodic intermittent electrochemical anode dissolution in the machining process, the intermittent outage of the pulse current can accelerate depolarization, the electrochemical characteristics, the flow field and the electric field of the interelectrode gap can be periodically restored to the initial state, and in addition, the stirring effect generated by the intermittent effect of the pulse current greatly improves the physical properties of pressure waves in the machining gap, so that the machining efficiency and the surface quality after electrochemical finishing machining can be greatly improved. In the electrolyte 6 circulating assembly, the circulating pump 27 is started, the electrolyte 6 which is reacted in the electrolytic reaction tank 15 carries scraps generated by processing to enter the electrolyte tank 33 from the through hole on the partition plate 24, then the electrolyte 6 mixed with the scraps enters the filter 31 from the liquid outlet at the bottom of the electrolyte tank 33, the filter 31 filters the scraps, the scraps are pressurized by the circulating pump 27 and sprayed out from the spray head 14 and the spray pipe 21 through the circulating pipeline 30 again, the scraps flow back to the electrolytic reaction tank 15 to complete one-time circulation, the electrolyte 6 sprayed out from the spray head 14 is pressed into a processing gap, the electrolyte 6 sprayed out from the spray pipe 21 is uniformly sprayed to the outer surface of the pipe 20 to be processed, the electrolyte 6 with certain pressure flows through the surface of the pipe 20 to be processed, the timely updating of the electrolyte 6 is ensured, the stable and uniform flow field of the inter-electrode electrolyte 6 is ensured, and better leveling quality is obtained. In specific implementation, the circulating pump 27 is a vertical pipe centrifugal pump, the filter 31 is an industrial filter 31, the bearings 13 are arranged at the end part of the pipe 20 to be processed and the support shaft 22, and the bearings 13 play a supporting role, so that the friction coefficient of the pipe 20 to be processed in the motion process can be reduced, and the rotation precision of the pipe can be ensured.

Further, as a specific embodiment of the electrochemical auxiliary mechanical polishing device of the present invention, a temperature control device 34 for controlling the temperature of the electrolyte 6 at 50 ℃ to 60 ℃ is disposed in the polishing vibration tank 4. Because the temperature has obvious influence on the effect of the electrochemical reaction, the temperature of the electrolyte 6 is increased, the dispersion speed of solution ions can be increased, the dispersion speed of anode dissolution is increased, the convection dispersion of the solution is accelerated, the desorption of bubbles remained on the surface of the anode due to the electrolytic reaction is facilitated, the occurrence of plaque or pock on the surface due to gas insulation is prevented, and the surface quality after polishing can be improved. When the temperature of the electrolyte 6 is lower than 50 ℃, the automatic heating is started, and when the temperature of the electrolyte is higher than 60 ℃, the heating is stopped, so that the electrolyte 6 is always kept between 50 ℃ and 60 ℃, and the electrochemical process is always kept below the optimal reaction temperature.

Further, as a specific embodiment of the electrochemical auxiliary mechanical polishing device of the present invention, the device further includes a central controller 28, the valve 29 is an electromagnetic valve, and the central controller 28 is electrically connected to the driving motor 26, the vibration exciter 3, the circulating pump 27, the filter 31, the pulse power supply 18, the temperature control device 34, and the electromagnetic valve through a wire 32 to control the components. Adding a proper amount of grinding blocks 5 and electrolyte 6 into the electrolytic bath, and starting the processing equipment at the central controller 28 by one key; the vibration exciter 3 is started, the polishing vibration groove 4 drives the processing medium in the polishing vibration groove to periodically move at a certain frequency and amplitude, the driving motor 26 drives the pipe fitting 20 to be processed to start to operate through the first belt pulley, the second belt pulley and the transmission belt 25, the pulse power supply 18, the temperature control device 34 and the circulating pump 27 start to simultaneously operate after three seconds, meanwhile, the filter 31 and the electromagnetic valve are opened, and the processing starts. Under the action of an electrochemical mechanism, a layer of passivation film is formed on the surface of the workpiece while the anode is dissolved in a very short time, so that the electrochemical process is prevented from continuing, at the moment, the grinding block 5 periodically moves in the vibration groove to collide, roll and cut the workpiece a little, so that the passivation layer is removed, the metal matrix is exposed again, the electrochemical process is continued, and the steps are repeated until the machining is finished. One-button starting can be realized through the central controller 28, the operation is convenient, in addition, in order to ensure the consistency of processing, the vibration intensity of the equipment is adjusted and set by the central controller 28 to keep the consistency with the electrochemical finishing intensity, and the controllability of processing parameters can be realized through the integral regulation and control of the central controller 28.

Further, as a specific embodiment of the electrochemical auxiliary mechanical polishing device of the present invention, two eccentric blocks capable of adjusting an included angle and an eccentric amount are mounted on a shaft of the vibration exciter 3. The eccentric block generates centrifugal exciting force to make the vibration groove generate periodic vibration, and the grinding block 5 is forced to generate collision, rolling and micro-cutting on the workpiece under the vibration effect.

Further, as a specific embodiment of the electrochemical auxiliary mechanical polishing device of the present invention, the length of the cathode tube 19 is slightly less than the length of the tube 20 to be processed; the outer diameter of the cathode tube 19 is 0.6-1mm smaller than the inner diameter of the tube 20 to be processed. This is to ensure that the inner wall of pipe 20 to be processed is sufficiently oxidized, and the inner wall of pipe 20 to be processed is processed using pure electrochemical. Further, as a specific embodiment of the electrochemical assisted mechanical polishing device of the present invention, the upper portion of the supporting plate 17 extends towards two sides to form connecting ear plates spanning two side walls of the polishing vibration tank 4, and the clamp 16 connects the connecting ear plates at two sides of the supporting plate 17 with two side walls of the polishing vibration tank 4; the partition plate 24 is also fixed on the polishing vibration groove 4 through the clamp 16, and the edge of the partition plate 24 is attached to the inner wall of the polishing vibration groove 4. The structure is reasonable and the connection is firm.

Further, as a specific embodiment of the electrochemical auxiliary mechanical polishing device of the present invention, two side walls of the polishing vibration groove 4 are connected with slide rails for facilitating the sliding of the clamp 16, and the clamp 16 and the slide rails are fixedly connected through fastening bolts 7. The clamp 16 can slide on the slide rail, the position can be fixed through the fastening bolt 7, and the distance between the supporting plate 17 and the partition plate 24 is adjusted through the position of the clamp 16, so that the clamp is suitable for pipes 20 to be processed with different lengths.

Further, as a specific embodiment of the electrochemical assisted mechanical polishing processing apparatus according to the present invention, the polishing and grinding oscillation groove 4 has a volume of 0.5m, and the electrolyte 6 is formed by mixing 8% to 15% by mass of a sodium nitrate solution and 1% by volume of a glycol solution; the grinding block 5 is a white ceramic rolling polishing grinding block with the diameter of 4 mm; the ratio of the electrolyte 6 to the grinding block 5 is 7: 4. and the grinding fluid is not needed for auxiliary processing in the tumbling and polishing process, and the neutral electrolyte 6 is used in the electrochemical reaction, so that the method is green, pollution-free and environment-friendly, meets the modern process standard of green processing, and reduces the processing and post-processing cost.

The use process of the electrochemical auxiliary mechanical polishing device comprises the following steps:

s1, preparation of electrolyte solution 6: preparing sufficient sodium nitrate solution with the mass fraction of 8% -15% and sufficient glycol solution with the volume fraction of 1%;

s2, electrochemical equipment assembly and processing material preparation: assemble the electrochemical machining subassembly to polishing and grinding vibration tank 4 on, the white ceramic that the diameter of packing into 0.35m in polishing and grinding vibration tank 4 was 4mm rolls and polishes abrasive brick 5, adds the electrolyte 6 of last step of preparation simultaneously, and electrolyte 6 is 7 with abrasive brick 5's proportion: 4, installing a pipe fitting 20 to be processed between a support plate 17 and a clapboard 24 through a workpiece flange 8 and a support shaft 22, and installing a cathode pipe 19 in the pipe fitting 20 to be processed through a cathode flange 11;

s3, setting finishing processing parameters: setting the motor speed of vibration exciter 3 at 1440r/min, vibration frequency at 50Hz and amplitude at 3mm, heating electrolyte 6 to 50 deg.C, and setting the current density of pulse power supply 18 at 15-30A/cm ² The duty ratio is 1: 3;

s4, electrochemical auxiliary machining: setting the processing time to be 10min at the central controller 28, starting the processing equipment by one key, starting the mechanical processing assembly, the electrochemical processing assembly and the electrolyte 6 circulating assembly to run according to a preset sequence, and starting processing;

s5, processing: and after the machining is finished, taking out the machined part, washing with deionized water, drying and storing.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. An electrochemical auxiliary mechanical polishing processing device is characterized by comprising a polishing vibration tank (4), a base (1), a pulse power supply (18), a circulating pump (27), a filter (31) and a driving motor (26), wherein electrolyte (6) is filled in the polishing vibration tank (4), the polishing vibration tank (4) is connected to the upper part of the base (1) through a plurality of springs (2) positioned in the vertical direction, a vibration exciter (3) is further installed on the outer wall of the bottom of the polishing vibration tank (4), a partition plate (24) for dividing a tank cavity into two parts is arranged in the polishing vibration tank (4), through holes distributed densely are formed in the partition plate (24), an electrolytic reaction tank (15) is arranged on one side of the partition plate (24), a grinding block (5) is further filled in the electrolytic reaction tank (15), an electrolytic solution tank (33) is arranged on the other side of the electrolytic reaction tank (15), and a supporting plate (17) parallel to the partition plate (24) is further arranged in the electrolytic reaction tank (15), the upper part of a supporting plate (17) is fixedly connected with an electrolytic reaction tank (15) through a clamp (16), the lower part of the supporting plate (17) extends into the electrolytic reaction tank (15), a supporting shaft (22) penetrating on the separating plate (24) is installed on the separating plate (24) through a bearing (13), one end, located on the electrolytic reaction tank (15), of the supporting shaft (22) is fixedly connected with a fixing seat for fixing a pipe fitting (20) to be processed, and the fixing seat is provided with a plurality of through holes facilitating the electrolyte (6) on the inner side of the pipe fitting (20) to be processed to flow to the outer side; a pipe fitting (20) to be processed is immersed in the electrolyte (6), the other end of the pipe fitting (20) to be processed is connected with a workpiece flange (8) through a bearing (13), the workpiece flange (8) is fixed on a supporting plate (17), a cathode flange (11) is fixedly connected on the supporting plate (17) on the inner side of the workpiece flange (8), a cathode pipe (19) which is positioned on the inner side of the pipe fitting (20) to be processed and is coaxial with the pipe fitting (20) to be processed is fixedly connected on the cathode flange (11), an insulating sleeve (9) is padded between the cathode flange (11) and the cathode pipe (19), the positive electrode of a pulse power supply (18) is in sliding contact with the outer wall of the pipe fitting (20) to be processed through a carbon brush, and the negative electrode of the pulse power supply (18) is connected to the cathode pipe (19); one end of the support shaft (22) positioned on the electrolyte tank (33) is fixedly connected with a first belt pulley, the driving motor (26) is positioned on the polishing and grinding vibration tank (4), the driving shaft of the driving motor is connected with a second belt pulley, and the first belt pulley and the second belt pulley are connected through a transmission belt (25); the bottom of the pool of electrolyte (6) pond is opened there is the liquid outlet, the liquid outlet is connected to filter (31), filter (31) are connected to circulating pump (27) through valve (29), the delivery port of circulating pump (27) is connected with shower nozzle (14) and spray tube (21) respectively through two bifurcated circulating line (30), extend to the gap port of waiting to process pipe fitting (20) and cathode tube (19) behind the lateral wall that shower nozzle (14) passed work piece flange (8), the gap width of waiting to process pipe fitting (20) and cathode tube (19) is less than the diameter of abrasive brick (5), spray tube (21) are the bar pipe that has a plurality of nozzles, spray tube (21) are arranged and are located the outer wall department of waiting to process pipe fitting (20) along the length direction of waiting to process pipe fitting (20).

2. The electrochemical auxiliary mechanical polishing processing device as claimed in claim 1, wherein a temperature control device (34) for controlling the temperature of the electrolyte (6) at 50-60 ℃ is arranged in the polishing vibration tank (4).

3. The electrochemical auxiliary mechanical polishing device as claimed in claim 2, further comprising a central controller (28), wherein the valve (29) is an electromagnetic valve, and the central controller (28) is electrically connected to the driving motor (26), the vibration exciter (3), the circulating pump (27), the filter (31), the pulse power supply (18), the temperature control device (34) and the electromagnetic valve respectively to control the components.

4. An electrochemical auxiliary mechanical polishing processing device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the shaft of the vibration exciter (3) is provided with two eccentric blocks with adjustable included angle and eccentric amount.

5. An electrochemical machining device for polishing as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that the length of the cathode tube (19) is slightly less than the length of the tube (20) to be machined; the outer diameter of the cathode pipe (19) is 0.6-1mm smaller than the inner diameter of the pipe (20) to be processed.

6. An electrochemical auxiliary mechanical polishing processing device according to claim 5, characterized in that the upper portion of the supporting plate (17) extends towards two sides with connecting ear plates spanning to two side walls of the polishing vibration groove (4), the clamp (16) connects the connecting ear plates at two sides of the supporting plate (17) with two side walls of the polishing vibration groove (4); the partition plate (24) is also fixed on the polishing vibration groove (4) through a clamp (16), and the edge of the partition plate (24) is attached to the inner wall of the polishing vibration groove (4).

7. The electrochemical auxiliary mechanical polishing device as claimed in claim 6, wherein the two side walls of the polishing vibration groove (4) are connected with slide rails for facilitating the sliding of the clamp (16), and the clamp (16) and the slide rails are fixedly connected through fastening bolts (7).

8. The electrochemical auxiliary mechanical polishing device as claimed in claim 7, wherein the polishing vibration groove (4) is made of an insulating material, and the polishing vibration groove (4) is a long groove body with a U-shaped inner wall.

9. An electrochemical machining device for polishing as claimed in claim 8, wherein the diameter of the through-hole in the partition (24) is 2 mm.

10. The electrochemical auxiliary mechanical polishing device as claimed in claim 9, wherein the electrolyte (6) is formed by mixing 8-15% by mass of sodium nitrate solution and 1% by volume of ethylene glycol solution; the grinding block (5) is a white ceramic rolling polishing grinding block with the diameter of 4 mm; the proportion of the electrolyte (6) to the grinding block (5) is 7: 4.